自考主要内容英语
西安翻译学院代码-大一总结
全国高等教育自学考试英语（二）
主讲人：胥国红
北京航空航天大学
主要内容
•
试卷分析和最新出题思路
•
重点语法
•
备考要诀及学习方法
最新英语（二）试卷主观题统计数据
考题 满分 平均分
•
单词拼写 10
2.48
•
词形填空 10 2.17
•
汉译英
15 5.53
•
英译汉 15 10.75
•
总分 50 20.93
最新出题思路
（1）与课文的关系
往年与课文有关的大题：第一、第四、第五和第六大题
近年与课文有关的大题：第四和第六大题
建议：熟读课文，掌握课文中的大纲词汇，特别留意课文中体现重点语法和经典句
型的句子。
(2) 与课文无关的大题：第二、第三、第七大题。
文章选材：主要涉及社会文化、风俗习惯、教育、历史、和生活常识等内容。
建议：广泛阅读
此类题材的文章，最好是中英文对照版本。推荐杂志：《英语沙龙》，
《大学英语》，《英语学习》。
每道题的考点：
第一题：词汇语法题
主要考点：定语从句、名词性从
句的引导词；状语从句的连接词；词汇辨析；固定
搭配；常用句型。近年来词汇题比重增加。
建议：通过学习教材上下册，熟练掌握基本语法，背熟大纲词汇，加强同义词、近
义词、和形似
词的比较，牢记固定搭配。
历年试题举例：
1. At the end of
1994 the British government introduced new
measures to help
____domestic workers from
abuse by their employers.
[A] protect [B]
suspect [C] expect [D]inspect Ａ
2.
I’m wondering why he hasn’t turned ___ at the
meeting.
[A] down [B] up [C] out [D]
over Ｂ
3. By using both ears one
can tell the direction ___ a sound
comes.
[A] in which [B] from which[C] over which[D]
with which Ｂ
第二题：完型填空题
主要考点：除了
第一大题已提到的考点外，还注重考察介词、连词、副词、代词等
虚词的用法。近年来词汇题比例有所增
加。
建议：“上看下看，左看右看”，即充分利用上下文提供的信息答题。
历年试题举例：
… Colter was excited, so he
told 17 about the place. 18 , the other people
did not
believe him.
17. [A] the other
[B] others Ｂ
[C] another [D] each
other
18. [A] Then [B] However Ｂ
[C] Therefore [D] Consequently
第三题：阅读理解题
主要特点：文章体裁多为论述文，偶有记叙文，主要涉及文化、教育、风
俗、历史、
人物故事、社会问题、科普常识等内容，不涉及太专业的内容。文章平均长度为
30
0-350词篇，总阅读量为1500-2000词。问题以细节题为主，其次是总结题，偶
尔有一两道
词汇题和推理题。题目的顺序和文章的顺序大体对应。
第四题：单词拼写题
往年考题：多选用考纲词表中的常用词，包括中学词汇，平均词长为6个字母。
最新特点：最近一次考题中单词拼写几乎全部出自下册课文，以A课文为主, 单词长
度显著增
加，平均词长为9个字母，有5个单词词长超过10个字母，出现了两个超
纲词，无一中学词汇。
最新考题举例
36. accompany (1A) 37.
boundary (2A)
38. capture (14A) 39.
decline (10A)
40. employee (4A) 41.
feasible (8A)
42. heartbreaking (14A) 43.
grateful
44. increasingly (6A) 45.
junction (15A)
46. loyalty (10A) 47.
moderate (8B)
48. overwhelming (10A) 49.
nominate (10B)
50. participant (5A) 51.
persistently (14A)
52. queue (14A) 53.
spontaneous (5A)
54. reinforce (12B) 55.
undertake (13A)
第五题：词形填空题
主要考点：谓语动词（时态、语态、虚拟语气、主谓一致），非谓语动词（动词不
定式、现在分词、过
去分词、动名词），形容词比较级，词性转换。
建议：掌握扎实的语法知识，通过大量做题来消化这些
语法知识，力求做到举一反
三，触类旁通。
历年试题举例
1.
