二副面试英语
赴日读研-民风民俗作文500字
下面收集了一部分问题，可供参考。
1. Can you tell me
about your education background and working
experience? (Omitted) Please r
efer to the same
questions for the master.
2. Can you
tell me about your last vessel? (Omitted) Please
refer to the answers to the same ques
tions to
the master or chief officer.
3. What are
your responsibilities as a Second Officer?
The Second Officer is the navigational officer
and sometimes also medical officer on board.
Besid
es, the Second Officer shall assist the
Chief Officer. His duties may include the
following:
(1) Navigation watch keeping (from
1200 to 1600, and from 0000 to 0400);
(2)
Chart and navigational publication corrections;
(3) Passage plan making;
(4) Usually
working as the designated communications officer;
(5) Maintenance of communication equipment,
instruments and spare parts on board the ship;
(6) Care of all the basic navigation equipment
and instruments, including magnetic compasses,
g
yrocompasses, gyro repeaters, rime changes,
depth sounders and course recorder.
(7)
Maintenance of inventories of the stationery
(8)Medical duties, and Some other work
designated by master or Chief Officer.
二副应该能用自己的语言流利地说出自己的职责。
4. Please briefly
describe the procedure of dealing with
navigational warnings.
Firstly, I shall
register the navigational warnings in the Register
Book and record the warning num
ber in the
card. Secondly, I shall select the charts that are
affected by the warnings. Then I shall us
e
pens, scissors and glues to fix permanent notices.
I shall also use pencils to fix tem- porary and
preliminary notices. The charts are to be
corrected according to all the concerned warnings.
Whe
n I correct the chart, I shall frequently
consult the geographical index.
5. Can
you describe the charts correction procedures?
Please refer to the same question for the
Master.
Firstly, the Second Officer has
to make sure that he has received the latest
Notice to Mariner and
that he has to write the
notice request on time. The Master shall make
emergency request if the l
atest is not
received.
Secondly, the Second Officer has
to record the Notice to Mariner on the correction
logs on time a
ccording to the chronological
order.
Thirdly, when correcting the chart,
he has to make sure that the last small correction
has been ma
de on the chart. Erasure should
never be made when deleting information crossed
through. Inst
ead, series of short double
strokes should be used while correction fluid
should not be used. Alw
ays insert information
before you delete any information.
任何海图和维护海图是二副最重要
的职责之一，对于海图更新的有关程序是考官经常考到的题
目，一定要好好准备。关键是
如何用自己的话表述出这个复杂的过程。
6. Who
should draft the passage plan on board? What are
included in passage plan? When you m
ake the
passage plan, what information do you need?
Usually, the passage plan should be prepared
by the Second Officer and approved by the Master.
During passage, when an error or mistake is
found about the passage plan, it should be
reported t
o the Master first and corrected
afterwards by the Second Officer. But during
voyage the passage
plan cannot be
changed without the Master s approval. The
passage plan should include such in
formation
as way points, the distance between way points,
courses, current, tide, weather conditi
ons and
means of communications, means of fixing position
and interval and so on.
Besides, the following
information and publications are necessary in
making the passage plan:
sailing directions,
pilot book, port entry guidance, tide tables local
area warning, warning from
the NAVAREA areas,
list of light and radio signals, Admiralty Notice
to Mariner, sea chart and catal
ogue of
admiralty charts and other publications.
7.
What is the scope the passage plan cover? If you
miss one or two big or small scale charts for
n
ext voyage, can the ship give sea going or
not?
The passage plan should cover the
sailing route from berth to berth. Lack of
information for some
areas may lead to some
serious accidents. The ship cannot go if one or
two charts are not availa
ble.
8. If the
signal of
what do you think is wrong with the
ship?
If a motor ship is moving under the
way, but not under command, what kind of signals
should sh
e use? On what occasion do you
display two black balls during the day? The
vessel is constrained
by her draught. It is
very hard for her to maneuver. Our vessel should
give a wide berth and take
actions to keep
away from her. The motor ship should use
notunder
control lights, i.e., two red lights
vertically aligned during night time, and two
black balls vertically
aligned during day
time. We shall display two black balls when our
vessel cannot get out the wa
y of another.
各种信号灯的含义和英文表示也是面试中经常提到的问题。希望二副全面复习
一下这方面的知
识。请参阅 COLREG 1972 部分。
9. Please describe how
you take care of the magnetic compass.
The
liquid magnetic compass should be regularly
checked for air bubbles and it should always be
covered when it is not in use. The deviation
of the compass should be checked and observed
duri
ng every watch.
10. How do you set
and adjust gyrocompass?
The Second Officer
should frequently check the gyrocompass' error.
Actually, gyrocompass accura
cy should be
checked at least once a day at sea and at anchor,
and for each course steered. Durin
g the watch,
the simultaneous check should be made at least
hourly. If there is any signifi- cant
de
viation error, the Second Officer should
report it to the Master and record in the Compass
Record
Book and Deck Logbook. The electronic
devices should be kept away from the compasses in
a rea
sonable distance. The Chief Officer or
other designated officers should test the error in
the morni
ng and evening.
11. What are
your responsibilities as the Second Officer while
the vessel is in port?
My responsibilities
are to keep good watch, to ensure the safety of
life, the ship and the cargo an
d to maintain
good working orders on the vessel. During my
watch I should be aware of the draf
t, under
keel clearance, the state of ship, the mooring
conditions so as to avoid dangerous listing,
trim or hull stress during cargo operation. I
should also make sure that de-ballasting causes no
ma
rine pollution. I should watch and supervise
the loading process and report any incident or
accide
nt to the Chief Officer.
12.
Please tell me the difference between the great
circle line(大圆航线) and rhomb line (恒向
线)?
In theory, the great circle line is the
shortest distance between two places,
while the rhomb line is longer than the
great circle line. However, it is very hard for a
vessel just
to take the circle line or rhomb
line.
13. During cargo loading, if you find
cargo damages in holds, what should you do?
I
should record them in writing or even photograph
the damages and report the situations to the
Chief Officer immediately. The Chief Officer
should report it to the tallyman and ask them to
repl
ace the cargo, if possible. At the same
time, the officer on duty should make the on-the-
spot reco
rd. If the damages are really very
serious, we should report to the Master and ask
for his instruct
ions.
14. When you
usually do the chart work? When you are keeping
watch, can you do the chart wor
k?
Whenever I receive the Notice to Mariner, I
will do the correction and drawing as soon as
possible.
Generally, I should not do the chart
work when am keeping watch. Doing chart work
during
watch keeping can give rise to some
potential danger to the maneuvering of the vessel.
15. What is the maximum blood alcohol
concentration (BAG) rate on board?
According
to the STCW Code, the BAC shall not be more than
0.08% by weight at any time when
being
-keepers are not allowed to drink any alcoholic
beverage 4 hours before their
watch. Besides,
when bunkering, loading and unloading, mooring and
unmooring, 4 hours before
and after port all,
the sailor on board cannot have any alcoholic
drinks.
16. Please tell me your duties
as the medical officer.
I am responsible for
maintaining the medical inventory. I should keep a
good record of the use of
different medicines
and make sure that the aide bags are at proper
locations. I should also be car
eful with the
medicine locker. The expired medicines should be
replaced on time. When some im
portant
medicines are out of stock, I should report to the
Master and make requisition for supply.
