工商管理专业英语词汇
外专局-审计报告模板
Unit 1 The Evolution of Management as a
Field of Study
evolution n. the process
of developing发展
generalize v. to infer from
many particulars概括
autobiography n. the
biography of a person written by that person 自传
memoir n. an account of the person
experiences of an author 回忆录，自传
extremely ad.
Being in or attaining the greatest or highest
degree 极度地
anthropologist n. someone who
studies anthropology 人类学家
perspective n. the
way in which a situation or problem in judged so
that proper consideration
is given to each
part 合理观察，视角
turnover n. the number of
workers hired by an establishment to replace those
who have left
in a given period of time 人员更替数
approach n. the method used in dealing with
or accomplishing 方法
contingency n. a
possibility that must be prepared for可能事件，可能出现的情况
dynamic a. characterized by continuous
change 不断变化的
confrontation n. discord or a
clash of opinions and ideas 观点或思想的不断冲撞
incur
v. to acquire or come into 获得
compromise v.
something that combines qualities or elements of
different things折中
interdependent a.
mutually dependent 互相依存的
characteristic n. a
feature that helps to identify 特性
popularity
n. the quality or state of being popular 普及
sole a. of or relating to only one
individual or group 单独的
reliance n. the act
of relying or the state of being reliant 依赖，依靠
sufficient a. being as much as is needed 充足的
alliance n. the act of becoming allied or
the condition of being allied 结盟
demographic
n. of or relating to demography 人口统计
complement v. to serve as a complement to 补足
Unit 2 The Scope of Management
entail
v. to have, impose, or require as a necessary
accompaniment or consequence 伴随
conform v.
to act or be in accord or agreement 使和谐一致
envision v. to picture in the mind 想象
affordable a. that can be afforded 买得起的
strive v. to exert much effort or energy 努力
mission n. special assignment given to a
person or group 任务
informercial n. a
commercial television program or relatively long
commercial segment
offering consumer
information 商业信息片
franchise n. authorization
granted to someone to sell or distribute a
company’s goods or
services in a certain area
特许经营权
tactical a. of, relating to, or using
tactics 战术的
departmental a. 部门的
peer n.
a person who has equal standing with another or
others 同等的人，与他人在爵位、
阶级或年龄上相当的人
interpersonal a. relating to, occurring
among, or involving several people 人与人之间的
foster v. to promote the growth and
development of 促进
pervasive a. having the
quality or tendency to pervade or permeate 渗透性的
stakeholder n. one who has a share or
an interest 股东
flourish v. to be in a period
of highest productivity 活跃
automotive a.
moving by itself 自动的
nonroutine n. 非常规程序
analogue n. something that bears an analogy
to something else 类似情况
Unit 3 What are
Orgnizations ?
beast n. something a
thing 事物
organization n. a group of people
with special purpose, such as a club or business
团体，组
织，机构，社团
invention n. something
invented 发明物
contrivance n. device or tool,
esp. one made by an individual for a particular
puipose 发明物；
器械
patronage n. all the
patrons of a shop, hotel, etc, as a group 为了赞助而产生的
impact n. the force of an idea, invention,
system, etc. 影响力
perspective n. the way in
which a matter is judged, so that consideration
and importance is
five to each part 判断事物的方法
association n. the act of joining or the
state of being joined with somebody or something
联
合；结合；结交
very a. (used for giving force
to an expression)(用于强调)正是；完全；实在
whim n. a
sudden idea or wish, often not reasonable
突起的（怪）念头；一时的兴致
fancy n. an image, opinion,
or idea imagined and not based on fact
无事实根据的幻觉，意
见或看法
achieve v. to finish
successfully 完成；实现
soul n. a person 人；灵魂
guidelines n. the main points about
something which is to be dealt with 指导方针；行动纲
领
bridge v. to build a brige across 架桥
gap
n. an amount of distance pr difference 差异；差距；歧异
by virtue of in virtue of 依靠；由于
survival n. something which has continued to
exist from an earlier time 生存
behavior n.