Cancer research ___ (make) all over the world in
the past twenty years. (has been
made)
2. The more stress you are under, the ___
(likely) you are to catch a cold. ( more
likely)
3. It seems reasonable to assume
that, other things ___ (be) equal, they would
prefer
single to shared rooms. (being)
4.
These electric appliances are all similar in
construction but each one is ____
(specialize) in its function. (special)
第六题：汉译英
主要考点：全面考察词汇、语法和句型的运用能力，多考虚拟语气、比较级、
疑问
句、强调句和一些固定表达方式。最新考题中有三道题直接出自下册课文。
阅卷要求：主
要语法错误（如动词时态、语态、虚拟语气、主谓一致、否定、疑问
以及其他句型错误）或重要用词错误
扣1分；非基本语法错误（如介词、代词、
冠词、大写、标点等错误）每两处扣1分；拼写错误每两处扣
1分，本大题总扣分
不超过3分。
最新试题举例
68．一个具有文学艺术欣赏力的人能胜任这项工作。
选自下册第9单元A课文后Word
Study中appreciation的一个例句。主要考查定语从句
和be qualified
for 的用法。
69．随着研究技术变得更加先进，用于实验的动物数量将会大大减少。
选自下册第11单元A课文最后一段的第一句话。主要考查as引导时间状语从句，表
示“随着
”。
70．那位生物学家相信某些动物物种正受到灭绝的威胁。
根据下册第14
单元A课文后的翻译练习中的第6题有所改动。原话为“他相信某些植
物物种正受到灭绝的威胁。”
第七题：英译汉
主要特点：综合考查词汇和语法，注意定语从句、状语从句、比较级、倒装句的理
解。
阅卷要求：根据总体印象打分，分为15-13分，12-10分，9-7分，6-4分，3-1分五个
档次。只要译文大体准确通顺即可得分，不要求译得非常漂亮。
结语
知己知彼，百战不殆！
II. 重点语法复习
动词时态和语态
非谓语动词
虚拟语气
定语从句和名词性从句
1. 动词主要时态和语态表
一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时
主动: do did will do
被动: are done
were done will be done
现在进行时 过去进行时
将来进行时
主动: are doing were doing will be
doing
被动: are being done were being done
现在完成时 过去完成时 将来完成时
主动: have done
had done will have done
被动: have been done
had been done
现在完成进行时
主动: have been
doing
动词主要时态的意义及运用
•
•
现在完成时，过去完成时和将来完成时
英语提示语：up to now, so far,
for three years, since 1995, over past ten years,
by the end
of this week, by the year of 1995
汉语提示语：已经，早已，了
e.g. We haven’t met
each other since last year.
By the end of
this week, we’ll have finished the task.
•
现在完成进行时
从过去一直持续到现在，没有间断。
汉语提示语：一直
e.g.
The water has been running the whole night.
过去完成时
said, reported, thought
等引导的间接引语中。
e.g. He missed the train. He said
he had missed the train.
2) hardly…when, no
sooner… than
e.g. No sooner had he got up than
he received the call.
3) 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的条件状语从句中
e.g If I had tried harder, I would have won.
I wish I had done better in the exam.
历年考题中的动词时态和语态
far, Irving ___ (live) in
New York City for ten years. (has been lived)
patient ___ (send) to another hospital before
we got there. (had been sent)
second half
of the nineteenth century ___ (witness) the first
extended translation
into English of the
writings of Eliphas Levi. (witnessed)
2. 非谓语动词
动词主要时态和语态一览表
非谓语动词 形式
意义
现在分词
一 般 式 doing 主动, 正在进行
被 动 式 being done 被动, 正在进行
完成主动式
having done 主动, 已经完成
完成被动式 having been
done 被动, 已经完成
过去分词 done 被动, 已经完成
动词不定式
一 般 式 to do 主动,将要进行
被
动 式 to be done 被动, 将要进行
完成主动式 to
have done 主动, 已经完成
进行主动式 to be doing
主动, 正在进行
非谓语动词作状语
•动词不定式：1）目的状语；2）结果状语
e.g. I came here to
meet you. （目的）
He hurried to the rail station
only to miss the train. （结果）
•分词：1)
伴随状语；2）原因状语；3）条件状语 4）让步状语；5）时间状语
e.g. Walking
along the street, he met his old friend. （时间）
Being very tired, my father didn’t go out
with us. （原因）
Made by hand, the silk shirt
is very expensive. （原因）
Seen from the
space, the earth looks like a blue ball. (条件）
非谓语动词，状语从句和独立结构
Having done their homework, the
children began to play. (分词作状语)
After having
done their homework, the children began to play.
