济南幼儿师范学院-三年级环保手抄报

应急演习和训练须知
Emergency Drill and Training Instruction

1. 总则 General Rules
1.1. 使船员了解应变时的编组，熟悉应执行的任务。
The crew should be familiar with the marshalling group and execute the missions.
1.2. 使船员熟练掌握船上各种应变设备的操作技能。
The crew should on the top of the operations of various emergency equipment on board.
1.3. 使船员在思想上有充分准备，做到临危不惧，增强勇气，增加获救信心。
The crew should have full prepared, accomplish a crisis, enhance the courage, increase rescued
confidence.
1.4. 促进船上各种应变设备、器材的检查保养。
Promote the ship various emergency equipment examination maintenance.
2. 应变部署表编制要求 Emergency Deployment Table Formation Requirements
2.1. 三副应根据大副指示编制船舶《应变部署表》，经大副核查、船长批准后，由三副复
制交船长署名后公布执行。如有船员变动，应在开航前予以更改。
The third officer should edit the vessel Emergency Arrangement Form according to the
instructions of the chief officer, which should inspect by the chief officer and approve by the
captain, then the third officer copies it for captain and announce to execute. The changes of crew
should be modified before sailing.
2.2. 《应变部署表》的编制原则
Editing principle of Emergency Arrangement Form
2.2.1. 关键部位、关键动作派得力人员；
Key parts, key actions should be executed by capable personnel.
2.2.2. 根据本船情况，可以一职多人或一人多职；
It could variety personnel for one job or variety jobs for one personnel, which should according to
this own vessel.
2.2.3. 人员编排应最有利于应变任务的完成。
Staff arrangement should be the most beneficial to the emergency mission.
2.3. 《应变部署表》的主要内容
The main content of Emergency Arrangement Form.
2.3.1. 船舶及船公司名称，船长署名及公布日期。
Vessels and name of vessel’s company, captain’s signature and announcement dates.
2.3.2. 紧急报警信号的应变种类及信号特征，信号发送方式和持续时间，解除信号的发送
方式和持续时间。
Emergency alarm signal of emergency and typecharacteristic, signal transmission and duration
period, remove signal delivery methods and duration period.
2.3.3. 职务与编号、姓名、艇号、筏号的对照一览表。
The controlling list of position and numbersnameferrying and raft number.
2.3.4. 航行中驾驶台、机舱、电台固定人员及其任务。
The voyage bridge, the engine cabin, radio fixed staff and their task.
2.3.5. 消防应变、弃船救生、放救生艇筏的详细分工内容和执行人编号。
Fire emergency, abandon ship lifesaving and put lifeboats raft detailed division content and
executor numbers.
2.3.6. 每项应变具体指挥人的接替人。船长的接替人为大副。
Each emergency commander should have a successor. The captain’s successor is the chief officer.
2.3.7. 有关救生、消防设备的位置。（详见防火控制图）
The location of rescue and fire fighting equipment according to fire control chart.
2.4. 三副应根据船长批准的应变部署表制作船员《应变任务卡》。
The third chief should make the Emergency Mission Card of crew which according to the
approving by the captain.
2.5. 《应变部署表》应张贴于驾驶台、机舱、餐厅、主要走廊和其他的人员集 合场所；船
员应变任务卡应置于船员床头。

