挥金如土-退休年龄最新规定2017

２０００国际贸易术语解释通则（INCOTERMS）－中英文对照
EXW
工厂交货…（指定地点）
________________________________________
工 厂交货（……指定地点）是指当卖方在其所在地或其他指定的地点（如工场、工厂或仓
库）将货物交给买 方处置时，即完成交货，卖方不办理出口清关手续或将货物装上任何运输
工具。
该术语是卖方承当责任最小的术语。买方必须承当在卖方所在地受领货物的全部费用和风
险。
但是，若双方希望在起运时卖方负责装载货物并承当装载货物的全部费用和风险时，则须在
销售 合同中明确写明。在买方不能直接或间接的办理出口手续时，不应使用该术语，而应使
用FCA，如果卖 方同意装载货物并承当费用和风险的话。
A 卖方义务
B 买方义务
A1 提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息， 以及合同可能
要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1 支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2 许可证、其他许可和手续
应买方要求 并由其承当风险和费用，在需要办理海关手续时，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，
以帮助买方取得为货物出 口所需的出口许可证或其他官方许可。
B2 许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和 费用，取得任何出口和进口许可证或其他官方许可，在需要办理海关手
续时，并办理货物出口的一切海关 手续。
A3 运输合同与保险合同
a）运输合同
无义务。
b）保险合同
无义务。
B3 运输合同与保险合同
a）运输合同
无义务。
b）保险合同
无义务。
A4 交货
卖方必须 按照合同约定的日期或期限，或如果未约定日期或期限，按照交付此类货物的惯常
时间，在指定的地点将 未置于任何运输车辆上的货物交给买方处置。若在指定的地点内未约
定具体交货点，或有若干个交货点可 使用，则卖方可在交货地点中选择最适合其目的的交货
点。
B4 受领货物
买方必须在卖方按照A4和A7B7规定交货时受领货物。
A5 风险转移
除B5 规定者外，卖方必须承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已经按照A4规定交货为

止。
B5 风险转移
买方必须按照下述规定承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险： 自按照A4规定交货之时起；及 由
于买方未能按照B7规定通知卖方，则自约定的交货日期或交货期限 届满之日起，但以该项
货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限 。
A6 费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须负担与货物有关的一切费用，直到已经按照A4规定交货为止。
B6 费用划分
买方必须支付
• 自按照A4规定交货之时起与货物有关的一切费用；及
• 在货物交给买方处置而买方未受领货物或 未按照B7规定给予卖方相应通知而发生的任何
额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地 划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下
之货物为限；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，以及办理海关手
续的费用。
买方必须偿付卖方按照A2规定给予协助时所发生的一切费用。
A7 通知买方
卖方必须给予买方有关货物将于何时何地交给买方处置的充分通知。
B7 通知卖方
一旦买方有权确定在约定的期限内受领货物的具体时间和或地点时，买方必须就此给予卖
方充分通知。
A8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
无义务。
B8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须向卖方提供已受领货物的适当凭证。
A9 查对、包装、标记
卖方必须支付为了将货物交给买方处置所需进行的查对费用（如查对 货物品质、丈量、过磅、
点数的费用）。
卖方必须自付费用提供按照卖方在订立合同前已知的 有关该货物运输（如运输方式、目的地）
所要求的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例，合同所指货物通常无需 包装）。包装应作适当标记。
B9 货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，包括出口国有关当局强制进行的检验。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助其取得由交货地国< br>和或原产地国所签发或传送的为买方出口和或进口货物可能要求的和必要时从他国过境
所需要的任 何单据或有同等作用的电子讯息。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因取得A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息而发生的一切 费用，并偿付卖
方给予协助时所发生的费用。
EXW
EX WORKS (... named place)
“Ex works
at the seller' s premises or another named place ( i. e. wa&s, factory, warehouse, etc. ) not cleared

for export and not loaded on any collecting vehicle.
This term thus represents the minimum obligation for the seller, and tile buyer has to bear all costs
and risks involved m taking the goods from the seller's premises.
However, if the parties wish the seller to be responsible for the loading of the goods on departure
and to bear the risks and all the costs of such loading, this should be made clear by adding explicit
wording to this effect in the contract of sale1. This term should not be used when the buyer cannot
carry out the export formalities directly or indirectly. In such circumstances, the FCA term should
be used, provided the seller agrees that he will load at his cost and risk.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic
message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity, which may
be required by the contract.
B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The seller must render the buyer, at the latter's request, risk and ex¬pense, every, assistance in
obtaining, where applicable2, any export license or other official authorization necessary for the
export of the goods.
B2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any export and import license or other official
authorization and carry out, where applicable3 all customs formalities for die export of the goods.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage No obligation4.
b) Contract of insurance No obligation5.
B3 Contracts Of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage No obligation6.
b) Contract of insurance No obligation7.
A4 Delivery
The seller must place the goods at the disposal of the buyer at the named place of delivery, not
loaded on any collecting vehicle, on the date or within the period agreed or, if no such time is
agreed, at the usual tiny, for delivery of such goods. If no specific point has been agreed within the
named place, and if there are several points available, the seller may se¬lect the point at the place
of delivery which best suits his purpose.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must take delivery of the goods where they have been delivered in accordance. with A4
and A7B7.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods
until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B5 Transfer of risks
buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods
• from the time, they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and

• from the agreed date or the expiry date of any period fixed for taking delivery which arise
because he fails to give notice in accordance with B7, provided, however, that the goods has been
duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the
contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay all costs relating to the goods until such time
as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B6 Division of costs
• The buyer must pay
• all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered m accordance with A4; and
• any additional costs incurred by failing either to take delivery of the goods when they have been
placed at his disposal, or to give appropriate notice in accordance with B7 provided, however, that
the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise
identified as the contract goods; and
• where applicable8 , all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs of can
formalities payable upon export.
The buyer must reimburse all costs and charges incurred by the seller in rendering assistance in
accordance with A2.
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice as to when and where the goods will be placed at
his disposal.
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the time within an agreed period andor the
place of taking delivery, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic messages
No obligation9
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic messages
The buyer must provide the seller with appropriate evidence of having taken delivery.
A9 Checking –packing–marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality, measuring,
weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of placing the goods at the buyer's
disposal.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the particular trade to
make the pods of the contract description available unpacked) which is required for the transport
of the goods, to the extent that the circumstances relating to the transport (for example modalities,
destination) are made known to the seller before the contract of sale is concluded. Packaging is to
be marked appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre shipment inspection, including inspection mandated by
the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense, every assistance in
obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages issued or transmitted in the country of
delivery andor of origin which the buyer may require for the export andor import of the goods

and, where necessary, for their transit through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for procuring
insurance.
B10 Other obligations
The buyer must pay all costs and charincurred m obtaining the documents or equivalent
electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the seller in rendering his
assistance in accordance therewith.

FCA
货交承运人（……指定地点）
________________________________________

“货交承运人（……指定地点）”是指卖方只要将货物在指定的地点交给买方指定的承运人，
并 办理了出口清关手续，即完成交货。需要说明的是，交货地点的选择对于在该地点装货和
卸货的义务会产 生影响。若卖方在其所在地交货，则卖方应负责装货，若卖方在任何其他地
点交货，卖方不负责卸货。
该术语可用于各种运输方式，包括多式联运。
“承运人”指任何人在运输合同中，承诺通过铁 路、公路、空运、海运、内河运输或上述运输
的联合方式履行运输或由他人履行运输。
若买方指定承运人以外的人领取货物，则当卖方将货物交给此人时，即视为已履行了交货义
务。
A 卖方义务
B 买方义务
A1 提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提 供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息，以及合同可能
要求的、证明货物符合合 同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1 支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2 许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自当风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许 可，并在需要办理海关手续时，
办理货物出口所需要的一切海关手续。
B2 许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任进口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理 海关手续时，
办理货物进口和从他国过境的一切海关手续。
A3 运输合同与保险合同
a）运输合同
无义务。但若买方要求，或者如果是商业惯例而买方未适时给予卖方相反指 示，则卖方可按
照通常条件订立运输合同，费用和风险由买方承当。在任何一种情况下，卖方都可以拒绝 订
立此合同；如果拒绝，则应立即通知买方。
b）保险合同
无义务。
B3 运输合同与保险合同
a）运输合同
买方必须自付费用订立自指定的地点运输 货物的合同，卖方按照A3a）订立了运输合同时除

外。
b）保险合同
无义务。
A4 交货
卖方必须在指定的交货地点，在 约定的交货日期或期限内，将货物交付给买方指定的承运人
或其他人，或由卖方按照A3a）选定的承运 人或其他人。
交货在以下时候完成：
a）若指定的地点是卖方所在地，则当货物被装上买方 指定的承运人或代表买方的其他人提
供的运输工具时；
b）若指定的地点不是a）而是其他任 何地点，则当货物在卖方的运输工具上，尚未卸货而
交给买方指定的承运人或其他人或由卖方按照A3a ）选定的承运人或其他人的处置时。
若在指定的地点没有决定具体交货点，且有几个具体交货点可供选 择时，卖方可以在指定的
地点选择最适合其目的的交货点。
若买方没有明确指示，则卖方可以根据运输方式和或货物的数量和或性质将货物交付运
输。
B4 受领货物
买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时，受领货物。
A5 风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已经按照A4规定交货为
止。
B5 风险转移
买方必须按照下述规定承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险：
•自按照A4规定交货之时起；及
•由于买方未能按照A4规定指定承运人或其他人，或其 指定的承运人或其他人未在约定时
间接管货物，或买方未按照B7规定给予卖方相应通知，则自约定的交 货日期或交货期限届
满之日起，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合 同项下
之货物为限。
A6 费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
•与货物有关的一切费用，直至已按照A4规定交货为止；及
•在需要办理海关手续时，货 物出口应办理的海关手续费用及出口应交纳的一切关税、税款
和其他费用。
B6 费用划分
买方必须支付
•自按照A4规定交货之时起与货物有关的一切费用；及
•由于买 方未能按照A4规定指定承运人或其他人、或由于买方指定的人未在约定的时间内
接管货物、或由于买方 未按照B7规定给予卖方相应通知而发生的任何额外费用，但以该项
货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地 划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切 关税、税款和其他费用，以及办理海关手
续的费用及从他国过境的费用。
A7 通知买方
卖方必须给予买方说明货物已按照A4规定交付给承运人的充分通知。若在约定时间承运人
未按 照规定接收货物，则卖方必须相应地通知买方。
B7 通知卖方

买方必须就按照A4规定指定的人的名称给予卖方充分通知，并根据需要指明运输方式和向
该指定的人交 货的日期或期限，以及依情况在指定的地点内的具体交货点。
A8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自担费用向买方提供证明按照A4规定交货的通常单据。
除非前项所述单据是运输单 据，否则，应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须给予买
方一切协助，以取得有关运输合同的运输 单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单、内河运输
单据、空运单、铁路托运单、公路托运单或多式联运单 据）。
如买卖双方约定使用电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以使用有同等作用的电子数据交换
（EDI）讯息所代替。
B8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的交货凭证。
A9 查对、包装、标记
卖方必须支 付为了按照A4交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点数
的费用）。
卖 方必须自付费用提供按照卖方在订立销售合同前已知的有关该货物运输（如运输方式、目
的地）所要求的 包装（除非按照相关行业惯例，合同所述货物通常无需包装发运）。包装应
作适当标记。
B9 货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买 方取得由装运地
国和或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的和必要时从他国过境所需要
的任何单据或有同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）。应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提
供投 保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因取得A10所述单据或电子讯息而发生的 一切费用，并偿付卖方按照该款给
予协助以及按照A3a)订立运输合同所发生的费用。
当买方按照A3a）规定要求卖方协助订立运输合同时，买方必须给予卖方相应的指示。


FCA
FREE CARRIER (... named place)

by the buyer at the named place. It should be noted that the chosen place of delivery has an impact
on the obligations of loading and unloading the goods at that place. If delivery occurs at the
seller's premises, the seller is responsible for loading. If delivery occurs at any other place, the
seller is not responsible for unloading.
term may he used irrespective of the mode of transport, including multimodal transport.

performance of transport by rail, road, air, sea, inland waterway or by a combination of such
modes.
If the buyer nominates a person other than a carrier to receive the goods, the seller is deemed to
have fulfilled his obligation to deliver the goods when they me delivered to that person.

ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic
message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity which may
be required by the contract.
B1 Payment of price
The buyer must pay the price as provided m the contract of sale.
A2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export license or other official
authorization and carry out, where applicable1, all customs formalities necessary for the export of
the goods.
B2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import license or other official
authorization and carry out, where applicable2, all customs formalities for the import of the goods
and for their transit through any country.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
No obligation3. However, if requested by the buyer or if it is Commercial practice and the buyer
does not give an instruction to the contrary in due time, the seller may contract for carriage on
usual terms at the buyer's risk and expense. In either case, the seller may decline to make the con
tract and, if he does, shall Promptly notify the buyer accordingly.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation4
B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
The buyer must contract at his own expense for the carriage of the goods from the named place,
except when the contract of carriage, is made by the seller as provided for in A3 a).
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation5.
A4 Delivery
The seller must deliver the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the buyer, or
chosen by the seller in accordance with A3 a), at the named place on the date or within the period
agreed for delivery.
Delivery is completed,
a) If the named place is the seller's premises, when the goods have been loaded on the means of
transport provided by the carrier nominated by the buyer or another person acting on his behalf.
b) If the named place is anywhere other than a), when the goods are placed at the disposal of' the
carrier or another person nominated by the buyer, or chosen by the seller in accordance with A3 a)
on the seller's means of transport not unloaded.
If no specific point has been agreed within the named place, and if there are several points
available, the seller may select the point at the place of delivery which best suits his purpose.
Failing precise instructions from the buyer, the seller may deliver the goods for carnage m such a
manner as the transport mode andor the quantity andor nature of the goods may require.

