浙江理工大学研究生-人教版四年级语文上册教案

《英语常见错误解析》
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1，abdomen n.腹部
误：He told the doctor that his abdomen was painful.
正：He told the doctor there was a pain in his abdomen.
解释：根据英语习惯，肚子疼不说his abdomen was painful ，而是要说成there was a pain in
his abdomen,另外，人们常用belly来代替abdomen。实际上，肚疼或者胃疼的常见说法是
have a stomach-ache.
2，ability n. 1)能力2)才智 才能
误：He has the ability of speaking English.
误: He has the ability to speaking English.
误:He has an ability to speaking English.
正：He has the ability to speak English.
正：His ability saved the team from defeat.
解释：ability之后一般接不定式，不跟动名词结构。后接不定式，前要加定冠词。
3，able adj.1)有能力的2)显示出才智的
误：She is able of completing the task by herself.
误：She can be able to complete the task by herself.
正：She is able to complete the task by herself.
误：John is very able.
正：John is an able man.
解释：able后不接动名词结构，而是要接动词不定式。为了避免语义重复，able不能 和can
一起连用。able不可以坐标与，只能做定语。作表语可用capable。
4，abound v.丰富，盛产
误：Fish is abound in this river.
误：This river abound fish.
正：Fish abounds in this river.
正：This river abounds with fish.
解释：abound为不及物动词。若盛产物作为主语，abound后可以直 接跟地点状语，若产地
做主语，abound后要加with然后才能加盛产物。
5，about prep,adv
1)be about to 即将 正要2)到处
误：I was about going out when it began raining.
误: I was about to go out soon when it began raining.
正:I was about to go out when it began raining.
误:Don’t leave things about everywhere.
正:Don’t leave things about.
解释：about作为介词，后面常跟名称或者动名词，但在be about 之后却要跟to do不定式。
而且be about to 意为将要；即将；正要不能和表示意义重复的副词一起连用。如：soon,at
once ,immediately,etc. About 作为副词，其意义和everywhere重复，应删去其中一个。
6，abroad adv. 到国外；在国外

误：My father went to abroad a month ago.
正:My father went abroad a month ago.
误:Mary is in abroad.
正:My is abroad.
解释：abroad 是副词，自句中直接作状语，前面不能加任何介词。
7，abscond v. 潜逃
误:The cashier absconded the bank’s money.
正:The cashier absconded with the bank’ money.
解释：abscond为不及物动词，携带东西潜逃应该用abscond with的结构。
8，absent adj.v.缺席
误：She was absent in school yesterday.
正:She was absent from school yesterday.
正:He absented himself from the meeting on some pretext.
误:This word is absent from this dictionary.
正:This word is absent in this dictionary.
误:I went to see him last Sunday but he was absent.
正:I went to see him last Sunday but he was out.
解释：没去上学，没去开会等要用 be absent from,但是“在某地方没有某东西” 却要用be
absent in。Absent 虽有不在之意，但是 “不在家” 不能用 absent，而要用out.
9，absolutely adv.绝对地
误：He is right absolutely.
正:He is absolutely right.
正:He absolutely refused to discuss the problem any further.
解释：absolutely 为副词，应该放在形容词，副词或者行为动词之前，助动词或系动词之后。
10，absolve v.解除；赦免；宽恕
误：The relationship promised to absolve his guilty.
正:The relationship promised to absolve him from his guilty.
解释：“宽恕”某人可以说absolve sb,但是“宽恕某人的罪行”应该说absolve sb from his or
her guilt.
11,absorb v. 1)吸收2)吸引
误：Paper that absorbs in ink is called blotting paper.
正:Paper that absorbs ink is called blotting paper.
正He is absorbed completely in his business.
正:He has been absorbed bu the book this week.
解释：absorb为及物动词，后面直接加宾语，不需要介词in，若被动语态 be absorbed in 和
be absorbed by 都是正确的。
12，absorption n.1)专注2)吸收
误：I really admire his complete absorption with his business.
正:I really admire his complete absorption in his business.
正:His insatiable absorption of knowledge is incredible.
解释：absorption 当“专注”解释时，后面要跟介词 in ，不能跟with;若当“吸收”讲，则
要接of.
13, abstain v. 或；避免；避开
误：It’s difficult for some smokers to abstain smoking.