（连词+分词）
After they had done their homework,
the children began to play. （状语从句）
With
homework done, the children began to play. （独立结构）
非谓语动词作定语
If there is no choice, there is
no decision ___ (make). (to be made)
Do you
know the man ____ ( stand) in front of the house?
(standing)
The question ____ (discuss) at
the moment is very important. (being discussed)
The bridge ____ (build) in the 1950s is
still in good condition. (built)
动名词和动词不定式
•
作主语和表语
动名词作主语表语表示一般、抽象的情况；动词不定时作主语表示具体某次的情况。
e.g
Rising early is good for health.
To rise
early tomorrow is difficult for me.
It is
difficult for me to rise early tomorrow.
My
biggest wish is to go abroad.
Seeing is
believing.
• 作宾语
接动名词作宾语的动词：
admit, acknowledge, avoid, deny, consider,
enjoy, escape,
excuse, forgive, finish,
suggest, mind, include, involve, delay,
put
off, postpone, feel like, look forward to, be used
to, be
accustomed to, etc.
接动词不定式作宾语的动词：
want, tend, intend, pretend, hope, plan,
expect, be supposed to,
seem, be likely to,
used to, be willing to, desire, force, prefer,
start, begin
接动名词和动词不定式有不同含义的动词：
forget, remember,
regret
stop, continue
need want
allow doing allow sb to do
1) How can I
forget meeting you for the first time?
Sorry, I forgot to lock the door.
2) I can’t
stop laughing. Can you stop to give me a hand?
3)The grass needs cutting. The grass needs to
be cut.
4)We don’t allow smoking here. You
are not allowed to smoke here.
历年考题中的非谓语动词
1. A man cannot be really happy if what he
enjoys ___ (do) is ignored by society as of
no
value or importance. (doing)
2.
Anyone ___(want) to understand the industry of the
future will have to know about
robotics.
(wanting)
3. It is a well-known fact that a
person will move in a circle when he cannot use
his eyes
___ (control) his direction. (to
control)
4. As research techniques become
more advanced, the number of animals ___ (use) in
experiments may decrease. (used)
5. A
life ___ (live) without fantasy and daydreaming is
a really poor life indeed. (lived)
6. This
poem, if ___ (translate) word for word into
Chinese, will make no sense.
(translated)
7. They may have their passports _____
(remove), making leaving or “escaping” actually
impossible. (removed)
8. Her body, with
hands and feet ____ (bind), was discovered by a
traveler early in the
morning. (bound)
3. 虚拟语气
第一大类：非真实条件下的虚拟语气
时间 从句
主句
与现在事实相反 did were shouldcouldwould +
do
与过去事实相反 had done shouldcouldwould +
have done
与将来事实相反 were to do
shouldcouldwould + do
should do
第二大类：从句中用过去时或过去完成时的虚拟语气
would rather
+ 从句
wish + 从句
if only + 从句
as if as though + 从句
It’s time
+ 从句
第三大类：从句中用should加动词原形的虚拟语气，其中should可省略。
suggest, propose, advise, move(动议), ask,
order, require, request, desire, insist,
prefer 等动词后接的宾语从句；
suggestion,
proposal, advice, motion, order, requirement,
request, desire, preference
等名词后的同位语从句；
3. important, necessary, essential,
imperative, desirable, advisable, preferable
等形容词
用在it is … that…句型中；
4. lest, in case,
for fear that 等引导的从句中。
历年考题中的虚拟语气
If
it hadn’t been for your help, we ___ (be) in real
trouble. (would have been)
He would
have given you more help, if he ___ (not be) so
busy. (had not been)
It is high
time that we ___ (take) firm measures to protect
our environment. (took)
It was
imperative that students ___ (finish) their papers
before July 1
st
. (should
finish
finish)
4. 定语从句和名词性从句
定语从句：限制性和非限制性定语从句
引导定语从句
1）关系代词(在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语）：which,
that, who, whom, whose
2）关系副词（在定语从句中作状语）：when,
where, why, how
名词性从句
名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
引导名词性从句：
1）主从连词（不在从句中作任何成分）：that, whether, if
2）连接代词（在从句中作主语、宾语、表语）：what, which, who, whom,
whose, whatever,
whoever…
3）连接副词（在从句中作状语）：when, where, why, how
定语从句和同位语从句的区别
The
story (that) he told me may not be true.