B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods
until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B5 Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods
• from the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
• from die agreed date or the expiry date of any agreed period for delivery which arise either
because he fails to nominate the carrier or another person in accordance with A4, or because the
carrier or the party nominated by the buyer fails to take the goods into his charge at the agreed
time, or because the buyer fails to give appropriate notice in accordance with B7, provided,
however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside
or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to tile provisions of B6, pay
•all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4;
and
•where applicable6, the costs of customs formalities as well as all duties, taxes, and other charges
payable upon export.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must pay
•all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4;and
•any additional costs incurred, either because he fails to nominate the carrier or another person in
accordance with A4 or because the party nominated by the buyer fails to take the goods into his
charge at the agreed time, or because he has failed to give appropriate notice in accordance with
B7, provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say,
clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
where applicable7, all duties, taxes and other charges well as die costs of carrying out customs
formalities payable upon import of die goods and for their transit through any country.
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must the buyer sufficient notice that the goods have been delivered in accordance with
A4, Should the carrier fail to take delivery in accordance with A4 at the time agreed, the seller
must notify the buyer accordingly.
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must give the seller sufficient notice of the name of the party designated in A4 mid,
where necessary . specify the. mode of transport, as well as the date or period for delivering the
goods to him and, as the case may be, the point within the place where the goods should be.
delivered to that party.
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The seller must provide the buyer at the seller's the usual proof of delivery, of the
goods in accordance with A4.
Unless the document referred to in the preceding paragraph is the transport document, the seller
must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense, every assistance in obtaining a

transport document for the contract of carriage (for example a negotiable bill of lading, a non
negotiable sea waybill, an inland waterway document, an air waybill, a railway consignment note,
a road consignment note, or a multimodal transport document).
When the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the document referred
to in the preceding paragraph may he replaced by an equivalent electronic data interchange (ED1)
message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the proof of delivery in accordance with A8.
A9 Checking –packing- marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality, measuring,
weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance
with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the particular trade to
send the goods of the contract description unpacked) which is required for the transport of the
goods, to the extent that the circumstances relating to the transport (for example modalities,
destination) are made known to the seller before the contract of sale is concluded. Packaging is to
he marked appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre shipment inspection except when such inspection is
mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter’s request, risk and expense, every assistance in
obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages (other than those mentioned in A8)
issued or transmitted in the country of delivery andor of origin which the buyer may require for
the import of the goods and, where necessary, for their transit through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, Upon request, with the necessary information for procuring
insurance.
B10 other obligations.
The buyer must, pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the documents or equivalent
electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the seller in rendering his
assistance in accordance therewith and in contracting for carriage in accordance with A3 a) .
The buyer must give the seller appropriate instructions whenever the seller’s assistance in
contracting for carriage is required in accordance with A3 a).

FAS

船边交货

（……指定装运港）
________________________________________

“船边交货（……指定装运港）”是指卖方在指定的装运港将货物交到船边，即完成交货。买
方 必须承担自那时起货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。
FAS术语要求卖方办理出口清关手续。

这一点与以前版本的内容相反，以前版本要求买方安排办理出口手续。
但是，如当事方希望买方办理出口手续，需要在销售合同中明确写明。
该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。
A 卖方义务
B 买方义务
A1 提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息， 以及合同可能
要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1 支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2 许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须 自担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，
办理货物出口所需的 一切海关手续。
B2 许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何进口 许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，
办理货物进口和从他国过境所需的一切海关手续。
A3 运输合同和保险合同
a）运输合同
无义务。
b）保险合同
无义务。
B3 运输合同和保险合同
a）运输合同
买方必须自付费用订立自指定的装运港运输货物的合同。
b）保险合同
无义务。
A4 交货
卖方必须在买方指定的装运港，在买方指定的装货地点，在约 定的日期或期限内，按照该港
习惯方式将货物交至买方指定的船边。
B4 受领货物
买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时受领货物。
A5 风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已按照A4规定交货为止。
B5 风险转移
买方必须按照下述规定承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险：
• 自按照A4规定交货时起；及
• 由于买方未按照B7规定通知卖方，或其指定的船只未按时到达， 或未接收货物，或较按
照B7通知的时间提早停止装货，则自约定的交货日期或期限届满时起，但以该项 货物已划
拨到合同项下，即明确保留或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。
A6 费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
• 与货物有关的一切费用，直至已按照A4规定交货为止；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口应办理的海关手续费用及应缴纳的关税、税款和其他费
用。

B6 费用划分
买方必须支付
• 按照A4规定交货时与货物有关的一切费用；及
• 由于买方指定的船只未按时到达，或未装载上述 货物或较按照B7通知的时间提早停止装
货，或由于买方未按照B7规定给予卖方相应的通知而发生的任 何额外费用，但以该项货物
已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限 ；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，及办理海关手续< br>的费用，以及从他国过境的费用。
A7 通知买方
卖方必须给予买方说明货物已交至指定的船边的充分通知。
B7 通知卖方
买方必须给予卖方有关船名、装船点和要求交货时间的充分通知。
A8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自付费用向买方提供证明按照A4规定交货的通常单据。
除非前项所述单据是运输单 据，否则，应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须给予买
方一切协助，以取得运输单据（如可转让 提单、不可转让海运单、内河运输单据）。
如买卖双方约定使用电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以使 用有同等作用的电子数据交换
（EDI）讯息代替。
B8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的交货凭证。
A9 查对、包装、标记
卖方必须支付为按照A4交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质 、丈量、过磅、点数的
费用）。
卖方必须自付费用，提供按照卖方订立销售合同前已知的有关 该货物运输（如运输方式、目
的港）所要求的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例，合同所述货物无需包装发运 ）。包装应作适
当标记。
B9 货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地< br>国和或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的或从他国过境所需的任何单
据或有同 等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因获取A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息所发生的一切 费用，并偿付卖
方因给予协助而发生的费用。
FAS
FREE ALONGSIDE SHIP
(…named port of shipment)
“Free Alongside Ship
vessel at the named port of shipment. This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of
loss of or damage to the goods from that moment.
The FAS term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
THIS IS A REVERSAL FROM PREVIOUS INCOTERMS VERSIONS WHICH REQUIRED

THE BUYER TO ARRANGE FOR EXPORT CLEARANCE.
However, if the parties wish the buyer to clear the goods for export, this should be made clear by
adding explicit wording to this effect in the contract of sale1.
This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic
message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity which may
he required by the contract.
B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must Pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export license or other official
authorization and carry out, where applicable2, all customs formalities necessary for the export of
the goods.
B2 Licenses, authorizations and. formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import license or other official
authorization and carry out, where applicable3 , all customs formalities for the import of the goods
and for their transit through any country.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
NO obligation4.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation5.
B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
The buyer must contract at his own expense for the carriage of the goods
from the named port of shipment.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation6.
A4 Delivery
The seller must place the goods alongside the vessel nominated by the buyer at the loading place
named by the buyer at the named port of shipment on the date or within the agreed period and in
the manner customary at the port.
b4 Taking delivery
The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered m accordance with A4.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods
until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B5 Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods
from the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
from the agreed date or the expiry date of the agreed period for delivery which arise because he

fails to give notice in accordance with B7, or because the vessel nominated by him fails to arrive
on time, or is able to take the goods, or closes for cargo earlier than the time notified in
accordance with B7, provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the
contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
• all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4;
and
• where applicable7,the costs of customs formalities as well as all duties, taxes, and other charges
payable upon export.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must pay
• all costs relating to the goods form the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
• any additional costs incurred, either because the vessel nominated by him has failed to arrive on
time, or is unable to take the goods, or closes for cargo earlier than the lime notified in accordance
with B7, Or because the buyer has failed to give appropriate notice in accordance with B7
provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say,
clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
• where applicable8, all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs of carrying out customs
formalities payable upon import of the goods and for their transit through any country.
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice that the goods have
delivered alongside the nominated vessel.
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must give the seller sufficient notice of the vessel name, loading point and required
delivery time.
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The Seller must provide the buyer at the seller's expense with the proof of delivery of the goods in
accordance with A4.
Unless the document referred to in the preceding paragraph is the transport document, the seller
must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense, every assistance in obtaining a
transport document (for example a negotiable bill of lading, a non - negotiable sea waybill, an
inland waterway document).
When the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the document referred
to in the preceding paragraphs may he replaced by, an equivalent electronic data interchange (EDI)
message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the proof of delivery in accordance with A8.
A9 Checking-packaging-marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations ( such as checking quality, measuring,
weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance
with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the particular trade to
ship the goods of the contract description packed) which is required for the transport of the goods,

to the extent that the circumstances relating to the transport (for example modalities, destination)
are made known to the seller before the contract of sale is concluded. Packaging is to be marked
appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre - shipment inspection, except when such inspection is
mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must provide the buyer, at the latter’s request, risk and expense, every assistance in
obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages(other than those mentioned in
A8)issued or transmitted in the country of shipment andor of origin which the buyer may require
for the import of the goods and, where necessary, for their transit through any country.
B10 Other obligations
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the documents or equivalent
electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the seller in rendering his
assistance in accordance therewith

FOB
船上交货
（……指定装运港）
________________________________________
“ 船上交货（……指定装运港）”是当货物在指定的装运港越过船舷，卖方即完成交货。这
意味着买方必须 从该点起承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。FOB术语要求卖方办理货物出口
清关手续。
该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。如当事各方无意越过船舷交货，则应使用FCA术语。
A 卖方义务
B 买方义务
A1 提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须 提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息，以及合同可能
要求的、证明货物符合 合同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1 支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2 许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许 可，并在需要办理海关手续时，
办理货物出口货物所需的一切海关手续。
B2 许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何进口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办 理海关手续时，
办理货物进口和在必要时从他国过境所需的一切海关手续。
A3 运输合同和保险合同
a）运输合同
无义务。
b）保险合同
无义务。
B3 运输合同和保险合同
a）运输合同

买方必须自付费用订立从指定的装运港运输货物的合同。
b）保险合同
无义务。
A4 交货
卖方必须在约定的日期或期限内，在指定的装运港，按照该港习惯方式，将货物交 至买方指
定的船只上。
B4 受领货物
买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时受领货物。
A5 风险转移
除B5规定者外 ，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至货物在指定的装运港越过
船舷为止。
B5 风险转移
买方必须按照下述规定承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险：
• 货物在指定的装运港越过船舷时起；及
• 于买方未按照B7规定通知卖方，或其指定的船只未按时 到达，或未接收货物，或较按照
B7通知的时间提早停止装货，则自约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日 起，但以该项货物
已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。
A6 费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
• 货物有关的一切费用，直至货物在指定的装运港越过船舷时为止；及
• 需要办理海关手续时，货物出口需要办理的海关手续费用及出口时应交纳的一切关税、税
款和其他费用。
B6 费用划分
买方必须支付
• 货物在指定的装运港越过船舷之时起与货物有关的一切费用；及
• 于买方指定的船只未按时到达， 或未接收上述货物，或较按照B7通知的时间提早停止装
货，或买方未能按照B7规定给予卖方相应的通 知而发生的一切额外费用，但以该项货物已
正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项 下之货物为限；及
• 需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，及办理 海关手续的
费用，以及货物从他国过境的费用。
A7 通知买方
卖方必须给予买方说明货物已按照A4规定交货的充分通知。
B7 通知卖方
买方必须给予卖方有关船名、装船点和要求交货时间的充分通知。
A8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自付费用向买方提供证明货物已按照A4规定交货的通常单据。
除非前项所述单据是 运输单据，否则应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方
一切协助，以取得有关运输合同的 运输单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单、内河运输单
据或多式联运单据）。如买卖双方约定使用电子 方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以由具有同等
作用的电子数据交换（EDI）讯息代替。
B8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的交货凭证。
A9 查对、包装、标记
卖方必须支付为按照A4规定交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物 品质、丈量、过磅、点

数的费用）。
卖方必须自付费用，提供按 照卖方订立销售合同前已知的该货物运输（如运输方式、目的港）
所要求的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例 ，合同所述货物无需包装发运）。包装应作适当标记。
B9 货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助其取得由装运地国< br>和或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的和必要时从他国过境所需的任
何单据或 有同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因获取A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息所发生的一切 费用，并偿付卖方
因给予协助而发生的费用。
FREE ON BOARD
(... named port of shipment)
“Free on Boardmeans that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ship's rail
at the named port of shipment. This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and
risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
seller to clear the goods for export. This term can be used only for sea or inland
waterway transport. If the parties do not intend to deliver the goods across the
ship's rail, the FCA term should he used.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent
electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence
of conformity winch may be required by the contract.
B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export license or other
official authorization and carry out, where applicable1 , all customs formalities
necessary for the export of the goods.
B2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import license or other official
authorization and carry out, where applicable2, all customs formalities for the
import of the goods and, where necessary, for their transit through any country .
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
No obligation3
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation 4 .
B3 Contract of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage

The buyer must contract at his own expense for the carriage of the goods from the
named port of shipment.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation.5
A4 Delivery
The seller must deliver the goods on the date or within the agreed period at the
named port of shipment and in the manner customary at the port on board the vessel
nominated by the buyer.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance
with A4.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage
to the goods until such time as they have passed the ship's rail at the named port
of shipment.
B5 Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods
from the time they have passed the ship's rail at the named port of shipment; and
frorn the agreed date or the expiry date of the agreed period for delivery which
arise because he fails to give notice in accordance with B7, or because the vessel
nominated by him flails to arrive on time, or is unable to take the goods, or closes
for cargo earlier than the time notified in accordance with B7, provided, however,
that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly
set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have passed the ship's rail
at the named port of shipment; and
where applicable6 , the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well
as all duties, taxes and other charges payable upon export.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must pay
all costs relating to the goods from the time they have passed the ship' s rail at
the named port of shipment; and
any additional costs incurred, either because the vessel nominated by him fails to
arrive on time, or is unable to take the goods, or closes for cargo earlier than
the time notified in accordance with B7, or because the buyer has failed to give
appropriate notice in accordance with B7, provided, however, that the goods have
been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise
identified as the contract goods; and
where applicable7,all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs of
carrying out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and for their
transit through any country.
A7 Notice to the buyer

The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice that the goods have been delivered
in accordance with A4.
B7 Notice to the buyer
The buyer must give the seller sufficient notice of the vessel name, loading point
and required delivery time.
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The seller must provide the buyer at the seller's expense with the usual proof of
delivery in accordance with A4.
Unless the document referred to in the preceding paragraph is the transport document,
the seller must render the buyer, at the latter's request, risk and expense, every
assistance in obtaining a transport document for the contract of carriage (for
example, a negotiable bill of lading, a non -negotiable sea waybill, an inland
waterway document, or a multimodal transport document) .
Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the
document referred to in the preceding paragraph may be replaced by an equivalent
electronic data interchange (EDI) message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the proof of delivery in accordance with A8.
A9 Checking - packaging - marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality,
measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering
the goods in accordance with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the
particular trade to ship the goods of the contract description unpacked) which is
required for the transport of the goods, to the extent that the circumstances
relating to the transport (for example modalities, destination) are made known to
the seller before the contract of sale is concluded. Packaging is to be marked
appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre - shipment inspection except when such
inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense, every
assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages (other than
those mentioned in A8) issued or transmitted m the country of shipment andor of
origin which the buyer may require for the import of the goods and, where necessary,
for their transit through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for
procuring insurance.
B10 Other obligation
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the documents or
equivalent electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the
seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith.

CFR
成本加运费 （……指定目的港）
________________________________________
“ 成本加运费（……指定目的港）”，是指在装运港货物越过船舷卖方即完成交货，卖方必
须支付将货物运 至指定的目的港所需的运费和费用。但交货后货物灭失或损坏的风险，以及
由于各种事件造成的任何额外 费用，即由卖方转移到买方。
CFR术语要求卖方办理出口清关手续。
该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。如当事各方无意越过船舷交货，则应使用CPT术语。
A 卖方义务
B 买方义务
A1 提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合 同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息，以及合同可能
要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他 任何凭证。
B1 支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2 许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要 办理海关手续
时，办理货物出口货物所需的一切海关手续。
B2 许可证、其他许可和手续
方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何进口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，
办理 货物进口及从他国过境的一切海关手续。
A3 运输合同和保险合同
a）运输合同 卖方必须自付费用，按照通常条件订立运输合同，经由惯常航线，将货物用通常可供运输合
同所指货 物类型的海轮（或依情况适合内河运输的船只）运输至指定的目的港。
b）保险合同
无义务。
B3 运输合同与保险合同
）运输合同
无义务。
b）保险合同
无义务。
A4 交货
方必须在装运港，在约定的日期或期限内，将货物交至船上。
B4 受领货物
方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时受领货物，并在指定的目的港从承运人收受货物。
A5 风险转移
B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至货物在装运港越过船舷为止。
B5 风险转移
买方必须承担货物在装运港越过船舷之后灭失或损坏的一切风险。
如买方未按照B7规定给予卖方通知，买方必须从约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，
承担货物灭失 或损坏的一切风险，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其
他方式确定为合同项下之货 物为限。
A6 费用划分

B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
• 货物有关的一切费用，直至已经按照A4规定交货为止；及
• 按照A3a）规定所发 生的运费和其他一切费用，包括货物的装船费和根据运输合同由卖方
支付的、在约定卸货港的任何卸货费 ；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口需要办理的海关手续费用及出口时应缴纳的一切关税、< br>税款和其他费用，以及如果根据运输合同规定，由卖方支付的货物从他国过境的费用。
B6 费用划分
A3a）规定外，买方必须支付
• 自按照A4规定交货时起的一切费用；及
• 货物在运输途中直至到达目的港为止的一切费用，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支
付；及
• 包括驳运费和码头费在内的卸货费，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支付；及
• 如买方未按照B7规定给予卖方通知，则自约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，货物
所发生的一切额 外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确
定为合同项下之货物为限；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，及办理海关手续
的 费用，以及需要时从他国过境的费用，除非这些费用已包括在运输合同中。
A7 通知买方
方必须给予买方说明货物已按照A4规定交货的充分通知，以及要求的任何其他通知，以便
买方能够为 受领货物采取通常必要的措施。
B7 通知卖方
旦买方有权决定装运货物的时间和或目的港，买方必须就此给予卖方充分通知。
A8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
方必须自付费用，毫不迟延地向买方提供表明载往约定目的港的通常运输单据。
单据（如可转 让提单、不可转让海运单或内河运输单据）必须载明合同货物，其日期应在约
定的装运期内，使买方得以 在目的港向承运人提取货物，并除非另有约定，应使买方得以通
过转让单据（可转让提单）或通过通知承 运人，向其后手买方出售在途货物。
如此运输单据有数份正本，则应向买方提供全套正本。
如买卖双方约定使用电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以由具有同等作用的电子数据交换
（EDI）讯息 代替。
B8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
方必须接受按照A8规定提供的运输单据，如果该单据符合合同规定的话。
A9 查对、包装、标记
方必须支付为按照A4规定交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过磅 、点数
的费用）。
方必须自付费用提供符合其安排的运输所要求的包装（除非按照相关行业惯 例该合同所描述
货物无需包装发运）。包装应作适当标记。
B9 货物检验
方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地< br>国和或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的和必要时从他国过境所需的
任何单据 或有同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。

B10 其他义务
方必须支付因获取A10所述单据或有同等作用 的电子讯息所发生的一切费用，并偿付卖方因
给予协助而发生的费用。


CFR
COST AND FREIGHT
( ... named port of destination)
“Cost and Freight means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ship' s
rail in the port of shipment.
The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the paned
port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as well as any
additional costs due to events occurring after the time of delivery, we transferred
from the seller to the buyer.
The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
This term can he used only for sea and inland waterway transport. If the parties
do not intend to deliver the goods across the ship's rail, the CPT term should be
used.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent
electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence
of conformity which may he required by the contract.
B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
]be seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export license or other
official authorization and carry out, where applicable1, all customs formalities
necessary for the export of the goods.
B2 Licenses, authorizations am formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import license or other official
authorization and carry out, where applicable2, A customs formalities for the import
of the goods and for their transit through any country.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
The seller must contract on usual terms at his own expense for the carriage of the
goods to the named port of destination by the usual route in a seagoing vessel (or
inland waterway vessel as the case may be) of the type normally used for the ~port
of goods of the contract description.
h) Contract of insurance
No obligation 3.
B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance

a) Contract of carriage
No obligation4.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation5 .
A4 Delivery
The seller must deliver the goods on board the vessel at the port of shipment on
the date or within the agreed period.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must accept delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in
accordance with A4 and receive them from the earner at the named port of destination.
A5 Transfer Of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage
to the goods until such time as they have passed the ship's rail at the port of
shipment.
B5 Transfer Of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they
have passed the ship's rail at the port of shipment.
The buyer must, should he fail to give notice in accordance with B7, bear all risks
of loss of or damage to the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the
period fixed for shipment provided, however, that the goods that the goods have been
duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise
identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
• all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in
accordance with A4;
• the freight and all other costs resulting from A3 a) , including the costs of
loading the goods on board and any charges for unloading at the agreed port of
discharge which were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage; arid,
where applicable6, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well
as all duties, taxes and other charges payable upon export, and for their transit
through any country if they were for the seller's account under the contract of
carriage.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must, subject to the provisions of A3 a), pay
• all costs relating to the 90OCIS from the tune they have been delivered in
accordance with A4; and
• all costs and charges relating to the goods whilst in transit until their arrival
at the Port of destination, unless such costs and charges were for the seller's
account under the contract of carriage; and
• unloading costs including lighterage and wharfage charges, unless such costs and
charges were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage; and
• all additional costs incurred if he fails to give notice in accordance with B7,
for the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the period fixed for shipment,

provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that
is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
• where applicable7 , all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs Of
carrying Out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and, where
necessary, for their transit through any country less included within the cost of
the contract of damage.
A7 Notice the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice that the goods have been delivered
in accordance with A4 as well as any other notice required in order to allow the
buyer to take measures which are normally necessary to enable him to take the goods.
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the time for shipping the goods
andor the port of destination, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The seller must at his own expense provide the buyer without delay with the usual
transport document for the agreed port of destination.
This document (for example a negotiable bill of lading, a non-negotiable sea waybill
Or an inland waterway document) must cover the contract goods, be dated within the
period agreed for shipment, enable the buyer to claim the goods from the carrier
at the port of destination and, unless otherwise agreed, enable the buyer to sell
the goods in transit by the transfer of the document to a subsequent buyer (the
negotiable bill of lading) or by notification to the carrier.
When such a transport document is issued in several originals, a full set of originals
must be presented to the buyer.
Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the
document referred to in the preceding paragraphs may he replaced by an equivalent
electronic data interchange (EDI) message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the transport document in accordance with A8 if it is in
conformity with the contract.
A9 Checking-packing-marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality,
measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering
the goods in accordance with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the
particular trade to ship the goods of the contract description packed) which is
required for the transport of the goods arranged by him. Packaging is to he marked
appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre shipment inspection except when such
inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter’s request, risk and expense, every
assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages (other than

those mentioned in A8) issued or transmitted in the country of shipment andor of
origin which the buyer may require for the import of the goods and, where necessary,
for their transit through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for
procuring insurance.
B10 Other obligations
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the documents or
equivalent electronic message mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the
seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith.

CIF
成本、保险费加运费 （……指定目的港）
________________________________________

“成本、保险费加运费”是指在装运港当货物越过船舷时卖方即完成交货。
卖方必须支付将货 物运至指定的目的港所需的运费和费用，但交货后货物灭失或损坏的风险
及由于各种事件造成的任何额外 费用即由卖方转移到买方。但是，在CIF条件下，卖方还必
须办理买方货物在运输途中灭失或损坏风险 的海运保险。
因此，由卖方订立保险合同并支付保险费。买方应注意到，CIF术语只要求卖方投保最 低限
度的保险险别。如买方需要更高的保险险别，则需要与卖方明确地达成协议，或者自行作出
额外的保险安排。
CIF术语要求卖方办理货物出口清关手续。
该术语仅适用于海运和内河运输。若当事方无意越过船舷交货则应使用CIP术语。
A 卖方义务
B 买方义务
A1 提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合 同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息，以及合同可能
要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他 任何凭证。
B1 支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2 许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办 理海关手续时，
办理货物出口货物所需的一切海关手续。
B2 许可证、其他许可和手续 < br>买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何进口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，
办理 货物进口及从他国过境的一切海关手续。
A3 运输合同和保险合同
a）运输合同
卖方必须自付费用，按照通常条件订立运输合同，经由惯常航线，将货物用通常可供运输合
同所指货物 类型的海轮（或依情况适合内河运输的船只）装运至指定的目的港。
b）保险合同
卖方必须 按照合同规定，自付费用取得货物保险，并向买方提供保险单或其他保险证据，以
使买方或任何其他对货 物具有保险利益的人有权直接向保险人索赔。保险合同应与信誉良好