The Emergency Arrangement Form should be posted up in the bridgeengine cabindining
hallmain corridor and other personnel collection place; crews should put the Emergency Mission
Card at the bedside.
3. 应变演习总则 Contingency Drill General Rules
3.1. 应变演习在船长的指挥下按应变部署表进行,全体船员必须严肃对待演习，听到有关警
报信号后，应按部署表规定的职责，携带器材迅速赶到现场和各自岗位，服从命令，
听从指挥，认真投 入模拟施救，衣着必须符合要求，不得穿拖鞋和背心。
Contingency drills should in the command of captain under the strain deployment table, the crew
must seriously exercise, hear about warning signals, should press deployment table of
responsibilities prescribed by carrying equipment rushed to the scene, and their respective
positions, obey orders, and obey the command, and get into analog rescue, clothes must meet the
requirements shall not wear slippers and vest.
3.2. 全体船员要熟知应变任务卡中各自任务。演习中要以实战状态认真对待。
All the crew should familiar the missions on the mission card. They should take the drilling
seriously.
3.3. 各种演习的信号与正式应变的警报信号相同，但演习时如离他船和岸边较近，或在港
内举行，可免用气笛报警，以免引起误会。
A variety of the drill signals are same as the formal emergency signals, but if the vessel was close
to other vessels and shore or in the harbour, she would avoid using characteristically alarm, lest
cause misunderstanding.
3.4. 在沿海港口进行演习，必须事先征得当地港口主管机关的同意。
If drill in the coastal port, the vessel should obtain prior approval from local port authorities agree
3.5. 演习完毕后，应由指挥人员进行总结讲评，并将演习情况按规定详细记入《航海日志》。船长应按《船舶SMS季报制度》的规定将演习情况向指定人员汇报。
After the drill, the commander should summarize and critique, and record the detailed situation in
the log book. The captain should report the drill situation to designated personnel according to the
Vessel SMS Quarterly System.
3.6. 各 部门每月安全活动日应将当月演习情况作为议题之一，认真总结，不断提高演习水
平，并记入“安全活动 日记录簿”。
Each department should make the drill situation an agenda, summing up seriously, continuously
improve the exercise leve
l,
and credited to
3.7. 救生、消防演习每月进 行一次，若在一港调换船员数达25%以上时，应在离港后24
小时内进行一次；应急操舵演习每三个月 进行一次，在台风季节到来之前的一个月必
须进行一次；防海盗演习由船长根据航行区域，可结合其它演 习进行；防油污演习按
各船舶《船上油污应急计划》中的规定进行；其他各类可能出现的紧急情况，每年 至
少演习一次。
L
ifesaving and fire drill should arrange for every month, if the crew signed off more than 25%
swap crew, the vessel should be in 24 hours after leaving port for one time; emergency steering
drills once every three months, must take one time a month during typhoon season; prevent pirates
exercise by the captain according to sailing area, can be combined with other maneuvers;
defending oil pollution drill should conduct according to Shipboardthe Oil Pollution Emergency
Plan.
3.8. 为使全体船员熟悉应变工 作的各项要求，每二个月应由三副将本船应变部署的组织分
工，各种应变器材向全体船员作全面介绍，并 着重讲解救生、消防知识、救生衣穿着
法、消防器材的分布位置和各自性能、使用方法和注意事项。
In order to make the crew familiar with the requirements of the emergency work, every two
months should be organized by the third officer this vessel drill, various response equipment
division to the crew be introduced comprehensively, and emphatically explain lifesaving and fire
control knowledge, life jackets wearing method, fire equipment of distribution and their
performance, use method and the matters needing attention.
3.9. 演习结束后，使用过的设备应立即恢复到完好的工作状态；演习中发现的故障和缺陷
应尽快修复和消除。
After drill, used equipment shall immediately return to good working condition; the faults and
defects during the drill should repair and elimination as soon as possible.

4. 救生、弃船演习的要求 Lifesaving and abandon vessel drill requirements
4.1. 救生、弃船可分开演习，也可以一次合并演习。
Lifesaving and abandon vessel drill can separate, also can merger drill.
4.2. 每次救生、弃船演习除应着重放艇，达到准确、迅速、熟练外，还应包括：
Each lifesaving and abandon ship drill except should be emphatically put boat, achieve an
accurate, rapid, skilled outside, also should include
4.2.1. 使用应急报警系统，召集船员至集合地点，并确使他们了解应变部署表中所规定的
弃船信号；
Use emergency alarm system, called the crew to gather location, and make sure that they
understand drill deployment table as stipulated in the abandon vessel signals;
4.2.2. 向集合地点报到，并准备执行应变部署所述任务；
Register to gather location, and ready to perform the report stated mission.
4.2.3. 查看船员穿着是否合适；
Check the crew wearing whether appropriate;
4.2.4. 查看是否正确地穿好救生衣；
Check the crew wearing the life jackets whether correct;
4.2.5. 在完成一切必要的降落准备工作 后，至少降一艘救生艇至水面（浪大可降至舷外）。
每艘救生艇都应随时处于可用状态，两名船员在五分 钟内应做好登艇与放艇准备工
作。
After completing all the necessary preparations after landing, at least drop a lifeboat to the surface
(waves can drop to outboard). Each lifeboat shall be available at any time in the state, two crew in
five minutes completes boarding boat should put boat with preparations.
4.2.6. 只要环境温度在起动发动机所规定的温度以上 ，应起动并运转救生艇发动机，正车
及倒车运转总时间不少于3分钟，换向2次以上。
As long as the environmental temperature in starting engines have specified temperature above,
should start and functioning lifeboat engine, the running engine and reversing total time should
not less than 3 minutes, reversing 2 times above.
4.2.7. 听到警报信号后应在2分钟内各就岗位，自船长下达放艇命令后应急救生 艇应在5
分钟内降落水面，其他艇、筏应不超过10分钟。
After heard the alarm signal in two minutes the crew should be in the post, since the captain
ordered to put lifeboats, the emergency boat shall be within 5 minutes landing surface, the other
boat, raft shall not exceed 10 minutes.
4.2.8. 弃船演习中，在三个月 内每艘救生艇均应至少一次在演习中是乘载指定操作员降落
下水并在水上进行操纵。抛投式救生艇每月试 抛投（艇松动为准）一次，每6个月
至少一次降落下水。
During an abandon ship drill, in three months each lifeboat shall be loaded and operated by
designated operators to launch and maneuver in the water. Jettisoning type lifeboats monthly try
jettison (boats loose accurate) once, at least once 6 months launching.
5. 消防演习要求 Fire drill requirements
5.1. 消防演习的部署和要求与正式应变相同 ，应假设“火场”、“灾区”，进行模拟抢救；假
想的火灾性质及发生部位应经常改变，以使船员熟悉各 种情况、应变部署及各种器材
的使用，做到动作快、效果好。
Fire drill deployment and requirements and formal strain are same, should assume