way of behaving 行为；举动
subset n. a set
contained within a set 子集
maintenance n. the
act of maintaining 维持；维护；保养；赡养
turnover n.
the number of workers that are hired by a firm to
fill the places of workers who
have left in a
particular period 人员更新
efficiency n. the
state or quality of being efficient 功效；效率；效能
intellectual a. concerning the intellect 智力的
limitation n. the fact or conditions of
limiting or being limited 限制事实或状态
chart n.
information written or draw in the form of a
picture graph, etc. , usu. With the
intention
of making it understood 图表
predict v. to see
or describe in advance as a result of knowledge,
experience, reason, etc. 预
言；预测
Unit 4
Developing Qpality and Competitive Advantage
innovative a. marked by or given to
innovations 革新的，创新的
optimize v. to
make as perfect or effective as possible
使最优化，使尽可能底完善或有效
medieval a. relating or
belonging to the Middle Ages 中世纪的
tenant n.
one that pays rent to use or occupy land, a
building, or other property owned by
another
佃户
usher v. to precede and introduce
宣告，展示介绍；开始，开创
exotic a. intriguingly unusual
or different 异乎寻常的；奇异的
strenuous a.
requiring great effort, energy, or exertion
艰巨的，需要巨大努力、能量或投入
的
hazardous a. marked by
danger 带有危险性的；危险的
artificial intelligence
the ability of machine to perform those activities
that are normally
thought to require
intelligence 人工智能
navigational n. an
original type, from, or instance that serves as a
model on which later
stages are based or
judged 原型
chassis n. the rectangular steel
frame, supported on springs and attached to the
axles, that
holds the body and motor of an
automotive vehicle 底盘
carousel n. a circular
conveyor on which objects are displayed or rotated
旋转式传送带
outmaneuver v. to overcome by artful,
clever maneuvering 智胜，在机智、谋略上胜过
CEO Chief
Executive Officer 执行总裁
Unit 5 Competitive
Industry Environment Analysis
long-term
a. involving, maturing after, or being in effect
for a long time 长期的
aggregation n. a group
or formed by this 集合体
carbonated a.
containing carbon dioxide 充了碳酸气的
root beer n.
以黄樟油、冬青油为香料的无醇饮料
ale n. any of various type
of beer, esp. one that is pale in color 麦酒
caffeine n. a bitter white
alkaloid,C8H10N4O2 咖啡因
alignment n. the act
of aligning or the condition of being aligned 结盟
meaningless a. having no meaning or
significance 无意义的，无价值的
withdrawal n. retreat
of military force in the face of enemy or after a
defeat 撤退
vertical integration 垂直统一管理
interactive a. acting or capable of acting
on each other 互相作用的
deli n. a delicatessen
熟食店
buffet n. a meal at which guests serve
themselves from various dishes displayed in a
table or
sideboard 自助餐
nutrition n. the
process of nourishing or being nourished 营养
slacken v. to make or become less vigorous
缓和
pharmaceutical a. of or relating to
pharmacy or pharmacists 制药的
neuroscience n.
any of the sciences, such as neuroanatomy and
neurobiology, that deal with
the nervous
system 神经科学
inflammatory a. characterized or
caused by inflammation 发炎的
niche n. a
special are of demand for a product or service
产品或服务所需的特殊领域
preemptive a. undertaken or
initiated to deter or prevent an anticipated,
usually unpleasant
situation or occurrence
先发制人的
entrant n. one that enters, especially
one that enters a competition 参加竞赛者
cellular
phone n. 便携式电话
dramatically ad.
catching and holding the imagination by unusual
appearance or effects 戏
剧地，引人注目地
replenishment n. something added to complete
a thing, make up for a deficiency 补给，补充
backward integration 后向合并
alleviate v.
to make more bearable 减轻
oleomargarine n.