的保险人 或保险公司订立，在无相反明确协议时，应按照《协会货物保险条款》（伦敦保险
人协会）或其他类似条 款中的最低保险险别投保。保险期限应按照B5和B4规定。应买方要
求，并由买方负担费用，卖方应加 投战争、罢工、暴乱和民变险，如果能投保的话。最低保
险金额应包括合同规定价款另加10%（即11 0%），并应采用合同货币。
B3 运输合同与保险合同
a）运输合同
无义务。
b）保险合同
无义务。
A4 交货
卖方必须在装运港，在约定的日期或期限内，将货物交至船上。
B4 受领货物
买方必须在卖方已按照A4规定交货时受领货物，并在指定的目的港从承运人处收受货物。
A5 风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至货物在装运港越过船舷为
止。
B5 风险转移
买方必须承担货物在装运港越过船舷之后灭失或损坏的一切风险。
如买方未按照B7规定给予卖方通知，买方必须从约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，
承担货物灭失 或损坏的一切风险，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其
他方式确定为合同项下之货 物为限。
A6 费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
• 与货物有关的一切费用，直至已经按照A4规定交货为止；及
• 按照A3a）规定所发生的运费和其他一切费用，包括货物的装船费；及
• 按照A3b）规定所发生的保险费用；及
• 根据运输合同由卖方支付的、在约定卸货港的任何卸货费用；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物出 口需要办理的海关手续费用及出口时应缴纳的一切关税、
税款和其他费用，以及根据运输合同规定由卖方 支付的货物从他国过境的费用。
B6 费用划分
除A3a)规定外，买方必须支付
• 自按照A4规定交货时起的一切费用；及
• 货物在运输途中直至到达目的港为止的一切费用，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支
付；及
• 包括驳运费和码头费在内的卸货费，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支付；及
• 如买方未按照B7规定给予卖方通知，则自约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，货物
所发生的一切额 外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确
定为合同项下之货物为限；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，及办理海关手续
的 费用，以及需要时从他国过境的费用，除非这些费用已包括在运输合同中。
A7 通知买方
卖方必须给予买方说明货物已按照A4规定交货的充分通知，以及要求的任何其他通知，以
便买方能够 为受领货物采取通常必要的措施。
B7 通知卖方

一旦买方有权决定装运货物的时间和或目的港，买方必须就此给予卖方充分通知。
A8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自付费用，毫不迟延地向买方提供表明载往约定目的港的通常运输单据。
此单据（如 可转让提单、不可转让海运单或内河运输单据）必须载明合同货物，其日期应在
约定的装运期内，使买方 得以在目的港向承运人提取货物，并且，除非另有约定，应使买方
得以通过转让单据（可转让提单）或通 过通知承运人，向其后手买方出售在途货物。
如此运输单据有数份正本，则应向买方提供全套正本。
如买卖双方约定使用电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以由具有同等作用的电子数据交换
（ED I）讯息代替。
B8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的运输单据，如果该单据符合合同规定的话。
A9 查对、包装、标记
卖方必须支付为按照A4规定交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过 磅、点
数的费用）。
卖方必须自付费用，提供符合其安排的运输所要求的包装（除非按照相关 行业惯例该合同所
描述货物无需包装发运）。包装应作适当标记。
B9 货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地< br>国和或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的和必要时从他国过境所需的
任何单据 或有同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供额外投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必 须支付因获取A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息所发生的一切费用，并偿付卖方
因给予协助而发生 的费用。
应卖方要求，买方必须向其提供投保所需的信息


CIF
COST, INSURANCE AND FREIGHT
(... named port of destination)
“Cost, Insurance and Freight
the ship's rail in the port of shipment.
The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the pods to the named
port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as well as any
additional costs due to events occurring after the time of delivery, are transferred
from the seller to the buyer. However, in CIF the seller also has to procure marine
insurance against the buyer's risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the
carriage.
Consequently, the seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium.
The buyer should note that under the CIF term the seller is required to obligation
insurance only on minimum cover1. Should the buyer wish to have the protection of

greater cover, he would either need to agree as such expressly with the seller or
to make his own extra insurance arrangements.
The CIF term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
This term can be used only for sea and inland waterway transport. If the parties
intend to deliver the goods across the ship's rail, the CIP term should be used.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods In conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent
electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence
of conformity which may be required by the contract.
B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licenses, authorization and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export license or other
official authorization and carry out, where applicalbe2, all customs formalities
necessary for the export of the goods.
B2 Licenses, authorization and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import license or other official
authorization and carry out, where applicable, all customs formalities for the
import of the goods and for their transit through any country.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
The seller must contract on usual terms at his own expense for the carriage of the
goods to the named port of destination by the usual route in a seagoing vessel (or
inland waterway vessel as the case may be) of the type normally used for the transport
of goods of the contract description.
b) Contract of insurance
The seller must obtain at his own expense cargo insurance as agreed in the contract,
such dud the buyer, or any other person having an insurable interest in the goods,
shall be entitled to claim directly from the insurer and provide the buyer with the
insurance policy or other evidence of insurance cover.
The insurance shall be contracted with underwriters or an insurance company of good
repute and, failing express agreement to the contrary, be m accordance with minimum
cover of the Institute Cargo Clauses (Institute of London Underwriters) or any
similar set of clauses. The duration of insurance cover shall, be in accordance with
B5 and B4. When required by the buyer, the seller shall. provide at the buyer's
expense war, strikes, riots and civil commotion risk insurances if procurable. The
minimum insurance shall, cover the price provided in the contract plus ten per cent
(i.e. 110%) and shall he provided in the currency of the contract.
B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
No obligation4.
b) Contract of insurance

No obligation5.
A4 Delivery
The seller must deliver the goods on board the vessel at the port of shipment on
the date or within the agreed period.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must accept delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in
accordance with A4 and receive than from the carrier at the trans port of destination.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage
to the goods until such tune as they have passed the ship's rail at the port of
shipment.
B5 Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they
have passed the ship' s rail at the port of shipment .
The buyer must, should he fail to give notice in accordance with B7, bear all risks
of loss of or damage to the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the
period fixed for shipment provided, however, that the goods have been duly
appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise
identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
• all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in
accordance with A4; and
• the freight and all other costs resulting from A3 a) , including the costs, of
loading the goods on board;
• and the costs of insurance resulting from A3 b); and
• any charges for unloading at the agreed port of discharge which were for the
seller's account under the contract Of carriage; and
• where applicable6, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well
as all duties, taxes and other charges payable upon export, and for their transit
through any country if they were for the seller' s account under the contract of
carriage.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must, subject to the provisions of A3, pay
• all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered in accordance
with A4; and
• all costs and charges relating to the goods whilst in transit until their arrival
at the port of destination, unless such costs and charges were for the seller's
account under the contract of carriage; and
• unloading costs including lighterage and wharfage charges, unless such costs and
charges were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage; and
• all additional costs incurred if he fails to give notice in accordance with B7,
for the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the period fixed for shipment,
provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that

is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
• where applicable7 , all duties, taxes and other charges as well as die costs of
carrying out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and, where
necessary, for their transit through any country less included within the cost of
the contract of carriage.
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice that the goods have been delivered
in accordance with A4 as well as any other notice required in order to allow the
buyer to take measures which are normally necessary to enable him to take the goods.
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the time for shipping the goods
andor the port of destination, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The seller must, at his own expense, provide the buyer without delay with the usual
transport document for the agreed port of destination.
This document (for example a negotiable bill of lading, a non-negotiable sea waybill
or an inland waterway document) must cover the contract goods, be dated within the
period agreed for shipment, enable the buyer to claim the goods from the carrier
at the port of destination and, unless otherwise agreed, enable the buyer to sell
the goods in transit by the transfer of the document to a subsequent buyer (the
negotiable bill of lading) or by notification to the carrier.
When such a transport document is issued in several originals, a full set of originals
must be presented to the buyer.
Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the
document referred to in the preceding paragraphs may he replaced by an equivalent
electronic data interchange (EDI) message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the transport document in accordance with A8 if it is in
conformity with the contract.
A9 Checking-packaging-marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality,
measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering
the goods in accordance with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the
particular trade to ship the goods of the contract description packed) which is
required for the transport of the goods arranged by him. Packaging is to he marked
appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre- shipment inspection except when such
inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense, every
assistance m obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages (other than
those mentioned in A8) issued or transmitted in the country of shipment andor of

origin which the buyer may require for the import of the goods and, where necessary,
for their transit through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for
procuring any additional insurance.
B10 Other obligations
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the documents or
equivalent electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the
seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith.
The buyer must provide the seller, upon request, with the necessary information for
procuring insurance.



CPT
运费付至（……指定目的地）
“运费付至（……指定地点）”是指卖方向其指定的承运人交货 ，但卖方还必须支付将货物
运至目的地的运费。亦即买方承担交货之后一切风险和其他费用。
“承运人”是指任何人，在运输合同中，承诺通过铁路、公路、空运、海运、内河运输或上
述运输的联合 方式履行运输或由他人履行运输。如果还使用接运的承运人将货物运至约定目
的地，则风险自货物交给第 一承运人时转移。
CPT术语要求卖方办理出口清关手续。
该术语可适用于各种运输方式，包括多式联运。
A 卖方义务
B 买方义务
A1 提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作 用的电子讯息。以及合同可能
要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1 支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2 许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，
办理货物出 口货物所需的一切海关手续。
B2 许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和费用，取 得任何进口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，
办理货物进口及从他国过境的一切海关手 续。
A3 运输合同和保险合同
a）运输合同
卖方必须自付费用，按照通常条 件订立运输合同，依通常路线及习惯方式，将货物运至指定
的目的地的约定点。如未约定或按照惯例也无 法确定具体交货点，则卖方可在指定的目的地
选择最适合其目的的交货点。
b）保险合同
无义务。
B3 运输合同与保险合同

a）运输合同
无义务。
b）保险合同
无义务。
A4 交货
卖方必须向按照 A3规定订立合同的承运人交货，或如还有接运的承运人时，则向第一承运
人交货，以使货物在约定的日 期或期限内运至指定的目的地的约定点。
B4 受领货物
买方必须在卖方已按照A4规定交货时受领货物，并在指定的目的地从承运人处收受货物。
A5 风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已按照A4规定交货为止。
B5 风险转移
买方必须承当按照A4规定交货时起货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。
如买方未能按照B7规定给予卖方通知，则买方必须从约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日
起，承担货物 灭失或损坏的一切风险，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或
以其他方式确定为合同项下 之货物为限。
A6 费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
• 直至按照A4 规定交货之时与货物有关的一切费用，以及按照A3a）规定所发生的运费和
其他一切费用，包括根据运 输合同规定由卖方支付的装货费和在目的地的卸货费；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口需要 办理的海关手续费用及出口时应缴纳的一切关税、
税款和其他费用，以及根据运输合同规定，由卖方支付 的货物从他国过境的费用。
B6 费用划分
除A3a）规定外，买方必须支付
• 自按照A4规定交货时起的一切费用；及
• 货物在运输途中直至到达目的地为止的一切费用，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支
付；及
• 卸货费，除非根据运输合同应由卖方支付；及
• 如买方未按照B7规定给予卖方通知 ，则自约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，货物
所发生的一切额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合 同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确
定为合同项下之货物为限；及
• 在需要办理海关手 续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，及办理海关手续
的费用，以及从他国过境的费用， 除非这些费用已包括在运输合同中。
A7 通知买方
卖方必须给予买方说明货物已按照A 4规定交货的充分通知，以及要求的任何其他通知，以
便买方能够为受领货物采取通常必要的措施。
B7 通知卖方
一旦买方有权决定发送货物的时间和或目的地，买方必须就此给予卖方充分通知。
A8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自付费用（如果习惯如此的话）向买方提供按照 A3订立的运输合同所涉的通常运
输单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单、内河运输单据、空运货运单 、铁路运单、公路运
单或多式联运单据）。
如买卖双方约定使用电子方式通讯，则前项所述单 据可以由具有同等作用的电子数据交换
（EDI）讯息代替。

B8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的运输单据，如果该单据符合合同规定的话。
A9 查对、包装、标记
卖方必须支付为按照A4规定交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过 磅、点
数的费用）。
卖方必须自付费用，提供符合其安排的运输所要求的包装（除非按照相关 行业惯例该合同所
描述货物无需包装发运）。包装应作适当标记。
B9 货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地< br>国和或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的和必要时从他国过境所需的
任何单据 或有同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因获取A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息所发生的一切 费用，并偿付卖方
因给予协助而发生的费用。
CPT
Carriage Paid To
(...named place of destination)

nominated by him, but the seller must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary
to bring the goods to the named destination. This means that the buyer bears aft
risks and any other costs occurring after the goods have been so delivered.
means, who, in a contract of carriage, undertakes to perform or to procure
the performance of transport, by rail, road, air, sea, inland waterway or by a
combination of such modes. If subsequent carriers are used for the carriage to the
agreed destination, the risk passes when the goods have been delivered to the first
carrier.
The CPT term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
This term may be used irrespective of the mode of transport including multimodal
transport .
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent
electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any Other evidence
of conformity which may be required by the contract.
B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided m the contract of sale.
A2 Licenses, authorization and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export license or other
official authorization and carry out, where applicable1, all customs formalities
necessary for the transit of the goods.

