航海名词须知
通钢一中-一年级德育工作总结
航海名词须知
航海科学
nautical science 航海学 Marine Navigational
地文航海 Geo-Navigation 天文航海 Celestial
navigational
航海仪器 Nautical instrument 航海气象
Nautical meteorology
助航标志 Aids to navigational
航海图书资料Nautical charts & publications
船艺
Seamanship 船舶操纵Ship-handing
Manoeuvring
船舶避碰 Ship collision prevention
航行管理Navigational Management
航海法规Maritime rules
and regulations航运业务 Shipping Business
海商法maritime lawcode 船舶登记Ship registration
船舶检验Ship survey 海上安全监督 Marine safety
supervision
海上保险Marine insurance
真北 True
north (NT) 磁北 Magnetic North (NM)
罗北 Compass
North (NC) 陀罗北 Gyro-compass North (NG)
磁差
Variation ―Var‖ 航向 Course ―C‖
航向线 Course Line
―CL‖ 船首向 Heading ―Hdg‖
真航向 True Course ―TC‖
磁航向 Magnetic Course ―Mc‖
罗航向 Compass Course
‖Cc‖ 陀罗航向Gyro-compass Course ―Gc‖
标准罗航向
Standard compass course 操舵罗航向 Steering compass
course
大圆航向 Great circle course ―GCC‖ 转向
Alter course ―ac‖
始航向 Initial Course 终航向 Final
course 航迹 Track ―Tk‖
计划航迹向Course of advance
―CA‖ Intened track
推算航迹向 Estimated course
实际航迹向Actual track course over ground
方位
Bearing ―B‖ 方位线 Bearing Line ―BL‖ 正横 Abeam
真方位 True Bearing ―TB‖ 磁方位 Magnetic Bearing
―MB‖
罗方位 Compass Bearing ―CB‖ 陀罗方位Gyro-compass
Bearing ―GB‖
链 Cable ―cab‖ 航程Distance Run
航速 Speed 船速 Ship’s speed
计划航速Speed of advance
推算航速Speed made good
实际航速 Speed over ground
经济航速Economic speed
主机航速Speed by RPM(Engine
speed) 计程仪航速 Speed by log
正横距离 Distance abeam
最近距离 Minimum distance
航行计划Navigational
plan(sail plan) 航线设计Passage Planning
推荐航线Recommended route 最佳航线 Optimum route
始发港 Port of sailing(origin) 出发港 Port of
departure
挂靠港Port of call 到达港 Port of arrival
目的港Port of destination
转向点Turning Point 航路点
Way Point ―WP‖ 航次 Voyage ―Voy‖
大洋航路 Ocean
Passage 航迹推算 Track made good
航迹绘算Track
Plotting 海图作业 Charts work航迹计算 Track calculating
推算始点Departure Point 推算终点 Arrival Point
积算船位Dead reckoning position ―DR‖推算船位 Estimated
position ―EP‖
风压差 Leeway angle ―α‖ 流压差 Drift
angle ―β‖
风流压差 Leeway and drift angle ―γ‖ 偏航
Crabbing (off course off way)
东西距 Departure
―Dep‖
推算经纬 Estimated Longitude
latitude
观测船位纬度经度 Observed Position ―OP‖
Latitude Longitude
经度纬度改正量 Longitude Latitude
correction
陆标 Landmark ( Terrestrial object)
位置线 Line of position (LOP)
方位位置线Position line
by bearing 距离位置线Position line by distance
定位Fixing (positioning) 陆标定位 Fixing by landmark
方位定位 Fixing by cross bearing 距离定位Fixing by
distance
方位距离定位 Fixing by bearing and distance
天文定位 Celestial fixing
船位 Fix (Ship’s position)
陆标船位 Terrestrial Fix (TF)
联合船位 Combined Fix
(CF) 大洋航行 Ocean navigation
近洋航行 Offshore
navigation 狭水道航行 Navigating in narrow channel
沿岸航行 Coastal navigationnavigating in coastal
water
风暴中航行 Navigating in heavy weather 雾中航行
Navigating in fog
极区航行 Polar navigation 冰区航行
Ice navigation
天体 Celestial body 天文观测
Celestial observation
天赤道 Celestial equator
时角 Hour angle (HA)
地方时角 Local hour angle(LHA)
格林时角 Greenwich hour angle (GHA)
赤纬 Declination
(Dec) 赤经 Right ascension (RA)
春分点 Vernal
equinox 夏至点 Summer solstice
秋分点 Autumnal
equinox 冬至点 Winter solstice
平时 Mean time (T)
地方平时 Local mean time(LMT)
原子时 Atomic time (AT)
区时 Zone Time (ZT)
世界时 Universal Time
(GMT)协调世界时 Coordination Universal Time(UTC)
标准时 Standard Time 法定时 Legal Time
夏令时
Summer time (daylight saving time) 时差 Equation of
Time (ET)
日界线 Date Line (Calendar line) 天文钟误差
Chronometer error (CE)
航海天文历 Nautical almanac
六分仪高度 Sextant altitude
日出(没) sun rise（set）
月出（没） Moon rise(set)
观测高度 Observed altitude
导航设备 Navigation aids
选择船位纬度经度 Assumed position
latitude longitude
无线电导航 Radio navigation
无线电测向 Radio direction finding (RDF)
自动测向仪
Automatic Direction Finder (ADF)
航 海 仪 器
罗经 compass 磁罗经 Magnetic compass
标准罗经 Standard compass
操舵罗经Steering compass
应急罗经Emergency compass
救生艇罗经Lifeboat compass
罗经盘 Compass Card液体罗经Liquid compass
纵向磁棒 Fore-
and aft magnet 横向磁棒 Athwartships magnet
天文钟
Chronometer 子母钟 Primary – Secondary clock
海图作业工具 Chart work tools 气压表 Barometer 气压计
Barograph
温度计Hygrograph 温度表 Hygrometer
风速计Anemograph 风速表 Anemometer
陀螺（电）罗经
Gyrocompass 陀螺球 Gyro-sphere (Gyro-ball)
贮液缸
Liquid container 分罗经Compass repeater
自动雷达标绘仪 Automatic Radar Plotting Aids
(ARPA)
电子方位线 Electronic bearing line (EBL)
固定距标 Fixed range rings (range marker)
活动距标
Variable range rings(Variable range marker)
相对显示 Relative motion display 真运动显示 True
motion display
偏心显示 Off-centered display
中心扩大显示Center-expand display
矢量显示Vector
display 盲区Blind zone
假回波False echo 海浪回波 sea
echo
显示方式Display mode 北，首，航向向上North, Head,
Course up
雷达信标Radar beacon(Racon)
卫星导航仪Satellite navigation
雷达应答器Radar
transponder 搜救雷达应答器Reach & rescue R---der
全球定位系统 Global positioning system (GPS)
标准大气 Standard atmosphere 气温 Air temperature
气压 Atmosphere pressure
云量高状图：Cloud
amountheightformatlas
风向速级：Wind
directionspeed(velocity )Force scale
卫星云图satellite cloud picture 天气现象Weather
phenomena
天气形势Synoptic Situation 天气预报Weather
forecast
天气报告Weather report(WX) 恶劣天气Heavy
weather
大风警报Gale warning(GW) 暴风警报Storm
warning(SW)
台风警报Typhoon warning (TW) 紧急警报
Emergency warning
台风眼Typhoon eye 台风路径Typhoon
track
危险象限Dangerous quadrant 危险半圆Dangerous
semicircle
可航半圆Navigable semicircle 寒潮 Cold
wave
梅雨Meiyu( Plum rainsmould rainsbai-u)
季风Monsoon 海风Sea breeze 航行风Navigation
wind(ship wind)
真风True wind 视风 Apparent wind
(relative wind)
海水温度 Sea temperature 波浪 Wave
风浪 wind wave 涌浪 Swell
