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一、1980年联合国国际货物买卖合同公约
英文 中文
United Nations Convention on Contracts for 联合国国际货物销售合同公约
the International Sale of Goods

THE STATES PARTIES TO THIS CONVENTION,


1980年4月11日订于维也纳
BEARING IN MIND the broad objectives in the 本公约各缔约国铭记联合国大
resolutions adopted by the sixth special session 会第六届特别会议通过的关于建立
of the General Assembly of the United Nations on 新的国际经济秩序的各项决议的广
the establishment of a New International 泛目标，考虑到在平等互利基础上
Economic Order,
CONSIDERING that the development
发展国际贸易是促进各国间友好关
of 系的一个重要因素，认为采用照顾
international trade on the basis of equality and 到不同的社会、经济和法律制度的
mutual benefit is an important element in 国际货物销售合同统一规则，将有
promoting friendly relations among States, 助于减少国际贸易的法律障碍，促
BEING OF THE OPINION that the adoption of 进国际贸易的发展，兹协议如下：
uniform rules which govern contracts for the
international sale of goods and take into account
the different social, economic and legal systems
would contribute to the removal of legal barriers
in international trade and promote the
第一部分 适用范围和总则 development of international trade,
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HAVE DECREED as follows: 第一章 适用范围
PART I SPHERE OF APPLICATION AND GENERAL 第一条
PROVISIONS
Chapter I SPHERE OF APPLICATION
Article 1
（１）本公约适用于营业地在不同
国家的当事人之间所订立的货物销
售合同：
(1) This Convention applies to contracts of sale of （ａ）如果这些国家是缔约国；或
goods between parties whose places of business （ｂ）如果国际私法规则导致适用
are in different States:
(a) when the States are Contracting States; or
某一缔约国的法律。扩大适用，国
际私法规范
(b) when the rules of private international law
lead to the application of the law of a Contracting （２）当事人营业地在不同国家的
State. 事实，如果从合同或从订立合同前
(2) The fact that the parties have their places of 任何时候或订立合同时，当事人之
business in different States is to be disregarded 间的任何交易或当事人透露的情报
whenever this fact does not appear either from 均看不出，应不予考虑。
the contract or from any dealings between, or
from information disclosed by, the parties at any （３）在确定本公约的适用时，当
time before or at the conclusion of the contract. 事人的国籍和当事人或合同的民事
(3) Neither the nationality of the parties nor the 或商业性质，应不予考虑。
civil or commercial character of the parties or of （不是国籍标准）
the contract is to be taken into consideration in 第二条 本公约不适用于以下的
determining the application of this Convention. 销售：排除条件电令私卖船票
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Article 2
This Convention does not apply to sales:
（ａ）购供私人、家人 或家庭使用
的货物的销售，除非卖方在订立合
同前任何时候或订立合同时不知道
(a) of goods bought for personal, family or 而且没有理由知道这些货物是购供
household use, unless the seller, at any time 任何这种使用；消费者权益保护
before or at the conclusion of the contract, （ｂ）经由拍卖的销售；（特殊规则）
neither knew nor ought to have known that the （ｃ）根据法律执行令状或其它令
goods were bought for any such use;
(b) by auction;
状的销售；（特殊）
（ｄ）公债、股票、投资证券、流
(c) on execution or otherwise by authority of law; 通票据或货币的销售；金融法
(d) of stocks, shares, investment securities, （ｅ）船舶、船只、气垫船或飞机
negotiable instruments or money;
(e) of ships, vessels, hovercraft or aircraft;
(f) of electricity.



Article 3
的销售；（需要登记）
（ｆ）电力的销售。（无形）

第三条（货物）
（１）供应尚待制造或生产的货物
的合同应视为销售合同 ，除非订购
货物的当事人保证供应这种制造或
(1) Contracts for the supply of goods to be 生产所需的大部分重要材料。三来
manufactured or produced are to be considered 一补例外
sales unless the party who orders the goods （２）本公约不适用于供应货物一
undertakes to supply a substantial part of the 方的绝大部分义务在于供应劳力或
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materials necessary for such manufacture or 其它服务的合同。劳务例外
production.
(2) This Convention does not apply to contracts 第四条 各国不同
in which the preponderant part of the obligations 本公约只适用于销售合同的订立和
of the party who furnishes the goods consists in 卖方和买方因此种合同而产生的权
the supply of labour or other services.

Article 4
利和义务。特别是，本公约除非另
有明文规定，与以下事项无关：
（ａ）合同的效力，或其任何条款
This Convention governs only the formation of 的效力，或任何惯例的效力；
the contract of sale and the rights and （ｂ）合同对所售货物所有权可能
obligations of the seller and the buyer arising 产生的影响。
from such a contract. In particular, except as
otherwise expressly provided in this Convention, 有贸易术语的用贸易术语，没有的
it is not concerned with: 用公约
(a) the validity of the contract or of any of its
provisions or of any usage; 第五条
(b) the effect which the contract may have on the 本公约不适用于卖方对于货物对任
property in the goods sold.（法国是 合同订立时转
移，德国另外订立物权合同，美国是特定化后转移所
何人所造成的死亡或伤害的责 任。
产品责任例外
有权，英国是特定化后在以当事人的意图决定所有权，
我国是动产按照占用交货时转移，不动产按登记。）

第六条 约定免除
双方当事人可以不适用本公约，或
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Article 5 在第十二条的条件下，减损本公约
This Convention does not apply to the liability of 的任何规定或改变其效力。
the seller for death or personal injury caused by
the goods to any person.
Article 6
第二章 总则
第七条条约的解释
The parties may exclude the application of this （１）在解释本公约时，应考虑到
Convention or, subject to article 12, derogate 本公约的国际性质和促进其适用的
from or vary the effect of any of its provisions.

Chapter II GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 7
统一以及在国际贸易上遵守诚信的
需要。
（２）凡本公约未明确解决的属于
本公约范围的问题，应按照本公约
(1) In the interpretation of this Convention, 所依据的一般原则来解决，在没有
regard is to be had to its international character 一般原则的情况下，则应按照国际
and to the need to promote uniformity in its 私法规定适用的法律来解决。
application and the observance of good faith in
international trade.
(2) Questions concerning matters governed by 第八条
this Convention which are not expressly settled in （１）为本公约的目的，一方当事
it are to be settled in conformity with the general 人所作的声明和其它行为，应依照
principles on which it is based or, in the absence 他的意旨解释，如果另一方当事人
of such principles, in conformity with the law 已知道或者不可能不知道此一意
applicable by virtue of the rules of private 旨。
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international law.

Article 8
（２）如 果上一款的规定不适用，
当事人所作的声明和其它行为，应
按照一个与另一方当事人同等资(1) For the purposes of this Convention 格、通情达理的人处于相同情况中，
statements made by and other conduct of a party 应有的理解来解释。
are to be interpreted according to his intent （３）在确定一方当事人的意旨或
where the other party knew or could not have 一个通情达理的人应有的理解时，
been unaware what that intent was. 应适当地考虑到与事实有关的一切
(2) If the preceding paragraph is not applicable, 情况，包括谈判情形、当事人之间
statements made by and other conduct of a party 确立的任何习惯作法、惯例和当事
are to be interpreted according to the 人其后的任何行为。
understanding that a reasonable person of the
same kind as the other party would have had in 第九条
the same circumstances. （１）双方当事人业已同意的任何
(3) In determining the intent of a party or the 惯例和他们之间确立的任何习惯做
understanding a reasonable person would have 法，对双方当事人均有约束力。
had, due consideration is to be given to all （２）除非另有协议，双方当事人
relevant circumstances of the case including the 应视为已默示地同意对他们的合同
negotiations, any practices which the parties 或合同的订立适用双方当事人已知
have established between themselves, usages 道或理应知道的惯例，而这种惯例，
and any subsequent conduct of the parties.

在国际贸易上，已为有关特定贸易
所涉同类合同的当事人所广泛知道
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Article 9 并为他们所经常遵守。
(1) The parties are bound by any usage to which
they have agreed and by any practices which they 第十条 为本公约的目的：
have established between themselves. （ａ）如果当事人有一个以上的营
(2) The parties are considered, unless otherwise 业地，则以与合同及合同的履行关
agreed, to have impliedly made applicable to 系最密切的营业地为其营业地，但
their contract or its formation a usage of which 要考虑到双方当事人在订立合同前
the parties knew or ought to have known and 任何时候或订立合同时所知道或所
which in international trade is widely known to, 设想的情况；
and regularly observed by, parties to contracts of （ｂ）如果当事人没有营业地，则
the type involved in the particular trade 以其惯常居住地为准。
concerned.

Article 10
For the purposes of this Convention:

第十一条 合同形式
销售合同无须以书面订立或书面证
明，在形式方面也不受任何其它条
(a) if a party has more than one place of business, 件的限制。销售合同可以用包括人
the place of business is that which has the closest 证在内的任何方法证明。
relationship to the contract and its performance,
having regard to the circumstances known to or 第十二条
contemplated by the parties at any time before 本公约第十一条、第二十九条或第
or at the conclusion of the contract; 二部分准许销售合同或其更改或根
(b) if a party does not have a place of business, 据协议终止，或者任何要约、承诺
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reference is to be made to his habitual 或其它意旨表示得以书面以外任何
residence.



Article 11
形式做出的任何规定不适用，如果< br>任何一方当事人的营业地是在已按
照本公约第九十六条做出了声明的
一个缔约国内，各当 事人不得减损
本条或改变其效力。
A contract of sale need not be concluded in or
evidenced by writing and is not subject to any 第十三条
other requirement as to form. It may be proved 为本公约的目的，“书面”包括电报
by any means, including witnesses.

Article 12
和电传。

第二部分 合同的订立 重点
Any provision of article 11, article 29 or Part II of 第十四条要约定义
this Convention that allows a contract of sale or （１）向一个或一个以上特定的人
its modification or termination by agreement or 提出的订立合同的建议，如果十分
any offer, acceptance or other indication of 确定并且表明要约人在得到承诺
intention to be made in any form other than in 时承受约束的意旨，即构成要约。
writing does not apply where any party has his 一个建议如果写明货物并且明示或
place of business in a Contracting State which has 暗示地规定数量和价格或规定如何
made a declaration under article 96 of this 确定数量和价格，即为十分确定。
Convention. The parties may not derogate from 不包括交货时间等
or vary the effect or this article. （２）非向一个或一个以上特定的
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Article 13
人提出的建议，仅应视为要约邀请，
除非提出建议的人明确地表示相反
For the purposes of this Convention 的意向。
includes telegram and telex.

PART II FORMATION OF THE CONTRACT
Article 14

第十五条要约生效
（１）要约于送达被要约人时生效。
（２）一项要约，即使是不可撤销
(1) A proposal for concluding a contract 的，得予撤回，如果撤回通知于要
addressed to one or more specific persons 约送达被要约人之前或同时，送达
constitutes an offer if it is sufficiently definite and 被要约人。
indicates the intention of the offer or to be
bound in case of acceptance. A proposal is 第十六条要约撤销
sufficiently definite if it indicates the goods and （１）在未订立合同之前，要约得
expressly or implicitly fixes or makes provision for 予撤销，如果撤销通知于被要约人
determining the quantity and the price. 发出承诺 通知之前送达被要约人。
(2) A proposal other than one addressed to one （２）但在下列情况下，要约不得
or more specific persons is to be considered 撤销：
merely as an invitation to make offers, unless the （ａ）要约写明承诺期限或以其它
contrary is clearly indicated by the person 方式表示要约是不可撤销的；或
making the proposal.