B2 Licenses, authorization and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import license or other official
authorization and carry out, where applicable2 , all customs formalities for the
import of the goods and for their transit through any country.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
The seller must contract on usual terms at his own expense for the carriage of the
goods to the agreed point at the named place of destination by a usual route and
in a customary manner. If a point is not agreed or is not determined by practice,
the seller may select the point at the named place of destination which best suits
his purpose.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation3.
B3 contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
No obligation4.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation5.
A4 Delivery
The seller must deliver the goods to the carrier contracted m accordance with A3
or, if there are subsequent carriers to the first carrier, for transport to the agreed
point at the named place on the date or within the agreed period.
The buyer must accept delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in
accordance with A4 and receive them from the carrier at the named place.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must accept delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in
accordance with A4 and receive them from the carrier at named place.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage
to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B5 Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they
have been delivered in accordance with A4.
The buyer must, should he fail to give notice in accordance with B7, bear all risks
of the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the period fixed for delivery
provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that
is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
• all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in
accordance with A4 as well as the freight and all other costs resulting from A3 a),
including the costs of loading the goods and any charges for unloading at the place
of destination which were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage;
and

• where applicable6, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well
as all duties, taxes or other charges payable upon export, and for their transit
through any country if they were for the seller' s account under the contract of
carriage.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must, subject to the provisions of A3 a), pay
• all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered in accordance
with A4; and
• all costs and charges relating to the goods whilst in transit until their arrival
at the agreed place of destination, unless such costs and charges were for the
seller's account under the contract of carriage; and
• unloading costs unless such costs and charges were for the seller's ac count under
the contract of carriage; and
• all additional costs incurred if he fails to give notice in accordance with B7,
for the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the period fixed for dispatch,
provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that
is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
• where applicable7 , all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs of
carrying out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and for their
transit through any country unless included within the cost of the contract of
carriage.
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice that the goods have been delivered
in accordance with A4 as well as any other notice required in order to allow the
buyer to take measures which are normally necessary to enable him to take the goods.
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the time for dispatching the
goods andor the destination, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The seller must provide the buyer at the seller's expense, if customary, with the
usual transport document or documents (for example a negotiable bill. of lading,
a non - negotiable sea waybill, an inland waterway document, an air waybill, a railway
consignment note, a road consignment note, or a multimodal transport document) for
the transport contracted in accordance with A3.
Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the
document referred to in the preceding paragraph may be replaced by an equivalent
electronic data interchange (EDI) message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the transport document in accordance with A8 if it is in
conformity with the contract.
A9 Checking-packaging-marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations ( such as checking quality,
measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering
the goods in accordance with A4.

The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the
particular trade to send the goods of the contract description unpacked) which is
required for the transport of the goods arranged by him. Packaging is to be marked
appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre - shipment inspection except when such
inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense, every
assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages (other than
those mentioned in A8) issued or transmitted in the country of dispatch andor of
origin which the buyer my require for the import of the goods and for their transit
through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for
procuring insurance.
B10 Other obligations
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the documents or
equivalent electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the
seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith

CIP

运费和保险费付至（……指定目的地）
________________________________________

“运费和保险费付至（……指定目的地）”是指卖方向其指定的承运人交货，但卖方还必须
支付 将货物运至目的地的运费，亦即买方承担卖方交货之后的一切风险和额外费用。但是，
按照CIP术语， 卖方还必须办理买方货物在运输途中灭失或损坏风险的保险。
因此，由卖方订立保险合同并支付保险费。
买方应注意到，CIP术语只要求卖方投保最低限 度的保险险别。如买方需要更高的保险险别，
则需要与卖方明确地达成协议，或者自行作出额外的保险安 排。
“承运人”指任何人在运输合同中，承诺通过铁路、公路、空运、海运、内河运输或上述运
输的联合方式履行运输或由他人履行运输。
如果还使用接运的承运人将货物运至约定目的地，则风险自货物交给第一承运人时转移。
CIP术语要求卖方办理出口清关手续。
该术语可适用于各种运输方式，包括多式联运。
A 卖方义务
B 买方义务
A1 提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提 供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息，以及合同可能
要求的、证明货物符合合 同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1 支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2 许可证、其他许可和手续

卖方必须自担风险和费用，取得任 何出口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时
办理货物出口所需的一切海关手续。
B2 许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何进口许可证或其他官方许 可，并在需要办理海关手续时
办理货物进口和从他国过境所需的一切海关手续。
A3 运输合同和保险合同
a)运输合同
卖方必须必须自付费用，按照通常条件订立运输合同，依 通常路线及习惯方式，将货物运至
指定的目的地的约定点。若未约定或按照惯例也不能确定具体交货点， 则卖方可在指定的目
的地选择最适合其目的的交货点。
b)保险合同
卖方必须按照 合同规定，自付费用取得货物保险，并向买方提供保险单或其他保险证据，以
使买方或任何其他对货物具 有保险利益的人有权直接向保险人索赔。保险合同应与信誉良好
的保险人或保险公司订立，在无相反明示 协议时，应按照《协会货物保险条款》（伦敦保险
人协会）或其他类似条款中的最佳限度保险险别投保。 保险期限应按照B5和B4规定。应买
方要求，并由买方负担费用，卖方应加投战争、罢工、暴乱和民变 险，如果能投保的话。最
低保险金额应包括合同规定价款另加10%（即110%），并应采用合同货币 。
B3 运输合同和保险合同
a)运输合同
无义务。
b)保险合同
无义务。
A4 交货
卖方必须在约定日期或期限内向按照A3规定订立合同的承运 人交货，或如有接运的承运人
时，向第一承运人交货，以使货物运至指定的目的地的约定点。
B4 受领货物
买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时受领货物，并在指定的目的地从承运人处收受货物。
A5 风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已经按照A4规定交货为止。
B5 风险转移
买方必须承担按照A4规定交货后货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。买方如未按照 B7规定通知卖
方，则必须从约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日起，承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险， 但
以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。
A6 费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
• 与货物有关的工切费用，直至 已经按照A4规定交货为止，以及按照A3a)规定所发生的运
费和其他一切费用，包括装船费和根据运 输合同应由卖方支付的在目的地的卸货费；及
• 按照A3b)发生的保险费用；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口需要办理的海关手续费用，以及货物出口时应交纳的一
切关税、税款和 其他费用，以及根据运输合同由卖方支付的货物从他国过境的费用。
B6 费用划分
除A3规定者外，买方必须支付
• 自按照A4规定交货之时起与货物有关的一切费用；及
• 货物在运输途中直至到达约定目的地为止的一切费用，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖

方支付；及
• 卸货费，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支付；及
• 如 买方未按照B7规定给予卖方通知，则自约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，货物
所发生的一切额外 费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确
定为合同项下之货物为限；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，及办理海关手续
的 费用，以及从他国过境的费用，除非这些费用已包括在运输合同中。
A7 通知买方
卖方 必须给予买方说明货物已按照A4规定交货的充分通知，以及要求的任何其他通知，以
便买方能够为受领 货物而采取通常必要的措施。
B7 通知卖方
一旦买方有权决定发运货物的时间和／或目的地，买方必须就此给予卖方充分通知。
A8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自付费用（如果习惯如此的话）向买方提供按照 A3订立的运输合同所涉及的通常
运输单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单、内河运输单据、空运货运 单、铁路运单、公路
运单或多式联运单据）。
如买卖双方约定使用电子方式通讯，则前项所述 单据可以由具有同等作用的电子数据交换
(EDI)讯息代替。
B8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的运输单据，如果该单据符合合同规定的话。
A9 查对、包装、标记
卖方必须支付为按照A4规定交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过 磅、点
数的费用）。
卖方必须自付费用，提供符合其安排的运输所要求的包装（除非按照相关 行业惯例该合同所
描述的货物无需包装发运）。包装应作适当标记。
B9 货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地< br>国和／或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物以能要求的和从他国过境所需的任何单
据或有 同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因获取A10所 述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息所发生的一切费用，并偿付卖方
因给予协助而发生费用。
应卖方要求，买方必须向卖方提供办理投保所需用的信息
CIP
CARRIAGE AND INSURANCE PAID TO ( ... named place of destination)
“Carriage and Insurance paid to...” means that the seller delivers the goods the
carrier nominated by him but the seller must m addition pay the cost of carriage
necessary to bring the goods to the named destination. This means that the buyer
bears all risks and any additional costs occurring after the goods have been so
delivered. However, in CIP the seller also has to procure insurance against the
buyer's risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage.
Consequently, the seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium.

The buyer should note that under the CIP term the seller is required to obtain
insurance only on minimum cover1. Should the buyer wish to have the protection of
greater cover, he would either need to agree as such expressly with the seller or
to make his own extra insurance arrangements.

or to procure the performance of transport, by rail, road, air, sea, inland waterway
or by a combination of such modes.
If subsequent carriers are used for the carriage to the agreed destination, the risk
passes when the goods have been delivered to the first carrier.
The CIP term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
This term may he used irrespective of the mode of transport including multimodal
transport.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods in Conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent
electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence
of conformity which my he required by the contract.
Bl Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export license or other
official authorization and carry out, where applicable2, all customs formalities
necessary for the export of the goods.
B2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import license or other official
authorization and carry out, where applicable3, an customs formalities for the
import of the goods and for their transit through any country.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
The seller must contract on usual terms at his own expense for the carriage of the
goods to the agreed point at the named place of destination by a usual route and
in a customary manner. If a point is not agreed or is not determined by practice,
the seller may select the point at the named place of destination which best suits
his purpose.
b) Contract of insurance
The seller must obtain at his own expense cargo insurance as agreed in the contract,
such that the buyer, or any other person having an insurable interest m the goods,
shall be entitled to claim directly from the insurer and provide the buyer with the
insurance policy or other evidence of insurance cover.
The insurance shall be contracted with underwriters or an insurance company of good
repute and, failing express agreement to the contrary, he in accordance with minimum
cover of the Institute Cargo Clauses (Institute of London Underwriters) or any
similar set of clauses. The duration of insurance cover shall he in accordance with

B5 and B4. When required by the buyer, the seller shall provide. at the buyer's
expense war, strikes, riots and civil commotion risk insurances if procurable. The
minimum insurance shall cover the price provided in the contract plus ten per cent
(i.e.110% ) and shall be provided in the currency of the contract.
B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
NO obligation .
h) Contract of insurance
No obligation.
A4 Delivery
The seller must deliver the goods to the carrier contracted in accordance with A3
or, if there are subsequent carriers to the first carrier, for transport to the agreed
point at the named place on the date or within the agreed period.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must accept delivery, of the goods when they have been delivered in
accordance with A4 and receive them from the carrier at the named place.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of 1oss of or damage
to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B5 Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods hum the time they
have been delivered in accordance with A4.
The buyer must, should he fail to give notice in accordance with B7, bear all risks
of the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the period fixed for delivery
Provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that
is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
• all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in
accordance with A4 as well as the height and all other costs resulting from A3 a),
including the costs of loading the goods and any charges for unloading at the place
of destination which were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage;
and
• the costs of insurance resulting from A3 b) and
• where applicable6, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well
as all duties, taxes or other charges payable upon export, and for their transit
through any country if they were for the seller's account under the contract of
carriage.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must, subject to the provisions of A3 a), pay
• all costs relating to the goods horn the tune they have been delivered in accordance
with A4; and
• all costs and charges relating to the goods whilst in transit until their arrival
at the agreed place of destination, unless such costs and charges were for the

seller's account under the contract of carriage; and
• unloading costs unless such costs and charges were for the seller's account under
the contract of carriage; and
• all additional costs incurred if he fails to give notice in accordance with B7,
for the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the period fixed for dispatch,
provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that
is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
• where applicable7 , all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs of
carrying out custom formalities payable upon import of the goods and for their
transit through any country unless included within the cost of the contract of
carriage.
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice that the goods have been
delivered in accordance with A4 as well as any other notice re~ in order to allow
the buyer to take measures which are normally necessary to
enable him to take the goods.
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the time for dispatching the
goods andor the destination, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The seller must provide the buyer at the seller's expense, if customary,
with the usual transport document or documents (for example a negotiable bill of
lading, a non-negotiable sea waybill, an inland waterway document, an air waybill,
a railway consignment note, a road consignment note, or a multimodal transport
document) for the transport contracted in accordance with A3.
Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the
document referred to in the preceding paragraph may be replaced by an equivalent
electronic data interchange (EDI) message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the transport document in accordance with A8 if it is in
conformity with the contract.
A9 Checking-packaging-marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality,
measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering
the goods in accordance with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the
particular trade to send the goods of the contract description unpacked) which is
required for the transport of the good Packaging is to he marked appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre shipment inspection except when such
inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense, every
assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages (other than

those mentioned in A8)issued or transmitted in the country of dispatch andor of
origin which the buyer may require for the import of the goods and for their transit
through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for
procuring any additional insurance.
B10 Other obligation
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred m obtaining the documents or
equivalent electronic message mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the
seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith.
The buyer must provide the seller, upon request, with the necessary information for
procuring insurance.

