【考研复试】大内科英语词汇
盐城工学院邮编-红日读后感
专业英语词汇:
Influenza 流感
Acute
tracheobronchitis 急性气管-支气管炎
Pneumonia 肺炎
Community acquired pneumonia,CAP 社区获得性肺炎
Hospital acquired pneumonia,HAP 医院获得性肺炎
Ventilator associated pneumonia,VAP 呼吸机相关性肺炎
Healthcare associated pneumonia,HCAP 卫生保健相关性肺炎
Protected specimen brush ,PSB 防污染样本毛刷
Bronchial alveolar lavage,BAL 支气管肺泡灌洗
Percutaneous fine-needle aspiration,PFNA
经皮细针吸检
Urinary antigen test 尿抗原试验
Streptococcus pneumoniae 肺炎链球菌
Pneumococcal pneumoniae 肺炎球菌
Staphylococcal pneumonia 葡萄球菌肺炎
Mycoplasmal pneumonia 肺炎支原体肺炎
Mycoplasma
pneumoniae 肺炎支原体
Chlamydia pneumonia 肺炎衣原体肺炎
Chlamydia pneumoniae 肺炎衣原体
Viral pneumonia
病毒性肺炎
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
,SARS严重急性呼吸综合征
SARS-associated
coronavirus,SARS-CoV SARS冠状病毒
Pulmonary
candidiasis 肺念珠菌病
Pulmonary aspergillosis 肺曲霉病
Invasive Pulmonary aspergillosis 侵袭性肺曲霉病
Halo sign 晕轮征
Crescent sign 新月体征
Aspergilloma 曲霉肿
Allergic bronchopulmonary
aspergillosis ,ABPA 变应性支气管肺曲霉病
Pulmonary cryptococcosis 肺隐球菌病
Pneumocystis 肺孢子菌
Pneumocystis carinii
pneumonia ,PC 卡氏肺囊虫肺炎
Lung abscess 肺脓肿
Bronchiectasis 支气管扩张症
Pulmonary
tuberculosis 肺结核
Purified protein
derivative,PPD 纯蛋白衍化物
Isoniazid,INH,H 异烟肼
Rifampicin,RFP,R 利福平
Rifapentine,RFT 利福喷丁
Pyrazinatnide,PZA,Z 吡嗪酰胺
Ethambutol,EMB,E
乙胺丁醇
Streptomycin,SM,S 链霉素
Multidrug
resistant tuberculosis ,MDR-TB 耐多药结核病
Extensive drug resistant or extreme drug
resistant XDR-TB 超级耐多药结核病
Chronic bronchitis
慢性支气管炎
Aminophyllin 氨茶碱
Chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease COPD
Bronchial
asthma 哮喘
Bronchial provocation test ,BPT
支气管激发试验
Bronchial dilation ,BDT 支气管舒张试验
Pulmonary thromboembolism,PTE 肺血栓栓塞症
Pulmonary embolism ,PE 肺栓塞
Deep venous
thrombosis,DVT 深静脉血栓形成
D-dimer D二聚体
Pulmonary hypertension ,PH 肺动脉高压
Cor
pulmonale 肺源性心脏病
Chronic pulmonary heart
disease 慢性肺源性心脏病
Allergic granulomatosis
过敏性肉芽肿病
Interstitial lung
disease,ILD 间质性肺疾病
Diffuse parenchymal lung
disease ,DPLD 弥慢性实质性肺疾病
Idiopathic
interstitial pneumonia，IIP 特发性间质性肺炎
Idiopathic
pulmonary fibrosis，IPF 特发性肺纤维化
Pulmonary
alveolar proteinosis，PAP 肺泡蛋白质沉积症
Non-specific
interstitial pneumonia，NSIP 非特异性间质性肺炎
Chronic
eosinophilic pneumonia 慢性嗜酸性粒细胞性肺炎
Idiopathic
pulmonary hemosiderosis 特发性肺含铁血黄素沉着症
Extrinsic
allergic alveolitis 外源性过敏性肺泡炎
Sarcoidosis 结节病
Granuloma-inciting factor 肉芽肿激发因子
Fibroblasts growth factory ，FGF 成纤维细胞生长因子
Parapneumonic diffusions 类肺炎性胸腔积液
Pneumothorax 气胸
Pleural bleb 胸膜下肺大疱
Emphysematous bulla 肺大疱
Primary
bronchogenic carcinoma 原发性支气管癌
Paraneoplastic
syndrome 副癌综合症
Hypertrophic
pulmonaryosteoarthropathy 肥大性肺性骨关节病
Transbronchial lung biopsy 经支气管镜肺活检
Sleep
apnea hypopnea syndrome 睡眠呼吸暂停综合症
Polysomnography PSG 多导睡眠图
Nasal-continuous
positive airway pressure CPAP 经鼻持续气道内正压通气