浪涌级：wave swell scale
海况 Sea condition 浪花 Breakers
大小潮 Spring Neap
tide 高低潮 HighLow water (HWLW)
涨落潮 FloodEbb
tide 停潮 Water stand
潮面 Tide level 潮高 Height
of tide 潮差 Tidal range
主付港 Standardsecondary
Port 转流 Turn of tidal current
涨潮流 Flood
streamcurrent 落潮流 Ebb stream
日标 Day mark
立标Beacon 顶标Topmark 灯标lighted mark
灯塔Light
house 灯桩 Light beacon 浮标 Buoy 灯船Light vessel
导标Leading beacon 叠标 Transit beacon 灯高
Elevation of light
雷达反射器Radar reflector
运河航标Navigation aids on canal
大圆海图Great circle
chart(Gnomonic chart)
空白定位图Plotting chart
航路设计图Routing chart
新版图New edition chart 改版图
Large correction chart
奥米伽海图Omega chart
图号Chart number
海图基准面Chart datum 海图水深
Sounding 对景图 View
海图比例尺Chart scale 局部比例尺Local
scale 小改正Small correction
海图卡片 Chart
card 航海用图Navigational chart
沿岸图 Coastal chart
港泊图Harbor chart 总图General chart
平面图Plane
chart 墨卡托投影 Mercator projection
海图图式Symbols
and abbreviations of charts 岸Coast 岸线 coast line
控制点Control point 海堤 Sea wall (sea bank)
堤坝Dyke (dike)
防波堤Breakwater 鱼栅Fishing stake
鱼礁 Fish reck
海底电缆Submarine cable 架空电缆Overhead
power cable
明礁Rock uncovered 暗礁Rock
Submerged rock Sunken rock
适淹礁Rock awash
干出礁Drying rock 碍航物Obstruction
海湾Gulf 海滩Beach
水道Channel 航道Fairway
锚位 Anchor position (AP)
概位Position approximate (PA)
疑位Position
doubtful (PD) 疑存Existence doubtful(ED)
航路RoutePassage 等高线Contour lines 等深线Depth
contour
警戒区Precautionary area 安全航路 Safety
fairway 沉船Wreck
消磁场Degaussing range
避风锚地Shelter 防台锚地Typhoon anchorage
禁航区Prohibited area Forbidden zone 雾号 Fog
signal
垃圾倾倒区Dumping ground Spoil area
演习区Exercise area Practice area
分道通航制Traffic separation schemes(TSS)
通航分道Traffic lane
船舶总流向General direction of
traffic flow
分隔带线Separation zoneline
沿岸通航带Inshore traffic zone
单双向航路OneTwo—way
route 深水航路Deep water route
环形道Roundabout
码头Wharfquay 突码头Jetty 浮码头Pontoon
航路指南Sailing
directions 航南补篇Supplement of sailing direction
航海图书目录Catalog of charts and publications
里程表Distance table
航海表NauticalNavigation table
航标表List of lights 航海日志Log book
潮汐(流)表Tidal(stream)table 夜航命令簿Night order
book
无线电航井Radio navigational warning 贴图Block
临时通告Temporary Notice 预告Preliminary Notice
艏艉舯Bowsternmidship 前后Forwardaft
横向Athwartships
高处Aloft
前方(向前)后方(向后)AheadAstern(back)
艏艉线Fore-and-aft
line 艏舷艏楼BowForecastle 艉舷艉楼(胯)QuarterPoop
上层建筑Superstructure 艏艉尖舱Foreaft peak
tank(FPTAPT)
逃生通道Escape trunk 上主甲板Uppermain
deck 二层甲板Tween deck
统长甲板（连续甲板）Continuous deck
平台甲板Platform deck
舷梯Gangway(accommodation
ladder) 总长Length overall (LOA)
垂线间长（两柱间长）Length between perpendiculars
登记长度Registered length 最大宽度Maximum breadth
型宽Molded breadth 登记宽度Registered breadth
型深Molded depth 登记深度Registered depth
最大高度Maximum heigh