DAF

边境交货（……指定地点）
________________________________________

“边境交货（……指定地点）”是指当卖方在边境的指定的地点和具体交货点，在毗邻国家
海关 边界前，将仍处于交货的运输工具上尚未卸下的货物交给买方处置，办妥货物出口清关
手续但尚未办理进 口清关手续时，即完成交货。“边境”一词可用于任何边境，包括出口国
边境。因而，用指定地点和具体 交货点准确界定所指边境，这是极为重要的。
但是，如当事各方面希望卖方负责从交货运输工具上卸货 并承担卸货的风险和费用，则应在
销售合同中明确写明。
该术语可用于陆地边界交货的各种运 输方式，当在目的港船上或码头交货时，应DES或DEQ
术语。

A 卖方义务
B 买方义务
A1 提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货 物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子信息，以及合同可能
要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1 支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2 许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可或其他必要文 件，以便将货
物交经买方处置，并在需要办理海关手续时办理货物出口并运至指定的边境交货地点以及从
他国过境所需的一切海关手续。
B2 许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险 和费用，取得任何进口许可证或其他官方许可或其他必要文件，并在需要
办理海关手续时办理货物进口所 需的一切海关手续，及后继运输所需的一切海关手续。
A3 运输合同与保险合同
a)运输合同
i)卖方必须自付费用订立运输合同，将货物运至边境指定的交货地点和具体交 货点。如未约
定或按照惯例也无法确定边境指定的交货地点的具体交货点，则卖方可在指定的交货地点选

择最适合其目的的交货点。
ii)然而，若买方要求，卖方要以同 意按照通常条件订立合同，由买方负担风险和费用，将
货物从边境指定的地点继续运至由买方指定的进口 国的最终目的地。卖方可以拒绝订立此合
同，如果这样，应迅速通知买方。
b)保险合同
无义务。
B3 运输合同和保险合同
a)运输合同
无义务。
b)保险合同
无义务。
A4 交货
卖方必须在约定日期或期限内，在边 境的指定的交货地点，将仍处于交货运输工具上尚未卸
下的货物交给买方处置。
B4 受领货物
买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时受领货物。
A5 风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已经按照A4规定交货为止。
B5 风险转移
买方必须承担按照A4规定交货之时起货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。
如买方未按照B7规定通知卖方，则必须从约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日起，承担货
物灭失或损 坏的一切风险，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式
确定为合同项下之货物为 限。
A6 费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
• 按照A3a)规定发生的费用，及除此之外与货物有关的一切费用，直至已经按照A4规定交
货为止；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口需要办理的海关手续费用，及货物出口时应交纳的一切
关 税、税款和其他费用，以及按照A4规定交货之前从他国过境的费用。
B6 费用划分
买方必须支付
• 自按照A4规定交货时起与货物有关的一切费用，包括在边境的指定的交货 地点将货物从
交货运输工具上卸下以受领货物的卸货费；及
• 如按照A4规定交货而买方 未受领货物或未按照B7规定给予卖方通知，因此发生的一切额
外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项 下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之
货物为限；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时 ，办理海关手续的费用及货物进口时应交纳的一切关税、税款和其
他费用，以及办理后继运输的费用。
A7 通知买方
卖方必须给予买方有关货物发往边境指定的交货地点的充分通知，以及要求的 任何其他通
知，以便买方能够为受领货物而采取通常必要的措施。
B7 通知卖方
一旦买方有权决定在约定期限内的时间和／或在指定的地点受领货物的点，买方必须就此给
予卖方充分通 知。

A8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
a)卖 方必须自付费用向买方提供说明货物已按照A3a)i)规定交付至边境指定的地点的通常
单据或其他凭 证。
b)如当事各方面同意按照A3a)ii)规定越过边境后继续运输，卖方必须根据买方要求，并 由
买方负担风险和费用，向其提供通常在发运国取得的联运单据，订明按照惯常条件从该国的
发 运地将货物运输至买方指定的进口国最终目的地。
如买卖双方约定以电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可 以由具有同等作用的电子数据交换(EDI)
讯息代替。
B8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的运输单据和／或其他交货凭证。
A9 查对、包装、标记
卖方必须支付为按照A4规定交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点
数的 费用）。
卖方必须自付费用提供包装（除非约定或按照相关行业惯例，合同所指货物通常无需包装即< br>可交货），此项包装应按照卖方订立销售合同前已知的有关运输（如运输方式、目的地）所
要求， 适合在边境交货及接运运输。包装应作适当标记。
B9 货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地< br>国和／或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的和必要时从他国过境所需的
任何单 据或有同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因获取A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息所发生的一切 费用，并偿付卖方
因给予协助而发生的费用。
必要时，按照A3a)ii)规定，应卖方要求 ，买方必须负担风险和费用，向卖方提供外汇管制
许可、许可证件、其他单据或经认证的副本，或提供取 得联运单所需的进口国最终目的地地
址或A8b)中所指的任何其他单据。
DAF
DELIVERED AT FRONTIER
(... named place)

at the disposal of the buyer on the arriving means of transport not unloaded, cleared
for export, but not cleared for import at the named point and place at the frontier,
but before the customs border of the adjoining country.
The term
export, Therefore, it is of vital importance that the frontier in question be defined
precisely by always naming the point and place in the term.
However, if the parties wish the seller to he responsible for the unloading of the
goods form the arriving means of transport and to bear the risks and costs of
unloading, this should he made clear by adding explicit wording to this effect in
the contract of sale1 .
This term may be used irrespective of the mode of transport when goods are to be

delivered at a land frontier. When delivery is to take place in the port of
destination, on board a vessel or on the quay (wharf), the DES or DEQ terms should
be used.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 provision of goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent
electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence
of conformity which may b4e required by the contract.
B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licenses , authorizations and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export license or other
official authorization or other document necessary for placing the goods at the
buyer's disposal.
The seller must carry out, where applicable2, all customs formalities necessary for
the export of the goods to the named place of delivery at the frontier and for their
transit through any country.
B2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import license or other official
authorization or other documents and carry out, where applicable3, all customs
formalities necessary for the import of the good and for their subsequent transport.
A3 Contracts of carriage and Insurance
a) Contract of carriage
i) The seller must Contract at his own expense for the carriage of the goods to the
named point, if any, at the place of delivery at the frontier. If a point at the
named Place of delivery at the frontier is not agreed or I not determined by practice,
the seller may select the point at the named place of delivery which best suits his
purpose.
ii) However, if requested by the buyer, the seller may agree to contract on usual
terms at the buyer’s risk and expense for the on-going carriage of the goods beyond
the named place at the frontier to the final destination in the country of import
named by the buyer. The seller may decline to make the contract and, if he does,
shall promptly notify the buyer accordingly.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation4.
B3 Contracts of carriage and Insurance
a) Contract of carriage
No obligation5.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation6.
A4 Delivery
The seller must place the goods at the disposal of the buyer on the arriving means
of transport not unloaded at the named place of delivery at the frontier on the date

or within the agreed period.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance
with A4.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage
to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B5 Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they
have been delivered in accordance with A4.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provision of B6,pay
• in addition to the costs resulting from A3 a), all costs relating to the goods
until such tune as they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
• where applicable7, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well
as all duties, taxes or other charges payable upon export of the goods and for their
transit through any country prior to delivery in accordance with A4.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must pay
• all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered in accordance
with A4 including the expenses of unloading necessary to take delivery of the goods
from the arriving means of transport at the named place of delivery at the frontier;
and
• all additional costs incurred if he fads to take delivery of the goods when they
have been delivered in accordance with A4, or to give notice in accordance with B7,
provided, however, that the goods have been appropriated to the contract, that is
to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
• where applicable8, the cost of customs formalities as well as all duties, taxes
and other charges payable upon import of the goods and for their subsequent transport.
A7 Notice to the buyer
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the time within an agreed period
andor the point of taking delivery at the named place, give the seller sufficient
notice thereof.
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
i) The seller must provide the buyer at the seller's expense with the usual document
or other evidence of the delivery of the goods at the named place at the frontier
in accordance with A3 a) i).
ii) The seller must, should the parties agree on on-going carriage beyond the
frontier in accordance with A3 a) ii), provide the buyer at the latter's request,
risk and expense, with the through document of transport normally obtained in the
country of dispatch covering on usual terms the transport of the goods from the point
of dispatch in that country to the place of final destination in the country of import
named by the buyer.

Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the
document referred to in the preceding paragraph may he replaced by an equivalent
electronic data interchange (EDI) message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the transport document andor other evidence of delivery in
accordance with A8.
The Seller must pay the costs of those checking operations(such as checking quality,
measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering
the goods in accordance with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is agreed or usual
for the particular trade to deliver the goods of the contract desction unpacked)
which is required for the delivery of the pods at the frontier and for the subsequent
transport to the extent that the circumstances (for example modalities, destination)
are made known to the seller before the contract of sale is concluded. Packaging
is to he marked appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre-shipment inspection except when such
inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export .
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter' s request, risk and expense, every
assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages (other than
those mentioned in A8) issued or transmitted in the country of dispatch andor origin
which the buyer may require for the import of the goods and, where necessary, for
their transit through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for
procuring insurance.
B10 Other obligations
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the documents or
equivalent electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the
seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith.
If necessary, according to A3 a) ii), the buyer must provide the seller at his request
and the buyer's risk and expense with the exchange control authorization, permits,
other documents or certified copies thereof, or with the address of the final
destination of the goods in the country of import for the purpose of obtaining the
through document of transport or any other document contemplated in A8 ii).

DES

目的港船上交货 （……指定目的港）
________________________________________

“目的港船上交货（……指定目的港）”是指在指定的目的港，货物在船上交给买方处置，但
不 办理货物进口清关手续，卖方即完成交货。卖方必须承担货物运至指定的目的港卸货前的
一切风险和费用 。如果当事各方希望卖方负担卸货的风险和费用，则应使用DEQ术语。

只有当货物经由海运或内河运输或多式联运在目的港船上货时，才能使用该术语。

A 卖方义务
B 买方义务
A1 提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提 供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子信息，以及合同可能
要求的、证明货物符合合 同规定的其他凭证。
B1 支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2 许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可或其他必要文 件，并在需要
办理海关手续时办理货物出口和从他国过境所需的一切海关手续。
B2 许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何进口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办 理海关手续时
办理货物进口所需的一切海关手续。
A3 运输合同与保险合同
a)运输合同
卖方必须自付费用订立运输合同，将货物运至指定目的港的指定的点。如未约定 或按照惯例
也无法确定具体交货点，则卖方可在指定的目的港选择最适合其目的的交货点。
b)保险合同
无义务。
B3 运输合同和保险合同
a)运输合同
无义务。
b)保险合同
无义务。
A4 交货
卖方必须在约定 的日期或期限内，在指定的目的港按照A3a)指定的卸货点，将货物于船上
交给买方处置，以便货物能 够由适合该项货物特点的卸货设备从船上卸下。
B4 受领货物
买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时受领货物。
A5 风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已经按照A4规定交货为
止。
B5 风险转移
买方必须承担按照A4规定交货之时起货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。
如买方未按照B7规定通知卖方，则必须自约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日起，承担货
物灭失或损 坏的一切风险，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式
确定为合同项下之货物为 限。
A6 费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
• 按照A3a)规定发生的费用，以及按照A4规定交货前与货物有关的一切费用；及
• 在需要办理 海关手续时，货物出口需要办理的海关手续费用及货物出口时应交纳的一切关
税、税款和其他费用，以及 按照A4规定交货前从他国过境的费用。

B6 费用划分
买方必须支付
• 自按照A4规定交货之时起与货物有关的一切费用，包括为受领货物所需要 的货物从船上
卸下的卸货费；及
• 如货物按照A4规定交给买方处置而未受领货物，或未 按照B7规定通知卖方，由此而发
生的一切额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出 或以其他方式确定为
合同项下之货物为限；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口所需办理的海关手续费用及应交纳的一切关税、税款和
其他费用。
A7 通知买方
卖方必须给予买方有关按照A4规定指定的船只预期到达时间的充分通知，以 及要求的任何
其他通知，以便买方能够为受领货物而采取通常必要的措施。
B7 通知卖方
一旦买方有权决定在约定期限内的时间和／或在指定的目地港受领货物的点，买方必须就此
给予 卖方充分通知。
A8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自付费用向买 方提供提货单和／或通常运输单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单、
内河运输单据或多式联运单据）以 使买方得以在目的港从承运人处受领货物。如买卖双方约
定以电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以由具有 同等作用的电子数据交换（EDI）讯息代替。
B8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的提货单或运输单据。
A9 查对、包装、标记
卖 方必须支付为按照A4规定交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点
数的费用）。
卖方必须自付费用提供为交付货物所要求的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例，合同所指货物无
需包 装即可交货）。包装应作适当标记。
B9 货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地< br>国和／或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的任何单据或有同等作用的电
子讯息 （A8所列的除外）。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因获取A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息所发生的一切费用，并偿付卖< br>方因给予协助而发生的费用。
DES
DELIVERED EX SHIP
(... named port of destination)

the buyer on board the ship not cleared for import at named port of destination. The seller has to
bear all the costs and fisks involved in bringing the goods to the named port of destination before
discharging. If the parties wish the seller to bear the costs and fish of discharging the goods, then
the DEQ term should be used.

This terms can be used only when the goods am to be delivered by sea or inland waterway or
multimodal transport on a vessel in the port of destination.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic
message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity which may
he required by the contract.
B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export license or other official
authorization or other documents and carry out, where applicable1 , all customs formalities
necessary for the export of the goods and for their transit through any country.
B2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import license or other official
authorization and carry out, where applicable2 , all customs formalities necessary for the import of
the goods.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
The seller must contract at his own expense for the carriage of the goods to the named point, if any,
at the named port of destination. If a point is not agreed or is not determined by practice, the seller
may select the point at the named port of destination which best suits his purpose.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation3.
B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
No obligation4.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation5.
A4 Delivery
The seller must place the goods at the disposal of the buyer on board the vessel at the unloading
point referred to in A3 a), in the named port of destination on the date or within the agreed period,
in such a way as to enable them to he removed from the vessel by unloading equipment
appropriate to the nature of the goods.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods
until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B5 Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods frorn the time they have been
delivered in accordance with A4.
The buyer must, should he fail to give notice in accordance with B7, bear all risks of loss of or

damage to the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the agreed period for delivery
provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say,
clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
• In addition to coats resulting from A3 a) , all costs relating to the goods until such time as they
have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
• where applicable6, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well as all duties,
taxes or other charges payable upon export of the goods and for their transit through any country
prior to delivery in accordance with A4.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must pay
• all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4,
including the expenses of discharge operations necessary to take delivery of the goods from the
vessel; and
• all additional costs incurred if he fails to take delivery of the goods when they have been placed
at his disposal in accordance with A4, or to give notice in accordance with B7, provided, however,
that the goods have been appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise
identified as the contract goods.
• where applicable7 , the coats of customs formalities as well as all duties, taxes and other charges
payable upon import of the goods.
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice of the estimated time of arrival of the nominated
vessel in accordance with A4 as well as any other notice required in order to allow the buyer to
take measures which are normally necessary to enable him to take delivery of the goods.
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the time within an agreed period andor the
point of taking delivery in the named port of destination, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.
A8 Proof of delivery,transport document or equivalent electronic message
The seller must provide the buyer at the seller's expense with the delivery order andor the usual
transport document (for example a negotiable bill of lading, a non negotiable sea waybill, an
inland waterway document, or a multimodal transport document) to enable the buyer to claim the
goods from the carrier at the port of destination.
Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the document referred
to in the preceding paragraph may be replaced by an equivalent electronic data interchange (EDI)
message.
B8 Proof of delivery,transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the delivery order or the transport document in accordance with A8.
A9 Checking- packaging-marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations ( such as checking quality, measuring,
weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance
with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the particular trade to
deliver the goods of the contract description unpacked), which is required for the delivery of the

goods. Packaging is to be marked appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre-shipment inspection except when such inspection is
mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense,every assistance in
obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages (other than those mentioned in A8)
issued or transported in the country of dispatch andor of origin which the buyer may require for
the import of the goods.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for procuring
B10 Other obligations
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred in in obtaining the documents or equivalent
electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the seller in rendering his
assistance in accordance therewith

DEQ

目的港码头交货（……指定目的港）
________________________________________
“ 目的港码头交货”是指卖方在指定的目的港码头将货物交给买方处置，不办理进口清关手
续，即完成交货 。卖方应承担将货物运至指定的目的港并卸至码头的一切风险和费用。
DEQ术语要求买方办理进口清 关手续并在进口时支付一切办理海关手续的费用、关税、税款
和其他费用。
这和以前版本相反，以前版本要求卖方办理进口清关手续。

如果当事方希望卖方负担全部或部分进口时交纳的费用，则应在销售合同中明确写明。
只有当 货物经由海运、内河运输或多式联运且在目的港码头卸货时，才能使用该术语。但是，
如果当事方希望卖 方负担将货物从码头运至港口以内或以外的其他点（仓库、终点站、运输
站等）的义务时，则应使用DD U或DDP术语。
A 卖方义务
B 买方义务
A1 提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子信息，以及合同可能
要求 的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1 支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2 许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自 担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可或其他文件，并在需要办理
海关手续时办理货物出口 和从他国过境所需的一切海关手续。
B2 许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和费 用，取得任何进口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时
办理货物进口所需的一切海关手续。
A3 运输合同与保险合同
a)运输合同

卖方必须自付 费用订立运输合同，将货物运至指定目的港的指定码头。如未约定或按照惯例
也无法确定具体码头，则卖 方可在指定的目的港选择最适合其目的的码头交货。
b)保险合同
无义务。
B3 运输合同和保险合同
a)运输合同
无义务。
b)保险合同
无义务。
A4 交货
卖方必须在约定的日期或期限内，在按照A3规定指定的目的港码头上将货物交给买方处置。
B4 受领货物
买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时受领货物。
A5 风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已经按照A4规定交货为止。
B5 风险转移
买方必须承担按照A4规定交货时起货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。
如买方未按照B7规定通知卖方，则必须自约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日起，承担货
物灭失或损坏 的一切风险，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式
确定为合同项下之货物为限 。
A6 费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
• 按照A3a)规定发生的费用，以及按照A4规定在目的港码头交货之前与货物有关的一切费
用；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口需要办理的海关手续费用，及货物出口时应交纳的一切
关 税、税款和其他费用，以及交货前货物从他国过境的费用。
B6 费用划分
买方必须支付
• 自按照A4规定交货时起与货物有关的一切费用，包括在港口搬运货物以便继续运输或存
入 仓库或中转站的一切费用；及
• 如货物按照A4规定交给买方处置而未受领货物，或未按照B7规 定通知卖方，由此而发生
的一切额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方 式确定为合
同项下之货物为限；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口所需办理的海关手 续费用以及应交纳的一切关税、税款
和其他费用以及继续运输的费用。
A7 通知买方 < br>卖方必须给予买方说明按照A4规定的指定的船只预期到达时间的充分通知，以及要求的任
何其他 通知，以便买方能够为受领货物而采取通常必要的措施。
B7 通知卖方
一旦买方有权决定 在约定期限内的时间和／或在指定的目地港受领货物的点，买方必须就此
给予卖方充分通知。
A8 运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自付费用向买方提供提货单和／或通常运输 单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单、
内河运输单据或多式联运单据）以使买方得以提货，从码头上搬 走。

如买卖双方约定以电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以由具有同等作用 的电子数据交换
（EDI）讯息代替。
B8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的提货单或运输单据。
A9 查对、包装、标记
卖 方必须支付为按照A4规定交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点
数的费用）。
卖方必须自付费用提供交货所需要的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例，合同所指货物无需包装
即可 交货）。包装应作适当标记。
B9 货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地< br>国和／或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物所需的任何单据或有同等作用的电子讯
息（A 8所列的除外）。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因获取A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息所发生的一切费用，并偿付卖方
因 给予协助而发生的费用。
DEQ
DELIVERED EX QUAY
(... named port of destination)
“Delivered Ex Quaymeans that the seller delivers when the pods are placed at the
disposal of the buyer not cleared for import on the quay (wharf) at the named port
of destination. The seller has to bear costs and risks involved m bringing the goods
to the named port of destination and discharging the goods On the quay (wharf).The
DEQ term requires the buyer to clear the goods for and to pay for all formalities,
duties, taxes and other charges upon import.
THIS IS A REVERSAL FROM PREVIOUS INCOTERMS VERSIONS WHICH REQUIRED THE SELLER TO
ARRANGE FOR IMPORT CLEARANCE.
If the parties wish to include in the seller's obligations all or part of the costs
payable upon import of the goods, this should he made clear by adding explicit wording
to this effect in the contract of sale1.
This term can he used only when the goods are to he delivered by sea or inland waterway
or multimodal transport on discharging from a vessel onto the quay(wharf) in the
port of destination. However if the parties wish to include in the seller's
obligations the risks and costs of the handling of the goods from the quay to another
place (warehouse, terminal, transport station, etc. ) in or outside the port, the
DDU or DDP terms should he used.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 provision of goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent
electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence

of conformity which may be required by the contract.
B1 Payment of price
The buyer must pay the price as Provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The seller Must obtain at his own risk and expense any export license or other
official authorization or other documents and carry out, where applicable2, all
customs formalities for the export of goods ,and for their transit through any
country.
B2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import license or official
authorization or other documents and carry out, where applicable3 , all customs
formalities necessary for the import of the goods.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
The seller must contract at his own expense for the carriage of the goods to the
named quay (wharf) at the named port of destination. if a specific quay (wharf) is
not agreed or is not determined by practice, the seller may select the quay (wharf)
at the named port of destination which best suits his purpose.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligaflon4.
B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contracts of carriage
No obligation5.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation6.
A4 Delivery
The seller must place the goods at the disposal of the buyer on the quay (wharf)
referred to in A3 a), on the date or within the agreed period
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered m accordance
with A4.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage
to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B5 Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they
have been delivered m accordance with A4.
The buyer must, should he fail to give notice in accordance with B7, bear all risks
of loss of or damage to the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the
agreed period for delivery provided, however, that the goods have been duly
appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise
identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay

• In addition to costs resulting from A3 a), all costs relating to the goods until
such time as they are delivered on the quay(wharf) in accordance with A4; and
• Where applicable7, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well
as all duties, taxes and other charges payable upon export of the goods and for their
transit through any country prior to delivery.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must pay
• all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered in accordance
with A4, including any costs of handling the goods in the Port for subsequent
transport or storage in warehouse or terminal; and
• all additional costs measured if he fails to take delivery of the goods when they
have been placed at his disposal in accordance with A4, or to give notice in
accordance with B7, provided, however, that the goods have been appropriated to the
contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract
goods; and
• where applicable8, the cost of customs formalities as well as all duties, taxes
and other charges payable upon import of the goods and for their subsequent transport.
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice of the estimated time of arrival
of the nominated vessel in accordance with A4, as well as any other notice required
in order to allow the buyer to take measures which are normally necessary to enable
him to take delivery of the goods.
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the time within an agreed period
andor the point of taking delivery in the named port of destination, give the seller
sufficient notice thereof.
A8 Transport document or equivalent electronic message
The seller must provide the buyer at the seller's expense with the delivery order
andor the usual transport document (for example a negotiable bill of lading, a
non-negotiable sea waybill, an inland waterway document or a multimodal transport
document) to enable him to take the goods and remove them from the quay (wharf).
Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the
document referred to in the preceding paragraph may be replaced by an equivalent
electronic data interchange (EDI) message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the delivery order or transport document in accordance with
A8.
A9 Checking-packaging-marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality,
measuring, weighing, counting), which are necessary for the purpose of delivering
the goods in accordance with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the
particular trade to deliver the goods of the contract description unpacked), which
is required for the delivery of the goods. Packaging is to he marked appropriately.

B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre-shipment inspection except when such
inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter' s request, risk and expense, every
assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages (other than
those mentioned in A8) issued or transmitted in the country of dispatch andor origin
which the buyer may require for the import of the goods.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for
procuring insurance.
B10 Other obligation
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred m obtaining the documents or
equivalent electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the
seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith.


DDU

未完税交货（……指定目的港）
________________________________________
“ 未完税交货（……指定目的地）”是指卖方在指定的目的地将货物交给买方处置，不办理
进口手续，也不 从交货的运输工具上将货物卸下，即完成交货。卖方应承担将货物运至指定
的目的地的一切风险和费用， 不包括在需要办理海关手续时在目的地国进口应交纳的任何
“税费”（包括办理海关手续的责任和风险， 以及交纳手续费、关税、税款和其他费用）。
买方必须承担此项“税费”和因其未能及时输货物进口清关 手续而引起的费用和风险。
但是，如果双方希望卖方办理海关手续并承担由此发生的费用和风险，以及 在货物进口时应
支付的一此费用，则应在销售合同中明确写明。
该术语适用于各种运输方式，但当货物在目的港船上或码头交货时，应使用DES或DEQ术语。

A 卖方义务
B 买方义务
A1 提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子信息，以及合同可能
要求的、证 明货物符合合同规定的其他凭证。
B1 支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2 许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许 可或其他文件，并在需要办理
海关手续时办理货物出口和从他国过境所需的一切海关手续。
B2 许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何进口许可证或其他官方许 可或其他文件，并在需要办理
海关手续时办理货物进口所需的一切海关手续。
A3 运输合同与保险合同
a)运输合同

卖方必须自付费用订立运输合 同，将货物运至指定目的地。如未约定或按照惯例也无法确定
具体交货点，则卖方可在的目的地选择最适 合其目的的交货点。
b)保险合同
无义务。
B3 运输合同和保险合同
a)运输合同
无义务。
b)保险合同
无义务。
A4 交货
卖方必须在约定的日期或交货期限内，在指定的目的地将在交货的运输工具上尚未卸下的货
物交 给买方或买方指定的其他人处置。
B4 受领货物
买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时受领货物。
A5 风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已经按照A4规定交货为止。
B5 风险转移
买方必须承担按照A4规定交货时起货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。
如买方没有履行B2规定的义务，则必须承担由此而发生的货物灭失或损坏的一切额外风险。
如买方未按照B7规定通知卖方，则必须自约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日起，承担货
物灭失或损坏 的一切风险，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式
确定为合同项下之货物为限 。
A6 费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
• 按照A3a)规定发生的费用，以及按照A4规定交货之前与货物有关的一切费用；及
• 在需要办 理海关手续时，货物出口需要办理的海关手续费用，及货物出口时应交纳的一切
关税、税款和其他费用， 以及交货前货物从他国过境的费用。
B6 费用划分
买方必须支付
• 自按照A4规定交货时起与货物有关的一切费用；及
• 如买方未履行B2规定的义务，或未按照B 7规定作出通知，由此而发生的一切额外费用，
但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其 他方式确定为合同项下之货物为
限；及
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口所需要办理的 海关手续费用以及应交纳的一切关税、税
款和其他费用以及继续运输的费用。
A7 通知买方
卖方必须给予买方有关发运货物的充分通知，以及要求的任何其他通知，以便买方能够为受< br>领货物而采取通常必要的措施。
B7 通知卖方
一旦买方有权决定在约定期限内的时 间和／或在指定的目地港受领货物的点，买方必须就此
给予卖方充分通知。
A8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自付费用向买方提供按照A4B4规定受领货物 可能需要的提货单和／或通常运输
单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单、内河运输单据、空运单、铁路 运单、公路单或多式

联运单据）。
如买卖双方约定以电子方式通讯 ，则前项所述单据可以由具有同等作用的电子数据交换
（EDI）讯息代替。
B8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的适当的提货单或运输单据。
A9 查对、包装、标记 卖方必须支付为按照A4规定交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点
数的费用 ）。
卖方必须自付费用提供交货所需要的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例，合同所指货物无需包装
即可交货）。包装应作适当标记。
B9 货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地< br>国和／或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的任何单据或有同等作用的电
子讯息 （A8所列的除外）。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因获取A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息所发生的一切费用，并偿付卖方
因给予协助而发生的费用。
DDU
DELIVERED DUTY UNPAID
( ... named place of destination)
“Delivered duty unpaidmeans that the seller delivers the goods to die buyer, not
cleared for import, and not unloaded from my arriving means of transport at the named
place of destination. The seller has to bear the costs and risks involved in bringing
the goods thereto, other than, where applicable1 , any “duty”(Which term includes
the responsibility for and the risks of the carrying out of customs formalities,
and the payment of formalities, custom duties, taxes and other charges) for import
in the country of destination. Such
any costs and risks caused by his failure to to clear the goods for import in time.
However, if the parties wish the seller to carry out custom formalities and bear
the costs and risks resulting therefrom as well as some of the costs payable upon
import of the goods, this should be made clear by adding explicit wording to this
effect in the contract of sale2.
This term may be used irrespective of the mode of transport but when delivery is
to take place in the port of destination on board the vessel or on the quay(wharf),
the DES or DEQ term should be used.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of the goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent
electronic message, in conformity with the Contract of sale and any other evidence
of conformity which may be required by the contract.

B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export license and other
official authorization Or other documents and carry out, where applicable3, all
customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods and for their transit
through any country.
B2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import license or other official
authorization or other documents and carry out, where applicable4, all customs
formalities necessary for the import of the goods.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
The seller must contract at his own expense for the carriage of the goods to the
named place of destination. If a specific point is not agreed or is not determined
by practice, the seller may select the point at the named place of destination which
best suits his purpose.
b) ontract of insurance
No obligation5.
B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
No obligation6.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation7.
A4 Delivery
The seller must place the goods at the disposal of the buyer, or at that of another
person named by the buyer, on any arriving means of transport not unloaded, at the
named place of destination on the date or within the period agreed for delivery.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance
with A4.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage
to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B5 Trander of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they
have been delivered in accordance with A4.
The buyer must, should he fail to fulfil his obligations in accordance with B2, bear
all additional risks of loss of or damage to the goods incurred thereby.
The buyer must, should he fail to give notice in accordance with B7, bear all risks
of loss of or damage to the goods from the agreed date or the Wiry date of the agreed
period for delivery provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated
to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the
contract goods.

A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
• in addition to costs resulting from A3 a) , all costs relating to the goods until
such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
• where applicable8, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well
as all duties, taxes and other charges payable upon export and for their transit
through any country prior to delivery in accordance with A4.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must pay
• All costs relating to the goods rom the time they have been delivered in accordance
with A4;and
• all additional costs incurred if he fails to fulfil his obligations in accordance
with B2, or to give notice in accordance with B7, provided, however, that the goods
have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say ,clearly set aside or
otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
• where applicable9,the costs of customs formalities as well as tall duties, taxes
and other charges payable upon import of the goods.
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice of the dispatch of the goods as
well as any other notice required in order to allow the buyer to allow the buyer
to take measures which are normally necessary to enable him to take delivery of the
goods
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the time within an agreed period
andor, the point of taking delivery at the named place, give the seller sufficient
notice thereof.
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The seller must provide the buyer at the seller’s expense the delivery order andor
the usual transport document(for example a negotiable bill of lading, a
non-negotiable sea waybill, an inland waterway document, an air waybill, an inland
waterway document, an air waybill, a railway consignment note, a road consignment
note, or a multimodal transport document)which the buyer may require to take delivery
of the goods in accordance with A4B4.
Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the
document referred to in the preceding paragraph may be replaced by an equivalent
electronic data interchage(EDI) message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the appropriate delivery order or transport document in
accordance with A8.
A9 Checking-packaging- marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations ( such as checking quality,
measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering
the goods in accordance with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging(unless it its usual for the

particular trade to deliver the goods of the contract description unpacked)which
is required for the delivery of the goods. Packaging is to be marked appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre-shipment inspection except when such
inspection is mandated by the authorities the authorities of the country of export.
A10 other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense, every
assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic message( other than
those mentioned in A8) issued or transmitted in the country of dispatch andor of
origin which the buyer may require for the import of the goods.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for
procuring insurance.
B10 Other obligations
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the documents or
equivalent electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the
seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith.
DDP
完税后交货 （……指定目的港）
“完税后交货（ ……指定目的地）”是指卖方在指定的目的地，办理完进口清关手续，将在交
货运输工具上尚未卸下的货 物交与买方，完成交货。卖方必须承担将货物运至指定的目的地
的一切风险和费用，包括在需要办理海关 手续时在目的地应交纳的任何“税费”（包括办理海
关手续的责任和风险，以及交纳手续费、关税、税款 和其他费用）。
EXW术语下卖方承担最小责任，而DDP术语下卖方承担最大责任。
若卖方不能直接或间接地取得进口许可证，则不应使用此术语。
但是，如当事方希望将任何进 口时所要支付的一切费用（如增值税）从卖方的义务中排除，
则应在销售合同中明确写明。
若当事方希望买方承担进口的风险和费用，则应使用DDU术语。
该术语适用于各种运输方式 ，但当货物在目的港船上或码头交货时，应使用DES或DEQ术
语。
A 卖方义务
B 买方义务
A1 提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货 物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子信息，以及合同可能
要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他凭证。
B1 支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2 许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证和进口许可证或其他官方许可 或其他文件，
并在需要办理海关手续时办理货物出口和进口以及从他国过境所需的一切海关手续。
B2 许可证、其他许可和手续
应卖方要求，并由其负担风险和费用，买方必须给予卖方一切 协助，帮助卖方在需要办理海
关手续时取得货物进口所需的进口许可证或其他官方许可。
A3 运输合同与保险合同
a)运输合同

卖方必须自付费用订立运输合 同，将货物运至指定目的地。如未约定或按照惯例也无法确定
具体交货点，则卖方可在的目的地选择最适 合其目的的交货点。
b)保险合同
无义务。
B3 运输合同和保险合同
a)运输合同
无义务。
b)保险合同
无义务。
A4 交货
卖方必须在约定的日期或交货期限内，在指定的目的地将在交货运输工具上尚未卸下的货物
交给 买方或买方指定的其他人处置。
B4 受领货物
买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时受领货物。
A5 风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已经按照A4规定交货为
止。
B5 风险转移
买方必须承担按照A4规定交货时起货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。
如买方没有履行B2规定的义务，则必须承担由此而发生的货物灭失或损坏的一切额外风险。
如买方未按照B7规定通知卖方，则必须自约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日起，承担货
物灭失或损坏 的一切风险，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式
确定为合同项下之货物为限 。
A6 费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
• 按照A3a)规定发生的费用，以及按照A4规定交货之前与货物有关的一切费用；及
• 在需要办 理海关手续时，货物出口和进口所需要办理的海关手续费用，及货物出口和进口
时应交纳的一切关税、税 款和其他费用，以及按照A4交货前货物从他国过境的费用。
B6 费用划分
买方必须支付
• 自按照A4规定交货时起与货物有关的一切费用；及
• 如买 方未履行B2规定的义务，或未按照B7规定作出通知，由此而发生的一切额外费用，
但以该项货物已正 式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为
限。
A7 通知买方
卖方必须给予买方有关货物发运的充分通知，以及要求的任何其他通知，以便买方能够为受
领货 物而采取通常必要的措施。
B7 通知卖方
一旦买方有权决定在约定期限内的时间和／或在 指定的目地港受领货物的点，买方必须就此
给予卖方充分通知。
A8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自付费用向买方提供按照A4B4规定受领货物 可能需要的提货单和／或通常运输
单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单、内河运输单据、空运单、铁路 运单、公路单或多式
联运单据），以使买方按照A4B4规定受领货物。

< br>如买卖双方约定以电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以由具有同等作用的电子数据交换
（EDI） 讯息代替。
B8 交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的提货单或运输单据。
A9 查对、包装、标记
卖 方必须支付为按照A4规定交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点
数的费用）。
卖方必须自付费用提供交货所需要的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例，合同所指货物无需包装
即可 交货）。包装应作适当标记。
B9 货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
卖方必须支付为获取B10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）所发生的一
切费用，并偿付买方因给予协助发生的费用。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
应卖方要求 并由其承担风险和费用，买方必须给予卖方一切协助，以帮助卖方取得为按照本
规则将货物交付买方需要 的、由进口国签发或传递的任何单证或有同等作用的电子讯息。
DDP
DELIVERED DUTY PAID
(... named place of destination)
“Delivered duty paid
unloaded from any arriving means of transport at the named place of destination. The seller has to
bear all the costs and risks involved bringing the goods thereto including, where applicable1 , any

formalities and the payment of formalities, customs duties, taxes and other charges) for import m
the country of destination.
Whilst the EXW term represents the minimum obligation for the seller, DDP represents the
maximum obligation.
This term should not he used if the seller is unable directly or indirectly to obtain the import
license.
However, if the parties wish to exclude from the seller' s obligations some of the costs payable
upon import of the goods (such as value-added tax : VAT), this should he made clear by adding
explicit wording to this effect in the contract of sale2.
If the parties wish the buyer to bear all risks and costs of the import, the DDU term should be used.
This term may be used irrespective of the mode of transport but when delivery is to take place in
the port of destination on board the vessel or on the quay (wharf), the DES or DEQ terms should
he used.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of the goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic
message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity which may
be required by the contract.

B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided in the Contract of sale.
A2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export and import license and other official
authorization or other documents and carry out, where applicable3, all customs formalities
necessary for the export of the goods, for their transit through any country and for their import.
B2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The buyer must render the seller at the latter' s request, risk and expense, every assistance in
obtaining, where applicable4, any import license or other official authorization necessary for the
import of the goods.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
The seller must contract at his own expense for the carnage of the goods to the named Place Of
destination. If a specific point is not agreed or is not determined by Practice, the seller may select
the point at the named place of destination which best suits his purpose.
b Contract of insurance
No obligation5.
B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
No obligation6.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation7.
A4 Delivery
The seller must place the goods at the disposal of the buyer, or at that of another person named by
the buyer, on any arriving means of transport not unloaded at the named place of destination on
the date or within the period agreed for delivery.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods
until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B5 Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of 1oss of or damage to the goods from the time they have been
delivered in accordance with A4.
The buyer must, should he fail to fulfil his obligations in accordance with B2, bear all additional
risks of loss of or damage to the goods incurred thereby.
The buyer must, should he fail to give notice in accordance with B7, bear all risks of loss of or
damage to the goods from the agreed, date or the expiry date of the agreed period for delivery
provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say,
clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of Costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
in addition to coats resulting from A3 a), all costs relating to the goods until such tune as they
have been delivered in accordance with A4; and

where applicable8, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export and import as well as all
duties, taxes and other charges payable upon export and import of the goods, and for their transit
through any country prior to delivery in accordance with A4.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must pay
• all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
• all additional costs incurred if he fails to fulfil his obligations in accordance with B2, or to give
notice in accordance with B7, provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to
the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice of the dispatch of the goods as well as any other
notice required in order to allow the buyer to take measures which are normally necessary to
enable him to take delivery of the goods.
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must, when he is entitled to determine the time within an agreed period andor the point
of taking delivery at the named place, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.
A8 Proof of delivery,transport document or equivalent electronic message
The seller must provide the buyer at the seller's expense with the delivery order andor the usual
transport document (for example a negotiable bill of lading, a non- negotiable sea waybill, an
inland waterway document, an air waybill, a railway consignment note, a road consignment note,
or a multimodal transport document) which the buyer may require to take delivery of the goods in
accordance with A4B4.
Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the document referred
to in the preceding paragraph may he replaced by an equivalent electronic data interchange (ED1)
message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the appropriate delivery order or transport document in accordance with
A8.
A9 Checking- packing-marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality, measuring,
weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance
with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the particular trade to
deliver the goods of the contract description unpacked) which is required for the delivery of the
goods. Packaging is to be marked appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre-shipment inspection except when such inspection is
mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligation
The seller must pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the documents or equivalent
electronic message mentioned in B10 and reimburse those incurred by the buyer in rendering his
assistance herewith.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for procuring
insurance.

B10 Other obligation
The buyer must render the seller, at the latter's request, risk and expense, every assistance in
obtaining any documents or equivalent electrode messages issued or transmitted in the country of
import which the seller may require for the purpose of making the goods available to the buyer in
accordance therewith.