健康心理手抄报-诗朗诵我的祖国

一、英语议论文写作要点
议论文通过议论或说理来表达作者见解和主张.作者对某一
问题持有一种看法,为了使读者同意自己的看法,提出若干理
由,企图说服他人.高中英语议论 文的写作要注意以下要点:
1. 论点要鲜明、确切．一篇议论文只能有一个中心论点．论
点一般在开头提出，然后加以论证．
2. 论据要充分、可靠．一般是以事实为论据，也可以利用成
语，格言，名人名言作为论据．
3. 论证要严密、得法．归纳法（induction）和演绎法
（deduction）是 议论文常用的论证方法．归纳法的例子为基
础，从几个例子和现象中，归纳出某种道理和看法．例如：< br>报纸是一种媒体（medium ），人们可以从中得到现代信息；
电视是一种媒体，人们也可以 从中获得信息；广播也是媒体，
人们同样可以从中获得现代信息．因此我们可以得出结论，
其他 媒体，如网络等，一定会给人们信息．演绎法以一个或
多个看法为基础，从一般论断，演绎到不同事例， 再加以论
述，最后再回到一般论断上来．例如：所有的媒体都可以给
人们提供信息，网络是媒体 ，因此人们可以从网络中获得信
息．在归纳中要注意使用的例子要充分，不能以点概面．
二、 议论文的写作步骤:
1. 引言(introduction)．由于英语作文受时 间，字数的限
制．因此，在引言段中作者就必须简单解释要讨论的问题，

并明白 地亮出自己的观点，如提倡什么，支援什么，反对什
么．
2. 主体段（main body）．主体段是议论的过程，作者必须
有足够的证据．（adequate proofs）来论证自己的观点．一
般可提出一个或两个proofs, 并对此用一两句话分别进行
阐述．
3. 结论（conclusion）． 结论段可以用一两句话来结束文
章．同时要注意与引言段呼应，但不能照搬前面的原话．
例：课本高二上P78 第一封信
Tutorial center is helpful.
I have studied at a tutorial center for two years. My
command of English has improved considerably since I
started this course.
At my center, the fees are reasonable. My tutors are
qualified teachers. I have been helped a lot by them.
They are sincere and kind.
One of my teachers was British. At first, I could not
say anything to her. But later I learned how to
communicate in English with a westerner.
I think that the tutorial center has given me a lot of
confidence in using English.

评注: 第一段提出论点, 体现家教中心是helpful(段划线
部分) ,主体段分别从几个方面(划线部 分)来阐述家教中心
的确有帮助,结论段重申家教中心的作用(划线部分),且语句
表达与第一 段中的不重复.
三、议论文的写作模式
1. 议论文的类型
英语议论文根据命题特点，从形式上来看可分为如下类型:
① “一分为二”的观点．如“轿车大量进入家庭后，对家庭、
环境、经济可能产生的影响”
② “两者选一”的观点．如，期中考试作文题，“乘火车还
是乘飞机”
③“我认为……”型．如“你对课外阅读的看法”
④“怎样……（how to）”型．如“怎样克服学习中碰到的
困难”．
⑤ 图表作文．通过阅读图表中的数字与项目得出一个结论或
形成一种看法．
按照高二上学期的 写作要求，学生主要应掌握①②两种类型
的议论文的写作．在第①种类型中命题涉及某一事物或现象的正反两个方面：通过正反两个方面的对比，得出结论是利
大于弊，还是弊大于利．论证要围绕所要 得出的结论来展开，
若利大于弊，则有利的一面要多阐述一点．反之亦然．
在第②种类型中 ，命题要求在A或B两者之间作一比较或选

择，两个对象往往各有优势，所以结论部分有 两种情况：
a. 要么支持A，要么支持B;
b. A、B优势均难的割舍，只好依情况而定在结论部分说清
楚在什么条件选A, 在什么条件选B．
下面重点介绍第①、②种类型议论文的写作模式.
2. “一分为二”观点的议论文模式
Introduction
第1段:Nowadays more and more people．．．．．．plays
an important part in．．．. like everything
else, ．．．hashave both favorable and unfavorable
aspectsboth advantages and disadvantages. Generally,
the favorable aspectsadvantages can be listed as
follows.
Main body
第2段：Firstly,.. Secondly,…In additionWhat’s more…
第3段: Every coin has two sides. The negative
aspectsdisadvantages are also apparentobvious. To
begin with…; To make matters worse…; Worse of all…
Conclusion
第4段: Through above analysisAll things considered,
we can see that the positive aspectsadvantages
outweigh the negative onesdisadvantages. Therefore…