浮力Buoyancy 稳性Stability
操纵性Manoeuverability
续航力Cruising radius
Endurance 蒸汽机船Steam ship(SS)steamer
内燃机船Motor
vessel(MV) 汽轮机船Steam turbine ship
机帆船Sailing
ship fitted with auxiliary engineMotor sailer
帆船Sailing shipSailer 商船Merchant ship
邮船Mail ship
旅游船Tourist ship 游览船Excursion boat
木材船Lumber cargo ship
重大件运输船Heavy and lengthy
cargo carrier 矿砂船Ore carrier
散货船Bulk-cargo
shipBulk carrier 杂货船General cargo ship
液货船Liquid cargo shiptanker 油船Oil tanker
超大型油船Ultra large crude
carrier(ULCC)――(30万~80万)
大(巨)型油船Very large
crude carrier(VLCC)—(载重超过175.000吨的）
化学品船Chemical cargo ship 集装箱船Container
ship(货柜船)
液化石油气船Liquefied Petroleum Gas
carrier (LPG)
液化天然气船Liquefied Natural Gas
carrier(LNG)
多用途船Multipurpose cargo vessel
冷藏船Refrigerator ship
载驳船（子母船）Lighter Aboard
Ship(LASP)
滚装船Roll onRoll off ship (RoRo ship)
拖船 Tug towing vessel
汽车运输船Pure car
carrier(PCC) 渡船Ferry 被拖船Towed vessel
工程船Working shipEngineering ship 挖泥船Dredger
钻探船Drilling vessel 布缆船Cable layer
管道船Pipeline ship
救捞船Salvage ship 潜水工作船Diving
boat 港作船Harbor boatlaunch
测量船Surveying ship
水下作业船 Underwater operation ship
起重船(浮吊)Floating crane 破冰船Icebreaker
巡逻船Patrol boat
海难救助船Salvage and rescue ship
缉私船Revenue cutter
交通艇Traffic boatGeneral
service launchcrew boat(CB)Ferry launch
供应船Supply shipTender 消防船Fire boat 垃圾船Garbage
boat
引航船Pilot Boatvessel 军舰 Naval ship
远洋船Ocean-going vesselOcean trader 海船(近海船)Sea-
going vessel
甲板图Deck Plan 内底结构图Inner bottom
construction plan
横纵剖面图Transverselongitudinal
section plan 双底图Double plan
外板展开图Shell
expansion plan 舱壁图Bulkhead plan
船底图Bottom
plan 肋板Floor 平板龙骨Plate keel 帆布Canvas
船底纵骨Bottom Longitudinal 内底纵骨Inner bottom
Longitudinal
内底版Inner bottom plate 人孔Manhole
舷墙Bulwark
舱盖Hatch cover 防撞舱壁Collision
bulkhead 绳缆RopeHawser
钢丝缆Wire rope 撇缆Heaving
line 引缆Messenger line
破断强度Breaking strength
(BS) 试验负荷Proof load (PL)
安全系数Safety factor
(SF) 安全负荷Safety load (SL)
锚设备Ground tackle
anchor 备用锚Spare anchor sheet anchor
锚抓力Holding power of anchor 锚链Anchor
chaincable
链节Shotshackle 锚链标记Cable mark
转环Swivel
连接卸扣Joining shackleconnecting shackle
制链器Chain stopper
连接链环Joining link connecting
link 锚链舱Chain locker
抛锚Let go anchordrop
anchor 起锚Heavy up anchor weigh anchor
锚球Anchor ball 抛起锚口令Anchoring orders
压舵Counter rudder
舵效Rudder effectSteerage
航摆角(偏航角)Yaw angle
试舵Test the steering gear
车钟令Engine telegraphorders
单头缆Single rope
回头缆Slip ropewire 制索Stopper
缆桩Bollardbitts 千金索Topping lift
桁稳索YardGuy
吊货索Cargo runnerfall 单杆作业Signal
boom system
双杆作业Union purchase system
舱口吊杆Hatch boomInboard boom
舷外吊杆Yardoutboard
boom 重吊杆Heavy derrickJumbo boom
起重机吊车克令吊
Crane
其货设备定期检验Periodical survey of cargo gear
