2014年5月北京学位英语试题及答案—阅读理解解析
师德师风自查自纠-整改报告怎么写
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试
2014.05.10
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Directions: There are three passages in this
part. Each passage is followed by some questions
or
unfinished statements. For each of them
there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You
should
decide on the best choice and blacken
the corresponding letter m the Answer Sheet.
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based
on the following passage:
The first year
of school in America, known as kindergarten,
usually begins between
the ages of five and
six. Among rich countries such a late start is
very strange.
President Obama believes it is
an economic and social problem; his education
secretary goes as far as to say that it is
support, as it is clear from research into
vocabulary that youngsters from poor families
enter kindergarten well behind those from rich
families—a disadvantage that usually
lasts a
lifetime. Children from households on welfare knew
525 words by the age of
three, while the
children of professionals had mastered 1,116.
(76) can help close this gap. So in a speech
last month, Mr, Obama called
for a partnership
between the federal government and the states to
expand it to every
American child. It later
became known that
families with incomes of up
to 200% above the poverty line—equal to an income
of
$$47,000 for a family of four.
(77)
Some critics say that sending children to school
at the age of four does not work.
The evidence
suggests otherwise. For example, on March 20th new
results were
announced from a study of .l in
New Jersey. This report found that
disadvantaged children who had attended had
better literacy (读写能力),
language, maths and
science skills. And two years of garten were
better
than one.
Some studies also
follow the effects of early learning over
lifetimes, such as its effect
on crime rates
and other factors that may eventually burden
society. Critics have
singled out a government
scheme called Head Start, created in 1965, which
provides
poor households with a range of
services including early education.
1．Kindergarten in rich countries other than
America usually begins at the age of
_______
A. eight B.
seven C. six
D. four
2．According to the passage,
which of the following is TRUE?
A. Poor
kids have a larger vocabulary than rich kids.
B. President Obama believes that early
education can solve all economic and social
problems.
C. Rich kids have a richer
vocabulary than poor kids.
D. President Obama's education secretary
thinks it is morally wrong to let kids start
kindergarten early.
3．Which of
the following about the New Jersey study is
TRUE?
A. There is no evidence to support
the New Jersey study.
B. New Jersey has
created a new Head Start to help disadvantaged
kids.
C. Sending children to school at the
age of four is not going to help.
D. Two
years of garten were better than one.
4．The phrase
A. choose
B. think about C. count
D. depend on
5．Which of the following
is an appropriate title for this passage?
A. Secondary Education
B. Education
C. Poor Kids’ Education
D. Rich Kids' Education
答案详解：
1. D four
第一段第一句说美国的幼儿园一般在五到六岁开始，第二句说在富
裕国家里这么晚才开始是
十分奇怪的，所以是在五岁以前，综合答案选择D，四岁。
2.
C Rich pre-school kids have a richer vocabulary
than poor kids.
第一第四句中提到，根据调查，贫困家庭的孩子在词汇方面要落后于
富有家庭的孩子，而这
种差距往往会持续一生。所以选C。
3. D Two
years of pre-kindergarten were better than one. <
br>倒数第二段第三四句讲到，参加学前教育的孩子在读写能力、语言能力、数学能力和科学能
力上均
有更好的表现，而有两年的学前教育效果要好于一年，所以选D。
4. A choose
本句的句意是批评者们选择了一个叫做“头脑启蒙”政府计划来„„其他的选项分别都B
考虑
C计数 D依赖
5. B Pre-school Education
本文通篇都在探讨的是学前教。A选项未提到，CD均为学前教育研究的一部分，所以选B。
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based
on the following passage:
Humans may not
have landed on Mars (火星) just yet, but that isn't
shopping a
European company from devising a
plan to send four people to the Red Planet within
the next few years. (78) This project, called
Mars One, aims to send a small group of
people
to Mars in 2022 and eventually establish a
permanent colony on the planet.
in
March 2014.
on Mars, the robots to prepare the
settlement for humans. For a mission, all
the
technology exists.宇航员) chosen for the trip will be
stuck on Mars—forever. And despite Mars One's
thorough planning, there are a
number of
challenges that may prevent the mission from ever
taking place. (79) The
biggest road block could be the mission's huge
cost ($$6 billion). However, Lansdorp
is
confident that Mars One will be able to fund the
project by selling the broadcast
rights for
the mission and subsequent experiences living on
the planet.
Those broadcast rights will
also play a part in helping to select the people
who will be
sent to Mars. Lansdorp said the
company will hold a selection process similar to a
reality show. Lansdorp is expecting at least 1
million applications from people around
the
world. In additon to the cost, several other
potential problems could inhibit (阻止)
the
mission to Mars.
“It’s even more
challenging to send people there with life
support, with food, with air,
with all the
other things like books, entertainment, means of
communication and of
providing for their own
resources for a long stay on Mars,
lecturer in
space engineering at Kingston University in
London.
rockets you'd need to do this would be
absolutely colossal.”