（ｂ）被要约人有理由信赖该项要
约是不可撤销的 ，而且被要约人已
本着对该项要约的信赖行事。公平
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Article 15 原则
(1) An offer becomes effective when it reaches
the offeree. 第十七条 要约终止
(2) An offer, even if it is irrevocable, may be 要约，即使是不可撤销的，于拒绝
withdrawn if the withdrawal reaches the offeree 通知送达要约人时终止。
before or at the same time as the offer.

Article 16

第十八条承诺定义
（１）被要约人声明或做出其它行
(1) Until a contract is concluded an offer may be 为表示同意一项要约，即是承诺 ，
revoked if the revocation reaches the offeree 缄默或不行动本身不等于承诺 。
before he has dispatched an acceptance.
(2) However, an offer cannot be revoked:
（２）承诺于表示同意的通知送达
要约人时生效。如果表示同意的通
(a) if it indicates, whether by stating a fixed time 知在要约人所规定的时间内，如未
for acceptance or otherwise, that it is irrevocable; 规定时间，在一段合理的时间内，
or 未曾送达要约人，承诺就成为无效，
(b) if it was reasonable for the offeree to rely on 但须适当地考虑到交易的情况，包
the offer as being irrevocable and the offeree has 括要约人所使用的通讯方法的迅速
acted in reliance on the offer.


Article 17
程序。对口头要约必须立即承诺 ，
但情况有别者不在此限。
（３）但是，如果根据该项要约或
依照当事人之间确立的习惯作法和
An offer, even if it is irrevocable, is terminated 惯例，被要约人可以做出某种行为，
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when a rejection reaches the offeror.


Article 18
例如与发运货物或支付价款有关的
行为，来表示同 意，而无须向要约
人发出通知，则承诺于该项行为做
出时生效，但该项行为必须在上一
(1) A statement made by or other conduct of the 款所规定的期间内做出。 传统做法
offeree indicating assent to an offer is an
acceptance. Silence or inactivity does not in itself 第十九条镜子反射
amount to acceptance. （１）对要约表示承诺 但载有添
(2) An acceptance of an offer becomes effective 加、限制或其它更改的答复，即为
at the moment the indication of assent reaches 拒绝该项要约，并构成反要约。
the offeror. An acceptance is not effective if the （２）但是，对要约表示承诺 但载
indication of assent does not reach the offeror 有添加或不同条件的答复，如所载
within the time he has fixed or, if no time is fixed, 的添加或不同条件在实质上并不变
within a reasonable time, due account being 更该项要约的条件，除要约人在不
taken of the circumstances of the transaction, 过分迟延的期间内以口头或书面通
including the rapidity of the means of 知反对其间的差异外，仍构成承
communication employed by the offeror. An oral 诺 。如果要约人不做出这种反对，
offer must be accepted immediately unless the 合同的条件就以该项要约的条件以
circumstances indicate otherwise. 及承诺 通知内所载的更改为准。
(3) However, if, by virtue of the offer or as a result （３）有关货物价格、付款、货物
of practices which the parties have established 质量和数量、交货地点和时间、一
between themselves or of usage, the offeree may 方当事人对另一方当事人的赔偿责
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indicate assent by performing an act, such as one 任范围或解决争端等等的添加或不
relating to the dispatch of the goods or payment 同条件，均视为在实质上变更要约
of the price, without notice to the offeror, the 的条件。
acceptance is effective at the moment the act is
performed, provided that the act is performed
within the period of time laid down in the 第二十条承诺期间
preceding paragraph.

Article 19
（１）要约人在电报或信件内规定
的承诺期间，从电报交发时 刻或信
上载明的发信日期起算，如信上未
(1) A reply to an offer which purports to be an 载明发信日期，则从信封上所载日
acceptance but contains additions, limitations or 期起算。要约人以电话、电传或其
other modifications is a rejection of the offer and 它快速通讯方法规定的承诺 期间，
constitutes a counter-offer. 从要约送达被要约人时起算。
(2) However, a reply to an offer which purports to （２）在计算承诺期间时，承诺期
be an acceptance but contains additional or 间内的正式假日或非营业日应计算
different terms which do not materially alter the 在内。但是，如果承诺 通知在承诺
terms of the offer constitutes an acceptance, 期间的最后１天未能送到要约人地
unless the offeror, without undue delay, objects 址，因为那天在要约人营业地是正
orally to the discrepancy or dispatches a notice to 式假日或非营业日，则承诺期间应
that effect. If he does not so object, the terms of 顺延至下一个营业日。
the contract are the terms of the offer with the
modifications contained in the acceptance.
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(2) Additional or different terms relating, among
other things, to the price, payment, quality and 第二十一条
quantity of the goods, place and time of delivery, （１）逾期承诺 仍有承诺的效力，
extent of one party's liability to the other or the 如果要约人毫不迟延地用口头或书
settlement of disputes are considered to alter the 面将此种意见通知被要约人。一般
terms of the offer materially.




Article 20
无效，除非通知
（２）如果载有逾期承诺的信件或
其它书面文件表明，它是在传递正
常、能及时送达要约人的情况下寄
发的，则该项逾期承诺具有 承诺的
效力，除非要约人毫不迟延地用口
(1) A period of time for acceptance fixed by the 头或书面通知被要约人：他认为他
offeror in a telegram or a letter begins to run 的要约已经失效。正常能到，通知
from the moment the telegram is handed in for 无效
dispatch or from the date shown on the letter or,
if no such date is shown, from the date shown on 第二十二条
the envelope. A period of time for acceptance 承诺得予撤回，如果撤回通知于承
fixed by the offeror by telephone, telex or other 诺原应生效之前或同时，送达要约
means of instantaneous communication, begins 人。
to run from the moment that the offer reaches
the offeree. 第二十三条
(2) Official holidays or non-business days 合同于按照本公约规定对要约的承
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occurring during the period for acceptance are 诺生效时订立。
included in calculating the period. However, if a
notice of acceptance cannot be delivered at the
address of the offeror on the last day of the 第二十四条
period because that day falls on an official 为公约本部分的目的，要约、承诺
holiday or a non-business day at the place of 声明或任何其它意旨表示“送达”
business of the offeror, the period is extended 对方，系指用口头通知对方或通过
until the first business day which follows.

Article 21
任何其它方法送交对方本人，或其
营业地或通讯地址，如无营业地或
通讯地址， 则送交对方惯常居住地。
(1) A late acceptance is nevertheless effective as
an acceptance if without delay the offeror orally
so informs the offeree or dispatches a notice to 第三部分 货物销售
that effect. 第一节 总则
(2) If a letter or other writing containing a late 第二十五条
acceptance shows that it has been sent in such 一方当事人违反合同的结果，如使
circumstances that if its transmission had been 另一方当事人蒙受损害，以致于实
normal it would have reached the offeror in due 际上剥夺了他根据合同规定有权期
time, the late acceptance is effective as an 待得到的东西，即为根本违反合
acceptance unless, without delay, the offeror 同，除非违反合同一方并不预知而
orally informs the offeree that he considers his 且一个同等资格、通情达理的人处
offer as having lapsed or dispatches a notice to 于相同情况中也没有理由预知会发
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that effect.



Article 22
生这种结果。

第二十六条
宣告合同无效的声明，必须向另一
方当事人发出通知，方始有效。
An acceptance may be withdrawn if the
withdrawal reaches the offeror before or at the
same time as the acceptance would have become 第二十七条
effective.

Article 23
除非公约本部分另有明文 规定，当
事人按照本部分的规定，以适合情
况的方法发出任何通知、要求或其
A contract is concluded at the moment when an 它通知后，这种通知如在传递上发
acceptance of an offer becomes effective in 生耽搁或错误，或者未能到达，并
accordance
Convention.

Article 24
with the provisions of this 不使该当事人丧失依靠该项通知的
权利。


For the purposes of this Part of the Convention, 第二十八条
an offer, declaration of acceptance or any other 如果按照本公约的规定，一方当事
indication of intention the addressee 人有权要求另一方当事人履行某一
when it is made orally to him or delivered by any 义务，法院没有义务做出判决，要
other means to him personally, to his place of 求具体履行此一义务，除非法院依
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business or mailing address or, if he does not 照其本身的法律对不属本公约范围
have a place of business or mailing address, to his 的类似销售合同愿意这样做。
habitual residence.

PART III SALE OF GOODS
Chapter I GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 25

第二十九条
（１）合同只需双方当事人协议，
就可更改或终止。
（２）规定任何更改或根据协议终
A breach of contract committed by one of the 止必须以书面做出的书面合同，不
parties is fundamental if it results in such 得以任何其它方式更改或根据协议
detriment to the other party as substantially to 终止。但是，一方当事人的行为，
deprive him of what he is entitled to expect 如经另一方当事人寄以信赖，就不
under the contract, unless the party in breach did 得坚持此项规定。
not foresee and a reasonable person of the same
kind in the same circumstances would not have 第二章 卖方的义务
foreseen such a result.


Article 26
第三十条
卖方必须按照合同和本公约的规
定，交付货物，移交一切与货 物有
关的单据并转移货物所有权。
A declaration of avoidance of the contract is
effective only if made by notice to the other
party.



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Article 27
第三十一条
如果卖方没有义务要在任何其它特
Unless otherwise expressly provided in this Part 定地点交付货物，他的交货义务如
of the Convention, if any notice, request or other 下：
communication is given or made by a party in （ａ）如果销售合同涉及到货物的
accordance with this Part and by means 运输，卖方应把货物移交给第一承
appropriate in the circumstances, a delay or error 运人，以运交给买方；
in the transmission of the communication or its （ｂ）在不属于上款规定的情况下，
failure to arrive does not deprive that party of the 如果合同指的是特定货物或从特定
right to rely on the communication.


Article 28
存货中提取的或尚待制造或生产的
未经特定化的货物，而双方 当事人
在订立合同时已知道这些货物是在
某一特定地点，或将在某一特定地
If, in accordance with the provisions of this 点制造或生产，卖方应在该地点把
Convention, one party is entitled to require 货物交给买方处置；
performance of any obligation by the other party, （ｃ）在其它情况下，卖方应在他
a court is not bound to enter a judgement for 于订立合同时的营业地把货物交给
specific performance unless the court would do 买方处置。
so under its own law in respect of similar
contracts of sale not governed by this 第三十二条
Convention.

（１）如果卖方按照合同或本公约
的规定将货物交付给承运人，但货
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Article 29 物没有以货物上加标记、或以装运
(1) A contract may be modified or terminated by 单据或其它方式清楚地注明有关合
the mere agreement of the parties. 同，卖方必须向买方发出列明货物
(2) A contract in writing which contains a 的发货通知。
provision requiring any modification or （２）如果卖方有义务安排货物的
termination by agreement to be in writing may 运输，他必须订立必要的合同，以
not be otherwise modified or terminated by 按照通常运输条件，用适合情况的
agreement. However, a party may be precluded 运输工具，把货物运到指定地点。
by his conduct from asserting such a provision to （３）如果卖方没有义务对货物的
the extent that the other party has relied on that 运输办理保险，他必须在买方提出
conduct.