误:It’s difficult for some smokers to abstain with smoking.
正:It’s difficult for some smokers to abstain from smoking.
解释：abstain 为不及物动词，后面需要接介宾结构，但介词不能是with，只能是from。
14，abstention n.或；避免；弃权
误：His abstention of voting doesn’t prove anything.
正:His abstention from voting doesn’t prove anything.
解释：abstention 为abstain的名词形式，他后面的介词同样也只能是from。
15，abstract . 1)提取2)概括3)抽象的
误：How do you abstract metal with ore?
正:How do you abstract metal from ore?
正:I have read the abstract of the article.
正:I can’t understand his abstract ideas.
解释:“abstract sth from....”是一个固定句型，意为“从····中提取···”
16，abundance n.丰富；充裕
误：We had a very good dinner with food and drinks of abundance.
正:We had a very good dinner with food and drinks in abundance.
正:There is an abundance of coal in China.
解释:若东西在前，abundance在后，中间要加介词“in”连接，反之则要用of，而且abunda nce
前面要加不定冠词an。
17，abut v.邻接；毗邻；紧靠
误：There is constant rivalry between the neighbors whose property abut each other.
误:There is constant rivalry between the neighbors whose property abut to each other.
正:There is constant rivalry between the neighbors whose property abut on each other.
解 释：abut为不及物动词。Abut之后不能跟介词to，而只能跟on，upon或against。Abu t
是一个重度闭音节词汇，因此为abut-abutted-abutted.
18,accept v.接受；领受
误：He has accepted to go to a dinner with us .
正:He has accepted our invitation to go to a dinner .
误:Please receive this TV as my present to you.
正:Please accept this TV as my present to you.
误:Thanks for your present,but I really can;t accept.
正:Thanks for your present,but I really can;t accept it.
解释：accept不能带不定式宾语，receive意为收到，请某人收到 一台电视是不合乎逻辑的，
因此要将receive改为accept。Accept是及物动词，宾语 不能省去。
19，acceptance n.1)接受；领受2)承认；认可
误：They are very delighted at our acceptance to their invitation.
正:They are very delighted at our acceptance of their invitation.
正:His suggestion was met with general acceptance.
解释：不能说acceptance to their invitation，而是要说acceptance of their invitation.
20,access n.1)通路2)接近进入的方法；或权利机会等
accession n.1）就职；就任2）增加；增加物
误：The only access for the river is over those hills.
正:The only access to the river is over those hills.
正:Before liberation,the working people had no access to education.

正:He is easy of access.
正:Thousands of people held a demonstration against his accession to the throne.
正:We’re very happy about the access of new members to the Party.
解释：“通向某个地方的路”为the access to 。The access for 的意思和the access to 不同，
如This is the only access for me.这是我唯一的出路。
21，accident n.意外的事情；事故
误：I didn’t mean to hit you with the stone;it was accident.
正:I didn’t mean to hit you with the stone;it was an accident.
误:He died in a traffic incident.
正:He died in a traffic accident.
误;I met an old friend by accidents yesterday.
正:I met an old friend by accident yesterday.
解释：accident为可数名词，不能说it was accident,而要说it was an accident。Accident常指
不好的事情，特别是灾难性的事件。Incident 则是偶尔发生的小事儿，不一定是不好的。By
accident 是一个习惯用语，意为“偶尔”或者“偶然”，accident之后不能加复数。
22,accommodate v.1）接纳；提供住宿2）调节；调停；使适应
误：This university auditorium can accommodate for over three thousand people.
正:This university auditorium can accommodate three thousand people.
正;They have accommodated us with a large amount of money.
正:We should accommodate ourselves to new conditions.
23,accompany v.陪伴；陪同
误：Who will accompany the foreign guests to go to the airport?
正：Who will accompany the foreign guests to the airport?
误：They asked me to accompany with them to the airport.
正:They asked me to accompany them to the airport.
正:He accompanied his speech with gestures.
解释：accompany意为“陪同某人去某地”即“go with”为了避免语义上的重复，一般不说
accompany sb to go to sw 而要说 accompany sb to sw。Accompany是及物动词，因此“陪同
某人”要说城accompany sb 不用加介词。
24， accomplishment n. 1)完成2)成就；才艺；造诣；技能
误：He was rewarded for his accomplishment in the task.
正:He was rewarded for his accomplishment of the task.
正:He was rewarded for his accomplishment in the field of science.
正:He has many accomplishments.
解释：完成一项具体的任务或者工作，应该用accomplishment of····，在某一领域获得
成就，应该用accomplishment in····。Accomplishment加复数意为“技能”或者“才艺”
25，according adv. 根据；遵照
误：People see things differently according to they are materialists or idealists.
正:People see things differently according as they are materialists or idealists.
误:They will be judged according by the way they present themselves.
正:They will be judged according to the way they present themselves.
正:According to the policy, every family is only allowed to have one child.
解释：according只用于下列两个习语中：according as 后面接从句，意思是“根据···而···”；
according to，后接名词，意为“按照····”或“根据···所说”。According to···=in

accordance with。
26，accost v.走上前去跟某人讲话
误：The bellman accosted to speak to the captain.
误:The bellman accosted to the captain.
正:The bellman accosted the captain.
解释：accost 的本意是“走上前去和某人谈话”因此 to speak to 为多余，另外，accost 是
及物动词，后面不需加介词 to。
27，account v.n. 认为；解释；说明；原因；理由
误：We all account him as a good Party member.
正:We all account him a good Party member.
正:That accounts for the delay of the train.
误:On no account you are to leave the house without my permission.
正：On no account are you to leave the house without my permission.
解释：account 当“认为”解时，他的宾语补足语可以是形容词或者名词，直接跟在宾语之
后，不需要as；On no account 是一个固定结构，意为“绝不”，常置于句首，但句子结构
需要倒装。
28，accredit v. 把·····归咎
误:He is accredited to the success of the plan.
正:He is accredited with the success of the plan.
正:The success of the plan is accredited to him.
解释：“把某是归咎于某人”有两种说法，即accredit sb with sth 和 accredit sth to sb,在被
动语态里也一样。
29， accuse v.谴责；指责
误：The leadership accused him that he was careless.
误:The leadership accused him for being he was careless.
正:The leadership accused him of carelessness.
解释：accuse 后面不能接从句，也不能接介词词语“for···”而只能用于“accuse sb of ····”
之结构。
30，accustom . 使习惯；惯常的
误：I’m accustomed with the weather here.
正:I’m accustomed to the weather here.
正:I have to accustom myself to the weather here anyway.
误:I’m accustomed to get up early.
正:I’m accustomed to getting up early.
正:When watching the television,he likes to sit in his accustomed seat.
解释：accustom 之后只能用介词to，to后要接名词或动词。
31，ache v.n. 痛；连续固定的疼痛
误：My head aches me very much.
正:My head aches very much.
误:Her headaches when the weather is hot.
正:Her head aches when the weather is hot.
正:I have a headache.
解释：ac he为非及物动词，不带宾语。Headache：是名词，如果head是名词，ache是谓语
动词 ，那一定要分开写。

32，acknowledge v.承认
误：I don’t acquaint him.
误:I was acquainted to her only recently.
正:I’m not acquainted with him.
正:I got acquainted with her only recently.
正:We’re not acquainted.
解释：acquaint 是“使···认识”而不是“认识····”因此，当人称做主语时，常用
be acquainted with，get acquainted with 等。
33，acquaintance n.学识
误：She is very proud of her acquirement.
正:She is very proud of her acquirements..
解释:acquirement 当学识讲，总用复数形式。
34， acquit v. 宣判····无罪；表现；履行；完成
误：He walked off happily after being acquitted with all the charges.
正:He walked off happily after being acquitted of all the charges.
正:They have acquitted themselves of various duties splendidly.
解释：acquit 常用语下列两个习语中，即acquit sb of ···意为“宣判某人无罪”；acquit
oneself of··· 意为“履行···”“完成···”，如acquit oneself of a promise 履行
诺言，acquit oneself of the task完成任务。
35，act n.行为；动作
误：She was caught in the action of stealing.
正:She was caught in the act of stealing.
解释：act与action 常可混用，不过act常指具体的动作而action却指抽象的行动。
36，action n.行动；行为
误：He is a man for action rather than for words.
正:He is a man of action rather than of words.
误:It’s time for us to take an action.
正:It’s time for us to take action.
解释：“善于行动的人”应该是a man of action ，不能说a man for action , 倒是有这样的说
法：a man for the action 不过表示的意思是“赞成这个行动的任何一人”take action 是一
个习惯用语，意为“采取行动”；不能说take an action 或take actions 。因为action是个
不可数名词（抽象名词）。
37，active adj. 灵敏的；积极的
误：Although he is old ,he is much active to some young people.
误:Although he is old ,he is activer than to some young men.
正:Although he is old ,he is more active than some young men.
误:All the students should take active part in the school-plays.
正:All the students should take an active part in the school- plays.
解释：凡事进行比较的句子，都要用比较式，than 是比较句中的一个不可缺少的成分，任
何别的词都不能代替。Active的比较级是more active ，一般来说，三个音节或者三个音节
以上的形容词或副词的比较式都是在该次面前加上m ore，而不是在该词词尾加上“er”“积
极参加”只能说take an active part ,不能说take active part。
38，adapt v.使适应；是适合；改编；改写
误：You have to read newspapers everyday if you want to adapt your thinking with the new

situation.
正:You have to read newspapers everyday if you want to adapt your thinking to the new situation.
正:These books were adapted for middle-school students.
正:This play has been adapted from a novel.
解释：“使···适合于···”要说“adapt···to··”
39，add v.增加；添加；增添
误：Three added on four makes seven.
正:Three added to four makes seven.
正:If the tea is too strong ,add some hot water.
正:He does nothing but adds to our problems. 解释：add可作及物动词，亦可作不及物动词。但不管怎样，当它做“增加”或“增添”解
时，它 后面所用的介词都必须是“to”
v. 使沉溺；使醉心
误：He has addicted to alcohol.
误:He is addicted to have smoke.
正:He has addicted himself to alcohol.
正:He is addicted to smoking.
解释：addict为及物动词，只用于下列两个句型，即addict oneself to 和be addicted to 这两
个句型中的to 都是介词，后面要跟名词或动词。