Bilevel positive airway pressure BiPAP
双水平气道内正压
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty UPPP
颚垂软腭咽成形术
Hypoventilation 通气不足
Diffusion
abnormality 弥散障碍
Ventilation-perfusion
mismatch 通气血流比例失调
Functional shunt 功能性分流
Dead space-like ventilation 死腔样通气
Pulmonary encephalopathy肺性脑病
Carbon
didioxide narxosis CO2麻醉
Dyspnea 呼吸困难
CHEYNE-STOKES respiration潮式呼吸
Arterial
blood gas analysis 动脉血气分析
Non-invasive
positive pressure ventilation NIPPV无创正压通气
Recruitment maneuver 肺复张法
Sepsis 感染中毒症
Hypovolemic shock低血容量性休克
Cardiogenic shock
心源性休克
Distributive shock 分布性休克
Obstructive
shock 梗阻性休克
Cardiac dysfunction 心功能不全
Angiotensin 2 血管紧张素
Atrial natriuretic
peptide，ANP and brain natriuretic peptide，BNP
心钠肽和脑钠肽
Arginine vasopressin ，AVP 精氨酸加压素
Endothelin 内皮素
Cardiac arrhythmia 心律失常
After depolarization 后除极
Sinus node
recovery time，SNRT 窦房结恢复时间
Sinoatrial
conduction time，SACT 窦房结传导时间
Sinus tachycardia
窦性心动过速
Sinus bradycardia 窦性心动过缓
Sinus
pause or sinus arrest 窦性停搏或窦性静止
Sinoatrial
block，SAB 窦房阻滞
Sick sinus syndrome
，SSS，病态窦房结综合症
Atrial premature beats 房性期前收缩
Atrial flutter 心房扑动
Atrial
fibrillation 房颤
Premature atrioventricular
junctional beats 房室交界区性期前收缩
AV junctional
escape beats 房室交界区性异搏
Paroxysmal
supraventricular tachycardia ，PSVT 阵发性室上性心动过速
Preexcitation syndrome 预激综合征
Premature
ventricular beats 室性期前收缩
Ventricular
tachycardia 室速
Torsades de pointes 尖端扭转
Ventricular flutter and ventricular
fibrillation 心室扑动与颤动
Atrioventricular block
房室传导阻滞
Intraventricular block 室内传导阻滞
Right
bundle branch block ，RBBB 右束支阻滞
Radiofrequency
energy 射频电能
Cardiac arrest 心脏骤停
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation ，CPR 心肺复苏
Congenital cardiovascular disease 先天性心血管病
Atrial septal defect ，ASD 房间隔缺损
Ventricular septal defect ,VSD室间隔缺损
Patent
ductus arteriosus ，PDA 动脉导管未闭
Congenital
bicuspid aortic valve 先天性二叶主动脉瓣
Congenital
coarctation of the aorta 先天性主动脉瓣缩窄
Congenital
pulmonary valve stenosis 先天性肺动脉瓣狭窄
Congenital
aortic sinus aneurysm 先天性主动脉窦动脉瘤
Congenital
tetralogy of fallot 先天性法洛四联症
Insulin
resistance 胰岛素抵抗
Sodium nitroprusside 硝普钠
Nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油
Atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化
Low density lipoprotein，LDL 低密度脂蛋白
Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease
冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病
Ischemic heart disease 缺血性心脏病
Acute coronary syndrome ACS 急性冠脉综合征
Stable
angina pectoris 稳定型心绞痛
Myocardial
infarction，MI 心肌梗死
Cardiac aneurysm 心室壁瘤
Ischemic cardiomyopathy 缺血性心肌病
Valvular
heart disease 心脏瓣膜病
Rheumatic heart disease
风湿性心脏病
Mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄
Mitral
incompetence 二尖瓣关闭不全
Aortic stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄
Aortic incompetence 主动脉瓣关闭不全
Tricuspid
stenosis 三尖瓣狭窄
Tricuspid incompetence 三尖瓣关闭不全
Pulmonary stenosis 肺动脉瓣狭窄
Infective
endocarditis ，IE 感染性心内膜炎
Dilated
cardiomyopathy ，DCM 扩张型心肌病
Hypertrophic
cardiomyopathy，HCM 肥厚型心肌病
Restrictive
cardiomyopathy ，RCM 限制型心肌病
Myocarditis 心肌炎
Acute pericarditis急性心包炎
Aortic dissection
主动脉夹层
Intermittent claudication 间歇性跛行
Cardiovascular neurosis 心脏神经症
Helicopter
pylori，H. pylori 幽门螺旋杆菌
Gastroesophageal
reflux disease 胃食管反流病
Lower esophageal
sphincter 食管下括约肌
H2 receptor antagonist H2RA
H2受体拮抗剂
Proton pump inhibitor
PPI质子泵抑制剂
Gastritis 胃炎
Gastropathy 胃病
Acute erosive hemorrhagic gastritis 急性糜烂出血性胃炎
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ，NSAID
非甾体抗炎药
Atrophic gastritis萎缩性胃炎
Acute
purulent gastritis 急性化脓性胃炎
Peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡
Gastric ulcer GU 胃溃疡
Duodenal ulcer
DU十二指肠溃疡
Gastric carcinoma 胃癌
Endoscopic
ultrasonography 超声内镜
Intestinal tuberculosis
肠结核
Tuberculous peritonitis 结核性腹膜炎
Inflammatory bowel disease IBD 炎症性肠病
Ulcerative colitis 溃疡性结肠炎
Crohn’s
diseaseCD克罗恩病
Toxic megacolon 中毒性巨结肠
Budesonine 布地奈德
Cyclosorine 环孢素
Colorectal carcinoma 直肠癌
Functional
gastrointestinal disorder 功能性胃肠病
Functional
dyspepsia 功能性消化不良
Irritable syndrome 肠易激综合症
Chronic diarrhea慢性腹泻
Fatty liver disease
脂肪性肝病
Alcoholic fatty liver酒精性脂肪肝
Autoimmune hepatitis 自身免疫性肝病
Primary
biliary cirrhosis 原发性胆汁性肝硬化
Hepatic cirrhosis 肝硬化
Portal hyertension
门静脉高压
Spontaneous bacterial peritonItis
自发性细菌性腹膜炎
Hepatorenal syndrome HRS 肝肾综合症
Hepatopulmonary syndrome HPS肝肺综合症
Alpha
fetoprotein，AFP 甲胎蛋白
Porto-systemic
encephalpathy，PSE 门体分流性脑病
Glomerular basement
membrane ，GBM 肾小球基底膜
Acute golmerulonephritis
急性肾小球肾炎
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
急进性肾小球肾炎
Chronic golmerulonephritis 慢性肾小球肾炎
Asymptomatic hematuria andor proteinuria
无症状性血尿或（和）蛋白尿（隐匿性
肾小球肾炎
Nephritic
syndrome肾病综合征
Minor golmerular abnormalities
轻微性肾小球病变
Focal segmental lesions 局灶性节段性病变
Focal glomerulonephritis 局灶性肾小球肾炎
Diffuse
golmerulonephritis 弥满性肾小球肾炎
Membranous
nephropathy 膜性肾病
Mesangial proliferative
golmerulonephritis 系膜增生性肾小球肾炎
Endocapillary
proliferative golmerulonephritis 毛细血管内增生性肾小球肾炎
Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis
系膜毛细血管性肾小球肾炎
Crescentic and necrotizing
golmerulonephritis 新月体性和坏死性肾小球肾炎
Sclerosing
glomerulonephritis 硬化性肾小球肾炎
IgA nephropathy
IgA肾病
Acute interstitial nephritis ，AIN
急性间质性肾炎
Urinary tract infection ，UTI 尿路感染
Intravenous pyelography ，IVP 静脉肾盂造影
Renal
artery stenosis 肾动脉狭窄
Renal
vascular hypertension 肾血管性高血压
Hypertensive
nephrosclerosis 高血压肾硬化症
Benign arteriolar
nephrosclerosis 良性小动脉性肾硬化症
Malignant
arteriolar nephrosclerosis 恶性小动脉性肾硬化症
Acute
renal failure ，ARF 急性肾衰竭
