31比较的基本形式
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2020年08月10日 01:13
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语法要点(Main points)
1) You add "-er" for the comparative and "-est" for the superlative of one-
syllable adjectives adverbs.
单音节形容词和副词通过加"-er"和 "-est"分别构成比较级和最高级。
2) You use "-er'' and "-est" with some two-syllable adjectives.
某些双音节形容词也通过加"-er"和 "-est"分别构成比较级和最高级。
3) You use "more for the comparative and "most" for the superlative of most
tow-syllable adjectives, all longer adjectives, and adverbs ending in "-ly".
大多数双音节或多音节形容词，以及以"-ly"结尾的副词，都通过与
"more"和"most"搭配构成比较级和最高级。
4) Some common adjectives and adverbs have irregular forms.
某些常见的形容词和副词有不规则的比较级和最高级形式。
语法透析
1) You add "-er" for the comparative form and "-est" for the superlative form
of one-syllable adjectives and adverbs. If they end in "-e", you "-r" and "-st".
单音节形容词和副词通过加"-er"和 "-est" 分别构成比较级和最高级。
如果词语本身是以"-e"结尾，则直接加 "-r"和 "-st"。
cheap(便宜的) cheaper cheapest
safe(安全的) safer safest
close(紧密的) cold(寒冷的) fast(迅速的) hard(坚固的)
large(巨大的) light(明亮的) nice(好的) poor(穷的)
quick(快速的) rough(粗糙的) small(小的) weak(弱点)
wide(宽的) young(年轻的)
例如：1) They worked harder. 他们工作更努力。
2) I've found a nicer hotel. 我找到了一家更好的酒店。
2) With two-syllable adjectives and adverbs ending in a consonant "-y", you
change the "-y" to "-i" and add "-er" and "-est".
以辅音"-y" 结尾的双音节形容词和副词通过变"-y" 为"-i"，再加 "-er"和
"-est"分别构成比较级和最高级。
happy(快乐的) happier happiest angry(生气的)
busy(忙碌的) dirty(肮脏的) easy(容易的)
friendly(友好的) funny(有趣的) heavy(重的) lucky(幸运的)
silly(愚蠢的) tiny(微小的)
例如：1) It couldn't be easier. 这不会更容易。
2) That is the funniest bit of the film.
那是这部影片最滑稽的地方。
3) You use "more" for the comparative and "most" for the superlative of most
two-syllable adjectives, all longer adjectives, and adverbs ending in "-ly".
大多数双音节或多音节形容词，以及以"-ly" 结尾的副词，都通过
与"more"和 "most"搭配构成比较级和最高级。
careful(仔细的) more careful most carefully
beautiful(美丽的) more beautiful most beautiful
seriously(认真地) more seriously most seriously
例如：1) Be more careful next time. 下次要更小心点。
2) They are the most beautiful gardens in the world.
它们是全世界最美丽的花园。
4) With some common two-syllable adjectives and adverbs you can either add "-
er" and "-est", or use "more" and "most''.
有些常见的双音节形容词和副词，既可以通过加"-er" 和"-est"分别构成
比较级和最高级，也可以通过与 "more"和 "most"搭配构成比较级和最
高级。
common(普通的) cruel(残酷的) gentle(文雅的)
handsome(英俊的) likely(可能的) narrow(狭窄的)
pleasant(愉悦的) polite(有礼貌的)
simple(简单的) stupid(愚蠢的)
例如：1) It was quieter outside. 外边更安静点。
2) He was the cleverest man I even knew.
他是我认识的最聪明的人。
5) You normally use "the" with superlative adjectives in front of a noun, but you
can omit ''the'' after a link verb.
形容词最高级如果用在名词之前需要加''the''，如果用在系动词之前则
可省略。
例如：1) It was the happiest day of my life.
那是我生命中最快乐的一天。
2) I was happiest when I was on my own.
我独自一人的时候最开心。
6) A few common adjectives and adverbs have irregular comparative and
superlative forms.
某些常见的形容词和副词有不规则的比较级和最高级形式。
good/well better best
bad/badly worse worst
far farther/further farthest/ furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
例如：1) She would ask him when she knew him better.
如果她对他了解更多一些就会问他。
2) She sat near the furthest window.
她坐在最远的窗旁。