margarine 人造黄油，人造奶油
tinplate n. very thin
sheets of iron or steel covered with tin 镀锡铁皮；马口铁
maturity n. the state or quality of being
fully frown or developed 成熟
shakeout n. 经济衰退
cereal n. a grass such as wheat, oats, or
corn, the starchy grains of which are used as food
谷
物
razor n. a sharp-edged cutting
instrument used especially for shaving the face or
removing
other body hair 剃刀
Unit 6
Materials and Process ~ Management of a Company
inventory n. the quantity of goods and
materials on hand 库存
submit v. to commit to
the consideration or judgment of another 使……听从
bidder n. one who attempts to win a contract
by bidding 投标人
obsolete a. outmoded in
design, style, or construction 过时的
establish
v. to set up 建立
resource n. the total means
available to a company for increasing production
or profit,
including plant, labor, and raw
material 储备力量
stockpile v. a supply stored
for future use, usually carefully accrued and
maintained 储存
calculate v. to make an
estimate of 计算
interchange v. to give and
receive mutually 交换
telecommunication n. the
electronic systems used in transmitting messages,
as by telegragh,
cable, telephone, radio, or
television 电讯
executive n. a person or group
having administrative or managerial authority in
an
organization 经营管理人
simulation n.
representation of the operation or features of one
process or system through
the use of another
模拟
principle n. a fixed or predetermined
policy or mode of action 准则
eliminate v. ti
get rid of 消除
multifunction a. 多功能的
flexible a. responsive to a delay 可变通的；灵活的
holdup n. an interruption or a delay 停顿
incentive n. something, such as the fear of
punishment or the expectation of reward, that
induces action or motivates effort 诱因；动机
coordinate v. to harmonize in a common
action or effort 调整
Unit 7 Operating Statement
of a Company
wholesale a. of, relating to,
or engaged in the sale of goods in large
quantities for resale 批发
clarity n.
clearness of thought or style 清晰
readability
n. interesting or easy to read 易读，可读性
concise
a. expressing much in few words 简明的，简洁的
inventory n. the quantity of goods and
materials on hand 库存
gross sales
销售总额
net sales 扣除销货折扣和退货后净额
margin n.
the minimum return that an enterprise may earn
still pay for itself 最低利润
gross profit
毛利，总利润，利润毛额
sales salaries 销售人员的工资
advertising expense 广告费用
office
salaries 办公室或一般文秘人员工资
miscellaneous a.
made up of a variety of parts or ingredients 混杂的
seemingly ad. apparently; ostensibly 表面上地
skeleton n. a supporting structure or
framework 构架
invoice n. a detailed list of
goods shipped or services rendered, with an
account of all costs
发货清单
refund n. a
repayment of funds 退款
cancellations n. the
act or an instance of canceling 取消
Unit 8
Human Resource Management: An Overview
utilization n. making use of 利用；使用
mesh
v. to connect 结合；相合
representative n. a
person acting in place of one or more other 代表；代理
capital n. money used for starting a
business 资金
primary a. chief; main 主要的
supervisor n. one who is in charge of a
particular department or unit, as in a
governmental
agency or school system 监督；管理人员
cosmetic n. a preparation such as face-
cream, body-powder, etc. , intended to make the
skin
or hair more beautiful 化妆品
substantive a. expressing existence 表示存在的
insight n. the power of using one’s mind
to understand something deeply, without help
from outside information 洞察力；见识
catalyst
n. a substance which, without itself changing,
causes chemical activity to quicken 催
化剂
energizer n. something or somebody that
gives energy to 使活跃的人或物
quit v. infml to
stop and leave 停止；辞职
recruitment n. 招聘，招工
mission n. a group of people, esp. people
acting for their country, who are sent abroad for
special reason 使团，代表团；任务，使命
plague v. to
cause continual discomfort, suffering, or trouble
to, to make rather angry 折磨，
烦恼；使得灾祸
compensation n. 赔偿金，赔偿费，赔偿物
self-esteem
n. one’s good or too good opinion of one’s own
worth 自尊心；自大，自负
Unit 1 The Evolution of
Management as a Field of Study
evolution
n. the process of developing发展
generalize v.
to infer from many particulars概括
autobiography
n. the biography of a person written by that
person 自传
memoir n. an account of the person
experiences of an author 回忆录，自传
extremely ad.