constantly changing, so that the crew could know well situations, drill deployment and various
equipment use, such could help the crew to do the fire-fighting fast, the effect is good.
5.2. 听到警报信号后，所有船员应在2分钟内携带规定的消防器材，到达各自岗位，听候
命令。
After heard the alarm signal, all crews should carry prescriptive stipulated fire apparatus, reach
their respective positions at command.
5.3. 警报发出后5分钟应使消防泵出水，在最高位置的消防栓上应能维持两股射程各不少
于12米的水柱，以验明该系统处于正常的工作状况。
The fire pump should effluent in 5 minutes after alerts signals, at the highest position of fire
hydrants should be able to maintain two strands of not less than 12 meters each range with water

column, identify the system is in normal working condition.
5.4. 固定值班人员应按船长命令行动，确保与外界通讯畅通，并使失火部位处于下风。
Regular watch keepers should press the captain ordered action to ensure unblocked
communication with the outside world, and to make fire site leeward.
6. 堵漏演习的要求 Leaking stoppage requirements
6.1. 堵漏演习的部署和要求与 正式应变相同，听到警报信号后应于2分钟内到达各自岗位，
听候指挥；总指挥可假设各种漏情、提出要 求，现场指挥应提出施救方案，并对抢救
人员进行口头考核。
Leading stoppage drill deployment and requirements and formal strain are same, the crew should
arrived each post in 2 minutes and waited for order; commander can assume all sorts of leakage
affection, request, on-site command should propose the rescue scheme and rescue workers to
make an oral examination.
7. 应急操舵演习：参加人员：船长驾驶员、水手长、水手、轮机长、轮机员、电工、机工。
Emergency steering drills: participants: captain, sailing driver, the bosun, mariners, chief engineer,
engineers, electrician, mechanic.
8. 防油污演习时，船员着重熟悉《船上油污应急计划》《船舶溢油应变部署表 》，按《溢油
应变部署表》站好岗位，听从指挥，完成任务。
Defending oil pollution drill on board crew familiar smeary emergency plan
deployment table
command, and finish the task.
9. 其他可能出现的紧急情况由船长根据船型、货物、航线等特点，按假设的内容进行演习。
Other possible emergency, the captain should according to the vessel, cargo, etc, according to the
hypothesis routes the content of the drill.

10. 记录 Record
10.1. 《航海日志》
Deck Logbook
10.2. 《安全活动日记录簿》
Safety Action Record Book
11. 相关文件 Relevant Documents
11.1. 船岸应急反应、训练、演习程序
Procedure for Emergency Response Training and maneuver ashoreonboard
11.2.《训练手册》
Training Manual
11.3..《避碰规则》《中华人民共和国交通部沿海港口信号规定》《船舶遇险与紧急通信处
置细则》
Collision Avoidance RulesThe Vessel in Danger and Emergency Communication Disposal
Condition and The People’s Republic of China Coastal Ports Signal Regulations