2翻译 难度较大科普类英文阅读及其精准翻译
带马的成语-zcs教学设计
难度较大科普类英文阅读及其精准翻译
When a caterpillar
（毛虫）pretends to be a snake to keep off potential
predators （捕食若）,
it should probably expect to
be treated like is exactly what happened in Costa
Rica
earlier this year, when researchers
witnessed a hummingbird defending its nest from
what it
interpreted to be a snake, but was
actually a caterpillar, which was feeding on a
leaf above the
nest.
段落大意：
当一条毛毛虫假装一条蛇
以此让潜在的捕食者不靠近他们时，这条毛毛虫极有可能被当
作一条蛇来对待。这也就是今年早些时候发
生在哥斯达黎加（Costa Rica）的事儿，当时研
究者目击了蜂鸟保护自己的巢穴以防“蛇”的
侵袭，事实上，这条被蜂鸟所认为的“蛇”只
是条依靠鸟巢上的叶子为生的毛毛虫而已。
These caterpillars resemble flat dried leaves
as adults. They can expand the top of their heads
to expose a pair of eyespots that discourage
potential predators. When disturbed, they raise
their
head up and move from side to side,
increasing the snake-like appearance. In
particular they
resemble a green parrot snake,
known to feed on nesting birds.
段落大意：
这些毛毛
虫成年时与那种扁的干树叶相似。它们可以扩大他们的头部，这样来露出一双
来可以让潜在掠夺者却步的
眼睛。当受到干扰时，他们抬起头并从一侧移动到另一侧，这样
增加了蛇的外观。特别是它们类似于绿色
的鹦鹉蛇，这种蛇以筑巢鸟类为食。
Hummingbirds have a few
styles of flying: visiting flowers, feeding on
some tiny insects,
chasing each other, and
mating territory（领土）display flights. Mobbing
（围攻）behavior directed
against a threat to
their nest is much less common but easy to
recognize if you know their flight
behaviors.
段落大意：
蜂鸟有几种飞行风格：采花、喂食一些小昆虫、相互追逐、交配领域展示飞行。针
对对
其巢穴的威胁的围攻行为不太常见，但如果您了解其飞行行为的话则容易识别。
The
interaction of the caterpillar and the humming
birds took place in Costa Rica. The
comings
and goings of the female hummingbird around its
nest may have disturbed the caterpillar,
causing it to expose its eyespots, which in
turn caused the hummingbird to defend its nest
using
what is referred to as ‘mobbing
behavior’ by birds.
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段落大意：
毛毛
虫和蜂鸟的相互采取行动发生在哥斯达黎加。雌性蜂鸟在其巢穴周围的来来往往可
能扰乱了毛毛虫，导致
它才露出眼睛，这番过来又使蜂鸟用鸟类所谓的“围攻行为”来保护
它的巢穴。
The
caterpillar was unable to feed during the
26-minutes of nearly continuous attacks. Most
of the bird’s movements were cautious, but
included quick attacks to peck or bite the
eyespots.
It was difficult for either the bird
or caterpillar to withdraw from the standoff（僵局）,
with the
hummingbird protecting its nest and
the caterpillar just trying to finish its leafy
meal. Eventually
the caterpillar gave up on
eating and crawled away while still under attack,
and the hummingbird
continued normal nesting
behavior.
段落大意：
在几乎连续26分钟的进攻时间内，毛毛虫无法进食。大多
数鸟的动作都是小心翼翼的，
但却也有快速攻击来啄或咬（毛虫）眼睛。
蜂鸟保护它的巢穴，
毛毛虫只是试图完成它的绿叶大餐，这样以来鸟类或毛毛虫都很难
从僵局中退出。最后，毛毛虫放弃了进
食并在受到攻击时爬走了，蜂鸟继续进行正常的筑巢
行为。
When birds
exhibit this mobbing behavior targeting snake’s
eyes, it often ends with snakes
being killed
by repeated bites and pecks near the head. As for
creatures that imitate snakes to
protect
themselves from being eaten, can they in turn
protect themselves? Because the
hummingbird
behavior was typical anti-snake behavior, it can
be considered replicable （可复制
的）.
段落大意：
当鸟类展现出瞄准蛇眼的这种围攻行为时，其结局通常是，蛇的头部因被反复的叮咬和
啄食而被杀死。
对于模仿蛇以保护自己免受被吃的生物，它们能否反过来保护自己？因为蜂
鸟行为是典型的反蛇行为，所
以这种行为可以被认为是可复制。（意思是，其它的反蛇行为
都是类似的样子。）
Future studies of this behavior can be
conducted using a tiny, caterpillar robot. It
should be
remote controlled, light enough to
attach to a leaf or stem, and wireless. With such
a robot,
researchers could vary the eye-like
nature and contract of spots on the head of the
robot to test
various responses of nest-
defending birds. A study like this could
definitively test the effects of
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eye-like versus other imitating
patterning for exciting the defensive attacks.
And, it turns out that the caterpillar feeds
on a leaf on the same plant, as far away from the
nest as possible!
段落大意：
未来对这种行为的研究可以使用
一个小型的毛毛虫机器人进行。它应该是遥控的，很轻
依附在叶子和茎上，并且是无线的。有了这样一个
机器人，研究人员可以改变机器人头部的
眼睛性质和斑点的收缩，以测试筑巢鸟类的各种反应。像这样的
研究可以明确地测试相对于
其他模仿样式眼睛对激发防御性攻击的影响。
与此同时，事实也证明，毛毛虫以同一植物的叶子为实食，（它们）会尽可能远离巢穴。
do we know about caterpillars and hummingbirds
from the passage?
belong to the same species.
arc natural enemies of each other.
are
insects and birds respectively. compete against
each other for territory.
gbirds will show
their mobbing behaviors when visitors__________.
A. are picking flowers
B. are chasing each other
C. interrupt their
eating leaves D. set foot on their
territories
is neither the hummingbird nor
the caterpillar willing to withdraw at first?
e the hummingbird is trying to finish its
leafy meal.
e the caterpillar is protecting
the hummingbird’s nest.
e they behave in this
way out of their own interest.
e there is a
green parrot snake watching them.
4.A tiny
caterpillar robot can be used to____________.
e the anti-snake behavior nest-
defending birds’ responses
control of the
snake’s behavior against the defensive attacks
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