17. When do you call the Master to the bridge?
In the following situations, according to the
SMS manual, I will have to call the Master to
the
bridge: (1) When the visibility is lower
than the one mentioned in the Master's standing
order;
(2) Breakdown of the main engine,
steering gear, gyro-compass or any other critical
equipment re
lated to the safety of the vessel;
(3) When the ship's position and sounding are
unusual or strange;
(4) When the
navigational marks or sounding do not appear as
expected;
(5) When heavy weather is
encountered;
(6) When the ship is behaving
in an unusual way;
(7) When marine pollution
is seen or suspected;
(8) When distress
message is received or accident observed;
(9)
Any other situation when the officers are in
doubt;
(10) Whenever the ship is in danger;
知道何时叫船长到驾驶台是非常重要的， 这对船舶的安
全航行非常重要， 通常船长在bridge
order 或 standing order
里都有详细的说明，STCW95公
约关于船员值班部分也有详细的规定。
18. When RADAR and ARPAR are in use, do
they relieve your duty of lockout as a
watchkeeper?
No, these apparatuses do not
relieve the watch officer of his duty to maintain
a proper lockout
at all times. This is very
important to the maneuvering of the vessel.
Accidents often arise bec
ause of the officers'
complete dependence on the RADAR, ARPAR, GPS and
other equipment,
especially in hazardous
areas, such as the coast and port areas, low
visibility area, restricted
areas and heavy
weather regions. All in all, the rules and
regulation of the COLREG 1972 must
be strictly
obeyed.
19. What do you know about EC and
ECDIS?
EC means Electronic Chart, and ECDIS
means Electronic Chart and Information System.
This syst
em uses the computer technology to
provide chart details on a visual display unit,
combined
with an automatic indication of
ship’s position, and possibly a radar image, and a
navigation ai
de. This kind of chart needs
basic computer operation skills and automation
knowledge.
20. Can you tell me the main
contents of a typical Admiralty Notice to Mariner?
How did you get the Notice to Mariner on your
last vessel?
The Admiralty Notice to
Mariners is a maritime publication issued by the
Hydrographic
Department of the United
Kingdom. They include Admiralty Notices,
Australian and New Zeal
and Notices. They are
published on a weekly basis. There is also an
annual summary version.
The Admiralty
Notice to Mariner includes 6 sections. Section
one, Explanatory Notes and inde
xes to Section
two. Sections two. Admiralty Notices to Mariners-
Corrections to charts. Section
three, reprints
of Radio Navigational Warnings. Section four,
Corrections to Admiralty Sailing
Di- rections.
Section five, Corrections to Admiralty List of
lights and Fog Signals. Section six,
Co
rrections to Admiralty list of Radio
Signals. On my last ship, the ship owner provided
us with
the Notice to Mariners in every major
port. H they failed to give us the Notice, we' 11
send
them a request for this.
21. It
is very important to get rid of the outdated
charts and other SMS documents on board.
Why?
It is very important to keep the latest
revised charts (also some other ISM documents
on board) in the deck and engine room, and
keep away those outof
dated charts because
after a period of time, you will not be able to
know what documents are
the newest ones. The
mixture of the old and new documents on board can
easily give rise to
some problems for the
safety of he vessel. So it is very important to do
away with the obsolet
e documents as soon as
possible.
22. How do you maintain the
clocks?
I am responsible for the vessel
clocks except for those in the engine room. Before
getti
ng underway, clocks shall be compared and
synchronized, and the synchronization record
shal
l be entered into the Deck Logbook.
23. Under what situations do you call the
engine room when you are on duty?
(1)
Whenever it is necessary to make sure that engine
room and bridge clocks are sync
hronized;
(2) At least one hour before starting or
ending a sea passage;
(3) As soon as it
appears that engine operation maneuvers may be
required, with one hour'
s notice if possible;
(4) Whenever the ship machinery
operation may be affected by weather or other
condition
changes, such as shallow water
approach, concentration of marine life or seaweed,
ice in wat
er, or change of trim or draft due
to ballasting shifting;
(5) One hour before
inert gas system operation is required (for
tanker);
(6) One hour before steam is
required on deck;
(7) Whenever the
temperature falls to 2 degree Centigrade to
prevent damage to
equipment;
(8)
At least one hour before the standby generator is
required;
(9) Whenever the cargo pumps are
used;
(10) One hour prior to getting
underway.