Acute tubular
necrosis ，ATN 急性肾小管坏死
Uremic toxins 尿毒症毒素
Stem cell 干细胞
Totipotent 全能的
Fertilized egg 受精卵
Hematology血液病学
Anemia 贫血
Aplastic anemia 再生障碍性贫血
Iron
deficient anemia 缺铁性贫血
Megaloblstic anemia MA
巨幼细胞贫血
Hemolytic anemia 溶血性贫血
Paroxysmal
nocturnal hemoglobinuria 阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿
Leukopenia 白细胞减少
Neutropenia 中性粒细胞减少
Agranulocytosis 粒细胞缺乏症
Myelodysplastic
syndroms骨髓增生异常综合症
Acute lymphoblastic
leukemia急性淋巴细胞性白血病
Acute myetoid leukemia
急性白血病
Lymphoma 淋巴瘤
Hodgkin lymphoma霍奇金淋巴瘤
Malignant lymphoma恶性淋巴瘤
Multiple myeloma
多发性骨髓瘤
Hypersplenism 脾功能亢进
Allergic
purpura过敏性紫癜
Idiopathic
thrombocytopenic purpura ITP特发性血小板减少性
紫癜
Hemolytic uremic syndrome 溶血尿毒综合症
Hemophilia 血友病
Dissenminated intravascular
coagulation弥散性血管内凝血
Thromboembolism 血栓栓塞
Gigantism 巨人症
Acromegaly 肢端肥大症
Growth
hormone deficiency dwarfism ，GHD 生长激素缺乏性侏儒症
Pituitary dwarfism 垂体性侏儒症
Diabetes
insipidus ,DI 尿崩症
Syndrome of inappropriate
antidiuretic hormone secretion ，SIADH
抗利尿激素分
泌失调综合症
Simple Goiter 单纯性甲状腺肿
Nontoxic goiter 非毒性甲状腺肿
Endemic goiter
地方性甲状腺肿
Iodine deficiency disorders ，IDD 碘缺乏病
Thyrotoxicosis 甲状腺毒症
Hyperthyroidism 甲亢
Thyroid crisis 甲状腺危象
Apathetic
hyperthyroidism 淡漠型甲亢
Hypothyroidism 甲状腺功能减退症
Primary hypothyroidism 原发性甲减
Subacute
thyroiditis 亚急性甲状腺炎
Autoimmune thyroiditis
，AIT 自身免疫甲状腺炎
Hashimoto thyroiditis ，HT 桥本甲状腺炎
Thyroid nodule 甲状腺结节
Primary aldosteronism
原发性醛固酮增多症
Chronic adrenocortical hypofunction
原发性慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退症
Pheochromocytoma
嗜铬细胞瘤
Hyperparathyroidism 甲旁亢
Hypoparathyroidism 甲旁减
Multiple endocrine
neoplasia ，MEN 多发性内分泌腺瘤病
Diabetes mellitus 糖尿病
Metformin 二甲双胍
Regular insulin 普通胰岛素
Diabetic ketoacidosis ，DKA 糖尿病酮症酸中毒
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar status ，HHS 高血糖高渗状态
Hypoglycemia 低血糖症
Insulinoma 胰岛素瘤
Dyslipidemia 血脂异常
Chylomicron，CM 乳糜微粒
Apoproein 载脂蛋白
Very-low-density
lipoprotein ，VLDL 极低密度脂蛋白
Obesity 肥胖症
Metabolic syndrome ，MS 代谢综合征
Hyponatremia
低钠血症
Water intoxication 水中毒
Hypokalemia
低钾血症
Potassium depletion 钾缺乏症
Standard
bicarbonate ，SB 标准碳酸氢盐
Buffer base ，BB 缓冲碱
Base excess ，BE 碱剩余
Anion gap ，AG 阴离子间隙
Hyperuricemia 高尿酸血症
Gout 痛风
Tophi 痛风石
Osteoporosis ，OP 骨质疏松症
Rheumatic diseases 风湿性疾病
connective tissue
disease ，CTD 结缔组织病
rheumatoid factory，RF 类风湿因子
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs，NSAID
非甾体抗炎药
rheumatoid arthritis ，RA 类风湿关节炎
glucocorticoid 糖皮质激素
systemic lupus
erythematosus ，SLE 系统性红斑狼疮
lupus nephritis ，LN
狼疮肾炎
ankylosing spondylitis ，AS 强直性脊柱炎
vasculitides 血管炎
takayasu arteritis，TA
大动脉炎
idiopathic inflammatory myositis，IIM
特发性炎症性肌病
systemic sclerosis ，SSC 系统性硬化病
osteoarthritis ，OA 骨关节炎
diseases of high
altitude 高原病
abstinence syndrome 戒断综合征