The
story that he has made a fortune may not be true.
2. 什么时候用介词＋which 的形式?
The place
which I visited last week is very beautiful.
The place in which I used to live is
very beautiful.
3. which 和 as 引导非限制性定语从句
He is easy to get angry, which is well
known.
He is easy to get angry, as
everybody knows.
历年考题中的定语从句和名词性从句
1.
Studies have shown ___ teenagers often suffer from
depression.
[A] that [B] which [C] in which
[D] in that Ａ
2. It is a well-known
fact ___ a person will move in a circle when he
cannot use his eyes
to control his direction.
[A] that [B] if [C] when [D] whether Ａ
3. Very few people understood this contract,
___ was very obscure.
[A] the language [B]
the language of which Ｂ
[C] all it said
[D] which it had said
备考要诀
•
重视课文，英语一考上册，英语二以下册A课文为主，但是上册课文的语法和词
汇是学习下册的
基础。
•
吃透重点语法：非谓语动词、动词时态和语态、虚拟语气、比较级、定语从句，
等。
•
背单词要讲究技巧，以大纲词汇为准，不要孤立地背单词，以词组为主，重视搭
配；
•
加强阅读，选择难度适当的阅读材料，重在训练阅读技巧，提高速度和效率。
推荐材料：
1)大学英语自学教程》（上下册），高远主编，高教出版社。
2)《大学英语自学教程——自学与自测指导》（上下册），高远主编，北航出版社。
3)自考大纲
4)全国高等自学考试英语（一）和英语（二）模拟试卷与应试指导》高远主编
，高
等教育出版社。
结束语
Before God we are
equally wise—equally foolish. (Albert Einstein)
I. 每道题的考点
第一题：词汇和结构
历年试题举例：
1. At
the end of 1994 the British government introduced
new measures to help
____domestic workers from
abuse by their employers.
[A] protect [B]
suspect [C] expect [D]inspect 词义辨析
2.
I’m wondering why he hasn’t turned ___ at the
meeting.
[A] down [B] up [C] out [D] over
搭配
3. By using both ears one can tell the
direction ___ a sound comes.
[A] in which [B]
from which [C] over which [D] with which 定语从句
2. Almost everything a manager does ___
decisions; indeed, some suggest that the
management process is decision making.
[A] imposes [B] improvises [C] involves
[D] indicates
3. American men don’t cry
because it is considered not ___ of men to do so.
[A] characteristic [B] tolerant [C]
symbolic [D] independent
4. In every major
city there are more ___ apartments than there are
homeless people.
[A] blank [B] vacant [C]
empty [D] bare
[提示]：搭配主要涉及介词和
名词、形容词和介词、动词和名词、形容词和名词等
的搭配。因此学习单词时必须掌握其固定的搭配。此
外牢记大纲词表后列出的词组
也会有很大的帮助。
1. Astronomers
and scientists think that a black hole is a region
of space ___ which
matter has fallen and ___
which nothing can escape.
[A]
towards…towards [B] into…from
[C] out
of…from [D] through…through
2. ___
conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe and enjoyable
form of exercise.
[A] into [B] at [C]
over [D] under
___ to form a new government.
[A] purpose [B] reason [C] view [D] goal
___ to buy a pair of shoes.
[A]
shoes store [B] shoe’s store [C] shoe store [D]
shoes store
3. Five minutes earlier, ___ we
may have caught the gunman.
[A] and [B] but
[C] or [D] so
4. ___ I’m supposed to work by
myself, there are other people who I can interact
with.
