创意阅读第二册参考答案1
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Unit 1 Advertising
Words to note
abound
acre
blasted
brochure
to be present in large numbers or amounts
a unit for measuring the surface area of land,
equal to 4,047 square meters
damaged by storms
or strong winds
a small magazine containing
details and pictures of goods or services that you
can
buy
cavern a large cave
deluxe
used to describe things that are better in quality
and more expensive that other
things of the
same type
drought a long period of time when
there is little or no rain
exotic interesting
or exciting because of being unusual or not
familiar
handcrafted made by a person, not a
machine, and usually made with great skill
independent fair, because of not being
influenced by anyone else
nestled to be in a
protected and comfortable position
paddling
pool a small swimming pool that is not deep, for
small children to play in
paradise a perfect
place or situation
perched placed high up on
the edge of something
scuba diver somebody who
swims underwater with a container of air on their
back and a tube
for breathing through
shark a sometimes large fish with teeth that
lives in the sea; some types of shark attack
people
situated in a particular place,
located
typhoon a tropical storm with strong
winds that move in circles
Understanding
the text
Part A: Comprehending the text
1.
A major purpose of advertising is to inform us of
new products or good bargainshelp
producers to
sell their products.
It is possible that
advertising is becoming less effective because we
are exposed to too much
advertising now and so
much of it is misleading, so many people now
ignore it.
2. The more adventurous members of
the family can visit some of the attractions of
the island,
including a trip to an ancient
cavernstudy the fascinating sea creatures of that
area.
The less adventurous members can use the
hotel swimming poolpaddling pool or play on the
mini-golf course or visit the less adventurous
places of interest (in an air-conditioned vehicle)
such as a local lake.
Ghosts are often
seen around Lake Tali.
Wood has been used to
make the accommodation “units”.
The holiday is
cheap because the resort is new and the owners
claim to be more interested in
making the
guests happy than making money.
3. Bantu
Island is really only a small, bare, exposed rock
in the middle of the ocean.
Swimming
around the island would be very dangerous because
of the many sharks.
The swimming pool isn’t
very much in use because there is no water in it.
The author doesn’t believe the stories about
Lake Tali because it is too small and too shallow
for the stories to be true.
The author
says the only reason your money ―goes further‖ is
that Bantu Island is a long way
away so the
money will be traveling further. The expression is
not being used in its usual
meaning of money
lasting longer as things are so cheap.
4. The
advice the author gives in the last paragraphs is
to be very careful when reading
advertisements
and always try to check the information from an
independent source before
you buy whatever is
being advertised.
Part B: Comparing the
texts
The Brochure The Newspaper Article
Building site
Beachless baybare rock
Hungry sharks
Wooden huts
Dirty pond
1 resort
2 A shallow bayisland paradise
3 Fascinating sea creatures
5 Individual,
handcrafted units
6 Ancient and mysterious
lake
4 Deluxe air-conditioned transport
Open-backed jeep
Part C: Interpreting the text
1. The writer is trying to say that
advertising is often very misleading and, in some
cases,
―legalized lying‖. The advertising
brochure for Bantu Island is obviously very
misleading—and, although nothing it says is
actually a lie, it could be argued that it does
not
represent the truth.
2. Because once
they got to the island and saw what it was like,
they would not want to go on
any tours.
3.
No, it was very carefully worded so that it would
be difficult to prove it told any lies –simply
did not tell the whole truth or misled the
reader in different ways. For example, the resort
does have a swimming pool (and even a paddling
pool)—it does not actually say that they
don’t
have any water; it does say that sea creatures
abound, it does not say they are sharks,
etc.
4. We should look carefully at things that
seem attractive (and cheap). There is often a
problem
that is not obvious. This might also
apply to other things, such as a motor vehicle, a
new
apartment, ―special offers‖ on CDs, books,
etc.
Developing your skills
layout
Brochure
A Once in a lifetime
Holiday(This means
something very
special—so
special it cannot ever be
repeated)
Newspaper
A ―Never-To-Be-
Repeated‖Holiday (This means
it only happens
once because it was so bad you
would never do
it again)
A ―Holiday‖ for Nobody
A
Holiday for All the Family
Choice of Sea
creatures
Information brand-new
cooled
rare
it omits any details of the
size,
etc. of the attractions
(e.g. Lake Tali).
No mention of having to wash
in a small
stream (i.e. no
plumbing or washing
facilities in the hotel).