Being in or attaining the greatest or highest
degree 极度地
anthropologist n. someone who
studies anthropology 人类学家
perspective n. the
way in which a situation or problem in judged so
that proper consideration
is given to each
part 合理观察，视角
turnover n. the number of
workers hired by an establishment to replace those
who have left
in a given period of time 人员更替数
approach n. the method used in dealing with
or accomplishing 方法
contingency n. a
possibility that must be prepared for可能事件，可能出现的情况
dynamic a. characterized by continuous
change 不断变化的
confrontation n. discord or a
clash of opinions and ideas 观点或思想的不断冲撞
incur
v. to acquire or come into 获得
compromise v.
something that combines qualities or elements of
different things折中
interdependent a.
mutually dependent 互相依存的
characteristic n. a
feature that helps to identify 特性
popularity
n. the quality or state of being popular 普及
sole a. of or relating to only one
individual or group 单独的
reliance n. the act
of relying or the state of being reliant 依赖，依靠
sufficient a. being as much as is needed 充足的
alliance n. the act of becoming allied or
the condition of being allied 结盟
demographic
n. of or relating to demography 人口统计
complement v. to serve as a complement to 补足
Unit 2 The Scope of Management
entail
v. to have, impose, or require as a necessary
accompaniment or consequence 伴随
conform v.
to act or be in accord or agreement 使和谐一致
envision v. to picture in the mind 想象
affordable a. that can be afforded 买得起的
strive v. to exert much effort or energy 努力
mission n. special assignment given to a
person or group 任务
informercial n. a
commercial television program or relatively long
commercial segment
offering consumer
information 商业信息片
franchise n. authorization
granted to someone to sell or distribute a
company’s goods or
services in a certain area
特许经营权
tactical a. of, relating to, or using
tactics 战术的
departmental a. 部门的
peer n.
a person who has equal standing with another or
others 同等的人，与他人在爵位、
阶级或年龄上相当的人
interpersonal a. relating to, occurring
among, or involving several people 人与人之间的
foster v. to promote the growth and
development of 促进
pervasive a. having the
quality or tendency to pervade or permeate 渗透性的
stakeholder n. one who has a share or
an interest 股东
flourish v. to be in a period
of highest productivity 活跃
automotive a.
moving by itself 自动的
nonroutine n. 非常规程序
analogue n. something that bears an analogy
to something else 类似情况
Unit 3 What are
Orgnizations ?
beast n. something a
thing 事物
organization n. a group of people
with special purpose, such as a club or business
团体，组
织，机构，社团
invention n. something
invented 发明物
contrivance n. device or tool,
esp. one made by an individual for a particular
puipose 发明物；
器械
patronage n. all the
patrons of a shop, hotel, etc, as a group 为了赞助而产生的
impact n. the force of an idea, invention,
system, etc. 影响力
perspective n. the way in
which a matter is judged, so that consideration
and importance is
five to each part 判断事物的方法
association n. the act of joining or the
state of being joined with somebody or something
联
合；结合；结交
very a. (used for giving force
to an expression)(用于强调)正是；完全；实在
whim n. a
sudden idea or wish, often not reasonable
突起的（怪）念头；一时的兴致
fancy n. an image, opinion,
or idea imagined and not based on fact
无事实根据的幻觉，意
见或看法
achieve v. to finish
successfully 完成；实现
soul n. a person 人；灵魂
guidelines n. the main points about
something which is to be dealt with 指导方针；行动纲
领
bridge v. to build a brige across 架桥
gap
n. an amount of distance pr difference 差异；差距；歧异
by virtue of in virtue of 依靠；由于
survival n. something which has continued to
exist from an earlier time 生存
behavior n.