[A] If only [B] So long as [C] Even if
[D] As far as
5. It was there, the police
believe, ___ she was able to activate the recorder
she kept in
her bag.
[A] until [B]
which [C] that [D] when
6. It is not
feasible to wait four days ___ the body is used to
the new time zone.
[A] while [B] after
[C] until [D] then
7. Robots differ from
automatic machines ___ after completion of one
task, they can be
reprogrammed to do another.
[A] that [B] in which [C] when [D] in
that
8. It is becoming increasingly clear to
policy-makers ___ schools cannot solve all the
problems of the larger community.
[A]
that [B] what [C] when [D] who
9.
Americans have learned much about the way in which
the system can be managed so
as to ____ the
peaceful transfer of power from one party to the
other.
[A] make it possible [B] make
possible
[C] make possibly [D] make it
possibly
10. Lots of empty beer bottles were
found under the young man’s bed; he ___ heavily.
[A] must have drunk [B] must drink
[C]
should drink [D] had to drink
Key:
1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. A 9.
B 10. A
第二题：完型填空
[提示]：充分利用上下文提供的信息答题。
历年试题举例：
(1)
Colter was excited, so he told 17 about the
place. 18 , the other people did not
believe
him.
18. [A] the other [B] others [C]
another [D] each other
18. [A] Then [B]
However [C] Therefore [D] Consequently
Key:
17. B 18. B
(2) Planning is important in
almost anything you do. No matter what you are
doing,
taking the time to plan 11 can help
you reach your goal. The purpose of insurance
is 12 you plan for unexpected, costly
emergencies (紧急需要). 13 the most
important kind of insurance is medical
insurance.
11. [A] away [B] on [C]
ahead [D] out
12. [A] helped [B] to help
[C] kept [D] to keep
13. [A] Probably [B]
Unfortunately [C] Conversely [D] Subsequently
Key: 11. C 12. B 13. A
(3)
Food in the United States is 13 , cheap, and
available twenty-four hours a day,
and many
people not only overeat, but eat a lot of high-
fat, high-calories foods that
14 weight
gain. 15 , there are some people who eat
anything they want and
never gain weight, and
studies show that obese people do not eat an
excessive amount of
calories. In fact, they
often eat 16 than non-obese people do.
13. [A] many [B] much [C] plentiful [D]
resourceful
14. [A] contribute to [B] devote
to [C] subject to [D] distribute to
15. [A]
But [B] However [C] Moreover [D] Therefore
16. [A] fewer [B] more [C] less [D]
better
Key: 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. C
第三题：阅读理解 （略）
第四题：单词拼写
［提示］：最新试题出题
思路有明显变化，因此以下册课文词表为复习重点，兼顾大
纲此表中的中学词汇和上册词汇。
最新试题举例
36. accompany (1A) 37.
boundary (2A)
38. capture (14A) 39.
decline (10A)
40. employee (4A) 41.
feasible (8A)
42. heartbreaking (14A) 43.
grateful
44. increasingly (6A) 45.
junction (15A)
46. loyalty (10A) 47.
moderate (8B)
48. overwhelming (10A) 49.
nominate (10B)
50. participant (5A) 51.
persistently (14A)
52. queue (14A) 53.
spontaneous (5A)
54. reinforce (12B) 55.
undertake (13A)
往年试题举例
36. strike
(上册) 37. program(上册)
38. civil (4A)
39. quality(上册)
40. expose (6A) 41.
overcome (8A)
42. vote (10A) 43.
responsible(上册)
44. content (15A) 45.
interview (1B)
46. failure(上册) 47.
economy(上册)
48. logical(上册) 49. undergo
(11A)
50. nervous(上册) 51. abandon(上册)
52. remain（中学） 53. promote (8A)
54. detail (12A) 55. hobby(上册)
第五题：词形填空题
[提示]：此部分主要包括谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词比较级和词性
变化四部分。
谓语动词和非谓语动词详见重点语法，因此此处主要涉及形容词比较级和词性变化。
历年试题举例
形容词比较级和最高级
more stress
you are under, the ___ (likely) you are to catch a
cold.
