2012考研英语一真题及答案
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2012考研英语一真题及答案
Section I Use of
English
Directions:
Read the following
text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered
blank and mark
A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.
(10 points)
Ancient Greek philosopher
Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise
precious
to health.” But1some claims to the
contrary, laughing probably has little influence
on physical fitness. Laughter does 2
short-term changes in the function
of the
heart and its blood vessels, 3 heart rate
and oxygen consumption.
But because hard
laughter is difficult to 4 , a good laugh is
unlikely
to have 5 benefits the way,
say, walking or jogging does.
6 , instead
of straining muscles to build them, as exercise
does, laughter
apparently accomplishes the 7
. Studies dating back to the 1930s indicate
that laughter 8 muscles, decreasing
muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after
the
laugh dies down.
Such bodily reaction might
conceivably help 9 the effects of
psychological
stress. Anyway, the act of
laughing probably does produce other types
of
10 feedback that improve an individual’s
emotional
state. 11 one classical theory
of emotion, our feelings are partially
rooted
12 physical reactions. It was argued at the end
of the 19th century
that humans do not
cry 13 they are sad but that they become sad
when
the tears begin to flow.
Although
sadness also 14 tears, evidence suggests that
emotions can
flow 15 muscular responses.
In an experiment published in 1988, social
psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of
Würzburg in Germany asked volunteers
to 16
a pen either with their teeth – thereby creating
an artificial
smile – or with their lips,
which would produce a(n) 17 expression. Those
forced to exercise their smiling muscles 18
more enthusiastically to funny
cartoons than
did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown,
19 that
expressions may influence emotions
rather than just the other way
around. 20
, the physical act of laughter could improve mood.
1.[A] among [B] except [C] despite [D] like
2.[A] reflect [B] demand [C] indicate [D]
produce
3.[A] stabilizing [B] boosting [C]
impairing [D] determining
4.[A] transmit [B]
sustain [C] evaluate [D] observe
5.[A]
measurable [B] manageable [C] affordable [D]
renewable
6.[A] In turn [B] In fact [C] In
addition [D] In brief
7.[A] opposite [B]
impossible [C] average [D] expected
8.[A]
hardens [B] weakens [C] tightens [D] relaxes
9.[A] aggravate [B] generate [C]
moderate [D] enhance
10.[A] physical [B]
mental [C] subconscious [D] internal
11.[A]
Except for [B] According to [C] Due to [D] As for
12.[A] with [B] on [C] in [D] at
13.[A]
unless [B] until [C] if [D] because
14.[A]
exhausts [B] follows [C] precedes [D] suppresses
15.[A] into [B] from [C] towards [D] beyond
16.[A] fetch [B] bite [C] pick [D] hold
17.[A] disappointed [B] excited [C] joyful [D]
indifferent
18.[A] adapted [B] catered [C]
turned [D] reacted
19.[A] suggesting [B]
requiring [C] mentioning [D] supposing
20.[A]
Eventually [B] Consequently [C] Similarly [D]
Conversely
Section I Use of English
1.C
2.D 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C
13.D 14.C 15.B 16.D 17.A 18.D
19.A 20.C
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the
following four texts. Answer the questions below
each text by choosing A,
B, C or D. Mark your
answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Text 1
The decision of the New York Philharmonic to
hire Alan Gilbert as its next music
director
has been the talk of the classical-music world
ever since the sudden
announcement of his
appointment in 2009. For the most part, the
response has been
favorable, to say the least.
“Hooray! At last!” wrote Anthony Tommasini, a
sober-sided classical-music critic.
One of
the reasons why the appointment came as such a
surprise, however, is that
Gilbert is
comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who
had advocated Gilbert’
s appointment in the
Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with
no air of
the formidable conductor about him.”
As a description of the next music director
of
an orchestra that has hitherto been led by
musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre
Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at
least some Times readers as faint praise.
For
my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great
conductor or even a good one.
To be sure, he
performs an impressive variety of interesting
compositions, but it
is not necessary for me
to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to
hear
interesting orchestral music. All I have
to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up
my
computer and download still more recorded music
from iTunes.
Devoted concertgoers who
reply that recordings are no substitute for live
performance are missing the point. For the
time, attention, and money of the
art-loving
public, classical instrumentalists must compete
not only with opera
houses, dance troupes,
theater companies, and museums, but also with the
recorded
performances of the great classical
musicians of the 20thcentury. These recordings
are cheap, available everywhere, and very
often much higher in artistic quality than
today’s live performances; moreover, they can
be “consumed” at a time and place
of the
listener’s choosing. The widespread availability
of such recordings has thus
brought about a
crisis in the institution of the traditional
classical concert.
One possible response is
for classical performers to program attractive new
music
that is not yet available on record.
Gilbert’s own interest in new music has been
widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music
critic, has described him as a man who
is
capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a
markedly different, more vibrant
organization.” But what will be the nature of
that difference? Merely expanding
the
orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough. If
Gilbert and the Philharmonic are
to succeed,
they must first change the relationship between
America’s oldest
orchestra and the new
audience it hopes to attract.
21. We learn
from Paragraph 1 that Gilbert’s appointment has
[A] incurred criticism. [B] raised suspicion.
[C] received acclaim. [D] aroused
curiosity.
22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who
is
[A] influential. [B] modest. [C]
respectable. [D] talented.
23. The author
believes that the devoted concertgoers
[A]
ignore the expenses of live performances. [B]
reject most kinds of recorded
performances.
[C] exaggerate the variety of live
performances. [D] overestimate the value of live
performances.
24. According to the text,
which of the following is true of recordings?
[A] They are often inferior to live concerts
in quality.
[B] They are easily accessible to
the general public.
[C] They help improve the
quality of music.
[D] They have only covered
masterpieces.
25. Regarding Gilbert’s role in
revitalizing the Philharmonic, the author feels
[A] doubtful. [B] enthusiastic. [C] confident.
[D] puzzled.
Text 2
When Liam McGee
departed as president of Bank of America in
August, his explanation
was surprisingly
straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the
usual vague
excuses, he came right out and
said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running
a company.” Broadcasting his ambition was
“very much my decision,” McGee says.
Within two weeks, he was talking for
the first time with the board of Hartford
Financial Services Group, which named him CEO
and chairman on September 29.
McGee says
leaving without a position lined up gave him time
to reflect on what kind
of company he wanted
to run. It also sent a clear message to the
outside world about
his aspirations. And McGee
isn’t alone. In recent weeks the No. 2 executives
at
Avon and American Express quit with the
explanation that they were looking for a
CEO
post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in
response to shareholder pressure,
executives
who don’t get the nod also may wish to move on. A
turbulent business
environment also has senior
managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements
cloud
their reputations.
As the first
signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy
chiefs may be more willing
to make the jump
without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover
was down 23% from
a year ago as nervous boards
stuck with the leaders they had, according to
Liberum
Research. As the economy picks up,
opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.
The decision to quit a senior position to look
for a better one is unconventional.
For years
executives and headhunters have adhered to the
rule that the most
attractive CEO candidates
are the ones who must be poached. Says KornFerry
senior
partner Dennis Carey: “I can’t think of
a single search I’ve done where a board
has
not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.”
Those who jumped without a job haven’t always
landed in top positions quickly. Ellen
Marram
quit as chief of Tropicana a decade ago, saying
she wanted to be a CEO. It
was a year before
she became head of a tiny Internet-based
commodities exchange.
Robert Willumstad
left Citigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO.
He finally took
that post at a major financial
institution three years later.
Many recruiters
say the old disgrace is fading for top performers.
The financial
crisis has made it more
acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad
one. “The
traditional rule was it’s safer to
stay where you are, but that’s been fundamentally
inverted,” says one headhunter. “The people
who’ve been hurt the worst are those
who’ve
stayed too long.”
26. When McGee announced his
departure, his manner can best be described as
being
[A] arrogant. [B] frank. [C] self-
centered. [D] impulsive.
27. According to
Paragraph 2, senior executives’ quitting may be
spurred by
[A] their expectation of better
financial status.
[B] their need to reflect on
their private life.
[C] their strained
relations with the boards.
[D] their pursuit
of new career goals.
28. The word “poached”
(Line 3, Paragraph 4) most probably means
[A]
approved of. [B] attended to. [C] hunted for.[D]
guarded against.
29. It can be inferred from
the last paragraph that
[A] top performers
used to cling to their posts.
[B]
loyalty of top performers is getting out-dated.
[C] top performers care more about
reputations.
[D] it’s safer to stick to the
traditional rules.
30. Which of the following
is the best title for the text?
[A] CEOs:
Where to Go?
[B] CEOs: All the Way Up?
[C]
Top Managers Jump without a Net
[D] The Only
Way Out for Top Performers
Text 3
The
rough guide to marketing success used to be that
you got what you paid for. No
longer. While
traditional “paid” media—such as television
commercials and print
advertisements – still
play a major role, companies today can exploit
many
alternative forms of media. Consumers
passionate about a product may create “earned”
media by willingly promoting it to friends,
and a company may leverage “owned”
media by
sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to
customers registered with
its Web site. The
way consumers now approach the process of making
purchase decisions
means that marketing’s
impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond
conventional
paid media.
Paid and
owned media are controlled by marketers promoting
their own products. For
earned media, such
marketers act as the initiator for users’
responses. But in some
cases, one marketer’s
owned media become another marketer’s paid media –
for
instance, when an e-commerce retailer
sells ad space on its Web site. We define such
sold media as owned media whose traffic is so
strong that other organizations place
their
content or e-commerce engines within that
environment. This trend, which we
believe is
still in its infancy, effectively began with
retailers and travel
providers such as
airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further.
Johnson & Johnson,
for example, has created
BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that
promotes
complementary and even competitive
products. Besides generating income, the
presence of other marketers makes the site
seem objective, gives companies
opportunities
to learn valuable information about the appeal of
other companies’
marketing, and may help
expand user traffic for all companies concerned.
The same dramatic technological changes that
have provided marketers with more (and
more
diverse) communications choices have also
increased the risk that passionate
consumers
will voice their opinions in quicker, more
visible, and much more damaging
hijacked
media are the opposite of earned media: an asset
or campaign
becomes hostage to consumers,
other stakeholders, or activists who make negative
allegations about a brand or product. Members
of social networks, for instance, are
learning
that they can hijack media to apply pressure on
the businesses that
originally created them.
If that happens, passionate consumers would
try to persuade others to boycott
products,
putting the reputation of the target company at
risk. In such a case, the
company’s
response may not be sufficiently quick or
thoughtful, and the learning
curve has been
steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some
of the damage from
its recall crisis earlier
this year with a relatively quick and well-
orchestrated
social-media response campaign,
which included efforts to engage with consumers
directly on sites such as Twitter and the
social-news site Digg.
31. Consumers may
create “earned” media when they are
[A]
obsessed with online shopping at certain Web
sites.
[B] inspired by product-promoting
e-mails sent to them.
[C] eager to help their
friends promote quality products.
[D]
enthusiastic about recommending their favorite
products.
32. According to Paragraph 2, sold
media feature
[A] a safe business environment.
[B] random competition.
[C] strong user
traffic. [D] flexibility in organization.
33.
The author indicates in Paragraph 3 that earned
media
[A] invite constant conflicts with
passionate consumers.
[B] can be used to
produce negative effects in marketing.
[C] may
be responsible for fiercer competition.
[D] deserve all the negative comments
about them.
34. Toyota Motor’s experience is
cited as an example of
[A] responding
effectively to hijacked media.
[B] persuading
customers into boycotting products.
[C]
cooperating with supportive consumers.
