Summary_常用句式
5月14日是什么节-三八节致辞
Summary 常用句式
1. This article passage
mainly tells (a story) about……
2. This passage
mainly deals withdiscussesexplores……
3. In
this passage (about ……), the author ……
4. In
this passage about …… , the author ……
5. The
author began the essay passage by telling
presenting……
6. FirstFirstly In the
beginningIn the first part, the author
argues
explains mentions states points out (that)……
7. Secondly Next Further on Then In the next
part In the
main part, the author goes on
with……
8. Finally As a conclusion, the author
concludes adds stresses
that……
9. Finally,
the author summarizes that ……
二、常见句型
1）This paper deals with..
2）This article
focuses on the topics of (that,having,etc).
3）This essay presents knowledge that...
4）This thesis discusses...
5）This thesis
analyzes...
6）This paper provides an overview
of...
7)This paper elaborates on ..
8）This article gives an overview of...
9）This article compares...and summarizes key
findings.
10）This paper includes discussions
concerning...
11)This paper presents up
12)This article covers the role of chemicals
in...
13)This paper addresses important
topics including...
14)This paper touches
upon...
15)This paper strongly emphasizes..
17)This article not only describes...but also
suggests...
18)This paper considers...
19)This paper provides a method of ...
20)This paper introduces an applicable
procedure to analyze...
21)This paper offers
the latest information regarding...
22)This
paper is devoted to examining the role of...
23)This article explores...
24)This
paper expresses views on...
25)This paper
reflects the state of the art in...
26)This
paper explains the procedures for...¬
27)This paper develops the theory of ..
28)This article reviews the techniques used
in...
29)This paper investigates the
techniques and procedures to...
30)This article is about...
31)This essay is related to ...
32)This
paper concerns...
33)This paper gives an
account of ...
34)This article tells of...
35)This paper tries to describe...
36)This paper provides an analysis of ...
37)This paper reports the latest information
on ..
38)The author of this article
reviews..
39)The writer of this paper
discusses...
40)The writer of this essay
tries to explore...
41)The aim of this paper
is to determine..
42)The purpose of this
article is to review...
43)The objective of
this paper is to explore...
破题用语，一般有：
① The author of this article reviews (or:
discusses, describes,
summarizes, examines)
something……
② This article reviews
(or:reports,tells of,is
about,concerns)something…….
③ This
article has been prepared (or:designed,written)…….
④ The purpose of this article is to determine
something…….
⑤ The problem of something is
discussed …….
结论和建议，一般有以下几种写法：
①
The author suggests (recommends,concludes)that…….
②This article shows that…….
③ It is
suggested that…….
④The author's suggestion
(or:conclusion )is that ……
⑤The author finds
it necessary to …….
Useful Transitions and
Transitional Phrases
Introductio
as for,
concerning, with regard to, with respect to,
n
to a Topic
in terms of
in all, in a
word, in brief, briefly, in other words,
To
in short, in summary, that is, finally,
generally, in
Summarize
conclusion, on
the whole, therefore, to sum up, to
conclude,
and so, this shows, thus we see
by
comparison, here again, in the same way, in a
To Compare
similar manner, likewise,
similarly, so too, as,
also, equally,
accordingly, moreover, as well, and
conversely, however, instead (of), in spite of
that,
anyhow, on the contrary, on the other
hand,
To Contrast
otherwise, rather than,
still, yet, nevertheless, in
contrast,
notwithstanding, in spite of this,
although,
but, despite, even though
To Show
accordingly, as a consequence, as a result,
Cause and
consequently, for this reason,
hence, it follows
Effect
that, soso that,
then, therefore, thus, thereupon
actually,
admittedly, because, certainly, for
To Explain
example, in fact, indeed, really of course,
since,
that is, for instance, namely,
specifically, such as,
to illustrate, in
particular, in this manner, thus
after all,
at least, at the same time, apparently,
To
Show
even so, evidently, certainly,
conceivably,
conclusively, doubtless, no
doubt, perhaps,
possibly, presumably,
probably, surely,
Conviction
undoubtedly
in this event, in these circumstances, this
(that)
To Show
being so, provided that, in
spite of,
Various
nonenevertheless, at the
same time, even if, if,
Conditions