Chapter II OBLIGATIONS OF THE SELLER
Article 30
要求时，向买方提供一切现有的必
要资料，使他能够办理这种保险。


The seller must deliver the goods, hand over any
documents relating to them and transfer the 第三十三条
property in the goods, as required by the 卖方必须按以下规定的日期交付
contract and this Convention. 货物：
Section I. Delivery of the goods and handing over （ａ）如果合同规定有日期，或从
of documents


合同可以确定日期，应在该日期交
货；
（ｂ）如果合同规定有一段时间，
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Article 31 或从合同可以确定一段时间，除非
If the seller is not bound to deliver the goods at 情况表明应由买方选定一个日期
any other particular place, his obligation to 外，应在该段时间内任何时候交货；
deliver consists: 或者
(a) if the contract of sale involves carriage of the （ｃ）在其它情况下，应在订立合
goods - in handing the goods over to the first 同后一段合理时间内交货。
carrier for transmission to the buyer;
(b) if, in cases not within the preceding 第三十四条
subparagraph, the contract relates to specific 如果卖方有义务移交与货物有关
goods, or unidentified goods to be drawn from a 的单据，他必须按照合同所规定的
specific stock or to be manufactured or 时间、地点和方式移交这些单据。
produced, and at the time of the conclusion of 如果卖方在那个时间以前已移交这
the contract the parties knew that the goods 些单据，他可以在那个时间到达前
were at, or were to be manufactured or produced 纠正单据中任何不符合同规定的情
at, a particular place - in placing the goods at the 形，但是，此一权利的行使不得使
buyer's disposal at that place; 买方遭受不合理的不便或承担不合
(c) in other cases - in placing the goods at the 理的开支。但是，买方保留本公约
buyer's disposal at the place where the seller had 所规定的要求损害赔偿的任何权
his place of business at the time of the conclusion 利。象征性交货
of the contract.



第二节 货物相符与第三方要求
第三十五条
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Article 32 （１）卖方交付的货物必须与合同
(1) If the seller, in accordance with the contract or 所规定的数量、质量和规格相符，
this Convention, hands the goods over to a 并须按照合同所规定的方式装箱或
carrier and if the goods are not clearly identified 包装。
to the contract by markings on the goods, by （２）除双方当事人业已另有协议
shipping documents or otherwise, the seller must 外，货物除非符合以下规定，否则
give the buyer notice of the consignment 即为与合同不符：
specifying the goods. （ａ）货物适用于同一规格货物通
(2) If the seller is bound to arrange for carriage of 常使用的目的；
the goods, he must make such contracts as are （ｂ）货物适用于订立合同时曾明
necessary for carriage to the place fixed by 示或默示地通知卖方的任何特定目
means of transportation appropriate in the 的，除非情况表明买方并不依赖卖
circumstances and according to the usual terms 方的技能和判断力，或者这种依赖
for such transportation. 对他是不合理的；
(3) If the seller is not bound to effect insurance in （ｃ）货物的质量与卖方向买方提
respect of the carriage of the goods, he must, at 供的货物样品或样式相同；
the buyer's request, provide him with all available （ｄ）货物按照同类货物通用的方
information necessary to enable him to effect 式装箱或包装，如果没有此种通用
such insurance.


Article 33
方式，则按照足以保全和保护货物
的方式装箱或包装。
（３）如果买方在订立合同时知道
或者不可能不知道货物不符合同，
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The seller must deliver the goods: 卖方就无须按上一款（ａ）项至（ｄ）
(a) if a date is fixed by or determinable from the 项负有此种不符合同的责任。
contract, on that date;
(b) if a period of time is fixed by or determinable 第三十六条
from the contract, at any time within that period （１）卖方应按照合同和本公约的
unless circumstances indicate that the buyer is to 规定，对风险移转到买方时所存在
choose a date; or 的任何不符合同情形，负有责任，
(c) in any other case, within a reasonable time 即使这种不符合同情形在该时间后
after the conclusion of the contract.




Article 34
方始明显。
（２）卖方对在上一款所述时间后< br>发生的任何不符合同情形，也应负
有责任，如果这种不符合同情形是
由于卖方违反他的某 项义务所致，
包括违反关于在一段时间内货物将
If the seller is bound to hand over documents 继续适用于其通常使用的目的或某
relating to the goods, he must hand them over at 种特定目的，或将保持某种特定质
the time and place and in the form required by 量或性质的任何保证。
the contract. If the seller has handed over
documents before that time, he may, up to that 第三十七条
time, cure any lack of conformity in the 如果卖方在交货日期前交付货物，
documents, if the exercise of this right does not 他可以在那个日期到达前，交付任
cause the buyer unreasonable inconvenience or 何缺漏部分或补足所交付货物的不
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unreasonable expense. However, the buyer 足数量，或交付用以替换所交付不
retains any right to claim damages as provided 符合同规定的货物，或对所交付货
for in this Convention.


物中任何不符合同规定的情形做出
补救，但是 ，此一权利的行使不得
使买方遭受不合理的不便或承担不
Section II. Conformity of the goods and third 合理的开支。但是，买方保留本公
party claims
Article 35
约所规定的要求损害赔偿的任何权
利。
(1) The seller must deliver goods which are of the
quantity, quality and description required by the 第三十八条
contract and which are contained or packaged in （１）买方必须在按情况实际可行
the manner required by the contract. 的最短时间内检验货物或由他人检
(2) Except where the parties have agreed 验货物。
otherwise, the goods do not conform with the （２）如果合同涉及到货物的运输，
contract unless they: 检验可推迟到货物到达目的地后进
(a) are fit for the purposes for which goods of the 行。
same description would ordinarily be used; （３）如果货物在运输途中改运或
(b) are fit for any particular purpose expressly or 买方须再发运货物，没有合理机会
impliedly made known to the seller at the time of 加以检验，而卖方在订立合同时已
the conclusion of the contract, except where the 知道或理应知道这种改运或再发运
circumstances show that the buyer did not rely, 的可能性，检验可推迟到货物到达
or that it was unreasonable for him to rely, on the 新目的地后进行。
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seller's skill and judgement;
(c) possess the qualities of goods which the seller
has held out to the buyer as a sample or model; 第三十九条
(d) are contained or packaged in the manner （１）买方对货物不符合同，必须
usual for such goods or, where there is no such 在发现或理应发现不符情形后一段
manner, in a manner adequate to preserve and 合理时间内通知卖方，说明不符合
protect the goods. 同情形的性质，否则就丧失声称货
(3) The seller is not liable under subparagraphs 物不符合同的权利。
(a) to (d) of the preceding paragraph for any lack （２）无论如何，如果买方不在实
of conformity of the goods if at the time of the 际收到货物之日起两年内将货物不
conclusion of the contract the buyer knew or 符合同情形通知卖方，他就丧失声
could not have been unaware of such lack of 称货物不符合同的权利，除非这一
conformity.


Article 36
时限与合同规定的保证期限不符。


第四十条
(1) The seller is liable in accordance with the 如果货物不符合同规定指的是卖方
contract and this Convention for any lack of 已知道或不可能不知道而又没有告
conformity which exists at the time when the risk 知买方的一些事实，则卖方无权援
passes to the buyer, even though the lack of 引第三十八条和第三十九条的规
conformity becomes apparent only after that 定。
time.
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(2) The seller is also liable for any lack of 第四十一条 所有权担保
conformity which occurs after the time indicated 卖方所交付的货物，必须是第三方
in the preceding paragraph and which is due to a 不能提出任何权利或要求的货物，
breach of any of his obligations, including a 除非买方同意在这种权利或要求的
breach of any guarantee that for a period of time 条件下，收取货物。但是，如果这
the goods will remain fit for their ordinary 种权利或要求是以工业产权或其它
purpose or for some particular purpose or will 知识产权为基础的，卖方的义务应
retain specified qualities or characteristics.


Article 37
依照第四十二条的规定。

第四十二条知识产权担保
（１）卖方所交付的货物，必须是
If the seller has delivered goods before the date 第三方不能根据工业产权或其它知
for delivery, he may, up to that date, deliver any 识产权主张任何权利或要求的货
missing part or make up any deficiency in the 物，但以卖方在订立合同时已知道
quantity of the goods delivered, or deliver goods 或不可能不知道的权利或要求为
in replacement of any non- conforming goods 限，而且这种权利或要求根据以下
delivered or remedy any lack of conformity in the 国家的法律规定是以工业产权或其
goods delivered, provided that the exercise of 它知识产权为基础的：
this right does not cause the buyer unreasonable （ａ）如果双方当事人在订立合同
inconvenience or unreasonable expense. 时预期货物将在某一国境内转售或
However, the buyer retains any right to claim 做其它使用，则根据货物将在其境
damages as provided for in this Convention. 内转售或做其它使用的国家的法
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Article 38
律；
或者（ｂ）在任何其它情况下，根
据买方营业地所在国家的法律。
(1) The buyer must examine the goods, or cause （２）卖方在上一款中的义务不适
them to be examined, within as short a period as 用于以下情况：
is practicable in the circumstances. （ａ）买方在订立合同时已知道或
(2) If the contract involves carriage of the goods, 不可能不知道此项权利或要求；或
examination may be deferred until after the 者
goods have arrived at their destination. （ｂ）此项权利或要求的发生，是
(3) If the goods are redirected in transit or 由于卖方要遵照买方所提供的技术
redispatched by the buyer without a reasonable 图样、图案、程式或其它规格。
opportunity for examination by him and at the
time of the conclusion of the contract the seller 第四十三条
knew or ought to have known of the possibility of （１）买方如果不在已知道或理应
such redirection or redispatch, examination may 知道第三方的权利或要求后一段合
be deferred until after the goods have arrived at 理时间内，将此一权利或要求的性
the new destination.

Article 39
质通知卖方，就丧失援引第四十一
条或第四十二条规定的权利。
（２）卖方如果知道第三方的权利
(1) The buyer loses the right to rely on a lack of 或要求以及此一权利或要求的性
conformity of the goods if he does not give 质，就无权援引上一款的规定。
notice to the seller specifying the nature of the
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lack of conformity within a reasonable time after 第四十四条
he has discovered it or ought to have discovered 尽管有第三十九条第（１）款和第
it. 四十三条第（１）款的规定，买方
(2) In any event, the buyer loses the right to rely 如果对他未发出所需的通知具备合
on a lack of conformity of the goods if he does 理的理由，仍可按照第五十条规定
not give the seller notice thereof at the latest 减低价格，或要求利润损失以外的
within a period of two years from the date on 损害赔偿。
which the goods were actually handed over to
the buyer, unless this time-limit is inconsistent
with a contractual period of guarantee.

Article 40
第三节 卖方违反合同的补救办法
第四十五条
（１）如果卖方不履行他在合同和
The seller is not entitled to rely on the provisions 本公约中的任何义务，买方可以：
of articles 38 and 39 if the lack of conformity （ａ）行使第四十六条至第五十二
relates to facts of which he knew or could not 条所规定的权利；
have been unaware and which he did not disclose （ｂ）按照第七十四条至第七十七
to the buyer.


Article 41
条的规定，要求损害赔偿。
（２）买方可能享有的要求损害 赔
偿的任何权利，不因他行使采取其
它补救办法的权利而丧失。
The seller must deliver goods which are free from （３）如果买方对违反合同采取某
any right or claim of a third party, unless the 种补救办法，法院或仲裁庭不得给
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buyer agreed to take the goods subject to that 予卖方宽限期。
right or claim. However, if such right or claim is
based on industrial property or other intellectual
property, the seller's obligation is governed by 第四十六条
article 42.