way of behaving 行为；举动
subset n. a set
contained within a set 子集
maintenance n. the
act of maintaining 维持；维护；保养；赡养
turnover n.
the number of workers that are hired by a firm to
fill the places of workers who
have left in a
particular period 人员更新
efficiency n. the
state or quality of being efficient 功效；效率；效能
intellectual a. concerning the intellect 智力的
limitation n. the fact or conditions of
limiting or being limited 限制事实或状态
chart n.
information written or draw in the form of a
picture graph, etc. , usu. With the
intention
of making it understood 图表
predict v. to see
or describe in advance as a result of knowledge,
experience, reason, etc. 预
言；预测
Unit 4
Developing Qpality and Competitive Advantage
innovative a. marked by or given to
innovations 革新的，创新的
optimize v. to
make as perfect or effective as possible
使最优化，使尽可能底完善或有效
medieval a. relating or
belonging to the Middle Ages 中世纪的
tenant n.
one that pays rent to use or occupy land, a
building, or other property owned by
another
佃户
usher v. to precede and introduce
宣告，展示介绍；开始，开创
exotic a. intriguingly unusual
or different 异乎寻常的；奇异的
strenuous a.
requiring great effort, energy, or exertion
艰巨的，需要巨大努力、能量或投入
的
hazardous a. marked by
danger 带有危险性的；危险的
artificial intelligence
the ability of machine to perform those activities
that are normally
thought to require
intelligence 人工智能
navigational n. an
original type, from, or instance that serves as a
model on which later
stages are based or
judged 原型
chassis n. the rectangular steel
frame, supported on springs and attached to the
axles, that
holds the body and motor of an
automotive vehicle 底盘
carousel n. a circular
conveyor on which objects are displayed or rotated
旋转式传送带
outmaneuver v. to overcome by artful,
clever maneuvering 智胜，在机智、谋略上胜过
CEO Chief
Executive Officer 执行总裁
Unit 5 Competitive
Industry Environment Analysis
long-term
a. involving, maturing after, or being in effect
for a long time 长期的
aggregation n. a group
or formed by this 集合体
carbonated a.
containing carbon dioxide 充了碳酸气的
root beer n.
以黄樟油、冬青油为香料的无醇饮料
ale n. any of various type
of beer, esp. one that is pale in color 麦酒
caffeine n. a bitter white
alkaloid,C8H10N4O2 咖啡因
alignment n. the act
of aligning or the condition of being aligned 结盟
meaningless a. having no meaning or
significance 无意义的，无价值的
withdrawal n. retreat
of military force in the face of enemy or after a
defeat 撤退
vertical integration 垂直统一管理
interactive a. acting or capable of acting
on each other 互相作用的
deli n. a delicatessen
熟食店
buffet n. a meal at which guests serve
themselves from various dishes displayed in a
table or
sideboard 自助餐
nutrition n. the
process of nourishing or being nourished 营养
slacken v. to make or become less vigorous
缓和
pharmaceutical a. of or relating to
pharmacy or pharmacists 制药的
neuroscience n.
any of the sciences, such as neuroanatomy and
neurobiology, that deal with
the nervous
system 神经科学
inflammatory a. characterized or
caused by inflammation 发炎的
niche n. a
special are of demand for a product or service
产品或服务所需的特殊领域
preemptive a. undertaken or
initiated to deter or prevent an anticipated,
usually unpleasant
situation or occurrence
先发制人的
entrant n. one that enters, especially
one that enters a competition 参加竞赛者
cellular
phone n. 便携式电话
dramatically ad.
catching and holding the imagination by unusual
appearance or effects 戏
剧地，引人注目地
replenishment n. something added to complete
a thing, make up for a deficiency 补给，补充
backward integration 后向合并
alleviate v.
to make more bearable 减轻
oleomargarine n.
