调动工作申请书-开学寄语

Techniques of Translation

（增加必要连词）
Liquids contract in freezing；water is an important exception to this rule。
液体冻结时收缩，但水却是这一规则的一个重要例外。
With your eyes shut you can recognize hundreds of things by their sound or their touch。
你即使闭上眼睛也能凭借声音或触摸辨别数白种东西。
With all his achievements he remains modest and prudent。
尽管取得了很多成就，但他仍保持谦虚和谨慎。

（增加概括性词汇）
The goals of our research are to examine the curative effect of the medicine and its side effect
我们研究的两个目的是检验此种药物的疗效和副作用。
However， in spite of all these similarities between the diseases，there are also important
differences。
尽管两种疾病之间有这些类似之处，然而它们之间还有若干重要差别。

The chief effects of electric currents are magnetic，heating and chemical ones。
电流的三个主要效应是磁效应，热效应和化学效应。
The American and the Russian have undergone series of secret consultation。
美俄双方已进行了一系列的秘密磋商。
The action of any anesthetic within the body is due to two facts：its physical property of
solubility in fats and water and its chemical characteristic of combining with nerve tissue。
任何麻醉剂在体内的效应取决于两个因素：一是物理因素，即其在脂肪和水中
的溶解度，二是化学因素，即其与神经组织的结合力。

（增加表复数的词）
The medical workers first applied acupuncture analgesia in dental operations。
医务工作者们最早在牙科手术中应用了针刺镇痛法。
Drugs used to the treatment of heart diseases can produce heart block。
某些用于治疗心脏病的药物能够引起心脏传导阻滞。
Diseases may be classified into the following categories。
这些疾病可以分为以下几类。
There are complex problems in medicine，and it take much time to solve them。
医学上有一些复杂的问题，解决这些问题要花许多时间。
The heart is slightly bigger than a fist，and lies between the lungs。
心脏略大于一个拳头，位于两肺之间。
The ventricles make up the greater part of the heart。
两心室占据了心脏的大部分。
To make the most of our brain，we need to increase the communication between the
hemispheres and get them working together。
为了充分利用大脑，我们需要加强两侧大脑半球之间的联系，使它们协同工作。
1

（增加表时态的词）
Our transmitter is sending out a series of short pulses。
我们的发射器正在发射大量脉冲。
The high-altitude plane was and still is a remarkable bird。
这种高空飞机过去是、现在仍是一种不同凡响的飞机。
（连词and的用法）
It is usual for attack to become less frequent and severe during middle and late adolescence，
and they may disappear completely。
通常在青春期的中后期发作的频率和严重程度会减轻，而且有可能完全消失。
The disease occurs most frequently in the winter months and is often epidemic。
这种病通常在冬季发生，而且时常形成流行。
If prompt and proper treatment is given，the patient will recover in a week。
如果给予及时和适当的治疗，该患者将在一周内康复。
In the other two cases，operation was refused and it was impossible to decide whether cancer
was the causes of death。
另外两例患者拒绝手术，因而无法判断其死因是否为癌症。

（省略物主代词）
Mr White put his pipe down，crossed his hands behind his neck，and turned his face towards
the window。
怀特先生放下烟斗，两手交叉放在脖子后面，把脸朝向了窗户。

（省略泛指代词）
If one whishes to make oneself thoroughly unpopular, one has merely to tell people exactly
what one has on one’s mind.
如果谁想尽失人心，只需将自己的真实想法告诉人们即可。
I am looking for a flat。I’d really like one with a pardon。
我正在寻求一处公寓，最好是带花园的。
Conditions are changing all the time，and to adapt one
’s
thinking to the new condition，one
must study。

情况在不断变化，要是自己的思想适应心情况，就得学习。

In order to make the heart strong and healthy，one must exercise the heart muscles。
要想心脏强壮而有力，就必须进行心肌锻炼。

（省略it的用法）
It was a nuisance having to work the whole night on the problem。
整夜忙碌于这个问题真是件令人厌恶的事。
It has been estimated that forty percent of human diseases are the result of infection by
bacteria。
据估计40%的人类疾病是细菌感染的结果。

2

It is evident that solids differs from liquids in that they tend to keep their shape.
显然固体不同于液体，因为固体往往能保持其形状。
It is should be realized that magnetic forces and electric forces are not the same.
应该认识到磁力和电力是不一样的。
It is known to us all that water is produced when hydrogen combines with oxygen.
大家都知道氧和氢结合产生了水。
It was Paseur who discovered that diseases are caused by living germs.
正是巴斯德发现了疾病是由活着的病原体引起的。
It is the gravitation which makes the satellites move around the earth.
是地球引力使卫星绕着地球运转。
（不译关系词）
A low salt diet may result in a reduction of blood pressure。
低盐饮食可使血压降低。
If the tumor spreads into other parts of the body，it is called a malignant tumor。
向身体其它部位扩散生长的肿瘤，称为恶性肿瘤。
The pen is mightier than the sword。
笔杆子比刀剑更有力。
The fox may grow grey，but never good。
狐狸会变老，但不会变好。
A light year is the greatest unit of measurement for distant。
光年是计量距离的最大单位。
The criminal is given a still sentence of fifteen years。
哪个罪犯被从严判处了15年徒刑。
Because of the body’s defense system is damaged，the patient has little ability to fight off
many other diseases。
由于人体的免疫系统遭受破坏，病人几乎没有什么能力来抵抗其它疾病的侵袭。
The atom is the smallest particle of element。
原子是元素的最小粒子。
Human beings and the great apes had a common ancestor about 5 million years ago。
大约500万年前，人类和类人猿有共同的祖先。
While the Chinese are eager to import modern medical technology from the West, increasing
numbers of westerner are equally interesting in the traditional remedies of China.
现在中国人热衷于从西方国家引进现代医疗技术，而越来越多的西方人热衷于
接受中医疗法。
（须译出冠词）
The germs are found in the waste removed from the body.
这些病菌是在身体排出的废物中发现的。
Many people believed that the disease is caused by a virus.
许多人认为此病由一种病毒引起。
The disease is more common in young adults.
该病在年轻人中较为常见。
3

Deficiency of an enzyme has several general consequences.
缺乏某种酶会产生一些全身性的后果。
The power plant gives the factories its constant supply of electricity.
该电厂源源不断地向工厂提供电力。
（省略介词）
In the case of a possible accident, the machine comes to a halt immediately upon the
operator’s direction.
在可能发生的情况下，操作人员一发指令，机器就会立刻停下来。
There are many methods by which gastric resection may be accomplished.
胃切除的方法有许多种。
The laws of science sometimes are revised as new discoveries are made.
科学定律有时因新的发现而被修正。
If test results show abnormalities, the drug should be discontinued.
如检查结果异常，应停止用药。
Rumor has it that hostilities were to begin on April 23。
据传言，战争将在4月23日爆发。
Will you be out for a long time？
你会出去很久吗？
As to marriage，I have my own way。
结婚的事，我自己做主。
Smoking is not allowed in the store-house。
仓库内禁止吸烟。
Most substances expand on heating and contract on cooling。
大多数物体热胀冷缩。
Now complaints are heard in all parts of country。
现在，举国上下怨声载道。

（同义词连用表强调）
There are rich deposits of fine oil and gas in here。
这里蕴藏着丰富的优质石油和天然气。
He is a man of culture and learning。
他是一个有学问的人。
We must reach our goals and aims。
我们必须达到目的。
To our knowledge，advertisements and commercials do many important things for society。
据我们所知，广告对社会起了许多重要作用。
He suffered aches and pains all over。
他浑身疼痛。
She was frightened into shaking and trembling。
她吓得浑身发抖。

4

He asked the divisions to give their mutual cooperation to the project。
对于这个计划，他要求各部门给予合作。
Before handing in your translation，you have to read it over and over again and see if there is
anything in it to be corrected or improved。
上交翻译前，必须读几遍，看有没有要修改的地方。

(词义引申)
Informed guesswork suggests that the steel output could rise to over one hundred million tons
next year.
知情人士说,钢产量下一年可能超过一亿吨,

(词性转换)
The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.
看到我们的喷气式飞机,听到隆隆的机声,真令人神往.
From the earliest times chemicals have been used in the treatment of diseases.
从古时起,人们就用化学药物来治疗疾病.
There is no evidence that the patient’s tumor is malignant.
无证据表明病人的肿瘤是恶性的.
As is so often pointed out，knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used equally for
good or evil。
常言到，知识是一种双刃武器，可以用来行善，也可以用来作恶。
Radioactivity may cause illness that could be passed on to our children and grandchildren.
放射性能够引起遗传性疾病。
Patients with influenza must be separated from the well lest the disease should spread from
person to person.
流感病人必须与健康人隔离，以避免疾病传播。
Stainless steels possess good hardness and high strength.
不锈钢硬度大强度高。
The purpose off insurance is to provide the protection against financial loss at a reasonable
cost.
保险的目的是以合理的代价来预防经济损失。
If you boiled away some sea water, you would find over forty different materials.
将海水煮干，就会得到40多种不同物质。
It is within a stone’s throw to the supermarket.
超市就在附近。
Carbon dioxide is always present in small amount in the air.
空气中总是有少量二氧化碳存在。
As a general rule, a body will expand when heated and contract when cooled.
总的来说，物体热张冷缩。