例文1. 看电视的利与弊 Advantages and disadvantages of
watching TV
Nowadays more and more people like to watch TV. So TV
plays a very important part in our life. But watching
TV has both advantages and disadvantages. Generally,
the advantages can be listed as follows.
Firstly, you can expand your knowledge by watching TV.
As we all know, learning things by TV is much faster than
by listening to the radio or just by reading books. For
it has colorful pictures as well as wonderful music.
Secondly, you may know anybody you want to know such as
famous singers, super stars, scientists and so on.
What’s more, you can go everywhere by traveling programs.
Let’s suppose, if you like traveling very much, but you
have to work on weekends or holidays, you must be very
sad. And now open your TV and it’ll take you to anywhere.
Every coin has two sides. The disadvantages are also
obvious. For example, watching too much TV can easily
become short- sighted, especially for children and
students. To make matters worse, some young students are
keen on watching TV so that they give up their studies
gradually.
Through above analysis, I think watching TV is a way of

studying, it is good for us to watch TV. But when we watch
TV, we should make a plan otherwise watching TV will
destroy our life.
例文2. 谈谈出国留学的利与弊 Where to attend a college
Nowadays more and more young people are going to study
abroad. Like everything else, studying abroad has both
favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally, the
favorable aspects can be listed as follows.
Firstly, they think by attending a college in a foreign
country they can learn not only useful knowledge, but
also the culture and customs of other nations. Secondly,
they can take advantage of this opportunity to gain a
good command of the foreign language they are learning
very quickly. Moreover, they can meet different people
and experience different cultures, which may help to
broaden their views.
Every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also
apparent. The costs are much higher than those in their
native country. Most overseas students have to work for
a living, which can’t allow them to pay all their
attention to study. What’s more, they may feel very
lonely.

Through above analysis, we can see that the positive
aspects outweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I am in
favor of going abroad to study.
写作练习：
①谈谈校服 （school uniforms）.
提示：近年来，越来越多的中小学要 求穿校服．对此引发了
学生中由对这个问题的讨论，请写一片英语短文阐述你的观
点．
Reference: some of the main arguments for and against
school uniforms.
FOR
ts look neat and tidy.
public knows which school you are from.
s all pay the same money.
ts don’t worry about fashions.
rs can identify students on school trips.
AGAINST
ms are expensive.
en grow fast, need new uniforms.

uniforms are very uncomfortable.
ts all look the same, can’t be individuals.
bored with same clothes every day.
②说广告（about advertisement）.
提示：有人说广告在现代社会是很重要，有人认为广告的促
销成分太多，你认为……
3.“两者选一”观点的议论文模式
模式⑴:A、B两者优劣势分析,要么选A,要么选B.
Introduction
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that (A) is superior
to (B) in many ways. Others, however, argue that (B) is
much better. Personally, I would prefer (A) because I
think (A) has more advantages.
Main body
第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer (A). The main
reason is that … Another reason is that…(赞同A的原
因)
第3段: Of course, choosing (B) also has advantages to
some extent, (列出1~2个B的优势)

Conclusion
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, (A) is
much better than (B). from what has been discussed above,
we may finally draw the conclusion that …(总结观点)
例文: Which is better? Cars or bikes?
Some people hold the opinion that private cars are
superior to bicycles in many ways. Others, however,
argue that the bicycle is much better. Personally, I
would prefer the use of cars because I think cars have
more advantages.
There are many reasons why I prefer cars. The main reason
is that cars bring convenience and mobility to the
owners. What’s more, a car is far more comfortable to
travel in, especially in the changeable weather.
Another reason is that, when more people buy cars, the
automobile industry will develop more quickly. The
growth of the automobile industry can motivate the rise
of other related industries such as iron and steel
production.
Of course, bicycles can take you to anywhere you like
in town and does not need a large parking place. Besides,
it is not as expensive as a car and therefore every

family can afford to buy.
But if all these factors are considered, cars are much
better than bicycles. From what has been discussed above,
we may finally draw the conclusion that people can live
better with the use of cars.
模式⑵: A、B优势相当,依情况而定,有条件地选择A或B.
Introduction
第1段:Which would you prefer if you are faced with the
choice between (A) and (B)? Before you make the decision,
you had better make a close comparison.
Main body
第2段：It is true that(选择A的优势之一). It is also
true that(选择A的优势之二). But (选择A的劣势).
第3段: Though.(选择B的劣势), (选择B的优势之一).
Furthermore, (选择B的优势之二).
Conclusion
第4段: Therefore, if you…, you should choose (A), but
if you…, you should choose (B). (总结观点,提出建议)
例文: Listening to the radio or reading the newspapers?
Which would you prefer if you are faced with the choice
between listening to the radio and reading the

newspapers? Before you make the decision, you had better
make a close comparison.
It is true that listening to the radio is quick and
convenient. It is also true that we can listen to the
radio while are doing something else. So we can save a
lot of time. But radio programs have their own time
schedule. You cannot get the information you need every
time you turn on your radio.
Though newspapers are not as quick as radio, reading
from the newspaper can certainly bring us news more
clearly and more exactly. Furthermore, while reading,
we have time to think about what we are reading, to judge
it, to analyze it, and then we will be more aware of its
cause and effect.
We are living in an information age. We have to make full
use of the information we can get if we are to achieve
our goals.
Therefore, if we want to get the latest news, we can
listen to the radio, but if we want to get the exact words,
we’d better read the newspaper.
写作练习:
① 健康与财富(Health and Wealth)

提示: 健康与财富哪个更重要一直是一个热门话题(hot
topic),请简述你的观点.
② 哪里住更好(Where to live?)
提示: 有的人喜欢往城里挤,有的人喜欢往乡下搬. 各有所
好,孰是孰非,你以为如何?
参考文献: