高英第一册答案
爱情爱情-小学生韵母表
Lesson11 But What's a Dictionary For?
I
.
1) the Atlantic. a a a scandal and a
disasterthe
New York Times :speeding the
deterioration of the language. the Journal of the
American Bar
Association: deplorable, a
flagrant example of lexicographic
irresponsibility, a serious blow to the
cause
of good English. Life :a non-word deluge,
monstrous, abominable, a cause for dismay.
2)The making of the dictionary involves $$ 3.5
million and the efforts of three hundred scholars
over a period of twenty-seven years.
3)Between the appearance of these two editions,
the science of descriptive linguistics has
come into being. Some of the major features of
the science are: a)Atl languages are systems of
human conventions, not systems of natural
laws. b)Each language is unique in its
pronunciation,
grammar, and vocabulary, c)All
languages are dynamic rather than static,
d)
only upon usage, and all usages is relative.
4)New dictionaries are needed because
English has changed more in the past two
generations
than at any other time in its
history.
5)He uses facts to show the
popular press is using the language that the Third
International
describes, even including the
very editorials which scorn it.
6)He says
many English words may be spelled and pronounced,
with equal correctness, in
either way.
7)Because the obvious is not necessarily easy to
define.
8)Yes, it certainly has some.
Ⅱ.
1)a shameless example of
irresponsibility in making the dictionary
2)What causes the abuse in the popular press?
3)Each language cannot be described
according to other language, or even by its own
past.
4)Every living language is in a
process of constant change.
5)Even in
spelling, which is so stable and hardly debatable,
a dictionary cannot always decide
absolutely
which is right and which is wrong.
6) A
dictionary should record the fact without
bothering whether it can satisfy the vanity of
those who use a dictionary to prove their
unyielding position in an argument or help those
who bet
some money in support of their
conviction.
7)Has the dictionary failed to
do its duty?
8)Lexicography is a science
and its judgment, like the judgment of God, cannot
be swayed by
anybody no matter what high
social position he may occupy.
9)And this is
also complicated, delicate, and always changing.
10)The editorial accuses the Third
International of being pedantically and
confusingly wordy.
Ⅲ. See the translation
of the text.
IV.
1)anemia
2)anesthesia 3)behavior 4)favorite 5)check
6)center 7)meter 8)defense 9)dialog
10)gram 11) program
12)modeled
13)practice 14)maneuver 15)Moslem
16)fulfill
V .
1)shame,
disgrace 2)speed up the lowering of the quality
3)horrible,
shockingdisgusting, very bad
4)quotations 5)difference, disagreement
6)forces 7)removed, taken awayirrelevant,
not essential 8) given up, neglected
9)listeners 10) wordiness 11)increase
12)removal
Vl.
1)to see sth. as
2)hoax 3)to charge 4)to set up 5)to
follow
6)quotation 7)to limit 8)to
record 9)current 10)distinction
11)to
be the business of
Ⅶ.
1)Life
regarded the dictionary being full of words that
have not come to be accepted.
2)The
difference...is by no means insignificant, it is
basic.
3) Modern linguistics take Leonard
Bloomfield's Language (1933)as its authority.
4)But if so, he has made unconsciously one
of the biggest mistakes one is liable to make in
dictionary making.
5)Anyone who tries
to sort out the many meanings now included under
door may have to
sacrifice brevity to
accuracy.
6)And, sure enough, in the
definition which made the Post angry...
Ⅷ.
1)alliteration and sarcasm
2)assonance and antithesis 3)metonymy 4)
metonymy 5) synecdoche 6) sarcasm
7)synecdoche
IX .
1)Never has a
scholarly work of this stature been attacked with
such unbridled fury and
contempt.
2)Is
all this a fraud, a hoax?
3)The first—and
essential—step in the study of any language is
observing and setting down
precisely what
happens when native speakers speak it．
4)Change is constant—and normal．
5)But he
wants—and has a right to—the truth，the full truth．
6)And this，too，is complex，subtle，and forever
changing．
7)The fine print in the lease„-and
the rent is computed on the number of rooms．
8)But one thing is certain：anyone who„nonsense．
Ⅹ．
1)我们已达成了协议。
2)他总是从钱的角度考虑问题。
3)谈到这个男孩时他们总是赞扬。
4)从那时起两国一直保持着友好关系。
5)你必须把这件事记在他的帐上。
6)我们把成功归于你的帮助。
7)他的父母帮他开设了律师事务所。
8)他们被大雾耽搁了。
9)工作是困难的，但你一定要坚持下去。
10)她改行搞演唱了。
Ⅺ．
1)The Garden of Harmonious Interest was
modelled on a garden in Wuxi．
2)He called on
the children to model themselves on the PLA
heroes．
3)This work may be relegated to
philosophy．
4)Benjamin Franklin was as much
a scientist and an inventor as a statesman．
5)He set down all the findings of every experiment
in his notebook．
6)Can you sum up the
central idea of this ancient poem in plain terms?
7)We should constantly adapt our thinking to
the changing conditions.
8) The young
soldier was frozen to death in the snow, his hands
still hanging on to the gun.
9) The said
company will furnish them with lodging and
transportation.
10)The speed of motor
vehicles is restricted to 55 km. per hour.
11)The cable message conveyed the deepest concern
of the people in the capital for those in
the
quake-afflicted areas.
12)What can you infer
about the author from the article it-self?
13)She has a preference for classical music.
14)The teacher urges the students to use English-
English dictionaries in preference to
English-
Chinese dictionaries.
XII .
lexicography, it, dictionary, up, language, data,
lexicographer, employed, selecting, fall, under,
assembling, useful, for, their, establish,
sometimes, of, changes, vocabulary, are, coinage,
went,
milestons, steps, that, such, listing,
feet
XIII. Omitted.
ⅩⅣ.
Outline
At first, the author mentions the
abuse in the popular press that greeted the
appearance of
Webster's Third New
International Dictionary and asks: what underlies
all this sound and fury? He
doesn't answer the
question at once but introduces the newly
appearing science of descriptive
linguistics
related to the making of dictionaries. From the
general findings of the new science he
draws a
conclusion that dictionary is good only insofar as
it is a comprehensive and accurate
description
of current usage. Then by citing facts he points
out that the English language has
changed a
lot since the birth of the Second International,
and the popular press vehemently
attacking the
Third International uses many words only to be
found in it. Therefore it is necessary
to have
a new dictionary to respond to and record the
changing language. At last, he states though
there is room for improvement in the Third
International, it is wise and practical to use the
Third
instead of the Second.
Lesson12 The Loons
I .
1)The
Tonnerres were poor The basis of their dwelling
was a small square cabin made of poles
and
mud, which had been built some fifty years before.
As the Tonnerres had increased in number,
their settlement had been added, until thc
clearing at the foot of the town hill was a chaos
of
lean-tos, wooden packing cases, warped
lumber, discarded car tyres, ramshackle chicken
coops,
tangled strands of barbed wire and
rusty tin cans.
2)Sometimes, one of them
would get involved in a fight on Main Street and
be put for the
night in the barred cell
underneath the Court House.
3)Because she
had had tuberculosis of the bone, and should have
a couple of months rest to get
better.
4)Her mother first objected to take Piquette along
because she was afraid that the girl would
spread the disease to her children and she
believed that the girl was not hygienic. She then
agreed
to do so because she preferred Piquette
to the narrator's grandmother, who promised not to
go
along with the family and decided to stay
in the city if the girl was taken along.
5)The cottage was called Macleod, their family
name. The scenery there was quite beautiful
with all kinds of plants and animals at the
lakeside.
6)The narrator knew that maybe
Piquette was an Indian descendant who knew the
woods quite
well, so she tried to ask Piquette
to go and play in the wood and tell her stories
about woods.
7)Because Piquette thought the
narrator was scorning and showing contempt for her
Indian
ancestors, which was just opposite to
her original intention.
8)Because the
narrator felt somewhat guilty. Piquette stayed
most of the time in the cottage
and hardly
played with the narrator. At the same time, she
felt there was in Piquette something
strange
and unknown and unfathomable.
9)That was the
very rare chance she was unguarded and unmasked,
so that the author could
perceive her inner
world.
10)Her full name is Vanessa Macleod.
11)Just as the narrator's father predicted,
the loons would go away when more cottages were
built at the lake with more people moving in.
The loons disappeared as nature was ruined by
civilization. In a similar way, Piquette and
her people failed to find their position in modern
society.
Ⅱ.
1)who looked
deadly serious, never laughed
2)Sometimes
old Jules, or his son Lazarus, would get involved
in a rough, noisy quarrel or
fight on a
Saturday night after much drinking of liquor.
3)She often missed her classes and had little
interest in schoolwork.
4)I only knew her
as a person who would make other people feel ill
at ease.
5)She lived and moved somewhere
within my range of sight (Although I saw her, I
paid little
attention to her).
6)If my
mother had to make a choice between Grandmother
Macleod and Piquette, she would
certainly
choose the latter without hesitation, no matter
whether the latter had nits or not.
7)Normally, she was a defensive person, and her
face was guarded as if it was wearing a mask.
But when she was saying this, there was
an expression of challenge on her face, which, for
a brief
moment, became unguarded and unmasked.
And in her eyes there was a kind of hope which was
so intense that it filled people with terror.
8)She looked a mess, to tell you the truth;
she was a dirty, untidy woman, dressed in a very
careless way.
9)She was brought in
court several times, because she was drunk and
disorderly as one could
expect.
III.
See the translation of the text.
IV.
1)-ious: religious, rebellious, furious,
obvious, conscientious
2)-ible: edible,
eligible, visible, resistible, sensible
3)-able：separable，passable， standable
manageable，readable，under-
4)-1y：manly，godly，deadly，motherly，monthly
5
)-ive：sensitive，objective，decisive，aggressive，retr
ospective
6)-ul：beautiful，careful，lawful，handful，joyful
7)-less：soundless，meaningless，merciless，restless
powerless
8)-y：dirty，healthy，sticky，showy，cloudy
9)-a
l：personal，national，conventional，traditional，hyste
rical
10)-ar：singular，polar，circular，similar，familiar．
Ⅴ.
1)walk in limping manner一瘸一拐地走路
2)presence that causes
embarrassment令人尴尬的人(或事)
3)eyes that do not
smile不会笑的眼睛
4)a sound that ululates哀鸣
5)mockery that chills令人发冷的嘲笑
6)a birch log
that is burning还在燃烧的白桦圆木
7)hope that
terrifies令人生畏的希望
8)a resort that
flourishes繁华的度假胜地
9)odours that
penetrate强烈的气味
10)lumber that is
warped弯曲的木材
11)car tyres that are
discarded被人扔掉的汽车轮胎
12)strands of barbed
wire that are tangled together，wire that are
barbed搅成一团团的铁丝网
13)wild strawberries that
are bruised表皮被擦伤的野草莓
14)a tree trunk that
has been fallen伐倒的树干
15)shoppers who are
offended被得罪的顾客
16)call that is drawn out
for a long time拖长音的呜叫声
Ⅵ．
the water
glistening greenly as the sun caught it；
All
around the cottage were ferns„on the thin hairy
stems；
two grey squirrels gossiping from
the tall spruce beside the cottage，beach；
icy water；
at night the lake
was like black glass with a streak of amber which
was the path of the
moon„：
and flew out
onto the dark still surface of the water：
there was no wind that evening„spearing through
the stillness across the lake；
etc．
Ⅶ．
1)a rough and noisy quarrel or fight
2)very much
3)I'm absolutely sure
4)Why is that important? Why should I care?
5)1 am not supposed to walk unless it is
necessary．
6)things like that
7)what
exactly
8)Are you crazy or what? My father
and I and the others
9)first—class，fine
name
lO)excellent
Ⅷ．
1)grabbed 2)lure 3)stifled 4)howling
5)swung 6)
thrashed 7)teetered
8)squawking even once 9)squashed
lO)scrambled 11)flickered
Ⅸ．
1)shack指胡乱搭盖的、简陋的小屋；home尤其指一个或长或短的住处，并与此地有着
感情和
忠诚的紧密个人联系。
2)bad
words指有教养的人不讲的话；obscenities指令人讨厌的脏话。
3)miraculously意为“神奇地”，“奇迹般地”；strangely enough
意为“特别奇怪地”，强
调了“奇怪”的程度。
4)cottage指乡村或旅游胜地的小屋；villa指用于避暑消闲的 阔气的乡间别墅。
5)meticulously指过于细心，太拘小节；carefully有精细彻底或辛勤努力地的意思，表
示
以小心谨慎陶行为来避免错误 的出现；curious
hands为转换修辞用法，实际上不指手，而 指
那个小孩好奇；strange—looking意
为“奇怪的样子”，指人的表情、外表看上去奇特或奇怪。
6)sullen意为“愠怒的”、“赌气的”；unhappy是常用词，表示 “不高兴的”。
7)respectfully指满怀敬意地；respectably指值得尊敬地。
8)re
buff表示断然拒绝；refusal意为不能照办或不能做某事，其“拒绝”的语气强，常强
调态度
坚决，有时甚至是粗鲁无礼。
9)path这里是指一长道反射的月光；reflection意为“反射”或
“被反射”，尤指镜中或
静水中之映像。
10)suspect意指认为某事可能存在或发生，近于猜想；doubt 则指怀疑，不相信。
11)respond意为“反应”，不仅表现在语言上，还指作出积极的
行动；reply指对提出的
问题或要求，经过认真考虑后，通过 书面、口头或某种行动的方式作正式
的答复或回答。
12)astounded指非常惊讶；surprised语气稍轻一些。
13)conventional指与正式的标准或原则相符或被其接受；trad
itional指跟传统一致的；
reject表示拒绝同意、承认或相
信；resent指对人或事感到不快或气愤。
14)settlement指一小块或孤立的居住区；smell是常用词，指
气味，香臭不论；odour常
指较浓的、易察觉或辨别的气味， 如chemical
odours。
X．
1)What about cycling to
the Fragrant Hills?
2)Only after her
mother's death did the daughter realize that she
was beginning to understand
her mother．
3)She is a quiet person who does not enjoy other's
company．
4)Seeing the funny look on his
face．she could not help bursting into laughter．
5)The money does not belong to him．He
borrowed it from a friend．
6)The second
generation of immigrants are stiIl
marginalized，belonging neither among the
white
society，nor among the Chinese Amarican community．
7)The Amarican couple put him up on the sofa
in the living room for the night．
8)She
opened her mouth but said nothing．Her mouth was
round as though she wanted to sing
a song．
9)He asked me how to set about learning a
second foreign language．
10)This decree
ceased to be effective last year．
11)This
important news failed to find its way into the
news paper．
12)I had trouble in making him
change his mind．
Ⅺ．
occupants，annih
ilated，from，year，massacre，place，great，assassinated
，pay， remaining，
refuge， children， cavalry， ov
erlooking，turn，fired，loose，tepees，over，original，ch
ildren，
who，hit，since，few
XII．Omitted．
ⅩⅢ．
My
Childhood
I was born in a small village and
my whole childhood was spent there． At that time,
the
countryside was poor and few families
could afford a black—and—white television， let
alone a
colour TV．Fortunately，there was a film
projection team in our people’s commune and it
added
to the happiness of my child—hood．
I became fascinated with films without my knowing
it，and seeing a film became one of my
major
funs after schoo1． There was not a film On every
day．Generally I would feel satisfied with
one
film every two or three weeks，though it was often
reprojected in different villages．1 was
happiest when my own village had a film on.
Once the news came to me，I got excited，my spirits
raised． Surely I would go to the place where
the film was to be on after school in the
afternoon．1
was very pleased when l saw two
deep holes dug，two long poles erected，and the
screen hung
high between the poles．After an
early supper，I would carry along bench and occupy
a better
position，usually near the place in
which the projector was to be，because it was also
fun watching
how the machine and tape worked．1
was not always SO lucky to get an ideal
place，particularly
when I toured with
my elders to see a film in villages far away，as
far as four or five Li on
occasions．If I had
classmates there，1 would be a little luckier since
I had asked them to get a
bench ready for
me．Otherwise，I had to sit right under the
screen，or if I chose，see the firm behind
the
screen．However，no matter where I found myself；I
enjoyed seeing a film．
Seeing a film in the
open air was one of the major means of
entertainment during my
childhood．An old story
as it is，I keep a place for it in my heart all the
time．
Lesson13 Britannia Rues the Waves
I .
1)Britain is sorry that she has
lost her dominance on the high seas. Britain was
proud of being
the lord of the sea for along
time, but now she regrets that she no longer
enjoys a naval supremacy.
2)Shipping is a
major successful industry in Britain because it
makes over ￡l 000 million a
year in foreign
exchange earnings, which is of vital importance
for the country. The reasons for
the success
are that the British ship-owners have put in big
investment and that there has been a
conference fixing prices to avoid cut-throat
competition.
3)The stiff foreign competition
comes from two main directions: from the Russians
and the
Eastern bloc countries who are
massively expanding their merchant navies and
doing their best to
step into the
international shipping trade by severely
undercutting Western shipping companies,
and
from the merchant fleets of the developing
countries, who are struggling to take over a big
share of the trade between Europe and Africa,
Asia and the Far East-routes over which Britain
used to have a total dominance.
4)A
companies. 5)The oil-tanker fleets.
6)Because freight liners carry all sorts of
different cargoes, so if there is a slump inone
particular industry, they may depend on others
and survive.
7)The Third World countries
regard a merchant navy as a symbol of their
national power and
have expanded their fleets
at an incredible rate. Yes, they are.
8)They
turn to high-technology investment. Yes, they are
for the time being.
9)On one hand, Russia
wants to earn hard currencies, on the other, a
deeper motive is that it
desires to increase
its sphere of influence in the world.
10)The major problems are the Soviet Union's
massive expansion of its merchant navy and
undercutting of Western shipping companies,
and UNCTAD, which guarantees the developing
countries a major slice of the shipping trade.
The problems also show that the capitalist world
is
divided rather than united as one.
Ⅱ.
1)cutting their way into the
international shipping trade by charging much less
freight rate than
the Western shipping
companies
2)who are determined to take the
biggest share of the trade
3)Britain has
important interests in these trade routes.
4) They make it more difficult to make a large
amount of money when economic conditions
are
favorable.
5)But they make it easier to
survive when economic conditions are unfavorable.
6)More and more oil tankers the world over
lay idle.
7)Much of the fleet
carries goods between foreign countries.
8)British companies are doing much business on the
line between Japan and Australia.
9)Developing countries consider a merchant navy
very important because it is a sign of their
economic power, so after they have set up a
national airline, the next thing they would like
to have
is a merchant fleet.
10)Neither
the growth in Russia's trade nor that in world
trade would demand such a rapid
development of
Russia's cargo-liner fleet.
11)These ships
would certainly make it possible for she Soviet
Union to exert its influence on
countries far
away from its territory.
12)When these
smaller shipping companies go bankrupt, a big part
of the few old industries
that have been doing
well and earning huge profits will close down.
Ⅲ. See the translation of the text.
IV.
1)NATO--North Atlantic Treaty
Organization 北大西洋公约组织(北约)
2)OAS—Organization
of American States美洲国家组织
3)OAU—Organization
of African Unity非洲统一组织(非统)
4)ASEAN—Association of Southeast Asian
Nations东南亚国家联盟(东盟)
5)OPEC—Organization of
Petroleum Exporting Countries石油输出国组织
6)SALT—Strategic Arms Limitation Talks限制战略武器会谈
7)UNESCO—United Nations
Educational，Scientific and Cultural
Organization联合国教科
文组织
8)M．I．T．-Massachusetts Institute of
Technology麻省理工学院
9)BBC—British Broadcasting
Corporation英国广播公司
10)V．I．P．-very important
person重要人物
11)GMT—Greenwich mean time格林威治平均时
12)GNP—gross national product国民生产总值
13)KGB—Komite Gossudarstvennoi
Bezopastnosti(Committee of State
Security)国家安全委
员会(克格勃)(苏联)
14)ICBM—inter—continental ballistic missile洲际弹道导弹
15)radar—radio detecting and ranging雷达
16)laser—light amplification by stimulated
emission of radiation激光
V．
1)the
sea and shipping：merchant navy，merchant fleet, sea
routes,the high
seas，tonnage，
ship—owners，shipping
companies．merchant ships，shipping
managers，
sailing-ships．steam-
ships，shipowners，shipping conference, shipbuilding
boom．shipping
industry，oil-tanker fleet,
charter rates，tankers，bulk carriers，dry
cargo，bulk—carrier
fleet．shipping
sectors，freight—liner services，liner— freight
vessels，agreed routes，ports,
shipment, liner
ship，freight rate，cargo—liner
fleet，sea—lanes，shipping fleet，shipping lines．
2)economy and trade：foreign exchange，balance
of payments，in deficit，shipping
trade，
undercut，invest，grant． tax
concessions，competition，oil prices，depression。cris
is，demand，
slump，bankruptcy，customer，manufactur
ed goods，cross—traders，profitable，foreign
currency． high—technology
investment，investment，container service,
warehouse，a code
number，trading
partners。revenue，liner trade，seaborne
trade，profit，hard currency．
imports，
payment，trading ties，international
business
Ⅵ．
1)grab the headlines
2)were being elbowed out 3)the lion's share
4)cash in on 5)made a big killing
6)having weathered 7)is around the
corner
8)the pinch of poverty 9)big lO)throw in the
towel
11)made up 12)a slump
Ⅶ．
1)peril常暗指近在眼前的危险，而且很可能造成损失或伤害；danger是常用词，表示
危
险，但不一定迫在眉睫或不可避免。
2)grants指补贴给的钱；loans指借的钱。
3)sophisticated指不仅
现代而且复杂，含有高精尖端技术等意；modern按时间划分，包
括现在的和刚刚过去的，时间跨度
可能相当长，也可能很短。
4)ruin意为“毁灭”；affect仅指产生不良影响。
5)depression指(经济)萧条；crisis指(经济)危机，比前者严重得多。
6)influence常用以表示无形的力量，指看不见的影响；affec常指看得到的影响。
7)lease指租赁，租借；charter是包租。
8)ratify指正式批准；pass指一般的通过。
9)invention指首次发明的东西；discovery指原本存在，现被发现的东西。
10)ability 能力。指能力，常常指能把事情干好；capability指潜在的。
Ⅷ．
1)mercantile
2)fleet，shipping，marine 3)significant，key
4)ships
5)vital 6)freight 7)slump
8)grow, increase 9)lines 10)plus
11)to
drive 12)coordinated
Ⅸ．
1)Oil is
considered the lifeline of industry．
2)The
Soviet Union has already carved its way into the
trade with the African countries．
3)The
recession is biting deeply into the auto industry.