5

These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound
in natural resources.
这些发展中国家幅员辽阔，人口众多，资源丰富。
A fire in the neighbor’s house can easily bring disaster to everyone.
一家失火殃及四邻。
Insulin is used in the treatment of diabetes.
胰岛素用于治疗糖尿病。
That scientist was a great lover of literature when he was a child.
那位科学家小时侯酷爱文学。
He was a voracious reader, spending much of his days and evenings devouring books.
他读起书来，不分昼夜，废寝忘食。
A call for papers is being issued.
征集论文的通知正在陆续发出。
She has gained her master’s degree from Harvard’s School of Education and is finally off
welfare.
她已经获得了哈佛大学的教育硕士学位，终于摆脱了救济。
Also present in solids are numbers of free electron.
固体中也存在大量的自由电子。
Rheumatic and certain infectious diseases are commonly responsible for diseases of the heart
valves.
风湿病和某些传染性疾病常引起心瓣膜疾病。
Such robots are so sophisticated that they are even conscious of temperature change in the
surrounding.
这种机器人十分精密，甚至能感觉得到周围环境的温度变化。
Metabolism is defined as all the chemical changes which occure in foods after they are
digested and absorbed.
新陈代谢是指食物经消化吸收后发生的所有化学变化。
Of course, viruses differ from bacteria not only in size.
当然，病毒和细菌的区别不仅仅在大小。

The children’s being deprived of hygienic condition in some capitalist countries，their
parent’s suffering from economic difficulties and the society’s indifference towards their
welfare are the reasons for their great mortality rate.
在某些资本主义国家,儿童高死亡率的原因有三点:他们的卫生条件差,父母经
济 贫困以及社会对其福利的漠视.
Arteriographic examination and operation must be performed early, sometimes as an
emergency.
动脉造影和手术必须尽早实施,有时作为急诊处理.
Gastric ulcers are 2 or 3 times more common in males, usually over 40 years of age.
男性胃溃疡患者是女性胃溃疡患者的2到3倍,通常年龄在40岁以上.


6

Sweating involves losses of electrolytes as well as water.
出汗既包括水分的丢失,也包括电解质的丢失.
The upper part of the truck is called the thorax and the lower part, the abdomen.
人体躯干的上部称作胸,下部叫做腹.
The blood should be examined, and the chest, x-rayed.
血应做检查，胸部也应做X线透视。
Man is a creature composed of countless millions of cells; a microbe is composed of only
one, yet throughout the ages the two have been in ceaseless conflict.
人是由数以万计的细胞组成的，微生物是由单细胞构成的， 然而，自古以来他
们就一直进行着无休止的争斗。
We don’t retreat; we never have and never will.
我们不会后退，我们不曾后退，而且永不后退。
The advantages of the hall are bright, spacious, fashionable and without echo.
这个大厅有四个优点：明亮,宽敞,时尚和没有回声.
The pupil of eye responds to the change of light intensity.
瞳孔光线的强度变化而放大缩小.
If rise of blood pressure occurs with some other diseases, it is called secondary hypertension.
伴随于其它疾病出现的血压升高,称为继发性高血压.
If there were no gravity, there would be no air around the earth.
没有引力,地球周围就不会有空气.
A gas becomes hotter if it is compressed.
气体被压缩时,温度随之升高.
If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
冬天来了,春天还会远吗?
What could marriage mean if we did not feel ourselves capable of love?
爱都爱不起来,还谈什么婚姻呢?
As the temperature increases, the volume of water becomes greater.
温度升高,水的体积增大.
His appetite and spirit improved and he fully recovered in three weeks.
他的胃口和精神状况已好转,将在三周内完全康复.
The machine has worked in succession of seven or eight hours.
机器已经连续运转了七八个小时.
Early to rise and early to bed makes a man healthy.
早睡早起有益健康.

（减译法）
The most valuable advice which can be given to a patient with a cold is that he should keep
warm and take much water and go to bed if the fever is high.
对感冒患者最有价值的建议是:注意保温,多饮水和发热时卧床休息.


7

Don’t think you can learn grammatical rules like you learn multiplication tables.
千万不要认为你可以象学习乘法表一样学习语法 .
The victim of shock will die very quickly unless something is done to restore circulation
immediately.
如果不紧急采取措施重建循环的话,休克患者会很快死亡.
Application of laser in medicine is still in its infancy.
激光在医学上的应用仍处于初期。
The majority of the sufferers have been completely freed of the disease。
绝大多数患者已经痊愈。