Article 42
（１）买方可以要求卖方履行义务，
除非买方已采取与此一要求相抵触
的某种补救办法 。
（２）如果货物不符合同，买方只
(1) The seller must deliver goods which are free 有在此种不符合同情形构成根本违
from any right or claim of a third party based on 反合同时，才可以要求交付替代货
industrial property or other intellectual property, 物，而且关于替代货物的要求，必
of which at the time of the conclusion of the 须与依照第三十九条发出的通知同
contract the seller knew or could not have been 时提出，或者在该项通知发出后一
unaware, provided that the right or claim is based 段合理时间内提出。
on industrial property or other intellectual （３）如果货物不符合同，买方可
property: 以要求卖方通过修理对不符合同之
(a) under the law of the State where the goods 处做出补救，除非他考虑了所有情
will be resold or otherwise used, if it was 况之后，认为这样做是不合理的。
contemplated by the parties at the time of the 修理的要求必须与依照第三十九条
conclusion of the contract that the goods would 发出的通知同时提出，或者在该项
be resold or otherwise used in that State; or 通知发出后一段合理时间内提出。
(b) in any other case, under the law of the State
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where the buyer has his place of business.
(2) The obligation of the seller under the 第四十七条
preceding paragraph does not extend to cases （１）买方可以规定一段合理时限
where: 的额外时间，让卖方履行其义务。
(a) at the time of the conclusion of the contract （２）除非买方收到卖方的通知，
the buyer knew or could not have been unaware 声称他将不在所规定的时间内履行
of the right or claim; or 义务，买方在这段时间内不得对违
(b) the right or claim results from the seller's 反合同采取任何补救办法。但是，
compliance with technical drawings, designs, 买方并不因此丧失他对迟延履行义
formulae or other such specifications furnished 务可能享有的要求损害赔偿的任何
by the buyer.


Article 43
权利。

第四十八条
（１）在第四十九条的条件下，卖
(1) The buyer loses the right to rely on the 方即使在交货日期之后，仍可自付
provisions of article 41 or article 42 if he does not 费用，对任何不履行义务做出补救，
give notice to the seller specifying the nature of 但这种补救不得造成不合理的迟
the right or claim of the third party within a 延，也不得使买方遭受不合理的不
reasonable time after he has become aware or 便，或无法确定卖方是否将偿付买
ought to have become aware of the right or 方预付的费用。但是，买方保留本
claim. 公约所规定的要求损害赔偿的任何
(2) The seller is not entitled to rely on the 权利。
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provisions of the preceding paragraph if he knew （２）如果卖方要求买方表明他是
of the right or claim of the third party and the 否承诺 卖方履行义务，而买方不在
nature of it.

Article 44
一段合理时间内对此一要求做出答
复，则卖方可以按其要求中所指明
的时间履行义务。买方不得在该段
Notwithstand ing the provisions of paragraph (1) 时间内采取与卖方履行义务相抵触
of article 39 and paragraph (1) of article 43, the 的任何补救办法。
buyer may reduce the price in accordance with （３）卖方表明他将在某一特定时
article 50 or claim damages, except for loss of 间内履行义务的通知，应视为包括
profit, if he has a reasonable excuse for his failure 根据上一款规定要买方表明决定的
to give the required notice.



要求在内。
（４）卖方按照本条第（２）和第
（３ ）款做出的要求或通知，必须
在买方收到后，始生效力。
Section III. Remedies for breach of contract by
the seller
Article 45
第四十九条
（１）买方在以下情况下可以宣告
(1) If the seller fails to perform any of his 合同无效：
obligations under the contract or this （ａ）卖方不履行其在合同或本公
约中的任何义务，等于根本违反合Convention, the buyer may:
(a) exercise the rights provided in articles 46 to 同；或
52; （ｂ）如果发生不交货的情况，卖
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(b) claim damages as provided in articles 74 to 方不在买方按照第四十七条第（１）
77. 款规定的额外时间内交付货物，或
(2) The buyer is not deprived of any right he may 卖方声明他将不在所规定的时间内
have to claim damages by exercising his right to 交付货物。合理时间后仍不履行。
other remedies. （２）但是，如果卖方已交付货物，
(3) No period of grace may be granted to the 买方就丧失宣告合同无效的权利，
seller by a court or arbitral tribunal when the 除非：
buyer resorts to a remedy for breach of contract. （ａ）对于迟延交货，他在知道交





Article 46
货后一段合理时间内这样做；
（ｂ）对于迟延交货以外的任何违
反合同事情：
（一）他在已知道或理应知道这种
违反合同后一段合理时间内这样
做；或
(1) The buyer may require performance by the （二）他在买方按照第四十七条第
seller of his obligations unless the buyer has （１）款规定的任何额外时间满期
resorted to a remedy which is inconsistent with 后，或在卖方声明他将不在这一额
this requirement. 外时间履行义务后一段合理时间内
(2) If the goods do not conform with the contract, 这样做；或
the buyer may require delivery of substitute （三）他在卖方按照第四十八条第
goods only if the lack of conformity constitutes a （２）款指明的任何额外时间满期
fundamental breach of contract and a request for 后，或在买方声明他将不承诺 卖方
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substitute goods is made either in conjunction 履行义务后一段合理时间内这样
with notice given under article 39 or within a 做。
reasonable time thereafter.
(3) If the goods do not conform with the contract,
the buyer may require the seller to remedy the 第五十条
lack of conformity by repair, unless this is 如果货物不符合同，不论价款是否
unreasonable having regard to all the 已付，买方都可以减低价格，减价
circumstances. A request for repair must be made 按实际交付的货物在交货时的价值
either in conjunction with notice given under 与符合合同的货物在当时的价值两
article 39 or within a reasonable time thereafter.



Article 47
者之间的比例计算。但是，如果卖
方按照第三十七 条或第四十八条的
规定对任何不履行义务做出补救，
或者买方拒绝承诺 卖方按照该两
条规定履行义务，则买方不得减低
(1) The buyer may fix an additional period of time 价格。
of reasonable length for performance by the
seller of his obligations. 第五十一条
(2) Unless the buyer has received notice from the （１）如果卖方只交付一部分货物，
seller that he will not perform within the period 或者交付的货物中只有一部分符合
so fixed, the buyer may not, during that period, 合同规定，第四十六条至第五十条
resort to any remedy for breach of contract. 的规定适用于缺漏部分及不符合同
However, the buyer is not deprived thereby of 规定部分的货物。
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any right he may have to claim damages for delay （２）买方只有在完全不交付货物
in performance.


Article 48
或不按照合同规定交付货物等于根
本违反合同时，才可以宣告整个合
同无效。

(1) Subject to article 49, the seller may, even after 第五十二条
the date for delivery, remedy at his own expense （１）如果卖方在规定的日期前交
any failure to perform his obligations, if he can 付货物，买方可以收取货物，也可
do so without unreasonable delay and without 以拒绝收取货物。
causing the buyer unreasonable inconvenience （２）如果卖方交付的货物数量大
or uncertainty of reimbursement by the seller of 于合同规定的数量，买方可以收取
expenses advanced by the buyer. However, the 也可以拒绝收取多交部分的货物。
buyer retains any right to claim damages as 如果买方收取多交部分货物的全部
provided for in this Convention. 或一部分，他必须按合同价格付款。
(2) If the seller requests the buyer to make known
whether he will accept performance and the 第三章 买方的义务
buyer does not comply with the request within a 第五十三条
reasonable time, the seller may perform within 买方必须按照合同和本公约规定支
the time indicated in his request. The buyer may 付货物价款和收取货物。
not, during that period of time, resort to any
remedy which is inconsistent with performance 第一节 支付价款
by the seller. 第五十四条
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(3) A notice by the seller that he will perform 买方支付价款的义务包括根据合同
within a specified period of time is assumed to 或任何有关法律和规章规定的步骤
include a request, under the preceding 和手续，以便支付价款。
paragraph, that the buyer make known his
decision.
(3) A request or notice by the seller under 第五十五条
paragraph (2) or (3) of this article is not 如果合同已有效的订立，但没有明
effective unless received by the buyer.


Article 49
(1) The buyer may declare the contract avoided:
示或暗示地规 定价格或规定如何确
定价格，在没有任何相反表示的情
况下，双方当事人应视为已默示地
引用订立合同时此种货物在有关贸
易的类似情况下销售的通常价格。
(a) if the failure by the seller to perform any of his
obligations under the contract or this Convention
amounts to a fundamental breach of contract; or
(b) in case of non-delivery, if the seller does not 第五十六条
deliver the goods within the additional period of 如果价格是按货物的重量规定的，
time fixed by the buyer in accordance with 如有疑问，应按净重确定。
paragraph (1) of article 47 or declares that he will
not deliver within the period so fixed.
(2) However, in cases where the seller has 第五十七条
delivered the goods, the buyer loses the right to （１）如果买方没有义务在任何其
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declare the contract avoided unless he does s 它特定地点支付价款，他必须在以
(a) in respect of late delivery, within a reasonable 下地点向卖方支付价款：
time after he has become aware that delivery has （ａ）卖方的营业地；或者
been made; （ｂ）如凭移交货物或单据支付价
(b) in respect of any breach other than late 款，则为移交货物或单据的地点。
delivery, within a reasonable time: （２）卖方必须承担因其营业地在
(i) after he knew or ought to have known of the 订立合同后发生变动而增加的支付
breach; 方面的有关费用。
(ii) after the expiration of any additional period of
time fixed by the buyer in accordance with 第五十八条
paragraph (1) of article 47, or after the seller has （１）如果买方没有义务在任何其
declared that he will not perform his obligations 它特定时间内支付价款，他必须于
within such an additional period; or 卖方按照合同和本公约规定将货物
(iii) after the expiration of any additional period 或控制货物处置权的单据交给买方
of time indicated by the seller in accordance with 处置时支付价款。卖方可以支付价
paragraph (2) of article 48, or after the buyer has 款作为移交货物或单据的条件。
declared that he will not accept performance.





（ ２）如果合同涉及到货物的运输，
卖方可以在支付价款后方可把货物
或控制货物处置权的单据移 交给买
方作为发运货物的条件。
（３）买方在未有机会检验货物前，
无义务支付价款，除非这种机会与
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Article 50
双方当事人议定的交货或支付程序
相抵触。

If the goods do not conform with the contract
and whether or not the price has already been
paid, the buyer may reduce the price in the same
proportion as the value that the goods actually 第五十九条
delivered had at the time of the delivery bears to 买方必须按合同和本公约规定的日
the value that conforming goods would have had 期或从合同和本公约可以确定的日
at that time. However, if the seller remedies any 期支付价款，而无需卖方提出任何
failure to perform his obligations in accordance 要求或办理任何手续。
with article 37 or article 48 or if the buyer refuses
to accept performance by the seller in 第二节 收取货物
accordance with those articles, the buyer may not 第六十条
reduce the price.

Article 51
买方收取货物的义务如下：
采取一切理应采取的行动，以期卖
方能交付货物；
(1) If the seller delivers only a part of the goods 和接收货物。
or if only a part of the goods delivered is in
conformity with the contract, articles 46 to 50
apply in respect of the part which is missing or 第三节 买方违反合同的补救办法
which does not conform. 第六十一条
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(2) The buyer may declare the contract avoided in （１）如果买方不履行他在合同和
its entirety only if the failure to make delivery 本公约中的任何义务，卖方可以：
completely or in conformity with the contract （ａ）行使第六十二条至第六十五
amounts to a fundamental breach of the 条所规定的权利；实际履行
contract.


Article 52
（ｂ）按照第七十四至第七十七条
的规定，要求损害赔偿。
（２）卖方可能享有的要求损害赔
偿的任何权利，不因他行使采取其
(1) If the seller delivers the goods before the date 它补救办法的权利而丧失。
fixed, the buyer may take delivery or refuse to （３）如果卖方对违反合同采取某
take delivery. 种补救办法，法院或仲裁庭不得给
(2) If the seller delivers a quantity of goods 予买方宽限期。
greater than that provided for in the contract, the
buyer may take delivery or refuse to take delivery 第六十二条
of the excess quantity. If the buyer takes delivery 卖方可以要求买方支付价款、收取
of all or part of the excess quantity, he must pay 货物或履行他的其它义务，除非卖
for it at the contract rate.


Chapter III OBLIGATIONS OF THE BUYER
Article 53
方已采取与此一要求相低触的某种
补救办法。

第六十三条
（１）卖方可以规定一段合理时限
The buyer must pay the price for the goods and 的额外时间，让买方履行义务。
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take delivery of them as required by the contract （２）除非卖方收到买方的通知，
and this Convention.
Section I. Payment of the price
Article 54
声称他将不在所规定的时间内履行
义务，卖方不得在这段时间内对违
反合同采取任何补 救办法。但是，
The buyer's obligation to pay the price includes 卖方并不因此丧失他对迟延履行义
taking such steps and complying with such 务可能享有的要求损害赔偿的任何
formalities as may be required under the contract 权利。
or any laws and regulations to enable payment to
be made.

Article 55
第六十四条
（１）卖方在以下情况下可以宣告
合同无效：
Where a contract has been validly concluded but （ａ）买方不履行其在合同或本公
does not expressly or implicitly fix or make 约中的任何义务，等于根本违反合
provision for determining the price, the parties 同；或
are considered, in the absence of any indication （ｂ）买方不在卖方按照第六十三
to the contrary, to have impliedly made reference 条第（１）款规定的额外时间内履
to the price generally charged at the time of the 行支付价款的义务或收取货物，或
conclusion of the contract for such goods sold 买方声明他将不在所规定的时间内
under comparable circumstances in the trade 这样做。
concerned.

Article 56
（２）但是，如果买方已支付价款，
卖方就丧失宣告合同无效的权利，
除非：
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If the price is fixed according to the weight of the （ａ）对于买方迟延履行义务，他
goods, in case of doubt it is to be determined by 在知道买方履行义务前这样做；或
the net weight.

Article 57
者
（ｂ）对于买方迟延履行义务以外
的任何违反合同事情：
(1) If the buyer is not bound to pay the price at （一）他在已知道或理应知道这种
any other particular place, he must pay it to the 违反合同后一段合理时间内这样
seller:
(a) at the seller's place of business; or
做；或
（二）他在卖方按照第六十三条第
(b) if the payment is to be made against the （１）款规定的任何额外时间满期
handing over of the goods or of documents, at 后或在买方声明他将不在这一额外
the place where the handing over takes place. 时间内履行义务后一段合理时间内
(2) The seller must bear any increases in the 这样做。
expenses incidental to payment which is caused
by a change in his place of business subsequent 第六十五条
to the conclusion of the contract.

Article 58 （１）如果买方应根据合同规定订
明货物的形状、大小或其它特征，
而他在议定的日期或在 收到卖方的
(1) If the buyer is not bound to pay the price at 要求后一段合理时间内没有订明这
any other specific time, he must pay it when the 些规格，则卖方在不损害其可能享
seller places either the goods or documents 有的任何其它权利的情况下，可以
controlling their disposition at the buyer's 依照他所知的买方的要求，自己订
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disposal in accordance with the contract and this 明规格。
Convention. The seller may make such payment a （２）如果卖方自己订明规格，他
condition for handing over the goods or 必须把订明规格的细节通知买方，
documents. 而且必须规定一段合理时间，让买
(2) If the contract involves carriage of the goods, 方可以在该段时间内订出不同的规
the seller may dispatch the goods on terms 格。如果买方在收到这种通知后没
whereby the goods, or documents controlling 有在该段时间内这样做，卖方所订
their disposition, will not be handed over to the 的规格就具有约束力。
buyer except against payment of the price.
(3) The buyer is not bound to pay the price until 第四章 风险移转
he has had an opportunity to examine the goods, 第六十六条 交货后风险转移
unless the procedures for delivery or payment 货物在风险移转到买方承担后遗失
agreed upon by the parties are inconsistent with 或损坏，买方支付价款的义务并不
his having such an opportunity.


Article 59
因此解除，除非这种遗失或损坏是
由于卖方的行为或不行为所造成。

第六十七条
The buyer must pay the price on the date fixed by （１）如果销售合同涉及到货物的
or determinable from the contract and this 运输，但卖方没有义务在某一特定
Convention without the need for any request or 地点交付货物，自货物按照销售合
compliance with any formality on the part of the 同交付给第一承运人以转交给买方
seller. 时起，风险就移转到买方承担。如
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Section II. Taking delivery
Article 60
The buyer's obligation to take delivery consists:
果卖方有义务在某一特定地点把货
物交付给承运人，在货物于该地点
交付给承运人以前，风险不移转到
买方承担。卖方有权保留控 制货物
(a) in doing all the acts which could reasonably 处置权的单据，并不影响风险的移
be expected of him in order to enable the seller 转。
to make delivery; and
(b) in taking over the goods.

（２）但是，在货物以货物上加标
记、或以装运单据、或向买方发出
通知或 其它方式清楚地注明有关合
Section III. Remedies for breach of contract by 同以前，风险不移转到买方承担。
the buyer
Article 61

第六十八条
(1) If the buyer fails to perform any of his 对于在运输途中销售的货物，从订
obligations under the contract or this 立合同时起，风险就移转到买方承
担。但是，如果情况表明有此需要，Convention, the seller may:
(a) exercise the rights provided in articles 62 to 从货物交付给签发载有运输合同单
65; 据的承运人时起，风险就由买方承
(b) claim damages as provided in articles 74 to 担。尽管如此，如果卖方在订立合
77. 同时已知道或理应知道货物已经遗
(2) The seller is not deprived of any right he may 失或损坏，而他又不将这一事实告
have to claim damages by exercising his right to 之买方，则这种遗失或损坏应由卖
other remedies. 方负责。
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(3) No period of grace may be granted to the
buyer by a court or arbitral tribunal when the 第六十九条
seller resorts to a remedy for breach of contract.



Article 62
（１）在不属于第六十七条和第六
十八 条规定的情况下，从买方接收
货物时起，或如果买方不在适当时
间内这样做，则从货物交给他处 置
但他不收取货物从而违反合同时
The seller may require the buyer to pay the price, 起，风险移转到买方承担。
take delivery or perform his other obligations, （２）但是，如果买方有义务在卖
unless the seller has resorted to a remedy which 方营业地以外的某一地点接收货
is inconsistent with this requirement.


Article 63
物，当交货时间已到而买方知道货
物已在该地点交给他处置时，风险
方始移转。
（３）如果合同指的是当时未加识
(1) The seller may fix an additional period of time 别的货物，则这些货物在未清楚注
of reasonable length for performance by the 明有关合同以前，不得视为已交给
buyer of his obligations. 买方处置。
(2) Unless the seller has received notice from the
buyer that he will not perform within the period 第七十条
so fixed, the seller may not, during that period, 如果卖方已根本违反合同，第六十
resort to any remedy for breach of contract. 七条、第六十八条和第六十九条的
However, the seller is not deprived thereby of any 规定，不损害买方因此种违反合同
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right he may have to claim damages for delay in 而可以采取的各种补救办法。
performance.

Article 64
(1) The seller may declare the contract avoided:

第五章
卖方和买方义务的一般规定
第一节 预期违反合同和分批交货
(a) if the failure by the buyer to perform any of 合同
his obligations under the contract or this 第七十一条先履行抗辩权
Convention amounts to a fundamental breach of （１）如果订立合同后，另一方当
contract; or 事人由于下列原因显然将不履行其
(b) if the buyer does not, within the additional 大部分重要义务，一方当事人可以
period of time fixed by the seller in accordance 中止履行义务：
with paragraph (1) of article 63, perform his （ａ）他履行义务的能力或他的信
obligation to pay the price or take delivery of the 用有严重缺陷；或
goods, or if he declares that he will not do so （ｂ）他在准备履行合同或履行合
within the period so fixed. 同中的行为。
(2) However, in cases where the buyer has paid （２）如果卖方在上一款所述的理
the price, the seller loses the right to declare the 由明显化以前已将货物发运，他可
contract avoided unless he does s 以阻止将货物交给买方，即使买方
(a) in respect of late performance by the buyer, 持有其有权获得货物的单据。本款
before the seller has become aware that 规定只与买方和卖方间对货物的权
performance has been rendered; or 利有关。
(b) in respect of any breach other than late （３）中止履行义务的一方当事人
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performance by the buyer, within a reasonable 不论是在货物发运前还是发运后，
time: 都必须立即通知另一方当事人，如
(i) after the seller knew or ought to have known 经另一方当事人对履行义务提供充
of the breach; or 分保证，则他必须继续履行义务。
(ii) after the expiration of any additional period of
time fixed by the seller in accordance with
paragraph (1) of article 63, or after the buyer has 第七十二条预期违约宣告合同无效
declared that he will not perform his obligations （１）如果在履行合同日期之前，
within such an additional period.




Article 65
明显看出一方当事人将根本违反合
同，另一方当事人可以宣告合同无
效。
（ ２）如果时间许可，打算宣告合
同无效的一方当事人必须向另一方
当事人发出合理的通知，使他 可以
(1) If under the contract the buyer is to specify 对履行义务提供充分保证。
the form, measurement or other features of the （３）如果另一方当事人已声明他
goods and he fails to make such specification 将不履行其义务，则上一款的规定
either on the date agreed upon or within a 不适用。
reasonable time after receipt of a request from
the seller, the seller may, without prejudice to any
other rights he may have, make the specification 第七十三条
himself in accordance with the requirements of （１）对于分批交付货物的合同，
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the buyer that may be known to him. 如果一方当事人不履行对任何一批
(2) If the seller makes the specification himself, he 货物的义务，便对该批货物构成根
must inform the buyer of the details thereof and 本违反合同，则另一方当事人可以
must fix a reasonable time within which the buyer 宣告合同对该批货物无效。
may make a different specification. If, after （２）如果一方当事人不履行对任
receipt of such a communication, the buyer fails 何一批货物的义务，使另一方当事
to do so within the time so fixed, the 人有充分理由断定对今后各批货物
specification made by the seller is binding.


Chapter IV PASSING OF RISK
Article 66
将会发生根本违反合同，该另一方
当事人可以在一段合理时间内宣告
合同今后无效。
（３）买方宣告合同对任何一批货
物的交付为无效时，可以同时宣告
Loss of or damage to the goods after the risk has 合同对已交付的或今后交付的各批
passed to the buyer does not discharge him from 货物均为无效，如果各批货物是互
his obligation to pay the price, unless the loss or 相依存的，不能单独用于双方当事
damage is due to an act or omission of the seller. 人在订立合同时所设想的目的。

Article 67


(1) If the contract of sale involves carriage of the 第二节 损害赔偿
goods and the seller is not bound to hand them 第七十四条
over at a particular place, the risk passes to the 一方当事人违反合同应负的损害赔
buyer when the goods are handed over to the 偿额，应与另一方当事人因他违反
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first carrier for transmission to the buyer in 合同而遭受的包括利润在内的损失
accordance with the contract of sale. If the seller 额相等。这种损害赔偿不得超过违
is bound to hand the goods over to a carrier at a 反合同一方在订立合同时，依照他
particular place, the risk does not pass to the 当时已知道或理应知道的事实和情
buyer until the goods are handed over to the 况，对违反合同预料到或理应预料
carrier at that place. The fact that the seller is 到的可能损失。间接损失不赔
authorized to retain documents controlling the
disposition of the goods does not affect the 第七十五条
passage of the risk. 如果合同被宣告无效，而在宣告无
(2) Nevertheless, the risk does not pass to the 效后一段合理时间内，买方已以合
buyer until the goods are clearly identified to the 理方式购买替代货物，或者卖方已
contract, whether by markings on the goods, by 以合理方式把货物转卖，则要求损
shipping documents, by notice given to the 害赔偿的一方可以取得合同价格和
buyer or otherwise.

Article 68
替代货物交易价格之间的差额以及
按照第七十四条规定可以取得的任
何其他损害赔偿。
The risk in respect of goods sold in transit passes
to the buyer from the time of the conclusion of 第七十六条
the contract. However, if the circumstances so （１）如果合同被宣告无效，而货
indicate, the risk is assumed by the buyer from 物又有时价，要求损害赔偿的一方，
the time the goods were handed over to the 如果没有根据第七十五条规定进行
carrier who issued the documents embodying 购买或转卖，则可以取得合同规定
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the contract of carriage. Nevertheless, if at the 的价格和宣告合同无效时的时价之
time of the conclusion of the contract of sale the 间的差额以及按照第七十四条规定
seller knew or ought to have known that the 可以取得的任何其它损害赔偿。但
goods had been lost or damaged and did not 是，如果要求损害赔偿的一方在接
disclose this to the buyer, the loss or damage is at 收货物之后宣告合同无效，则应适
the risk of the seller.

Article 69
用接收货物时的时价，而不适用宣
告合同无效时的时价。
（２）为上一款的目的，时价指原
(1) In cases not within articles 67 and 68, the risk 应交付货物地点的现行价格，如果
passes to the buyer when he takes over the 该地点没有时价，则指另一合理替
goods or, if he does not do so in due time, from 代地点的价格，但应适当地考虑货
the time when the goods are placed at his 物运费的差额。
disposal and he commits a breach of contract by
failing to take delivery. 第七十七条
(2) However, if the buyer is bound to take over 声称另一方违反合同的一方，必须
the goods at a place other than a place of 按情况采取合理措施，减轻由于该
business of the seller, the risk passes when 另一方违反合同而引起的损失，包
delivery is due and the buyer is aware of the fact 括利润方面的损失。如果他不采取
that the goods are placed at his disposal at that 这种措施，违反合同一方可以要求
place. 从损害赔偿中扣除原可以减轻的损
(3) If the contract relates to goods not then 失数额。
identified, the goods are considered not to be
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placed at the disposal of the buyer until they are 第三节 利息
clearly identified to the contract.



Article 70
第七十八条
如果一方当事人没有支付价款或任
何其它拖欠金额，另一方当事人有
权对这些款额收取利息，但不妨碍
要求按照第七十四条规定 可以取得
If the seller has committed a fundamental breach 的损害赔偿。
of contract, articles 67, 68 and 69 do not impair
the remedies available to the buyer on account of 第四节 免责
the breach.


Chapter V
第七十九条
（１）当 事人对不履行义务，不负
责任，如果他能证明此种不履行义
务，是由于某种非他所能控制的障< br>PROVISIONS COMMON TO THE OBLIGATIONS 碍，而且对于这种障碍，没有理由
OF THE SELLER AND OF THE BUYER 预期他在订立合同时能考虑到或能
Section I. Anticipatory breach and instalment 避免或克服它或它的后果。不可抗
contracts
Article 71
力免责
（２）如果当事人不履行义务是由
(1) A party may suspend the performance of his 于他所雇用履行合同的全部或一部
obligations if, after the conclusion of the 分规定的第三方不履行义务所致，
contract, it becomes apparent that the other 该当事人只有在以下情况下才能免
party will not perform a substantial part of his 除责任：第三方过失免责
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obligations as a result of: （ａ）他按照上一款的规定应免除
(a) a serious deficiency in his ability to perform or 责任，和
in his creditworthiness; or （ｂ）假如该项的规定也适用于他
(b) his conduct in preparing to perform or in 所雇用的人，这个人也同样会免除
performing the contract. 责任。
(2) If the seller has already dispatched the goods （３）本条所规定的免责对障碍存
before the grounds described in the preceding 在的期间有效。
paragraph become evident, he may prevent the （４）不履行义务的一方必须将障
handing over of the goods to the buyer even 碍及其对他履行义务能力的影响通
though the buyer holds a document which 知另一方。 如果该项通知在不履行
entitles him to obtain them. The present 义务的一方已知道或理应知道此一
paragraph relates only to the rights in the goods 障碍后一段合理时间内仍未为另一
as between the buyer and the seller. 方收到，则他对由于另一方未收到
(3) A party suspending performance, whether 通知而造成的损害应负赔偿责任。
before or after dispatch of the goods, must （５）本条规定不妨碍任何一方行
immediately give notice of the suspension to the 使本公约规定的要求损害赔偿以外
other party and must continue with performance 的任何权利。
if the other party provides adequate assurance of
his performance.

Article 72
第八十条
一方当事人因其行为或不行为而使
得另一方当事人不履行义务时，不
(1) If prior to the date for performance of the 得声称该另一方当事人不履行义
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contract it is clear that one of the parties will 务。
commit a fundamental breach of contract, the
other party may declare the contract avoided. 第五节 宣告合同无效的效果
(2) If time allows, the party intending to declare 第八十一条
the contract avoided must give reasonable notice （１）宣告合同无效解除了双方在
to the other party in order to permit him to 合同中的义务，但应负责的任何损
provide adequate assurance of his performance. 害赔偿仍应负责。宣告合同无效不
(3) The requirements of the preceding paragraph 影响合同关于解决争端的任何规
do not apply if the other party has declared that 定，也不影响合同中关于双方在宣
he will not perform his obligations.


Article 73
告合同无效后权利和义务的任何其
它规定。
（２）已全部或局部履行合同的一
方，可以要求另一方归还他按照合
(1) In the case of a contract for delivery of goods 同供应的货物或支付的价款，如果
by instalments, if the failure of one party to 双方都须归还，他们必须同时这样
perform any of his obligations in respect of any 做。
instalment constitutes a fundamental breach of
contract with respect to that instalment, the 第八十二条
other party may declare the contract avoided （１）买方如果不可能按实际收到
with respect to that instalment. 货物的原状归还货物，他就丧失宣
(2) If one party's failure to perform any of his 告合同无效或要求卖方交付替代货
obligations in respect of any instalment gives the 物的权利。
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other party good grounds to conclude that a （２）上一款的规定不适用于以下
fundamental breach of contract will occur with 情况：
respect to future instalments, he may declare the （ａ）如果不可能归还货物或不可
contract avoided for the future, provided that he 能按实际收到货物的原状归还货
does so within a reasonable time. 物，并非由于买方的行为或不行为
(3) A buyer who declares the contract avoided in 所造成；或者
respect of any delivery may, at the same time, （ｂ）如果货物或其中一部分的毁
declare it avoided in respect of deliveries already 灭或变坏，是由于按照第三十八条
made or of future deliveries if, by reason of their 规定进行检验所致；或者
interdependence, those deliveries could not be （ｃ）如果货物或其中一部分，在
used for the purpose contemplated by the 买方发现或理应发现与合同不符以
parties at the time of the conclusion of the 前，已为买方在正常营业过程中售
contract.

Section II. Damages
Article 74
出，或在正常使用过程中消费或改
变。

第八十三条
Damages for breach of contract by one party 买方虽然依第八十二条规定丧失宣
consist of a sum equal to the loss, including loss 告合同无效或要求卖方交付替代货
of profit, suffered by the other party as a 物的权利，但是根据合同和本公约
consequence of the breach. Such damages may 规定，他仍保有采取一切其它补救
not exceed the loss which the party in breach 办法的权利。
foresaw or ought to have foreseen at the time of
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the conclusion of the contract, in the light of the 第八十四条
facts and matters of which he then knew or ought （１）如果卖方有义务归还价款，
to have known, as a possible consequence of the 他必须同时从支付价款之日起支付
breach of contract.

Article 75
价款利息。
（２）在以下情况下，买方必须向
卖方说明他从货物或其中一部分得
If the contract is avoided and if, in a reasonable 到的一切利益：
manner and within a reasonable time after （ａ）如果他必须归还货物或其中
avoidance, the buyer has bought goods in 一部分；或者
replacement or the seller has resold the goods, （ｂ）如果他不可能归还全部或一
the party claiming damages may recover the 部分货物，或不可能按实际收到货
difference between the contract price and the 物的原状归还全部或一部分货物，
price in the substitute transaction as well as any 但他已宣告合同无效或已要求卖方
further damages recoverable under article 74.


Article 76
支付替代货物。


第六节 保全货物
(1) If the contract is avoided and there is a current 第八十五条
price for the goods, the party claiming damages 如果买方推迟收取货物，或在支付
may, if he has not made a purchase or resale 价款和交付货物应同时履行时，买
under article 75, recover the difference between 方没有支付价款，而卖方仍拥有这
the price fixed by the contract and the current 些货物或仍能控制这些货物的处置
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price at the time of avoidance as well as any 权，卖方必须按情况采取合理措施，
further damages recoverable under article 74. If, 以保全货物。他有权保有这些货物，
however, the party claiming damages has 直至买方把他所付的合理费用偿还
avoided the contract after taking over the goods, 他为止。
the current price at the time of such taking over
shall be applied instead of the current price at the 第八十六条
time of avoidance. （１）如果买方已收到货物，但打
(2) For the purposes of the preceding paragraph, 算行使合同或本公约规定的任何权
the current price is the price prevailing at the 利，把货物退回，他必须按情况采
place where delivery of the goods should have 取合理措施，以保全货物。他有权
been made or, if there is no current price at that 保有这些货物，直至卖方把他所付
place, the price at such other place as serves as a 的合理费用偿还给他为止。
reasonable substitute, making due allowance for （２）如果发运给买方的货物已到
differences in the cost of transporting the goods. 达目的地，并交给买方处置，而买

Article 77
方行使退货权利，则买方必须代表
卖方收取货物，除非他这样做需要
A party who relies on a breach of contract must 支付价款而且会使他遭受不合理的
take such measures as are reasonable in the 不便或需承担不合理的费用。如果
circumstances to mitigate the loss, including loss 卖方或受权代表他掌管货物的人也
of profit, resulting from the breach. If he fails to 在目的地，则此一规定不适用。如
take such measures, the party in breach may 果买方根据本款规定收取货物，他
claim a reduction in the damages in the amount 的权利和义务与上一款所规定的相
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by which the loss should have been mitigated.