6. According to
Project Mars One, humans could send four people to
Mars within the
next _______ years.
A.
seven B. eight
C. ten D. six
7．According to Bas Lansdorp, which of the
following is NOT TRUE?
A. For a trip to
Mars, all the technology exists.
B. He
could not come up with the fund for Mars One.
C. We humans have the rockets to send people
to Mars.
D. We humans have the equipment
to land on Mars.
8．According to the
passage, all the following statements are TRUE
EXCEPT that
_______.
A. a competition
process will be held to select the four
astronauts
B. the cost of Mars One could
go as much as $$6 billion
C. if it goes as
planned, we could expect to watch Mars One on
TV
four astronauts could return to Earth
after a few years’ stay on Mars
9.
The word
A. very large B. very
small C. medium D.
average
10. Which of the following is
an appropriate title for this passage?
A.
Ready for a Round Trip to Mars
B. Ready
for a Short Visit to Mars
C. Ready for a
Trip to Mars
D. Ready for a Walk on Mars
答案详解：
6. B eight
第一段最后一句说计划在2022年送一组人上火星，可知答案是八年，选择B。
7. B He could not come up with the fund of
Mars One.
第二段倒数第二句明确说明计划大
约需要60亿美元。所以B选项描述有误。其
他选项在第二段前半部分都有提到，即所有的条件均已具备
。
8. D the four astronauts could return
to earth after a few years’ stay on Mars.
文中第二段提到这是一个“one-way trip”也就是单程旅行，所以他们不能回来。
9. A very large
最后一段开始提到，还需要送很多东西，例
如生活用品、书籍、娱乐设施等等到
火星。所以火箭的体积应该是很大的。选择A。
10. C Ready for a One-way trip to Mars
文章通篇都是讲的到火星的单向旅行计划，其他选项均未提到。
Passage
3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the
following passage:
When the United States
Congress created Yellowstone National Park in
1872, the
goal was to set aside a place where
Americans could enjoy the beauty of nature for
years to come. Now, 142 years later, there are
hundreds of national parks across the
country,
and technology is changing the way people
experience them. Should park
visitors be able
to use cell phones, or should their use be
restricted?
affairs officer at
Yellowstone National Park. He says cell phone
service at
Yellowstone is available in parts
of the park with stores and campgrounds. This
makes it easy for visitors to share photos of
their trip on social networking sites and to
stay in touch with friends and family members.
(80) If a nark visitor is hurt or in
danger,
cell phones make it easier to get help. Some say
the ability to download
applications that
provide information about plants and animals in
the park can enrich
a visitor's
experience.
Others say cell phones disturb
people's enjoyment of our national parks. In their
view,
cell phone towers are an eyesore, and
they'd rather hear the sound of birds than the
ring of an incoming call. Can you imagine
looking out a peaceful lake or field of grass
only to be disturbed by a person shouting into
their phone,
Nash says Yellowstone tries
to strike a balance.
understand and enjoy
nature better while protecting what people find
special about
Yellowstone, and one of those
things that's special is the ability to get away
from the
hustle and bustle (喧嚣) of one's daily
life.
11．Which of the following is
the best title for the passage?
A. Which
U.S. National Park Has the Most Visitors?
B. Should National Parks Allow the Use of Cell
Phones?
C. What Did Yellowstone Do to
Enrich Park Visitors’ Experience?
D. Can
Technology Transform the Way People Experience
Nature?
12．National parks were
established _______.
A. to show respect to
former presidents
B. to raise public
awareness about climate change
C. to
preserve areas of natural beauty
D. to
create job opportunities
13．According to the passage, which of the
following statements about the cell phone
service at Yellowstone is TRUE?
A. It
is limited to certain areas in the park.
B. It is available everywhere in the park.
C. It is not available in the park.
D.
It is available to visitors at a fee.
14．The word
A. something unpleasant
to look at B. something harmful to
health
C. beautiful scene
D. serious threat
15．What's the
position of Yellowstone on cell phone use?
A. Supportive. B. Neutral.
C. Negative. D. Doubtful.
答案详解：
11. B Should National Parks
Allow the Use of Cell Phones?
文章先介绍了国家公园的简
单情况，然后引入了移动电话的问题，接下来是不同
方面对这个话题的看法，所以选择，B。
12. C to preserve areas of natural beauty
第一段第一句话明确指出，国家公园的建立是为了留出一个区域让美国人能享受
自然风光，所以
答案是C。
13. A It is limited to certain
areas in the park.
第二段第二句话说，移动电话只在公园里有商店和营地的地方有信号，所以选A。
14. A something unpleasant to look at
第三段第一句说，反对这说，移动电话打扰了他们在公园的享受，由此可以推断，
信号塔应该是他们很
不喜欢看到的，选A。
15. B Neutral
文章最后一段第
一句说，黄石公园方面试图保持一个平衡，所以说他们的态度是
中立的，答案是B。