2. The ___ (far) away we get from the
earth, the thinner the air becomes.
know
that we are getting even older, and that the
nearer a society approximates to
zero
population growth, the ____ (old) its population
is likely to be.
4. As Jane was the ____
(old), she looked after the other children in the
family.
Key: 1. more likely 2. farther
3. older 4. oldest
词性转化
1. T
hese
electric appliances are all similar in
construction but each one is ____
(specialize) in its function.
continuing professional education of ____ (high)
educated adults will become a
third level in
addition to undergraduate and professional or
graduate work.
explorers were puzzled over
what to do next because they were in a ____
(trick)
situation.
would like to take
this opportunity to express our sincere ____
(appreciate) of your
help.
Key: 1.
special 2. highly 3. tricky 4. appreciation
第六题：汉译英
[提示]：此部分主要涉及虚拟语气、强调句、倒装句、定语从句
、名词性从句、状
语从句、形式主语等语法现象和一些固定表达式。
最新试题举例
68．一个具有文学艺术欣赏力的人能胜任这项工作。
A person with
appreciation of art and literature is qualified
for the job.
选自下册第9单元A课文后Word
Study中appreciation的一个例句。主要考查定语
从句和be qualified
for 的用法。
69．随着研究技术变得更加先进，用于实验的动物数量将会大大减少。
As research techniques become more advanced,
the number of animals used in
experiments will
greatly decrease.
选自下册第11单元A课文最后一段的第一句话。主要考查a
s引导时间状语从句，
表示“随着”。
70．那位生物学家相信某些动物物种正受到灭绝的威胁。
The biologist
is convinced believes that some animal species are
faced with the danger
of extinction.
根据下
册第14单元A课文后的翻译练习中的第6题有所改动。原话为“他相信某些
植物物种正受到灭绝的威胁
。”
历年试题举例
1．直到最近我才意识到语言与文化密切相关。
2. 我们匆匆忙忙地赶回学校，生怕天会下雨。
3.
这些问题没有迅速解决是汤姆的过错。
4. 他的肤色与他是否是个好教授没有关系。
5.
无论他怎么说，我也不相信他。
Key:
1. Not until
recently did I realize that language and culture
are closely related to each
other. (倒装句)
2. We hurried to the school lest it should
rain. （lest后接动词原形的虚拟语气）
3. It’s Tom’s fault
that these questions are not solved rapidly.
（形式主语）
4. The color of his skin is irrelevant
to whether he is a good professor or not.
（whether
引导宾语从句）
5. Whatever he says, I
won’t believe him. （让步状语从句）
第七题：英译汉 （略）
II. 重点语法复习
历年考题中的动词时态和语态
1.
Much of the carbon in the earth ___ (come) from
things that once lived.
2. In the past two
decades, research ___ (expand) our knowledge about
sleep and dream.
3. Some proverbs ___ (be) in
the language for 1,000 years, for example, A
friend in
need is a friend indeed.
4. ___
(stand) at the gate was a young man in green coat.
5. In 1991, after the Gulf War, Bush’s
approved rating reached 91 percent, the highest
level recorded since polling ___ (begin) in
the 19302.
6. Seeing violence on television
or reading about it in the newspapers every day
___
(make) us tolerate crime more than we
should.
7. So far, Irving ___ (live) in New
York City for ten years.
8. The patient ___
(send) to another hospital before we got there.
9. The second half of the nineteenth century
___ (witness) the first extended translation
into English of the writings of Eliphas Levi.
10. All the worries they might have felt for
him ___ (drive) off by the sight of his
cheerful face.
历年考题中的非谓语动词
1. A man cannot be really happy if what he
enjoys ___ (do) is ignored by society as of
no
value or importance.
2. Anyone ___(want) to
understand the industry of the future will have to
know about
robotics.
3. It is a well-
known fact that a person will move in a circle
when he cannot use his eyes
___ (control) his
direction.
4. As research techniques become
more advanced, the number of animals ___ (use) in
experiments may decrease.
5. It seems
reasonable to assume that, other things ___ (be)
equal, they would prefer
single to shared
rooms.