Section III. Interest
Article 78
同。

第八十七条
有义务采取措施以保全货物的一方
当事人，可以把货物寄放在第三方
If a party fails to pay the price or any other sum 的仓库，由另一方当事人担负费用，
that is in arrears, the other party is entitled to 但该项费用必须合理。
interest on it, without prejudice to any claim for
damages recoverable under article 74.


Section IV. Exemptions
Article 79
第八十八条
（１）如果另一方当事人在收取货
物或收回货物或支付价款或保全货物费用方面有不合理的迟延，按照
第八十五条或第八十六条规定有义
(1) A party is not liable for a failure to perform 务保全货物的一方当事人，可以采
any of his obligations if he proves that the failure 取任何适当办法，把货物出售，但
was due to an impediment beyond his control 必须事前向另一方当事人发出合理
and that he could not reasonably be expected to 的意向通知。
have taken the impediment into account at the （２）如果货物易于迅速变坏，或
time of the conclusion of the contract or to have 者货物的保全牵涉到不合理的费
avoided or overcome it or its consequences. 用，则按照第八十五条或第八十六
(2) If the party's failure is due to the failure by a 条规定有义务保全货物的一方当事
third person whom he has engaged to perform 人，必须采取合理措施，把货物出
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the whole or a part of the contract, that party is 售，在可能的范围内，他必须把出
exempt from liability only if: 售货物的打算通知另一方当事人。
(a) he is exempt under the preceding paragraph; （３）出售货物的一方当事人，有
and 权从销售所得收入中扣回为保全货
(b) the person whom he has so engaged would 物和销售货物而付的合理费用。他
be so exempt if the provisions of that paragraph 必须向另一方当事人说明所余款
were applied to him. 项。
(3) The exemption provided by this article has
effect for the period during which the 第四部分 最后条款
impediment exists. 第八十九条
(4) The party who fails to perform must give 兹指定联合国秘书长为本公约保管
notice to the other party of the impediment and 人。
its effect on his ability to perform. If the notice is 第九十条
not received by the other party within a 本公约不优于业已缔结或可以缔结
reasonable time after the party who fails to 并载有与属于本公约范围内事项有
perform knew or ought to have known of the 关的条款的任何国际协定，但以双
impediment, he is liable for damages resulting 方当事人的营业地均在这种协定的
from such non-receipt. 缔约国内为限。
(5) Nothing in this article prevents either party 第九十一条
from exercising any right other than to claim （１）本公约在联合国国际货物销
damages under this Convention.

售合同会议闭幕会议上开放签字，
并在纽约联合国总部继续开放签
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Article 80
字，直至１９８１年９月３０日为
止。
（２）本公约须经签字国批准、承
诺 或核准。
（３）本公约从开放签字之日起开
A party may not rely on a failure of the other 放给所有非签字国加入。
party to perform, to the extent that such failure （４）批准书、承诺 书、核准书和
was caused by the first party's act or omission.


Section V. Effects of avoidance
Article 81
加入书应送交联合国秘书长存放。
第九十二条
（１）缔约国可在签字、批准、承
诺 、核准或加入时声明他不受本公
约第二部分的约束或不受本公约第
(1) Avoidance of the contract releases both 三部分的约束。
parties from their obligations under it, subject to （２）按照上一款规定就本公约第
any damages which may be due. Avoidance does 二部分或第三部分做出声明的缔约
not affect any provision of the contract for the 国，在该声明适用的部分所规定事
settlement of disputes or any other provision of 项上，不得视为本公约第一条第
the contract governing the rights and obligations （１）款范围内的缔约国。
of the parties consequent upon the avoidance of 第九十三条
the contract. （１）如果缔约国具有两个或两个
(2) A party who has performed the contract 以上的领土单位，而依照该国宪法
either wholly or in part may claim restitution from 规定、各领土单位对本公约所规定
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the other party of whatever the first party has 的事项适用不同的法律制度，则该
supplied or paid under the contract. If both 国得在签字、批准、承诺 、核准或
parties are bound to make restitution, they must 加入时声明本公约适用于该国全部
do so concurrently.

Article 82
领土单位或仅适用于其中的一个或
数个领土单位， 并且可以随时提出
另一声明来修改其所做的声明。
(1) The buyer loses the right to declare the （２）此种声明应通知保管人，并
contract avoided or to require the seller to deliver 且明确地说明适用本公约的领土单
substitute goods if it is impossible for him to 位。
make restitution of the goods substantially in the （３）如果根据按本条做出的声明，
condition in which he received them.
(2) The preceding paragraph does not apply:
本公约适用于缔约国的一个或数个
但不是全部领土单位，而且一方当
(a) if the impossibility of making restitution of the 事人的营业地位于该缔约国内，则
goods or of making restitution of the goods 为本公约的目的，该营业地除非位
substantially in the condition in which the buyer 于本公约适用的领土单位内，否则
received them is not due to his act or omission; 视为不在缔约国内。
(b) if the goods or part of the goods have （４）如果缔约国没有按照本条第
perished or deteriorated as a result of the （１）款做出声明，则本公约适用
examination provided for in article 38; or 于该国所有领土单位。
(c) if the goods or part of the goods have been 第九十四条
sold in the normal course of business or have （１）对属于本公约范围的事项具
been consumed or transformed by the buyer in 有相同或非常近似的法律规则的两
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the course of normal use before he discovered or 个或两个以上的缔约国，可随时声
ought to have discovered the lack of conformity.


Article 83
明本公约不适用于营业地在这些缔
约国内的当事人 之间的销售合同，
也不适用于这些合同的订立。此种
声明可联合做出，也可以相互单方
A buyer who has lost the right to declare the 面声明的方式做出。
contract avoided or to require the seller to deliver （２）对属于本公约范围的事项具
substitute goods in accordance with article 82 有与一个或一个以上非缔约国相同
retains all other remedies under the contract and 或非常近似的法律规则的缔约国，
this Convention.


Article 84
可随时声明本公约不 适用于营业地
在这些非缔约国内的当事人之间的
销售合同，也不适用于这些合同的
订立 。
(1) If the seller is bound to refund the price, he （３）作为根据上一款所做声明对
must also pay interest on it, from the date on 象的国家如果后来成为缔约国，这
which the price was paid. 项声明从本公约对该新缔约国生效
(2) The buyer must account to the seller for all 之日起，具有根据第（１）款所做
benefits which he has derived from the goods or 声明的效力，但以该新缔约国加入
part of them: 这项声明，或做出相互单方面声明
(a) if he must make restitution of the goods or 为限。
part of them; or 第九十五条 任何国家在交存其批
(b) if it is impossible for him to make restitution 准书、承诺 书、核准书或加入书时，
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of all or part of the goods or to make restitution 可声明它不受本公约第一条第（１）
of all or part of the goods substantially in the 款（ｂ）项的约束。
condition in which he received them, but he has 第九十六条 本国法律规定销售
nevertheless declared the contract avoided or 合同必须以书面订立或书面证明的
required the seller to deliver substitute goods.



Section VI. Preservation of the goods
Article 85
缔约国，可 以随时按照第十二条的
规定，声明本公约第十一条、第二
十九条或第二部分准许销售合同或其更改或根据协议终止，或者任何
要约、承诺 或其它意旨表示得以书
面以外任何形式做出的任何规定不
If the buyer is in delay in taking delivery of the 适用，如果任何一方当事人的营业
goods or, where payment of the price and 地是在该缔约国内。
delivery of the goods are to be made 第九十七条
concurrently, if he fails to pay the price, and the （１）根据本公约规定在签字时做
seller is either in possession of the goods or 出的声明，须在批准、承诺 或核准
otherwise able to control their disposition, the 时加以确认。
seller must take such steps as are reasonable in （２）声明和声明的确认，应以书
the circumstances to preserve them. He is 面提出，并应正式通知保管人。
entitled to retain them until he has been （３）声明在本公约对有关国家开
reimbursed his reasonable expenses by the 始生效时同时生效。但是，保管人
buyer.

于此种生效后收到正式通知的声
明，应于保管人收到声明之日起６
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Article 86 个月后的第１个月第１天生效。根
(1) If the buyer has received the goods and 据第九十四条规定做出的相互单方
intends to exercise any right under the contract 面声明，应于保管人收到最后一份
or this Convention to reject them, he must take 声明之日起６个月后的第１个月第
such steps to preserve them as are reasonable in １天生效。
the circumstances. He is entitled to retain them （４）根据本公约规定做出声明的
until he has been reimbursed his reasonable 任何国家可以随时用书面正式通知
expenses by the seller. 保管人撤回该项声明。此种撤回于
(2) If goods dispatched to the buyer have been 保管人收到通知之日起６个月后的
placed at his disposal at their destination and he 第１个月第１天生效。
exercises the right to reject them, he must take （５）撤回根据第九十四条做出的
possession of them on behalf of the seller, 声明，自撤回生效之日起，就会使
provided that this can be done without payment 另一国家根据该条所做的任何相互
of the price and without unreasonable 声明失效。
inconvenience or unreasonable expense. This 第九十八条 除本公约明文许
provision does not apply if the seller or a person 可的保留外，不得作任何保留。
authorized to take charge of the goods on his 第九十九条 （１）在本条第（６）
behalf is present at the destination. If the buyer 款规定的条件下，本公约在第十件
takes possession of the goods under this 批准书、承诺 书、核准书或加入书、
paragraph, his rights and obligations are 包括载有根据第九十二条规定做出
governed by the preceding paragraph.

的声明的文书交存之日起１２月后
的第１个月第１天生效。
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Article 87 （２）在本条第（６）款规定的条
A party who is bound to take steps to preserve 件下，对于在第１０件批准书、承
the goods may deposit them in a warehouse of a 诺 书、核准书或加入书交存后才批
third person at the expense of the other party 准、承诺 、核准或加入本公约的国
provided that the expense incurred is not 家，本公约在该国交存其批准书、
unreasonable.

Article 88
承诺 书、核准车或加入书之日起１
２个月后的第１个月第１天对该国
生效，但不适用的部分除外。
(1) A party who is bound to preserve the goods in （３）批准、承诺 、核准或加入本
accordance with article 85 or 86 may sell them by 公约的国家，如果是１９６４年７
any appropriate means if there has been an 月１日海牙签订的《关于国际货物
unreasonable delay by the other party in taking 销售合同的订立统一法公约》（《１
possession of the goods or in taking them back ９６４年海牙订立合同公约》）和１
or in paying the price or the cost of preservation, ９６４年７月１日在海牙签订的
provided that reasonable notice of the intention 《关于国际货物销售统一法的公
to sell has been given to the other party. 约》（《１９６４年海牙货物销售公
(2) If the goods are subject to rapid deterioration 约》）中一项或两项公约的缔约国。
or their preservation would involve unreasonable 应按情况同时通知荷兰政府声明退
expense, a party who is bound to preserve the 出《１９６４年海牙货物销售公约》
goods in accordance with article 85 or 86 must 或《１９６４年海牙订立合同公
take reasonable measures to sell them. To the 约》）或退出该两公约。
extent possible he must give notice to the other （４）凡为《１９６４年海牙货物
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party of his intention to sell. 销售公约》缔约国并批准、承诺 、
(3) A party selling the goods has the right to 核准或加入本公约和根据第九十二
retain out of the proceeds of sale an amount 条规定声明或业已声明不受本公约
equal to the reasonable expenses of preserving 第二部分约束的国家，应于批准、
the goods and of selling them. He must account 承诺 、核准或加入时通知荷兰政府
to the other party for the balance.