24. What should you do first after
you join a vessel?
Firstly, I shall
familiarize myself with the Familiarization
Booklet, the Muster Lists and
Emergency
Card in my cabin.
Second, I shall report to
the Master and get familiar with other officers
and crew on
board the vessel.
Third,
with accompaniment of the relieved Second Officer,
I shall have an inspection of thos
e items he
was responsible for. I shall discuss immediately
with the Master on any
unsatisfactory
conditions, including equipment malfunctions. I
shall also take over all the
documents the
Second Officer should take care of. A good
handover with the relieved Second
Officer is
the most important thing for me.
25. When do
you have to change from the automatic steering to
manual steering?
The steering mode should be
changed from automatic to manual mode under the
followin
g circumstances:
(1) in any
emergency situations;
(2) in diminishing and
restricted visibility, as defined by the Master;
(3) when the ship's steering in shallow water;
(4) when the Master thinks necessary. When
the steering mode is changed, the watch
officers shall supervise the process.
26. If ship collision happens when you are on
duty, what procedure should you follow?
I
should follow the emergency checklist. Firstly, I
will sound the alarm for emergency;
Secondly,
I will inform the Master immediately;
Thirdly, I will inform the engine room and
prepare engine standby; After ship collision, all
the tanks should be sounded and the ship
owner, manager should be informed of the
accid
ent. The accident report should also be
sent to the all concerned parties and the coast
countr
y. And all the above actions, ship’s
position, times, etc. should be recorded properly.
27. Before the ship sails to a new port,
if you do not have one or two necessary charts,
what s
hould you possibly do? If possible, I
will ask for help from the Master. If the Master
cannot h
elp, I may ask for help from the
vessels sailing in the same area. Anyway, I will
try to solve the
problem before the vessel
sails to the port.
这是一个合格的二副所应该具备的应变的能
力。相信绝大多数船东都能按时提供海图，但是万
一出现上述情况，二副应千方百计想
办法弄到海图。
28. What is safety speed during
sailing? What factors should you consider hi
deciding the s
peed of a vessel during sailing
hi the sea?
The safe speed is the speed at
which the vessel can take proper and effective
actions to be
stopped in a safe distance. The
following factors should be taken into account to
achieve safe
speed: visibility, number of
ships in the area, the ship's maneuverability,
wind force, sea tide a
nd current, background
lights, draught and available depth of water,
proximity of navigational
hazards, standard
and operation of technical equipment on board, ice
condition and so on.
29. When navigating in a
crossing situation, as master or duty officer,
what anti-collision mea
sures should be taken?
When the vessels are proceed on head-on
condition, what anti-collision rule should be
observ
ed?
When a power-driven ship and
sailing meet in the sea, what anti-collision rule
should be obs
erved?
When two power-
driven ships are crossing, the ship which has the
other ship on her own star
board side shall
keep out of way. To do this, this ship can either
alter course to starboard side
or slow down
her speed in order to avoid collision. When two
power-driven ships are meetin
g head-on
situation or near head-on situation, each ship
shall alter course to starboard so tha
t they
can pass on the port side of each other at a safe
distance. When a ship sails at a highe
r speed
overtakes another ship, the ship shall sails at
higher speed or shall alter its course to
a
void collision. A power-driven ship shall
keep out of the way of a sailing ship. This can be
don
e either altering its course or speed up to
avoid collision.
30. You are the watch
officer at anchor on an 8000-ton ship which is
about 400 feet long. If th
e weather becomes
foggy and foggy, what precautions should you take?
I would station a man forward with orders to
ring the ship’s bell rapidly for about 5 seconds
every minutes and another man aft to sound the
gong likewise. Ship's whistle or siren would
be ready for use in case of necessity to give
warning of my position to a vessel approaching.
T
he signals for this warning shall be 3 blasts
in succession.
31. When should a turnover
(handover) of watch be deferred or postponed?
Usually, under the following situations, the
turnover can be deferred or even postponed:
(1) K the officer on watch has reason to believe
that the relieving officer is obviously not able
to carry out his duties effectively;
(2)
when bridge maneuver us taking place, turnover of
watch must be deferred until the acti
on is
completed and the ship is in a safe condition for
the relief of the watch to take place.
32.
Under what conditions should you as officer on
watch change the ship's speed?
Refer to the
Questions and Reference Answers for the Chief
Officer.
33. What actions should be taken
when restricted visibility is encountered or
expected?
(1) Call or notify the master;
(2) Switch on the navigational lights;
(3) Switch on and sound fog signals;
(4)
Switch on ARPA and Radar;
(5) Shift to manual
steering for maneuver;
(6) post additional
lockout;
(7) Inform and advise engine room
for any emergency maneuvers.
34.
What precautionary measures are to be done 12
hours before arrival at or departure from
any
port?
I shall test the following before
entering or getting underway:
(1) Primary and
secondary steering gear:
(2) Internal
control communications and control alarm;
(3)
Standby and emergency generator;
(4) storage
batteries for emergency lighting.
(5) Main
propulsion ahead and astern.
35. What should
you do in case of steering failure?
When
there is a steering failure, I shall report to the
master immediately, so that he may take
whatever actions are required. At the same
time, provided no further incidents occur, hoist
the signals for a vessel not under command. At
the same time, inform the engine room and
determine the time necessary for repairs, if
possible, so that the necessary preparations can
be made on the bridge.
36. When is great
circle sailing most advantageous? Please explain
briefly.
The shortest distance between two
meridians is the arc of the great circle contained
between
these two points. The advantages of
using the great circle sailing are most obvious in
high latit
udes, where there is a large
difference of longitude between the points of
departure and desti
nation.
37. How do
you do the chart work?
The chart work must
be so detailed that the Master or relieving
officer can easily and quickly
find out the
ship’s last known position and from that they can
determine its present position.
Detailed chart
work includes course line, DR position marked with
time and distance,
observed position
with time and distance plus the position fixing
method. Special notes like
when the Master
should be informed and when to slow down, etc. are
also needed in some d
angerous areas.
38.
If a man is overboard, what actions should you
take immediately?
I should throw him a
lifebuoy and follow the emergency procedure. That
is to say, I should sou
nd the alarm, inform
the Master and the engine room, make the
Williamson Turn and keep co
nstant lockout.
39. What is confine waters? What factor should
you take into account when you make passag
e
plan in the confined waters?
Confined waters
means an area of the sea where the width of the
safely navigable waterway i
s not more than
about 2 miles, such as a strait, considering the
draft of the vessel and water d
epth. For
navigation in confined waters, I shall consider
the following matters in planning a p
assage:
(1) Presenceabsence of special navigational
rules and items to report.
(2) Information on
the sailing directions, coast pilot, and so on.
(3) The draft of the vessel and the navigable
area of the sea.
(4)The effect of sinkage of
the hull (squat) and keeping enough under keel
clearance.
(5) Tides, and a tidal current.
(6) Weather conditions and counter-measures
against restricted visibility.
(7) Use of
navigation aids to give a sign, and setting of
Parallel Index (line for avoiding danger).
(8) Passing time of danger points (daylightnight-
time)?
(9) The degree of
congested water-traffic, crowded area with fishing
boats, and counter-meas
ures for the above
mentioned.
(10) The vessel's maneuvering
ability.
(11) Necessitylack of necessity for
adjustment of the vessel’s speed.
40. What
is safety speed during sailing? What factors
should you consider in deciding the spe
ed of a
vessel during sailing in the sea?
The safe
speed is the speed at which the vessel can take
proper and effective actions to be sto
pped in
a safe distance. The following factors should be
taken into account to achieve safe spe
ed:
visibility, number of ships in the area, the ship'
s maneuverability, wind force, sea tide and
current, background lights, draught and available
depth of water, proximity of navigational
ha
zards, standard and operation of technical
equipment on board, ice condition and so on.
41. When navigating in a crossing situation,
as master or duty officer, what anti-collision
mea
sures should be taken? When the vessels are
proceed on head-on condition, what anti-
collisio
n rule should be observed? When a
power-driven ship and sailing meet in the sea,
what anti-c
ollision rule should be observed?
When two power-driven ships are crossing, the ship
which
has the other ship on her own starboard
side shall keep out of way. To do this, this ship
can ei
ther alter course to starboard side or
slow down her speed in order to avoid collision.
When
two power-driven ships are meeting head-
on situation or near head-on situation, each ship
sh
all alter course to starboard so that they
can pass on the port side of each other at a safe
dista
nce. When a ship sails at a higher speed
overtakes another ship, the ship shall sails at
higher
speed or shall alter its course to
avoid collision. A power-driven ship shall keep
out of the wa
y of a sailing ship. This can be
done either altering its course or speed up to
avoid collision.
42. What is ISM Code? How
many chapters are there in ISM Code now? What is
DOC and SMC
?
ISM means International
Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships
and for Pollution
Prevention. It is made by
the IMO. The ISM Code (as amended) includes 16
chapters falling i
nto two parts:
implementation (part one), and verification and
certification (part two). The 16
chapters are:
general, safety and
environment protection
policy, company responsibilities and authority,
designated person ( s )
, master's
responsibilities and authority, resources and
personnel, development of plans for
shipboard
operation, emergency preparedness, reports and
analysis of non-conformity, accid
ents and
hazardous occurrences, maintenance of the ship and
equipment, documentation, co
mpany
verification, review and evaluation, certification
and verifications and control, certifica
tion
and periodical verification, verification, interim
certification, and forms of certificates. Th
e
last four chapters are newly added in the new
version of ISM Code. SMS means safety
man
agement system, and this system is made
based on the 16 elements of ISM Code, which is a
c
ompulsory part SO-LAS74. The ship-owner or
manager cannot get Document of Compliance
(DOC) and SMC without audited Safety
Management Certificate (SMC) by Class designated
by
the flag registry country administration.
43. In case of loss of bridge control, what
immediate actions do you take?
In case of the
vessel fall into loss of bridge control result
from trouble in the main engine, stee
ring
gear, etc. , the Officer of the Watch shall
immediately take the following measures:
*
Stopping Engine (in case trouble of steering
engine);
* Alerting other vessels
sailing nearby; (By means of lights for
or
VHF);
* Reporting to the Master (Chief
Engineer);
* Confirming the vessel position;
* Estimating the drifting direction and speed.
44. Can you name some publications on board
the ship? 下面列举一些海事出版物，供参
考。 Standard library
on board (applicable for all ships) Name of the
publication Published
by Location SOLAS 97
IMO Bridge MABPOL 7378 IMO Bridge MANUAL ON OIL
POLLUTION
Contingency planning IMO
Bridge MANUAL ON OIL POLLUTION Salvage IMO Bridge
MANU
AL ON OIL POLLUTION Combating oil spill
IMO Bridge Load Line 1966 IMO Bridge Load Line
S
upplementary to Load Line 1966 IMO Bridge
COLREG1'972 Revision IMO Bridge STCW95 IM
O
Bridge IMO Workshop Material On Implementation of
Revised STCW Convention IMO Bri
dge MARSAR
MANUAL IMO Bridge GMDSS HANDBOOK IMO Bridge
Ship's Routing IMO Brid
ge Ship's Routing
Amendments 1992 IMO Bridge International Code of
Signals IMO Bridge Gui
de to Helicopter Ship
Operation ICS Bridge Bridge Procedure Dude ICS
Bridge Peril at Sea an
d Salvage a Guide for
Master ICSOCIMF Bridge Effective Mooring OCIMF
Bridge