Punctuation …you
won’t have a penny
more to pay!—The
exclamation mark is supposed
to show the
reader what a
wonderful deal she he is
getting with the holiday.
Sharks
half-
built
blasted
They don’t exist
A
―Holiday‖ for Nobody—the inverted commas
indicate that the writer feels the word
―Holiday‖
is not the correct word.
The
―Beauties of Bantu Island‖—again the
inverted
commas suggested that ―Beauties‖ does
not
describe the reality of the Island.
‖Air-
conditioned‖, ―back-to-nature‖, ―resort‖,
―Lake‖, etc. all these show that the writer
does
not feel the words are being used with
their usual
meaning and connotations
Come and Eat at the Luxurious and Relaxing
“French Kitchen”
Enjoy the wonderful selection
of tempting dishes from our extensive menu.
The magnificent view over the ocean will make
it an evening to remembercherish.
Our highly-
trainedprofessionalfriendly and
experiencedknowledgeablepolite staff will be
delightedpleasedthrilled to look after your
every need and the reasonableinexpensive prices
will
pleasantly surprise you.
Don’t
delaywait. Book now! You won’t be
disappointedsorry.
Anybody who is thinking of
going to the new ―restaurant‖ called the ―French
Kitchen‖, don’t
think again. I was tempted by
the advertisement in this newspaper last week.
UnfortunatelyRegrettably, I can
honestlytruthfullyreally say that I was very
displeased by my
decision.
To enjoy
the ―magnificent view‖ of the ocean, you would
need to lean at least a meter out of the
window and peer round the building next door.
I’ve seen a bettermore impressivewidermore
tempting selection of dishes in my local fast
food restaurant and much more politefriendlier
staff
in an army training camp. As for the
―reasonableinexpensive‖ prices! My bank manager
will
think that I bought the restaurant when
he sees my account. It’s true that they were a
―surprise‖,
but definitely not ―pleasant‖.
Don’t go. You will certainly be disappointed.
Extending your vocabulary
Part
A Antonyms
Brand-new—ancient
Nestled—perched
Shallow—deep
Paradise—nightmare
Give-away
price—expensive
Refreshing—bitter
Part B Scales of meaning
frequency
Constantlyalw
ays
Regularlyrepe
atedly
Oftenfrequent
ly
Sometimesoc
casionally
Not always
Rarelyseldom
intermittently
Once
Hardly ever
never
degree
perfectlyabsolutelytotally
extremelyenormo
uslyparticularlyexceedinglyexceptionally
very
slightlya littleto some extent
in no way
not in the slightestnot at all
Quantity
allevery
a vast number
mostthe
majority
ofgenerally
manya lot
ofnumerous
mucha great deal
a
couplea few
none
Unit 2 School Days
Words to note
appalled
bureaucracy
cajole
carefree
compulsory
cooperative
despair
dominated
effectively
frantically
intolerable
motivated
primitive
rationale
receptive
severe
tender(age)
tertiary
offended or shocked very much by something
a complicated and annoying system of rules and
processes
to persuade some one to do something
by encouraging them gently
or by being nice
to them.
happy and without any worries
must be done because of a law or rule
willing to do what is being asked
a
feeling that a situation is so bad that nothing
you can do will
change it.
to be the most
important issue, activity, problem etc, in a
particular
situation
what the situation
really is, although its appearance or
official
description might be different
in
a very urgent way
impossible to bear or deal
with
enthusiastic and determined to achieve
success
at a very simple stage of development,
before modern technology
and thinking
the
set of reasons that something such as a plan or
belief is based on
willing to listen to or
consider suggestions
very strict or extreme
a time of your life when you are still young
and lack experience
relating to colleges of
universities; in the place or position counted
as number three
Understanding the text
Part A
1. False. The introductory
paragraph asks a challenging question: ―Is it
possible that the children
are not at fault at
all, but society itself?‖ Also, ―failures‖ is in
inverted commas. This suggests
that the word
should be interpreted differently: it suggests
that the children are not at fault.
2. True.
Look at speech paragraph 2: Children have to sit
exams at an age when they are least
receptive
to formal learning.