PART IV FINAL PROVISIONS
Article 89
声明退出《１９６４年海牙货物销
售公约》。
（５）凡为《１９６４年海牙订立
合同公约》缔约国并批准、承诺 、
核准或加入本公 约和根据第九十二
条规定声明或业已声明不受本公约
第三部分约束的国家，应于批准、
The Secretary-General of the United Nations is 承诺 、核准或加入时通知荷兰政府
hereby designated as the depositary for this 声明退出《１９６４年海牙订立合
Convention.
Article 90
同公约》。
（６）为本条的目的，《１９６４年
This Convention does not prevail over any 海牙订立合同公约》或《１９６４
international agreement which has already been 年海牙货物销售公约》的缔约国的
or may be entered into and which contains 批准、承诺 、核准或加入本公约，
provisions concerning the matters governed by 应在这些国家按照规定退出该两公
this Convention, provided that the parties have 约生效后方始生效。本公约保管人
their places of business in States parties to such 应与１９６４年两公约的保管人荷
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agreement.
Article 91
兰政府进行协商，以确保在这方面
进行必要的协调。
(1) This Convention is open for signature at the 第一百条
concluding meeting of the United Nations （１）本公约适用于合同的订立，
Conference on Contracts for the International 只要订立该合同的建议是在本公约
Sale of Goods and will remain open for signature 对第一条第（１）款（ａ）项所指
by all States at the Headquarters of the United 缔约国或第一条第（１）款（ｂ）
Nations, New York until 30 September 1981. 项所指缔约国生效之日或其后作出
(2) This Convention is subject to ratification, 的。
acceptance or approval by the signatory States. （２）本公约只适用于在它对第一
(3) This Convention is open for accession by all 条第（１）款（ａ）项所指缔约国
States which are not signatory States as from the 或第一条第（１）款（ｂ）项所指
date it is open for signature. 缔约国生效之日或其后订立的合
(4) Instruments of ratification, acceptance, 同。
approval and accession are to be deposited with 第一百零一条
the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
Article 92
（１）缔约国可以用书面正式通知
保管人声明退出本公约，或本公约
(1) A Contracting State may declare at the time of 第二部分或第三部分。
signature, ratification, acceptance, approval or （２）退出于保管人收到通知１２
accession that it will not be bound by Part II of 个月后的第１个月第１天起生效。
this Convention or that it will not be bound by 凡通知内订明一段退出生效的更长
Part III of this Convention. 时间，则退出于保管人收到通知后
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(2) A Contracting State which makes a declaration 该段更长时间满时起生效。
in accordance with the preceding paragraph in １９８０年４月１１日订于维也
respect of Part II or Part III of this Convention is 纳，正本１份，其阿拉伯文本、中
not to be considered a Contracting State within 文本、英文本、法文本、俄文本和
paragraph (1) of article 1 of this Convention in 西班牙文本都具有同等效力。
respect of matters governed by the Part to which 下列全权代表，经各自政府正式授
the declaration applies.
Article 93
权，在本公约上签字，以资证明。
本公约于１９８８年１月１日生
(1) If a Contracting State has two or more 效。
territorial units in which, according to its １９８１年９月３０日中华人民共
constitution, different systems of law are 和国政府代表签署本公约，１９８
applicable in relation to the matters dealt with in ６年１２月１１日交存核准书。核
this Convention, it may, at the time of signature, 准书中载明，中国不受公约第一条
ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, 第（１）款（Ｄ）、第十一条及与第
declare that this Convention is to extend to all its 十一条内容有关的规定的约束。
territorial units or only to one or more of them, 《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》
and may amend its declaration by submitting 是联合国国际贸易法委员会（ＵＮ
another declaration at any time. ＣＩＴ－ＲＡＬ）于１９８０年４
(2) These declarations are to be notified to the 月１１日在维也纳召开的外交会议
depositary and are to state expressly the 上通过的。该公约于１９８８年１
territorial units to which the Convention extends. 月１日生效。目前批准加入和认可
(3) If, by virtue of a declaration under this article, 该公约的国家有３２个国家，它们
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this Convention extends to one or more but not 是：
all of the territorial units of a Contracting State, 阿根廷、澳大利亚、奥地利、保加
and if the place of business of a party is located in 利亚、白俄罗斯苏维埃社会主义共
that State, this place of business, for the purposes 和国、加拿大、智利、中国、捷克
of this Convention, is considered not to be in a 斯洛伐克、丹麦、埃及、芬兰、法
Contracting State, unless it is in a territorial unit 国、加纳、几内亚、匈牙利、伊拉
to which the Convention extends. 克、意大利、莱索托、墨西哥、荷
(4) If a Contracting State makes no declaration 兰、挪威、波兰、罗马尼亚、新加
under paragraph (1) of this article, the 坡、瑞典、瑞士、阿拉伯叙利亚共
Convention is to extend to all territorial units of 和国、美利坚合众国、委瑞内拉、
that State.
Article 94
(1) Two or more Contracting States which have
the same or closely related legal rules on matters
governed by this Convention may at any time
declare that the Convention is not to apply to
contracts of sale or to their formation where the
parties have their places of business in those
States. Such declarations may be made jointly or
by reciprocal unilateral declarations.
(2) A Contracting State which has the same or
closely related legal rules on matters governed
乌克兰苏维埃社会主义共和国、苏
联、南斯拉夫、赞比亚。
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by this Convention as one or more
non-Contracting States may at any time declare
that the Convention is not to apply to contracts
of sale or to their formation where the parties
have their places of business in those States.
(3) If a State which is the object of a declaration
under the preceding paragraph subsequently
becomes a Contracting State, the declaration
made will, as from the date on which the
Convention enters into force in respect of the
new Contracting State, have the effect of a
declaration made under paragraph (1), provided
that the new Contracting State joins in such
declaration or makes a reciprocal unilateral
declaration.
Article 95
Any State may declare at the time of the deposit
of its instrument of ratification, acceptance,
approval or accession that it will not be bound by
subparagraph (1)(b) of article 1 of this
Convention.
Article 96
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A Contracting State whose legislation requires
contracts of sale to be concluded in or evidenced
by writing may at any time make a declaration in
accordance with article 12 that any provision of
article 11, article 29, or Part II of this Convention,
that allows a contract of sale or its modification
or termination by agreement or any offer,
acceptance, or other indication of intention to be
made in any form other than in writing, does not
apply where any party has his place of business in
that State.
Article 97
(1) Declarations made under this Convention at
the time of signature are subject to confirmation
upon ratification, acceptance or approval.
(2) Declarations and confirmations of
declarations are to be in writing and be formally
notified to the depositary.
(3) A declaration takes effect simultaneously with
the entry into force of this Convention in respect
of the State concerned. However, a declaration of
which the depositary receives formal notification
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after such entry into force takes effect on the first
day of the month following the expiration of six
months after the date of its receipt by the
depositary. Reciprocal unilateral declarations
under article 94 take effect on the first day of the
month following the expiration of six months
after the receipt of the latest declaration by the
depositary.
(4) Any State which makes a declaration under
this Convention may withdraw it at any time by a
formal notification in writing addressed to the
depositary. Such withdrawal is to take effect on
the first day of the month following the
expiration of six months after the date of the
receipt of the notification by the depositary.
(5) A withdrawal of a declaration made under
article 94 renders inoperative, as from the date
on which the withdrawal takes effect, any
reciprocal declaration made by another State
under that article.
Article 98
No reservations are permitted except those
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expressly authorized in this Convention.
Article 99
(1) This Convention enters into force, subject to
the provisions of paragraph (6) of this article, on
the first day of the month following the
expiration of twelve months after the date of
deposit of the tenth instrument of ratification,
acceptance, approval or accession, including an
instrument which contains a declaration made
under article 92.
(2) When a State ratifies, accepts, approves or
accedes to this Convention after the deposit of
the tenth instrument of ratification, acceptance,
approval or accession, this Convention, with the
exception of the Part excluded, enters into force
in respect of that State, subject to the provisions
of paragraph (6) of this article, on the first day of
the month following the expiration of twelve
months after the date of the deposit of its
instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval
or accession.
(3) A State which ratifies, accepts, approves or
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accedes to this Convention and is a party to
either or both the Convention relating to a
Uniform Law on the Formation of Contracts for
the International Sale of Goods done at The
Hague on 1 July 1964 (1964 Hague Formation
Convention) and the Convention relating to a
Uniform Law on the International Sale of Goods
done at The Hague on 1 July 1964 (1964 Hague
Sales Convention) shall at the same time
denounce, as the case may be, either or both the
1964 Hague Sales Convention and the 1964
Hague Formation Convention by notifying the
Government of the Netherlands to that effect.
(4) A State party to the 1964 Hague Sales
Convention which ratifies, accepts, approves or
accedes to the present Convention and declares
or has declared under article 52 that it will not be
bound by Part II of this Convention shall at the
time of ratification, acceptance, approval or
accession denounce the 1964 Hague Sales
Convention by notifying the Government of the
Netherlands to that effect.
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(5) A State party to the 1964 Hague Formation
Convention which ratifies, accepts, approves or
accedes to the present Convention and declares
or has declared under article 92 that it will not be
bound by Part III of this Convention shall at the
time of ratification, acceptance, approval or
accession denounce the 1964 Hague Formation
Convention by notifying the Government of the
Netherlands to that effect.
(6) For the purpose of this article, ratifications,
acceptances, approvals and accessions in respect
of this Convention by States parties to the 1964
Hague Formation Convention or to the 1964
Hague Sales Convention shall not be effective
until such denunciations as may be required on
the part of those States in respect of the latter
two Conventions have themselves become
effective. The depositary of this Convention shall
consult with the Government of the Netherlands,
as the depositary of the 1964 Conventions, so as
to ensure necessary co-ordination in this respect.
Article 100
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(1) This Convention applies to the formation of a
contract only when the proposal for concluding
the contract is made on or after the date when
the Convention enters into force in respect of the
Contracting States referred to in subparagraph
(1)(a) or the Contracting State referred to in
subparagraph (1)(b) of article 1.
(2) This Convention applies only to contracts
concluded on or after the date when the
Convention enters into force in respect of the
Contracting States referred to in subparagraph
(1)(a) or the Contracting State referred to in
subparagraph (1)(b) of article 1.
Article 101
(1) A Contracting State may denounce this
Convention, or Part II or Part III of the
Convention, by a formal notification in writing
addressed to the depositary.
(2) The denunciation takes effect on the first day
of the month following the expiration of twelve
months after the notification is received by the
depositary. Where a longer period for the
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denunciation to take effect is specified in the
notification, the denunciation takes effect upon
the expiration of such longer period after the
notification is received by the depositary.
DONE at Vienna, this day of eleventh day of April,
one thousand nine hundred and eighty, in a
single original, of which the Arabic, Chinese,
English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are
equally authentic.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned
plenipotentiaries, being duly authorized by their
respective Governments, have signed this
Convention.




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