6. This poem, if ___ (translate) word
for word into Chinese, will make no sense.
7.
They may have their passports _____ (remove),
making leaving or “escaping” actually
impossible.
8. Her body, with hands and
feet ____ (bind), was discovered by a traveler
early in the
morning.
9. I couldn’t help
but ___ (feel) this is a very strange life.
10. Let us consider the earth as a planet ____
(revolve) round the sun.
Key:
1.
doing 动名词做enjoy的宾语
2. wanting 现在分词作定语
3. to control 动词不定式作目的状语
4. used 过去分词作定语
5. being 现在分词用在独立结构中
6. translated
连词加过去分词作状语
7. removed 过去分词作宾补
8. bound
过去分词用在独立结构中
9. feel couldn’t help but 后接动词原形
10. revolving 现在分词作定语
历年考题中的虚拟语气
1. If it hadn’t been for your help, we ___
(be) in real trouble. He would have given you
more help, if he ___ (not be) so busy.
3.
It is high time that we ___ (take) firm measures
to protect our environment.
4. It was
imperative that students ___ (finish) their papers
before July 1
st
.
5. They demanded
that the right to vote ___ (give) to every adult
person. I would rather
he ____ ( buy) the
house next year. The manager told us to be
friendly to the
visitors as if we ___ (meet)
them before.
9. Should she come tomorrow, I
___ take her to the museum.
[A] can [B]
will [C] would [D] must
10. If we ___
everything ready by now, we should be having a
terrible time tomorrow.
[A] hadn’t got [B]
didn’t get [C] wouldn’t have got [D] wouldn’t get
Key:
1. would have been
与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的主句
not been 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的从句
3. took It is high time +过去式的虚拟形式
finishfinish It was imperative that+动词原形的虚拟形式
5. be given demand所接宾语从句用动词原形的虚拟形式
6.
should have received
与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的主句，表示“本应该收到”而
实际上没有。
7. bought
would rather后接宾语从句，从句用过去式表示虚拟语气。
8. had met
as if 所引导的从句用过去完成式表示虚拟语气。
9. C
与将来事实相反的虚拟语气的主句。
10. A
从句与现在事实相反，但本身已经是现在完成时（从by now可以看出），所
以变为过去完成时。
历年考题中的定语从句和名词性从句
1. Studies have
shown ___ teenagers often suffer from depression.
[A] that [B] which [C] in which [D] in
that
2. It is a well-known fact ___ a person
will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes
to control his direction.
[A] that [B]
if [C] when [D] whether
3. On the other
hand concern is also growing about the possibility
of a new economic
order ____ resource-rich
nations of the Third World would combine to set
high
commodity prices.
[A] which
[B] what [C] that [D] in that
4. It is
not yet known ____ computers will one day have
vision as good as human vision.
[A] whether
[B] if [C] that [D] how
5. Such attitudes
amount to a belief ___ leisure can and should be
put to good use.
[A] which [B] if [C]
whether [D] that
6. The reason for making a
decision is ___ a problem exists, goals are wrong,
or
something is standing in the way of
accomplishing them.
[A] why [B] because
[C] where [D] that
7. ___ developed was a
music readily taking on various forms and capable
of an almost
limitless range of expression.
[A] What [B] Whether [C] That [D] Which
8. Very few people understood this contract,
___ was very obscure.
[A] the language
[B] the language of which
[C] all it said
[D] which it had said
9. Often music was
played out of doors, ___ nature provided the
environment.
[A] which [B] that [C] in
which [D] where
10. Many of us visited the
industrial exhibition, ____, to our
disappointment, we saw
very few high-tech
products.
[A] where [B] which [C] as
[D] that
Key:
1. A that 引导宾语从句
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. D
6.
D
7. A
8. B
9. D
10. A
that 引导同位语从句
that 引导同位语从句
it为形式主语，whether引导真正的主语从句
that 引导同位语从句
that 引导表语从句
what 引导主语从句，并在主语从句中做主语
the
language of which引导非限定性定语从句，并在定语从句中做主语
where引导非限定性定语从句，并在定语从句中作地点状语
where引导非限定性定语从句，并在定语从句中作地点状语