3. True. In speech
paragraph 3: ―Interesting subjects‖ are available
―only for those who have
already been labeled
as failures‖
4. True. In paragraph 3: many
words in this paragraph indicate pressure: ―push‖,
―cajole‖,
―force‖, ―search frantically‖. In
paragraph 4: Parents a re foolish if they ―despair
at their
children’s perfectly normal
behavior.‖
5. True. You might ask whether the
―educational system‖ has any clear idea at all
about its
objectives. But assuming the
―educational system‖ aims educate children, text
suggests very
definitely that it is
failing today. e.g.
In paragraph 4: The system
might ―make or break‖ children in their early
teenage.
In paragraph 5: There are ―severe
penalties‖ in the system.
6. True. In
paragraph 7: ―between the age of five and 18… the
brain is biologically at it most
receptive‖.
7. False. Paragraph 7 describes the
organization of the school day (―40 minute pieces
of
learning ‖) as not designed to encourage
serious learning.
8. False. Paragraph 11 tells
us that the writer has ―no idea‖ whether the NUS
is correct in
believing ―that children would
actually learn more‖. But the writer is ―sure they
would be
happier‖---- perhaps you could
encourage a class debate, at this stage, on the
subject ―Happy
children should be the primary
objective of primary and secondary education
systems.‖
Part B Interpreting the text
1. These exams ―decide their futures‖ and the
penalties for failure are ―final‖. Also look at
paragraph 6--- the ―threat of being a failure
for life‖ is perhaps even worse than a death
sentence.
2. The labor market does not
urgently need ―newly qualified people‖. There is
no ―hurry‖; the
situation is not critical.
3. To compare the large number of lessons with
the tiny result and also to say that ―40-minute
pieces of learning‖ and ―little pieces of
geography or history or biology‖ do not really add
up
to any substantial body of knowledge.
Perhaps, too, the writer wants to show that mere
statistics do not really prove that the
results are good.
4. The word suggests an
unpleasant experience. The writer was, when a
child, the subject --- and
the educational
system was the ―boss‖. The results of the
children’s subjection were not good.
Also look
at paragraph 8 again: the system ―can never be
called efficient‖; it is simply helps
the
administrators and the bureaucrats.
Developing your skills
Part A Using
reference markers
1.
2.
3.
4.
c)
b)
c)
a)
● “But” (paragraph
4, line 26) does two jobs. It referss back to the
whole subject of exams and
pressures; it also
signals that there is going to be a change of
direction in the whole
discussion.
● “It”
(para 4, line 32) refers back to the ―problem‖ if
children ―suddenly stop reading‖--- and
the
paragraph goes to say that this is not really a
problem.
● “so” (paragraph 4, line 36) is
another small but very important linking word.
Often--- as
here--- it is used to ―wrap up‖ ,
or conclude, an argument.
● “If” (paragraph 5,
line 38) introduces a hypothetical situation. It
raises the idea of imagining
big changes and
new conditions. Again, it’s a small word with many
uses.
● In paragraph 8, ―for example‖
is perhaps a more simple instance of linking: here
the
inefficiency of the ―present system‖ is
shown clearly by the example--- i.e. it ―takes up
to 11
years‖ to produce even basic results.
Part B Using discourse markers
1.
HoweverYet Function: showing contrast
2. on
the whole in generalgenerally speaking overall
Function: generalizing
3. except except for
with the exception of Function: introducing
exceptions
4. as for as regards Function:
focusing attention
5. so and so so now
Function: showing logical sequence
1. Listing
Points--- There are several problems in the
present system. Firstly, there is the
problem
of exam. Secondly, there is the pressure from
parents. Thirdly, there is the issue of
competition among students.
2. Giving
Additional Information--- Relaxation and fun
should be part of education. Furthermore,
bright new ideas often come to kids when they
are relaxing.
3. Showing Contrast with
Preceding Information--- I was subjected to
thousands upon thousands
of boring classroom
hours. Yet I don’t remember much of what I was
taught! I don’t
remember what I was taught
though.
4. Showing Logical Sequence--- So my
experience suggests very strongly that something
is
seriously wrong with the system…
5.
Introducing Exceptions and Examples--- I think my
experience is shared by millions of other
students, except perhaps those who don’t have
any opinions of their own!
6. Generalizing---
As a rule, teachers probably have good intentions.
7. Focusing Attention on a Topic--- As far as
homework is concerned, I recommend that the
amount be reduced 80 percent.
Extending
your vocabulary
Part A Words to note
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
carefree
intolerable
receptive
compulsory
severe
motivated
appalled
frantically
Part B Expression
regardless of
how much
certainly
must
help or ruin
frequently
result