4)They tried to cash in on the internal
conflict of the country．
5)Admiral Jellicoe
said that if something was not done promptly to
stop the losses，the Allies
would have to throw
in the towel before the end of the year．
6)They were elbowed out 0f the competition.
7)Big trouble lies just around the corner．
8)Officials insist that the country will be able
to weather the boycott．
X．
1)Oil is
the vital lifeline of the national economy in many
Middle Eastern countries．
2)The Third World
countries are bent on developing their industries
independently．
3)Some Western countries were
afraid that the oil—producing countries would
drive them out
of business by undercutting them．
4)The British government promised to put up the
money needed to solve the problem 0f
unemployment．
5)Saudi Arabia’s proved
reserves of on are by far the greatest in the
world．
6)The Chinese people stood the test
of the Cultural Revolution．
7)These veteran
soldiers have all weathered the test of many
battles during the Second World
War.
8)We are still a long way from the goal of the
four modernizations.
9) Many scientists and
technicians are out to learn foreign languages so
as to be able to read
first-hand reference
materials.
ll)A new telegraph building will
be completed and put into service soon.
12)Iraq's expansionism was under attack from the
press all over the World.
13)The military
expenditures of that country increase at a rate of
4% to 5% every year.
XI.
first,
were, perhaps, thousand, the, Navy, coal, in,
switch, which, all, to, of, tons ||growth,
automobile, wars, surge, these, and,
determined, by, shortest, oil, East, western ||
closure,
following, Egypt, after, 1967, a,
known, crude
XII. Omitted.
ⅫⅠ.
The Shipping Industry in
China
Since the founding of the People's
Republic of China is1949, its shipping industry
has
witnessed an enormous expansion.
In the last thirty years and more, the shippment
of passengers and freight has increased by
over 1600%, passenger turnover by over nine
times, and freight turnover by round about ninety
times. The total tonnage of ships and barges
has risen by over fifty times, and the volume of
freight handled at ports and harbours both
along the coastline and on the Yangtze River has
become more than twenty times larger. As for
navigational engineering, ships and harbours,
machine-production industry, communications
navigation, shippment monitoring, succouring and
salvaging, and the research and education
involved, all these sectors have developed at a
rapid rate.
In the total volume of freight
turnover of all means of transportation, the
shipping industry
ac-counts for over 40% in
the early 1980s, which is high above its share of
less than 20% in the
1950s. As for the foreign
trade freight, the shipping industry is also
playing a more and more
important role.
At present, China' s merchant navy is capable of
arriving at more than 400 ports in the
world.
China has built up a relatively massive shipping
system.
Lesson14 Argentia Bay
I.
1)The President was actually referring to
the national anthem, The Star-Spangled Banner.
2)See Note 20 and Exercise IX. 1)
3)
Admiral King ordered him to put himself at Mr.
Harry Hopkins' service and the President
wanted to meet Mr. Harry Hopkins before
Churchill came to call.
4)Hopkins' estimate
was that the Russians would hold. The Soviet Union
needed anti-aircraft
guns most. He was for ,
assisting the Soviet Union.
5)No, they
didn't. Churchill thought that if U. S. helped
Russia, it would hurt itself soon.
Roosevelt
thought the U. S. would help Russia to defeat the
Germans because Hitler was
threatening the
world peace and he must be destroyed.
6)According to the author, Roosevelt was Number
One Man.
7)The major problems were.
excessive and contradictory requests from the
British services,
unreal plans, unfilled
contracts, jumbled priorities, and fouled
communications. Building new
ships to replace
U-boat sinkings came first, because no war
material could be used against Hitler
until it
had crossed the ocean.
8)Their immediate
need was a hundred fifty thousand rifles. These
rifles were not as expensive
and unavailable
as ships, airplanes, tanks, and men.
9)Burne-Wilke wanted to have a word with him. The
British asked for two destroyers to escort
them back. The request was put to Henry
indirectly and tactfully as I see it.
10)First, Henry would escort the Prince of Wales
with two of American destroyers, disembark
in
Iceland, and return with the two ships. Second,
the U. S. would soon be escorting all ships to
Iceland and Franklin Roosevelt. Junior would
be sent along as a naval aide to Churchill while
he
toured the U. S. Iceland base. head a
military supply mission to September. Third, Henry
was to
the Soviet Union in
11)Over the
ship was hanging a subtle gloom because the
conference was not productive as
expected by
Churchill.
12)Henry answered it was a rare
privilege. He didn't accept the invitation because
he thought
once was plenty.
13)No, he
didn't.
14)Because there was not a shred of
increased American commitment.
15)Because
many countries were British colonies.
16)
Perplexed looks, lengthening faces, and
headshakes. The questions centered on why the U.
S. didn' t increase its commitment. Henry' s
explanation was that the American people didn't
want
to fight Hitler.
Ⅱ.
1)Compared with the British vessel which had gone
through many a battle and weathered the
storm,
the Augusta which was new and clean and which
carried King seemed to be from another
world.
2)A group of British navy men were cleaning
the deck in a spirited way.
3)His visits to
London and Moscow were widely covered by
newspapers all over the world.
4)He's
having the best time of his life, sir.
5)
The Russians will fight on. And it will be
difficult for them to manage to carry on the
fight.
6) Hopkins extended one of his weak
and feeble hands and used his thin bony fingers to
count
the things the British wanted to have.
7)But it will make it difficult for the
Americans to reject their second demand.
8)Their empire is very weak in that area (in
Asia).
9)The British will also try, subtly
but hard, to reach an agreement that the U.S.
should give
more and earlier assistance
to Britain than to Russia.
10)The two
leaders made their handshake last longer than
usual to give photographers time to
take
pictures. At the same time they smiled and greeted
each other.
ll)Somehow Roosevelt looked just
a little more of a Number One Man.
12)Pug
was more familiar with the crippled President than
the one on the front-pages standing
upright.
13)Throughout the talk of big imaginary
plans ... one pitiful item appeared again and
again.
14)If Russia was defeated, Hitler
might try to conclude the war successfully with a
large-scale
airborne attack on England.
15)It was rather risky and daring (sportsmanlike)
of Churchill to give the German soldiers a
good chance to attack him on the high seas.
16)We would have to be careful not to make
excessive use of those good angels, otherwise
they would refuse to protect US.
17)There are too many claims on the limited naval
force so we are badly in need of destroyers
for escorts on our way back.
18)We
could do with two more destroyers on the escort
force on our return journey.
19)Victor
Henry could be vaguely aware of a feeling of
helplessness which was difficult to
perceive
but which permeated the place.
20)They were
over conscious of their country's plight.
21)Their conversation showed that they were not
sure of the American aid though they felt a
little hopeful.
22)There in the Soviet
Union things are going badly for the Russians.
23)You may experience some adventure during
the voyage.
24)The film was interesting but
without any important meaning.
25)For Victor
Henry, it was an embarrassing half hour.
26)The declaration is in high-sounding words, but
contains nothing substantial in terms of aid
to Britain by the United States.
27)There was clear cut condemnation of the Nazi
regime, but no promise of more U.S. aid.
28)I would think the Roosevelt-Churchill
conference might have decided on more things than
that.
29)Pug thought it better to give a
clear, direct answer. Ambiguity would not bring
any good,
only more illusions and
disappointments.
30)Lend-Lease is no hard
work, it just means the American people will have
more jobs and
earn more money.
Ⅲ .
See the translation of the text.
Ⅳ.
sailors, officers, destroyers, battleship,
admirals, generals, cruiser, vessel, accomodation
ladder,
main battery guns, quartermaster, the
Navy captain, gangway, quarterdeck, gang-plank,
bridge,
cabin, afterdeck, marine, submarine,
naval aide, wardroom, major-general, U-boat,
flagship,
embark, disembark
V.
deck--floor, bulkhead--wall, stem--
head, stern--tail, port--left (or left-hand side),
starboard--right (or right-hand side), galley
--kitchen, wardroom--living (or dinning)quarters
for
officers，bunk——bed
Ⅵ．
1)aluminium 2)armoured 3)colour 4)favour 5)grey
7)programme 8)metre 9)labour
10)manoeuvre
Ⅶ.
1)mist是薄雾；fog意义广泛，可指各种各样的雾。
2)chores是日常琐事；tasks意义宽
泛得多，可指任务 工作、作业、功课等。
3)brass band为铜管乐队；symphony orchestra指弦乐队。
4)beckon是用手或身体其他部位示意；call除了用姿势，还可 用话语。
5)belittle意为贬低，带有故意挑剔的意味;diminish一般不含故意的成分。
6)hobble指跛足而行；totter指行走不稳定，往往暗示年老体弱；stagger指醉酒或头脑昏
沉时脚步踉跄。
7)hitch指一拉一拉地移动，如瘸子行走的样子；move较为抽
象，只表示“移动”，“运
动”，不涉及移动、运动的方式。
8)blouses指水手、士兵的紧身短上衣；shirts指衬衣。
9)sip比drink更具体，指一小口一小口地喝，呷。
10)start后常接动名词或不定式，接名词时意为begin(开始)；start
on后接名词，意思是
开始做某事。
11)paine(!expression指情绪不高；painful expression指因痛
苦而产生的表情。
12)heartily表示热烈地，热情地；happily表示幸福地，喜悦地。
13)detach表示让„„去干别的事；dismiss意为开除。
14)secrecy
warnings指看得见的，告诉人们这是秘密地点的警告；secret
warnings是看不
见的，也不让别人看见的警告。
15)remark是简短地说
，比较随便地评论；comment往往用于正式场合；plod意为费力地
缓慢行走；stroll指
悠闲地漫步。
Ⅷ．
1)plodded 2)walked
3)hobbled 4)tottered 5)stroll
6)diminished 7)reduced 8)belittle
9)dwindled 10)minimize
11)felt 12)is
fully aware of 13)are conscious of 14)sensed
15)clustered 16)swarmed 17)rounded up
18)mustered
IX.
1)The Augusta is
an American cruiser and at that time the United
States nominally was not at
war with Hitler
while the Prince of Wales was a British battleship
and Britain had been fighting
against Hitler's
Germany for over a year. Hence the statement
peace to war
2)At places on the part
above the main deck there were new welds. These
were damages
caused by the gunfire of the
German battleship Bismarck. The welds looked like
stick-ing plaster
put to new Wounds.
3)This time Hitler has attacked a
country too big for him to conquer.
4)Britain was no longer the Number One power of
the
was taking over this position. 5)As soon
as the two parties agreed that priority should be
given to
the building of ships, all other
requests and programs would have to be crossed
out.
6)This simple yardstick rapidly
revealed what were lacking in the U.S. war
industry at the
time.
7)Wines and
spirits are forbidden in your Navy or you're not
allowed to drink on board, are
you?
8)The President is the man who lays down all Navy
regulations and he can adapt them as he
wishes.
9)Blockade ... would in time
weaken the German control of Europe.
10)They
were over conscious of their country' s plight.
ll)They vote according to their political
suspicions or intuitions to protect their
political careers.
They try to figure out what
the electorate want and then vote accordingly. In
this way they hope
the electorate will be
pleased and they will be able to be re-elected.
12)You are our favorite．We feel kinship with
you．You are the players from our side，all
right；
we are the spectators，we stand on your
side。we have sympathy for you．When you play，we
cheer
you．
X．
1)The
wilderness—ringed Argentia Bay in Newfoundland
looked gray and it was very quiet
there．
2)Droves of blue jackets were doing a scrub—down
in high spirits．
3)They prolonged the clasp
for the photographers．talking and smiling．
4)Pug observed that not one of them was taking
photos when he hobbled．
5)The sailors
swarmed into a ring around the two men, laughing
and cheering．
6)Franklin Roosevelt listened
attentively．his eyes were shining and he was
smiling all the
time．
Ⅺ．
1)他把钢笔丢了，还是一支新的呢。
2)主干道上来往的车辆越来越多。
3)别这么夸我，我会让你失望的。
4)他逐渐出了名。
5)瞥这一眼就够了，不用再请了。
6)1977年底时，他们的纯收入是近五年来最低的。
7)1942年春季来临时，德国的军事形势几乎没有什么变化。
8)他用含混的语言掩饰真正的用意。
9)经过三周激烈的谈判，达成了交易。
10)医生一心扑在病人身上。
11)我的马丁尼酒不要甜的。
12)在禁酒期间，美国有些城市滴酒不售。
13)她喜欢面包上什么也不涂。
14)诗人要亲身体会一下各种各样的感情，从狂喜到悲痛欲绝。
15)那个国家尚未成为该国际组织的正式成员。
16)他只懂一点儿法语。
17)别开他的玩笑。
18)别放在心上，我是说着玩儿的。
19)汽车在公路上疾驰。
20)他们得精打细算，使钱能勉强用到发工资时。
Ⅻ．
1)We believe that victory is in
sight．
2)They warn there is no obvious
remedy in sight.
3)After the toasts by the
host and guest，the band struck up an American folk
song．
4)They struck up a friendship right
after their first meeting.
5)To improve
your diction， you must pay attention to the shades
of meaning of words．
6)The African nations
might press{or more stringent sanctions．
7)I
didn't press him for further explanation?
8)The world newspapers are focusing their
attention on the summit conference being held in
Geneva.
9)Demonstrators took to the
streets by the thousands.
1O)The communique
struck the reporters as one of historical
significance
11)The U．S．president returned
from the Mideast last week，only to find a new war
raging on
the domestic energy front．
12)Disappointed and exhausted，the general retired
earlier than usual，only to be awakened
soon
after midnight.
13)There is more to the
vote than approval of the canal treaty．
14)We 100ked at it more carefully to see whether
there was more to it than we assumed in the
past．
15)This mountain stream makes
sounds similar to those of a guitar．Hence the name
“The
Spring of Jade Guitar
ⅩⅢ．
re—elected， naturally， endorsement' domestic， met，
appealed，nations，defense，called，
submitted，desi
gned, limitations, make, available, This,
authorized, transfer, articles, any, vital,
also, nations, shipyards, law || made,
arsenal, American, to, Axis, worth, services,
production,
officially, neutrality ||
announced, extended, one, common, broke, set,
vast, was, mistakes, undid,
England, had,
pinning, German, front
XIV. Omitted.
XV.