（增译法）
Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter.物质可以转化为能，能也可以转
化为物质。 In a patient with gastric ulcer the pain usually
occurs from 1-2hours and in a patient with duodenal ulcer, from 2-3 hours after meals.
胃溃 疡患者的疼痛常发生于饭后1－2小时，而十二指肠溃疡患者的疼痛常发生
于饭后2－3小时。
Some plants grow well in certain areas， but not in others，for they do not have the ability to
adapt themselves to foreign climates.
有些植物在某些地区长的好,到了其他地区就长不好,因为它们没法适应不同的气
候..
They are particularly prone to envy，and，through envy， to unhappiness and ill will.
他们特别容易嫉妒别人,从嫉妒中又容易产生不悦和恶意.
Susceptibility to colds varies.
感冒的易感性因人而异。
Had the latency from infection to AIDS been longer, it would have resulted in enormous
consequences for public health.
如果艾滋病的潜伏期再长些，这将会给公众健康带来巨大危害。
Being ill with shortness of breath, the baby was sent to the hospital.
由于患儿呼吸短促，她被送到医院。
Without gravity there would be no air and no sound of any kind.
倘若没有地心吸力，就不会有什么空气和声音。
Having never handled a computer, he met with some difficulties at first.
由于他从来没用过计算机，一开头他碰到了一些困难。
White surfaces reflect heat; dark surfaces absorb it.
白色的表面反射热量，而黑色的表面吸收热量。
Dyspnea must be assessed in relation to age, obesity and physical fitness.
呼吸困难必须联系人的年龄
层次
、肥胖程度及健康
状况
。
Oxidation will make iron and steel rusty.
氧化作用会使钢铁生锈。

8


（词义选择）

Heavy smoking greatly increases the probability of getting lung cancer.
吸烟过多会大大增加得肺癌的可能性。
Avoidance of heavy food is very important for the patients suffering from peptic ulcer.
对患消化性溃疡的病人来说，避免难消化的食物是很重要的。
Patients should be warned not to eat a heavy meal immediately after injection.
应告诫患者不要在注射后立即大量进食。
The throat often feels sore，the head heavy, and there are cough and a pain in the chest.
常感到喉痛和头部沉重，有咳嗽和胸痛
Nursing in a well-ventilated room reduces the chance of secondary respiratory infection, and
the prompt treatment of bacterial complications is all that is required.
在通风良好的房 间护理病人，可减少继发性呼吸道感染的可能性。及时治疗细菌
性并发症是唯一需要做的事情。

(长句翻译)
In conclusion, surgery is indicated if adequate medical treatment of ulcerative colitis has
failed; in the patient admitted with a severe attack, it is important that emergency surgery
should be carried out before there is a dangerous deterioration in the patient’s general
condition, that is to say, intensive medical treatment must be started from the time of
admission, and that a delay in making a decision to proceed to surgery should be avoided.
总之，如果对溃疡性结肠炎进行适当的内科治疗而未能见效，就需 要作外科手术。
对因严重发作而住院的病人，应在全身情况恶化之前进行紧急外科手术，这很重要。也就是说，从患者住院开始时，就应加强治疗，避免拖延手术，这也同等重要。

This hope of “early discovery” of lung cancer followed by surgical cure, which currently
seems to be the most effective form of therapy, is often thwarted （阻挠，挫败）by diverse
biology behaviors in the rate and direction of growth of the cancer.
人们希望“早期发现”肺癌，随之进行外科手术治疗； 外科手术治疗目前看来是治
疗肺癌的有效的疗法。可是，由于肺癌生长速度和生长方向等生物学特征差异 很大，
“早期发现”常常化为泡影。

The reason that one tissue or organ, such as stomach, can digest food, and another tissue or
organ, such as a muscle, can move a limb, is that the cells of which each tissue or organ is
made are different.
某一组 织或器官(如胃)能消化食物，另一组织或器官(如肌肉)能使肢体运动，其
原因是：构成每一组织或器 官的细胞是不同的。

Examinations should be carried out to exclude tuberculosis, bronchial carcinoma and
intrabronchial foreign body.
应进行各种检查以排除结核病、支气管癌和支气管内异物。

9

Dying patients especially—who are easiest to mislead and most often kept in the dark—can
not make decisions about the end of life, about whether or not they should enter a hospital, or
have surgery; about where and with whom they should spend their remaining time; about
how they should bring their affairs to a close and take leave.
N 特别是濒临死亡的病人（他们最易 受骗也最会蒙在鼓里），因此而不能做出种种
有关抉择：如何度过余生，是否要住进医院，以及是否进行 手术，在何处与何人度过
余生，以及如何处理完自己的事务而后与世长辞。

There seems little doubt, therefore, that when a peptic ulcer, is in a stage of causing
symptoms, direct exposure of it to hydrochloric acid will usually induce typical ulcer pain.
因此，当消化性溃疡处于出现症状的阶段时，溃疡直接接触盐酸通常会引起典 型
的溃疡疼痛，这一点似乎是没有疑问的。

Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man
5. 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，写作使人缜密。
A man spending 12 days on the moon would find on returning to the earth that a good year
has passed already.
一个人假如在月球上度过了12天，在返回地球时便会发现已经过了足足一年。













2006级硕七班
李晋峰



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