swot是什么意思-坚持的同义词

ion with asset allocation
[C] the possible restriction on their granting
[D] the controversy over authorization
27. Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?
[A] Its rulling complies with the court decisions
[B] It involves a very big business transaction
[C] It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit
[D] It may change the legal practices in the U.S.
28. The word “about-face”(Line 1, Paro 3)most probably means
[A] loss of good will
[B]increase of hostility
[C]change of attitude
[D] change of auiuled
29．We learn from the last two pamgraphs that business-meihod Pateats
[A] are immune to legal challenges
[B] are of ten unnecessarily issued
[C] lower the esteem for pateat holders
[D] increase the incidence of risks
30．Which of the following would bethe subject ofthe text?
[A]A looming threat to bvamess-melhcd patents
[B]Protection for business-method patent holders
[C]A legal case regarding business-methodpatents
[D] A prevailing tread against business-method patents
Text 3
In his book The Tipping Poinl Malcohn aladuell aloues that social epidemics are dliven in largepart by the acting of a tiny minority of special
individuals,often calledin flu entials who are unusuall informed, persuasive, or we connect The idea is intuit ively compelling but it doesn't explain howideas actually spread.
The supposed importance of inftuentials derives from a plansible sounding but largely untested theory untested thelry called the "tow-step flow of communication" Information

llows from the mediato the inftuentials and from then to ereryone else. Marke ters have embraced the two-step flow became it suggests that if they can just find and
influence the in fluent ials, those select people will do most of the work for them Thetheory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of people was

wearing promoting or developing whaterver it is before anyone else paid attention Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special
people call drivetrends
In their recent work howeyer some researchers have come up with the finding that in fluentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is genetally supposed In
fact they don’t seem to be required of all
The researchers' argument stems from a simple obserrating about social influence with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey-whose outsize presence is primanrilly a function of media not interpersonal influence-enen the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others Yet it is precisely these non-celebring influentials who according to the two-step-flow theoryare supposed to drive social enidemics by influcenciny their friends and colleagues directly .For a social epidemic to occur however each person so sffected must then influcence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs and so on and just how many others pay attention to each of these people h
k shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group politely calls”the use of judgment by management.”
European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board(IASB)do IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning,but the pressure to fold when it comletes it reconstruction of rules later this year is strong Charlie McCreevy,a European commissioner,warned the IASB that is did”not live in a political vacuum”but”in the real word” and the Europe could yet develop different rules.
It was banks that were on the wrong planet,with accouts htat wastly overvalued they argue htat market prices overstate loeees,because htey
Largerly reflect the temporary illiquldity of markets,not the likely entent of bad truth will not be known for bank’s shares trade below their book value,suggeting that investors are dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses,yet are relucaant to buy all those supposed bargains.
To get the sysytem working again, losses must be recognized and dealt a’s new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive. Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that,cleaning up rules on stock options ang pensions,for example,against hostility interests. But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.

36. Bankers complained that they were forced to
[A]follow anfavorable asset evaluation rules
[B]collect payments from third parties
[C]cooperate with the price managers
[D]reevaluate some of their assets

ing to the author,the rule changes of the FASB may result in
[A]the dimingishing role of management
[B] the revival of the banking syestem
[C]the bank’s long-term asset lossers
[D]the weakening og its indepentdence

38. According to Paragarph 4,McCreevy objects to the IASB’s attempt to
[A] keep away from political influences
[B] evade the pressure from their peers
[C] act on their own in ruli-setting
[D]take gradual measures in reform

39、The author thinks the banks were“on the wrong planet”in that they
[A]mis interpreted market price indicators
[B]exaggerated the real value of their assets
[C]neglected the likely existence of bad debts
[D]denied booking losses in their sale of assets

40、The author’s attitude towards standard-setters is one of
[A]satisfaction
[B]skepticism
[C]objectiveness
[D]sympathy

Part B
Directions:
For Questions 41-45,choose the most suitable paragraphs from the first A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to from a coherent text Paragraph E has been correctly placed. There is one paragraph which dose not fit in with the text. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points)
[A]The first and more important is
the consumer’s growing preference for eating out; the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 2005. This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by 4 to 5 percent a year Europe compared with growth in retail demand of 1 to 2 percent. Meanwhile as the recession is looming large, people are getting anxious. They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.

[B]Retail sales of food and drink in Europe’s largest markets are at a standstill,lesving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to leading retailers have alteady tried e-commerce,with limit success,and expansion almost all have ignored the able opportunity in their own backyard the wholesale food and drink trade,whoch appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.

[C]Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drinkmarket?Definitely functioning of the market is basrd on flexible
Trends dominated by potential other words it is up to the buyer tather than the seller to decide what to any rate this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers regardless of how long the current consumer pattem will take hold.

[D] All in all,this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits there least,that is how it looks as a inspection reveals import differences among the biggest national markets,especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures,as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European wholesaling in which particular abilities might unseat smaller but enerenched skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too.

[E] Despite variations in detail,wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined—France,Germany,Italy,and Spain—are made out of same building comes mainly from two sources:independent morn-and-pop grocery stores which,unlike large retail chains,are two small to buy straight from producers,and food service operators range from snack machines to large institutional catering ventures,but most of these businesses are known in the trade as “horeca”:hotels,restaurants,and l, Europe’s retail wholesale market, but the figures,when added together,mask two opposing trends.

[F] For example, wholesale food and drink sales come to $$268 billion in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom in 2000-more than 40 percent of retail sales. Moreover, average overa
ll margins are higher in wholesale than in retail; wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out more often;and changes in the competitive dynamics of this fragmented industry are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to considerate.

[G] However, none of these requirements should deter large retails and even some large good producers and existing wholesalers from trying their hand,for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.

41t→t42t→ 43 → 44 → E → 45

Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into translation should be written carfully on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10

Points)
One basic weakness in a comservation system based wholly one economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value Yet these ereatures are members of the biotic community and ,if its stability depends on its inteynity,they are entitled to continuance
When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and if we happen to love incert excuses to give it economic importance At the beginning pf century songbiras were supppsed to be disappearing.(46)Scinentists jumped to the resure with some distimctly shaky evidence to the effect the insecets would est us up of brids failed to control them the ecideuce had to be conbmic in order to be walid.
It is pamful to read these round about accounts have no land ehtic yet.(47)but we have at least drawn near the point pf admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinisic right reardless of the presence pf absence of economic adcantage to us.
A panallel situation exists in respect of predatory mamals and fish-eating birds(48)Time was when biologosts somewhat over worded evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak or that they prey only on “worthless species”.
Some species pf tree have been read out of the party by economici –minded fpresters they grow too slowty or have a sale vate to pay as imeber crops (49)In europe,where forestry is ecologically more advanced ,the ncommercial tree species are recognized ad members of native forest community,to be preserved as such,within reason.
To sum up;a system of conservation based solely on econominc self-interest is hopelesstly lopsided(50)It tends to ignore,and thus eventually to eliminate,many elements in the land community that lack commercial value,but that are essential to its healthy t the uneconomic pats.
Section III Writing

Part A
ions:
You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an intemational conference on globalization,
you should conclude the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.
You should write about 100 not sign your own name at the end ofthe
e"postgraduate association" instead.

Part B

ions:
Write an essay of 160200 words based on the following your essay,you should
1)tdescribe the drawing briefly,
2)tecplain its intended meaning,and then
3)tgive your comments.
You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET2.(20 points)

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