President Roosevelt's opinion
for Hitler' s invasion of Soviet Union.
If
the United States interfered and declared war on
Germany, the serious condition would be
lessened. But Roosevelt lacked the support of
the Congress and many of the people. Anyway, he
did quite a lot in favour of the Soviet Union
and Anti-Fascist League. He was going to send a
military supply mission to Soviet
Union, and he was ready to send a government
representative to
Moscow.
At that time,
the life in America is peaceful and comfortable.
People did not want to fight
against Hitler
nor anybody. And the congressmen tried to avoid
any damage and loss of property
from the war.
Thus the extension of the draft was won just
within one vote.
On the other hand, the
condition then was profitable to the United
States. It benefited from the
war through the
arms trade and other service trade. The passage of
Lend-Lease Act is one
indication.
At
last America joined the war, that was for the sake
of the situation.
Lesson15 No Signposts
1n the Sea
I .
1)He can appreciate the
grace of her gestures and the beauty of her
clothes ,for the good taste
of which he
praises her.
2)Yes, he appreciates natural
beauty, but he was not always like that.
3)The moon and the cool water of the swimming pool
provided him with relaxation, and a
feeling of
serenity of mind and sublimation of emotion.
4)He likes the stern cliffs best, with ranges of
mountains soaring behind them, because they
are full of possibilities and only the most
daring can climb on to the top.
5)An Italian
is in charge of the lighthouse. He loves his job
so much that he will not quit it for
anything.
6)He imagines that one may live an idyllic
life there.
7)Because suffering and sin can
be found everywhere human beings live，including
those two
islands，one being a leper colony，the
other a penal settlement．
8)The green flash
means the green light seen in the sky the moment
the sun sets under the
horizon．and only in
certain cases does it appear．
Ⅱ．
1)The Colonel，an Empire builder who is not too
disgustingly aggressive，sometimes tries to
talk to me about public affairs．
2)Or
maybe my suppressed inclination has been brought
out under Laura's unintentional
influence．
3)1 was as puritanical as a Pharisee and I
viewed with contempt a11 those who lived a less
practical life than my own and regarded them
as inhabitants on the moon．
4)Just imagine
how I have changed now．Here I stand。sentimental
and sensitive，like an o ld
unmarried woman
painting a water—colour picture of sunsets．
5)Before I die，1 want to enjoy beauty to my
heart's content．
6)I imagine devoted
religious people must be experiencing a thorough
catharsis as I do now
when they leave the
solemn confessional after gaining pardon of their
sins．
7)There is a trace of simple poetic
quality in his character．
8)1 also like the
unusual information he conveys to me from time to
time without speaking
emphatically．
9)There is quite a lot of knowledge stored away in
the Colonel’s mind，which is not
interesting
except for that．
10)This is quite
another Edmund Carr，who has changed so much!
Ⅲ．See the translation of the text．
Ⅳ．
1)(拉)特别，持定 2)(德)闪电战 3)(丹)祝你健康、干杯 4)
(法)
代办 5)(意)协奏曲 6)(法)政变 7)(法)布置，舞台美术
8)(法)缓和 9)(法)冷菜，冷盘 10)(意)间奏曲 11)(日)和服
12)(汉)叩头 13)(俄)富农 14)(西)强壮男子
15)(瑞)餐前冷菜
6)(拉)现状 17)(西)节日
18)(印地)(印度的)王公 19)(阿拉伯)(穆斯林
国家的)酋长
20)(希)我想出了，我找到了
V．
1)fill(V．)：He
filled the position capably．
fill(n．)：Let
her cry her fill．
2)ripple(n．)：The moon
danced on the ripples of the lake．
ripple(V．)：A laughter rippled through the hall．
3)marble(n．)：He stopped to admire a statue
in marble．
marble(v．)：All the book edges
were marbled．
4)pile(n．)：The actress’fan
mail forms a huge pile．
pile(V．)：He
finished a whole dish piled high and thick with
meat．
5)touch(V． )：Her words touched him to
the quick．
touch(n．)：I have a mild touch
of flu．
6)range(n．)：Da Vinci had a wide
range of interests．
range(V．)：The size of
computers range from that of a button to that of a
room．
7)beach(n．)：He was drowned while
swimming at the beach．
beach(v．)：They
found a small boat beached on the shore．
8)catch(v．)：1 was nearly caught in the shower．
catch(n．)：Nothing could give the angler a
greater delight than a good catch．
9)hump(n．)：He was born with a hump on his back．
hump(v．)：When the cat saw the mouse，it
humped its back for a jump．
10)obscure(
adj．)：The meaning of that sentence is obscure to
me．
obscure(v．)：Later successes obscured
his earlier failures．
Ⅵ．
grey，white，rich colours，dark red，olive
green，midnight blue， blacker， more golden，
bleached， yellow， golden brown，green，red，a
tender palette of pink and blue，blue， purple,
emerald
Ⅶ.
1)pass our time
pleasantly 2)beginning 3)level of
existence 4)
grown up 5) dry and
barren 6) inner places (parts) „
sternforbidding
7)lonely
8)tellsreveals 9)except 10)moved backward
„ hidden
ll)intense bluishgreen
12)joyhappiness
Ⅷ.
1) cram
2) disperse 3) crept 4) scribbledjotted
down
5)soaredrocketed 6)Work is piling
up 7)lounging 8)receded
9)snatched
10)slapped him
lX. metaphor :
1)a
new Clovis, loving what I have despised „
2)an Endymion young and strong
3)the sea „
with no ripples at all but only the lazy satin of
blue
4)the red ball (the sun)
simile
:
1)it is as in a moving picture that I can
note the grace of her gestures
2)dismissive
as Pharisee
3)as sentimental and sensitive
as any old maid doing water colours of sunsets
4)my imagination „so austere in the
foreground but nurturing what treasures of
tenderness,
like delicate flowers, for the
discovery of the venturesome
5)„gives a cry
like a sea-bird
6)„ we are as pleased a
children when our game succeeds
7)I like the
footfall of naked feet in the dust, silent as a
cat passing.
8)the faint creaking, as of the
saddle-leather to a horseman riding across turf
alliteration :
1)on a less practical
plane
2)And now see how I stand, as
sentimental and sensitive as any old maid
3)clear of cloud
4)I would never have
believed in the simple bliss of being
5)the
hiss of sudden spray
X.
1)metonymy
2)metonymy 3)euphemism 4)personification 5)
transferred epithet 6)hyperbole
7)transferred
epithet and9 ) onomatopoeia 10) trans
XI.
1)imperial 2)simple 3)high 4)jealous
5)ignorant 6) clear 7) exaggerated 8) beaten 9)
obvious 10)
confident 11 ) disappointed
12)inadequate 13)close 14)interested 15)beautiful
16)conscious
Ⅻ.
1)He has a good
eye for water-colours.
2)The daughter
ventured to object to her parents's arrangement of
her marriage.
3)Pressed by poverty, he took
to stealing.
4)My long journey was beguiled
with novels.
5)I suppose you have read Mark
Twain.
6)He concentrated all his attention
on this problem to the exclusion of all others.
7)Failure to make the right decision at once
will make the whole thing very difficult if not
impossible.
8)Our problems are
piling up. We must solve them as quickly as we
can.
9)The sentries are relieved every four
hours.
10)There was a touch of irony in his
remark.
ll)Memories of childhood are
gradually receding.
XIII. Omitted
XIV.
A Visit to Yellow
Mountain
I was here at last! Standing at the
foot of Yellow Mountain, I tried to convince
myself that I
was where I was. It was a hot
day, and the sky was clear of clouds. We were
sweating even before
we began to climb the
mountain early in the morning. The steps were so
numerous that they
looked like a ribbon
winding its way to the sky. All along the way,
birds were chirping among the
trees and
bushes, where leaves were stirring with every
movement of the pure mountain air. Now
and
then a mountain stream ran down, leaping from rock
to rock and filling the valley with
laughing
murmurs. When I looked up occasionally, the
mountain tops could be seen clearly
against
the vast blue sky. I went on cheerfully, leaving
my companions behind most of the time.
When
we came to the Guest-Greeting Pine, all of us were
very excited. She stood at the edge
of an
overhanging rock, stretching out her hands to us.
How friendly she and the Yellow Mountain
were
!
Lesson16 1776
I.
1)The
Second Continental Congress was convened in
Philadelphia in 1776. It was important
because
it witnessed the signing of the Declaration of
Independence.
2)He was not for
independence.
3)These united colonies are
free and independent states, they needn't be loyal
to the British
Queen any more they have
nothing to do with Great Britain in terms of
politics.
4)The vote was on the motion to
postpone indefinitely the resolution of
independence or
proceed with the debate. New
Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Dela-
ware, Connecticut,
and Virginia were for~
Pennsylvania, Maryland, North Carolina, South
Carolina, and Georgia
were against, and New
York abstained. Among them, New Hampshire,
Massachusetts, Rhode
Island, and Connecticut
are New England states, New York, Pennsylvania,
Delaware, Maryland
are middle states, and
Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and
Georgia are southern states.
5)Dickinson
didn't deny there were crippling taxes and other
grievances. He argued that
Britain was the
noblest and most civilized nation on the face of
the earth. He offered a gentler
means of
redressing them instead of revolution and
violence.
6) Dickinson maintained that
seperation out of the British Empire meant total
destruction to
the continent, while Rutledge
was against independence in that South Carolina,
which he
represented, would probably fall into
the hands of people from other states when
independence
was gained.
7)Rutledge,
representing South Carolina, changed to become for
independence.
8)Hancock did so to make the
vote on independence official and formal.
9)Because he thought if the vote was
not unanimous, those colonies opposing
independence
would fight on the side of
England against those favouring independence,
resulting in internal
strife and bringing
destruction to the continent.
10)He wanted
to postpone the debate because there was no
written declaration of
independence to vote
on.
11)A literary society refers to men of
letters. Bartlett says a congress is not a
literary society
because congressmen are
politicians rather than writers who are fond of
emotional and poetic
expressions.
12)The
passage was about the crime of Britain doing black
slave trade and maintaining slavery
in
America. Rutledge wanted to delete it because in
his native state ,South Carolina, black slavery
was legalized and part of their life.
13)One was Britain, the other was the North of the
united States. The former encouraged the
trade
of slavery, and the latter carried and sold
slaves.
14) The triangle trade went like
this, Americans went to Africa, bought slaves, and
carried
them back and sold them in America.
The New England made the fortunes.
15)Franklin was angry because John clung to a
minor topic- slavery instead of the central
one--independence. John insisted that the
abolishment of slavery should be included in the
declaration, in such a case, southern states
would not approve it because they do not seem to
be
able to go without slavery. Therefore,
Franklin thought it was necessary to make some
sacrifice or
compromise to get the declaration
approved unanimously.
Ⅱ .
1)The
Deep South speaks in unity and complete agreement.
2) What position do you take on the question
of independence?
3)Been drinking and eating
too much again, old man?
4)I only wish that
King George felt all over his body the pain that I
now feel in my big toe.
5)North Carolina
submits to South Carolina with respect.
6)It seems that in Georgia majority opinion is
against independence but Hall (Georgia's
delegate) is for independence.
7)For
the obvious reason that we can no longer hear our
continued connection with Great
Britain.
8)Mr. Adams, you are good at making such pleasant
word as
which is annoying.
9)Why, even
your own cousin has fled from justice and for his
capture of death a reward has
been offered by
the British troops stationed in America.
10)I'm perfectly able to defend myself, Mr.
Dickinson.
ll)And up to now,
without
making an effort.
12)Though it has been
proposed in the name of Virginia, it reflects the
spirit of Adams.
13)You are moving ahead of
time. We are not ready for independence.
14)General Washington is in the battlefield.
15 )They are typical of opportunistic and cowardly
sentiments of North Carolina.
16)If we are
brave and courageous, we'll
17)Mr. President,
South Carolina demands that the question be put to
vote.
18)A declaration of this kind
would be in keeping with the fine manners and
proper way of
doing things in Europe.
19)Don't play any tricks now, Mr. Adams. You have
to think up something better for an
answer.
20)Answer directly--what would be its
purpose?
21)When one talks about one's own
rebellion, it's legal, though other people
consider it illegal
from their point of view.
22)Are there any who wish to amend, delete,
or alter the Declaration ?
23) I had hoped
the work proper would show my opinion clearly.
24)We'll keep this word tyrant, he will
continue to be a tyrant.
25)Good God]
Fishing rights! How long shall we go on wasting
time in trifling.
26)To us in South
Carolina, black slavery is our special custom and
we love it as part of our
life.
27)Rutledge has found his target.
28)Many
things weightier than money are involved in this
issue.
29)Be brave to accept what's
happened, John--it's over.
30)The price for
keeping the slavery clause is too high for us.
31)Don't boast of the good things you've
done before. Perhaps now you still have to do
something worthy.
32) No matter how much
we disagree with them, we shouldn't order them to
do this or that like
ordinary office workers.
33)But in any case, don't act like a coarse,
scolding woman.
34)The question of American
independence depends on what you say.
35)I'm
sorry, John --I just didn't expect that.
Ⅲ. See the translation of the text.
IV.
president, members, secretary,
custodian, bell-ringer, chamber, tally board,
session, gavel, pass,
abstain, abstention,
absence, postpone, unanimous, delegation,
delegate, proceed
second a motion, move a
motion, say Yea, say Nay, where does Congress
stand, pound the
gavel, call the question, the
Chair would like to ..., vote on sth.
Gentlemen, the usual morning festivities
concluded, I will now call the congress to order.
The Chair takes this opportunity to ..
The Secretary will read the roll.
Mr.
President, I second the proposal! The resolution
has been proposed and seconded.
Congress
will now proceed with the debate.
Mr.
Secretary, you will record the vote. Hear me out.
I move for a postponement.
It has
been moved and seconded.
All those in favor
of the motion to postpone signify by say
The vote again being tied, the Chair decides in
favor of the postponement.
So ruled.
Move to adjourn.
Any objections?
Yes! I have objections.
Congress stands
adjourned !
Hear me, Mr. President!
I've got one!
Over here !
Gentlemen,
please !
No objections.
The Congress
will now vote on -
I'd remind you,
gentlemen, that a single
V.
1)Chris, Kit 2)Dave 3)Don 4)Ed, Ned, Ted
5)Fred 6)Jim 7)Joe
8)Mick, Mik 9)Pat,
Paddy 10)Bob, Rob ll)Rod 12)Sam 13)Bill,
Will
14) Cathy 15) Dolly 16)Bess, Betsy,
Betty, Liza, Elsie, Lisa, Liza, Liz 17) Bella
18)Jackie 19)Jo 20)Kate, Kathy, Kitty
21) Maggie, Madge, Meg, Peg, Rita
22)Pat
VI.
1)shout, yell 2)What position
does Georgia take 3)Keep them in ordertell which
is which 4)understand 5)g0 on
bearingtolerate 6)eating and drinking too much
7)it rests with me 8)got what you desired
9)have ruined us 10)continue with it
ll)Be
on the watchBe careful 12)understand 13)has
defeated us 14)don't press
me hard
15)agree with themjoin them
Ⅶ.
1)You would second the motion, you little weasel!
2)These are precisely the sentiments of
North Carolina.
3)Why do you want
independence?
4)You are so safe, so fat, so
comfortable in Pennsylvania.
5)We have no
army, no navy„ but God bless our soul, we have
spirit !
6)Take it easy, John!
7)You
have (I offer you) my sympathies, Mr. Morris.
8)I move to adjourn!
9)The proposal has
been moved and seconded--do you have any
objections?
10)That passage about slavery
is just another literary license then.
11)Well, Mr. Rutledge, what do you want?
12)John, put first things first! The first thing
is Independence I It's America !
13)I ask
for a poll.
Ⅷ.
1)for if we do not
make clear what our problems are and fight for
independence blindly, we
may end by losing
everything
2)We are not yet ready for
independence. You are going too fast.
3)Whenever there is any risk or danger, you remain
behind the scene, so that if we should fail
you'll still
be free of trouble.
4)Would you go on with
all these Mterations and deletions until you take
away all of its
fighting spirit?
5)Don't boast of your past achievements! Perhaps
it is time you made new contributions.
6)but in any case, stop being rude and scolding
7)We are about to face the deadly struggle
courageously with our Declaration of
Independence.
8)This paper is evidence
of our
IX.
1)they mill about over
in that corner--near the two Carolinas. (ridicule)
2) They'll be wanderin' in any time now, sir
--with Old Grape 'n' Guts leadin' the pack.
(ridicule)
3)Where'd y' go for it, man
--Jamaica? (sarcasm)
4)tria juncta in uno
(irony)
5)a tribute to the eternal peace
and harmony of the Delaware delegation. (irony)
6)Been living too high again, eh, Pappy.
(ridicule)
7)The usual morning festivities
concluded. (sarcasm)
8) After what Rh(,de
Island's consumed, I can't say I'm surprised.
(ridicule)
9)If you say so. (sarcasm)
10)They won't be satisfied until they remove one
of the Fs from JEFFERSON' s name.
(sarcasm)
11)Just another literary license. (sarcasm)
12)What's that smell floatin' down from the
North--could it be the aroma of
hypocrisy?(sarcasm)
13)They might have
kept their document intact, for all the difference
it will make. (sarcasm)
14)And is that how
new nations are formed--by a nonentity -trying to
preserve the anonymity
he so richly deserves.
(sarcasm)
X.
1)You mustn't think
our Northern friends merely see our slaves as
figures on a ledger ---
(figure.1)a number
sign;2)a whole human body)
2)If we don' t
hang together, we shall most assuredly hang
separately. (Hang together, remain
united,
support each other. The second
XI.
l)euphemism 2)innuendo, sarcasm 3)euphemism,
mild sarcasm 4)metonymy
5)metonymy
6)metonymy 7)metonymy 8) euphemism 9)
hyperbole
10) antithesis 11 ) synecdoche
12) hyperbole 13) metonymy 14) alliteration
15) euphemism, 16)metonymy, antithesis
XII.
1)Hopkins didn't wait until McNair
finished his words. The Latter was not introducing
to the
former a doctor but a delegate by the
name of Dr. Hall.
2)When Thomson
said that, Mr. Hopkins, having drunk too much rum,
had gone to the
restroom. And
3)Franklin
was awakened by Dickinson's hard strike against
the table and he expressed his
anger in a
humorous way by saying
was also witty,
retorted by saying
were so boring that
everyone present would fall asleep if he spoke. By
the last sentence, he meant
4)Hancock
was actually asking the members to come to sign
the Declaration of Independence.
Earlier,
Dickinson, who was against separation，referred to
the acts of those for in dependence as
treason．
ⅩⅢ．
1)你的秘书今天又迟到了，你最好说说她。
2)证据有力地证明了他的诚实。
3)不要在背后说同志们的坏话。
4)在辩论中他坚持自己的立场。
5)他会请我们喝香槟吗?
6)我当然要遵守诺言。
7)我现在时间很紧。
8)治疗后病有些好转。
9)他待同志们很好。
10)女房东给新来的客人打扫了一个房间。
11)这所房子需要修缮。
12)我们差点出了大事故。
13)你什么时候发现钱包不见的?
14)教训非常深刻。
15)让我们忘掉分歧，一起工作吧!
16)他把一半财产投资在一桩生意里。
17)达成的协议决不可以撕毁。
18)这个他可没料到。
XIV．
1)The General
Assembly of the United nations is now in session.
2)The resolution was adopted by 74 to 31
with 8 abstentions．
3)We can go there by
train in the event the weather is not fit for
flying．
4)You could leave the building by
the fire，escape in the unlikely event of fire．
5)Many people are skeptical about the talks
producing any positive results．
6)The
listeners were skeptical about the truth of the
story。
7)We hope the new medicine will
effect a cure．
8) The old head of the
factory is always the workers in the workshops
except to be found
among the workers in the
workshops except when he has meetings.
9)His
account of the event is correct except that some
details have been omitted.
10)Leaders at
various levels without exception should not abuse
the power in their hands.
ll)The old lady
regarded the unexpected visitor with suspicion.
12)The students have a high regard
for their teacher's opinion.
13)The speaker
referred us to Chomsky's grammar book.
14)The book makes several references to the
American War of Independence.
15)The lease
is overdue. You've got to renew it.
XV.
1)3, 2, 1, 4
2)4, 6, 2, 5, 1, 3
3)10, 8, 3, 2, 7, 9, 1, 4, 11, 6, 5
ⅩⅥ.
Omitted.
XVII.
A
Summary of Scene Three
The President
declares that all the members begin debating
Virginia's resolution of
independence.
Dickinson is against independence because Britain,
he says, is the greatest empire
on earth and
Americans can enjoy its protection and share its
benefits. Though things are not
perfect with
the British Empire, Americans should take some
gentle measures to solve the problem
instead
of resorting to violence, rebellion, and treason,
ac-cording to him. Then arguing with
Franklin,
he says it is accept-able for an American to be
called an Englishman. At this, Franklin
retorts by saying an American is not given
full rights of an Englishman and therefore
Americans
require a new nation. Dickinson says
American people don't think so, and over this John
launches
a debate with him. Then the focus
goes to Rut-ledge from South Carolina. He is
worried that his
native state may fall into
the hands of the people from other states. Other
members against
independence join the debate
and say it is not right time to be independent.
Besides, they are
worried that American troops
are too weak to defeat British forces. At this,
John points out that it
is no problem if the
troops are brave and courageous enough. The debate
is so heated that two
parties get involved in
a fight. Rodney tries to intervene, only to suffer
a stroke and be sent home.