margarine 人造黄油，人造奶油
tinplate n. very thin
sheets of iron or steel covered with tin 镀锡铁皮；马口铁
maturity n. the state or quality of being
fully frown or developed 成熟
shakeout n. 经济衰退
cereal n. a grass such as wheat, oats, or
corn, the starchy grains of which are used as food
谷
物
razor n. a sharp-edged cutting
instrument used especially for shaving the face or
removing
other body hair 剃刀
Unit 6
Materials and Process ~ Management of a Company
inventory n. the quantity of goods and
materials on hand 库存
submit v. to commit to
the consideration or judgment of another 使……听从
bidder n. one who attempts to win a contract
by bidding 投标人
obsolete a. outmoded in
design, style, or construction 过时的
establish
v. to set up 建立
resource n. the total means
available to a company for increasing production
or profit,
including plant, labor, and raw
material 储备力量
stockpile v. a supply stored
for future use, usually carefully accrued and
maintained 储存
calculate v. to make an
estimate of 计算
interchange v. to give and
receive mutually 交换
telecommunication n. the
electronic systems used in transmitting messages,
as by telegragh,
cable, telephone, radio, or
television 电讯
executive n. a person or group
having administrative or managerial authority in
an
organization 经营管理人
simulation n.
representation of the operation or features of one
process or system through
the use of another
模拟
principle n. a fixed or predetermined
policy or mode of action 准则
eliminate v. ti
get rid of 消除
multifunction a. 多功能的
flexible a. responsive to a delay 可变通的；灵活的
holdup n. an interruption or a delay 停顿
incentive n. something, such as the fear of
punishment or the expectation of reward, that
induces action or motivates effort 诱因；动机
coordinate v. to harmonize in a common
action or effort 调整
Unit 7 Operating Statement
of a Company
wholesale a. of, relating to,
or engaged in the sale of goods in large
quantities for resale 批发
clarity n.
clearness of thought or style 清晰
readability
n. interesting or easy to read 易读，可读性
concise
a. expressing much in few words 简明的，简洁的
inventory n. the quantity of goods and
materials on hand 库存
gross sales
销售总额
net sales 扣除销货折扣和退货后净额
margin n.
the minimum return that an enterprise may earn
still pay for itself 最低利润
gross profit
毛利，总利润，利润毛额
sales salaries 销售人员的工资
advertising expense 广告费用
office
salaries 办公室或一般文秘人员工资
miscellaneous a.
made up of a variety of parts or ingredients 混杂的
seemingly ad. apparently; ostensibly 表面上地
skeleton n. a supporting structure or
framework 构架
invoice n. a detailed list of
goods shipped or services rendered, with an
account of all costs
发货清单
refund n. a
repayment of funds 退款
cancellations n. the
act or an instance of canceling 取消
Unit 8
Human Resource Management: An Overview
utilization n. making use of 利用；使用
mesh
v. to connect 结合；相合
representative n. a
person acting in place of one or more other 代表；代理
capital n. money used for starting a
business 资金
primary a. chief; main 主要的
supervisor n. one who is in charge of a
particular department or unit, as in a
governmental
agency or school system 监督；管理人员
cosmetic n. a preparation such as face-
cream, body-powder, etc. , intended to make the
skin
or hair more beautiful 化妆品
substantive a. expressing existence 表示存在的
insight n. the power of using one’s mind
to understand something deeply, without help
from outside information 洞察力；见识
catalyst
n. a substance which, without itself changing,
causes chemical activity to quicken 催
化剂
energizer n. something or somebody that
gives energy to 使活跃的人或物
quit v. infml to
stop and leave 停止；辞职
recruitment n. 招聘，招工
mission n. a group of people, esp. people
acting for their country, who are sent abroad for
special reason 使团，代表团；任务，使命
plague v. to
cause continual discomfort, suffering, or trouble
to, to make rather angry 折磨，
烦恼；使得灾祸
compensation n. 赔偿金，赔偿费，赔偿物
self-esteem
n. one’s good or too good opinion of one’s own
worth 自尊心；自大，自负