[D]
taking advantage of hijacked media.
35. Which
of the following is the text mainly about?
[A]
Alternatives to conventional paid media.
[B]
Conflict between hijacked and earned media.
[C] Dominance of hijacked media.
[D]
Popularity of owned media.
Text 4
It’s no
surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful,
provocative magazine cover
story, “I Love My
Children, I Hate My Life,” is arousing much
chatter – nothing
gets people talking like the
suggestion that child rearing is anything less
than
a completely fulfilling, life-enriching
experience. Rather than concluding that
children make parents either happy or
miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine
happiness: instead of thinking of it as
something that can be measured by
moment-to-moment joy, we should
consider being happy as a past-tense condition.
Even
though the day-to-day experience of
raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior
writes that “the very things that in the
moment dampen our moods can later be sources
of intense gratification and delight.”
The
magazine cover showing an attractive mother
holding a cute baby is hardly the
only
Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week.
There are also stories about
newly adoptive –
and newly single – mom Sandra Bullock, as well as
the usual
“Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news.
Practically every week features at least one
celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the
newsstands.
In a society that so persistently
celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that
admitting you regret having children is
equivalent to admitting you support
kitten-
killing? It doesn’t seem quite fair, then, to
compare the regrets of parents
to the regrets
of the childless. Unhappy parents rarely are
provoked to wonder if
they shouldn’t have had
kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered
with the
message that children are the single
most important thing in the world:obviously
their misery must be a direct result of the
gaping baby-size holes in their lives.
Of
course, the image of parenthood that celebrity
magazines like Us Weekly and People
present is
hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents
are single mothers like
Bullock. According to
several studies concluding that parents are less
happy than
childless couples, single parents
are the least happy of all. No shock there,
considering how much work it is to raise a kid
without a partner to lean on; yet
to
hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on
their “own” (read: with
round-the-clock help)
is a piece of cake.
It’s hard to imagine that
many people are dumb enough to want children just
because
Reese and Angelina make it look so
glamorous: most adults understand that a baby
is not a haircut. But it’s interesting to
wonder if the images we see every week
of
stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t
in some small, subconscious
way contributing
to our own dissatisfactions with the actual
experience, in the same
way that a small part
of us hoped getting “the Rachel” might make us
look just
a little bit like Jennifer Aniston.
36. Jennifer Senior suggests in her article
that raising a childcan bring
[A] temporary
delight. [B] enjoyment in progress.
[C]
happiness in retrospect. [D] lasting reward.
learn from Paragraph 2 that
[A] celebrity moms
are a permanent source for gossip.
[B] single
mothers with babies deserve greater attention.
[C] news about pregnant celebrities is
entertaining.
[D] having children is highly
valued by the public.
38. It is suggested in
Paragraph 3 that聽childless folks
[A]
are constantly exposed to criticism. [B] are
largely ignored by the media.
[C] fail to
fulfill their social responsibilities. [D] are
less likely to be
satisfied with their life.
ing to Paragraph 4, the message conveyed by
celebrity magazines is
[A] soothing. [B]
ambiguous.
[C] compensatory. [D] misleading.
of the following can be inferred from the
last paragraph?
[A] Having children
contributes little to the glamour of celebrity
moms.
[B] Celebrity moms have influenced our
attitude towards child rearing.
[C] Having
children intensifies our dissatisfaction with
life.
[D] We sometimes neglect the happiness
from child rearing.
Section II Reading
Comprehension;
Part A;
21.C 22.B 23.D 24.B
25.A 26.B 27.D 28.C 29.A 30.B 31.D 32.C 33.B 34.A
35.A 36.C 37.D
38.A 39.D 40.B
Part B
Directions:
The following
paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For
questions 41-45, you are
required to
reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text
by choosing from the
list A-G and filling them
into the numbered aphs E and G have been
correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER
SHEET 1. (10 points)
[A] No disciplines have
seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm
as the
humanities. You can, Mr Menand points
out, become a lawyer in three years and a
medical doctor in four. But the regular time
it takes to get a doctoral degree in
the
humanities is nine years. Not surprisingly, up to
half of all doctoral students
in English drop
out before getting their degrees.
[B] His
concern is mainly with the humanities: literature,
languages, philosophy
and so on. These are
disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of
American college
graduates now major in
business compared with only 2% in history and 4%
in English.
However, many leading American
universities want their undergraduates to have a
grounding in the basic canon of ideas that
every educated person should possess.
But most
find it difficult to agree on what a “general
education” should look like.
At Harvard, Mr
Menand notes, “the great books are read because
they have been read”
– they form a sort of
social glue.
[C] Equally unsurprisingly, only
about half end up with professorships for which
they entered graduate school. There are simply
too few posts. This is partly because
universities continue to produce ever more
PhDs. But fewer students want to study
humanities subjects: English departments
awarded more bachelor’s degrees in 1970-71
than they did 20 years later. Fewer students
require fewer teachers. So, at the end
of a decade of thesis-writing, many
humanities students leave the profession to do
something for which they have not been
trained.
[D] One reason why it is hard to
design and teach such courses is that they cut
across
the insistence by top American
universities that liberal-arts education and
professional education should be kept
separate, taught in different schools. Many
students experience both varieties. Although
more than half of Harvard
undergraduates end
up in law, medicine or business, future doctors
and lawyers must
study a non-specialist
liberal-arts degree before embarking on a
professional
qualification.
[E] Besides
professionalising the professions by this
separation, top American
universities have
professionalised the professor. The growth in
public money for
academic research has speeded
the process: federal research grants rose fourfold
between 1960 and 1990, but faculty teaching
hours fell by half as research took its
toll.
Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a
doctoral degree into a
prerequisite for a
successful academic career: as late as 1969 a
third of American
professors did not possess
one. But the key idea behind professionalisation,
argues
Mr Menand, is that “the knowledge and
skills needed for a particular specialisation
are transmissible but not transferable.” So
disciplines acquire a monopoly not just
over
the production of knowledge, but also over the
production of the producers of
knowledge.
[F] The key to reforming higher education,
concludes Mr Menand, is to alter the way
in
which “the producers of knowledge are produced.”
Otherwise, academics will
continue to
think dangerously alike, increasingly detached
from the societies which
they study,
investigate and criticise. “Academic inquiry, at
least in some fields,
may need to become less
exclusionary and more holistic.” Yet quite how
that happens,
Mr Menand does not say.
[G]
The subtle and intelligent little book The
Marketplace of Ideas: Reform and
Resistance in
the American University should be read by every
student thinking of
applying to take a
doctoral degree. They may then decide to go
elsewhere. For
something curious has been
happening in American universities, and Louis
Menand,
a professor of English at Harvard
University, captured it skillfully.
41. → 42.
→ E → 43. → 44. → 45.
Part B;
41.B 42.D
43.A 44.C 45.F;
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then
translate the underlined segments into
Chinese. Your translation should be written
clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
With
its theme that “Mind is the master weaver,”
creating our inner character and
outer
circumstances, the book As a Man Thinketh by James
Allen is an in-depth
exploration of the
central idea of self-help writing.
(46)
Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we
all share – that because
we are not robots we
therefore control our thoughts – and reveal its
erroneous
nature. Because most of us believe
that mind is separate from matter, we think that
thoughts can be hidden and made powerless;
this allows us to think one way and act
another. However, Allen believed that the
unconscious mind generates as much action
as
the conscious mind, and (47)while we may be able
to sustain the illusion of control
through the
conscious mind alone, in reality we are
continually faced with a question:
“Why cannot
I make myself do this or achieve that?”
Since
desire and will are damaged by the presence of
thoughts that do not accord
with desire, Allen
concluded: “We do not attract what we want, but
what we are.”
Achievement happens because you
as a person embody the external achievement; you
don’t “get”success but become it. There is no
gap between mind and matter.