unless, otherwise, although, even though,
though,
despite
To Add
add to this,
again, also, besides, equally, further,
furthermore, in addition, moreover, once more,
Information
then too, too, yet again, yet
another, and, as well,
beyond that,
even, next, similarly
after that, afterwards,
later, shortly, subsequently,
concurrently, in
the meantime, in the meanwhile,
To Show
now, simultaneously, whenwhilewas, first,
second, etc., formerly, earlier, previously,
before
that, then, already, at last, at
length, by that time,
finally, during,
immediately, next, soon, still, in
the
interim, presently, at the same time, in the
end, temporarily, thereafter
admittedly,
after all, all the same, at any rate,
To Show
granted, however, in any case, in spite of, it
is
Chronologic
al Order
Concession
true that, nevertheless, obviously, of course,
still,
to be sure
Location
above,
below, beyond, farther, further, here,
nearby,
opposite, there, to t
In the distant past,
many people thought bats had magical
powers,
but times have changed. Today, many people believe
that bats are rodents, that they cannot see,
and that they are more
likely than other
animals to carry rabies. All of these beliefs are
mistaken. Bats are not rodents, are not blind,
and are no more
likely than dogs and cats to
transmit rabies. Bats, in fact, are
among the least understood and least
appreciated of animals.
Bats are not rodents
with wings, contrary to popular belief. Like
all rodents, bats are mammals, but they have a
skeleton similar
to the human skeleton. The
bones in bat wings are much like
those in arms
and the human hand, with a thumb and four
fingers. In bats, the bones of the arms and
the four fingers of the
hands are very long.
This bone structure helps support the web
of
skin that stretches from the body to the ends of
the fingers to
form wings.
Although bats
cannot see colors, they have good vision in both
dim and bright light. Since most bats stay in
darkness during the
day and do their feeding
at night, they do not use their vision to
maneuver in the dark but use a process called
echolocation. This
process enables bats to
emit sounds from their mouths that
bounce off
objects and allow them to avoid the objects when
flying. They use this system to locate flying
insects to feed on as
well. Typically, insect-
eating bats emerge at dusk and fly to
streams
or ponds where they feed.
They catch the
insects on their wingtip or tail membrane and
fling them into their mouths while flying.
There are about 1,000 species of bat, ranging
in size from the
bumblebee bat, which is about
an inch long, to the flying fox,
which
is sixteen inches long and has a wingspan of five
feet.
Each type of bat has a specialized diet.
For seventy percent of
bats, the diet is
insects. Other types of bats feed on flowers,
pollen, nectar, and fruit or on small animals
such as birds, mice,
lizards, and frogs.
One species of bat feeds on the blood of large
mammals. This is
the common vampire bat, which
lives only in Latin America and
is probably
best known for feeding on the blood of cattle.
Unfortunately, in an attempt to control
vampire bat populations,
farmers have
unintentionally killed thousands of beneficial
fruit-and insect-eating bats as well.
Bats, in fact, perform a number of valuable
functions. Their
greatest economic value is in
eliminating insect pests. Insect-
eating bats
can catch six hundred mosquitoes in an hour and
eat
half their body weight in insects every
night. In many tropical
rain forests,
fruiteating bats are the main means of spreading
the
seeds of tropical fruits. Nectar-feeding
bats pollinate a number
of tropical plants. If
it were not for bats, we might not have
peaches, bananas, mangoes, guavas, figs, or
dates.
Today, the survival of many bat species
is uncertain. Sixty
percent of bats do not
survive past infancy. Some are killed by
predators such as owls, hawks, snakes and
other meat-eating
creatures, but most
are victims of pesticides and other human
intrusions. In
Carlsbad Caverns, New
Mexico, where there were once eight
million
bats, there are now a quarter million.
At
Eagle Creek, Arizona, the bat population dropped
from thirty
million to thirty thousand in six
years.
Bats often have been burdened with a
bad reputation, perhaps
because they are not
the warm, cuddly sort of animal. we love to
love. However, their unusual physical features
should not lead
us to overestimate their harm
or to underestimate their value.