Part of the fame
of Allen’s book is its contention that
“Circumstances do not make
a person, they
reveal him.” (48) This seems a justification for
neglect of those
in need, and a
rationalization of exploitation, of the
superiority of those at the
top and the
inferiority of those at the bottom.
This,
however, would be a knee-jerk reaction to a subtle
argument. Each set of
circumstances, however
bad, offers a unique opportunity for growth. If
circumstances
always determined the life and
prospects of people, then humanity would never
have
progressed. In fact, (49) circumstances
seem to be designed to bring out the best
in
us, and if we feel that we have been “wronged”
then we are unlikely to begin
a conscious
effort to escape from our situation. Nevertheless,
as any biographer
knows, a person’s
early life and its conditions are often the
greatest gift to an
individual.
The
sobering aspect of Allen’s book is that we have no
one else to blame for our
present condition
except ourselves. (50) The upside is the
possibilities contained
in knowing that
everything is up to us; where before we were
experts in the array
of limitations, now we
become authorities of what is possible.
Part C
Translation;
46. 我们每个人都认为：自己不是机器人，因此能够控制自己的思想;
爱伦的贡献在于他研
究了这一假说，并揭示其错误的本质。
47. 我们或许只通过意识就能
维持这种控制的幻觉，但事实上，我们却总是面临一个问题：
我们为什么不能让自己去做这件事情，实现
那个目标呢?
48.
这种说法似乎为忽视需要帮助的人找到了借口，使剥削合理化，令上层人优越，底层人
卑微。
49. 环境似乎旨在激发我们的最大潜能，如果我们总感觉“上天不公”，那么不太可能会自
觉地努力脱离现状。
50. 积极的一面是，既然万事都取决于我们，那么就有无限可能。以前，我们
能够熟练应对
种种局限;现在，我们把握着未来的可能。
Section III
Writing
Part A
51. Directions:
Write a letter to a friend of yours to
1)
recommend one of your favorite movies and
2)
give reasons for your recommendation.
You
should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the
letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.
Do not write
the address. (10 points)
51.小作文参考范文
小作文范文一：
Dear John,
I am writing,
without hesitation, to share one of my favorite
movies, Forest Gump,
with you, which is not
only conducive to your study, but also beneficial
to your
life.
For one thing, the beautiful
language in this original English movie may
contribute
to your study of English in
listening, speaking, reading and writing. For
another
thing, the profound cultural elements
implicit in the scene will equip you with
foreign cultural background and, above all,
enrich your daily life.
Would you like
to see this movie after my recommendation?
Remember to tell me your
opinion about the
movie. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Ming
Section III Writing
Part B
52. Directions:
Write an essay
of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.
In your essay, you
should
1) describe the
drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended
meaning, and
3) give your comments.
You
should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
52.大作文参考范文
The
terrible scene depicted in the cartoon shows that
some people in our life still
lack the
awareness of environmental protection. The picture
illustrates that two
tourists are chatting and
eating happily on a boat and casually throwing
their
rubbish into the lake which is full of
litter and waste. The drawing sets us thinking
too much due to its far-reaching influence.
Nowadays, though the awareness of protecting
environment is being accepted by more
and more
people, we can still see many unpleasant scenes
especially in scenic spots.
Why does this
phenomenon arise? Many factors are accounting for
it. First and
foremost, to some people, the
consciousness of protecting environment is still
not
so strong. They may not think it is a big
deal to throw rubbish everywhere. In addition,
the environmental management system isn’t so
satisfying. For example, in some places
there’re few regulations or the implementation
is seldom performed actually.
From what
has been discussed above, it is urgent to take
some effective and relative
measures. In the
first place, we should continue to conduct more
propaganda in
communities and schools so as to
let people realize the importance of protecting
environment. In the second, more rules should
be made and carried out by the
government to
restrain the conduction of destroying environment.
People should work
together to create clean
and beautiful surroundings.