应变部署表Station billMuster list 船舶救生部署表Boat
station bill
救生设备Life saving appliance(LSA)
吊艇架Boat davit
气胀式救生伐Inflatable life-raft
抛绳设备Line-throwing appliance(LA)
弃船救生演习Abandon
of ship drill abandon drill
海上求生Survival at
sea 海上急救First aid at sea
船舶消防ship’s fire
fighting 消防控制站Fire control station
消防部署Fire
fight station 防火控制图Fire control plan
消防演习Fire
fighting drill 水灭火系统Water fire extinguishing
system
国际通岸接头International shore connection
灭火器Fire extinguisher
干粉灭火系统Dry powder fire
extinguishing system
泡沫灭火系统Foam fire
extinguishing system
固定式二氧化碳灭火系统Fixed carbon
(CO2)fire extinguishing system
固定甲板泡沫灭火系统Fixed
deck foam system
失火自动报警Automatic fire alarm
system 消防元装备Fireman’s outfit
堵漏Leak stopping
进水速度Speed of flooding 防暴Explosion prevention
排水能力Water discharge capacity 测爆Measuring the
explosion limit
测爆仪Explosimeter 船体保养Hull
maintenance 腐蚀Corrosion
防锈Rust proof anti-
rust 去白Baring 舷外作业Outboard work
高空作业Aloft
work 修理单Repair list 自修Self repair干船坞Dry dock
航修Voyage repair 期修Regular repair
临时修理Temporary repair
事故修理Damage repair 坞修Dock
repair 基本恢复修理Recovering repair
检修Overhaul
浮船坞Floating dock 船排Slipway 船台Ship building berth
涂料Paintcoating 涂漆Painting 烟囱漆Funnel paint
甲板漆Deck paint
水油舱涂料WaterOil tank coating
水线漆Boot –topping paint
船底漆Bottom paint
搪水泥Cementing 进出坞Docking Undocking
落(坐)墩Lying
on the keel block
船 舶 操 纵 与 避 碰
旋回圈(回转圈)Turning circle 纵距(进距)Advance
横距(正移量)Transfer
偏距(反移量)Kick 冲程Stopping
distance
停车冲程Inertial stopping distance
倒车冲程Reverse stopping distance
总阻力Total
resistance 推进器Propeller 螺旋桨Screw propeller
测速Speed trial 海港速Seaharbor speed 出链长度Chain
scope
淌航Carrying way with engine stopped
拖锚Dragging anchor
开锚Offshore anchor
绞缆移船Warping the berth 拖带towing
傍拖Towing
alongside 横拖Girding 倒拖Reverse towing 锚泊Anchoring
单锚泊Riding to single anchor 八字锚泊Riding to two
anchorsBridle moor
一点锚Riding one point anchors
串联锚泊Backing an anchor
力锚Riding anchor 惰锚Lee
anchor 止荡锚Yaw checking anchor
锚链绞缠Fouling hawse 清解锚链Clearing hawse
偏荡Yawing
弃锚Slipping anchor 锚更Anchor watch
走锚Dragging anchor
掉头Turning shore round
掉头区Turning basin Swinging area
进倒车掉头Turning
short round with ahead and astern engine
抛锚掉头Turning short round with anchor
顺流掉头Turning short round with the aid of
current
靠码头Alongside wharf 吹拢风On shore wind
吹开风Off shore wind
离码头Leaving wharfdeparture
艏离Leaving bow first
艉离Leaving stern first
平离Leaving bodily
单点系泊Single Point
Mooring(SPM) 离浮筒Clearing from buoy
大风浪中船舶操纵Ship handling in heavy weather
横摇
Rolling 纵摇 Pitching 艏摇Yawing
横荡Swaying
纵荡Surging 垂荡Heaving 纵倾 Triming横倾listing
横摇周期Rolling period 纵摇周期Pitching period
上浪Shipping sea seawater on deck 打横Broach to
砰击SlammingPounding (因纵摇而使浪击首部船底板) 艉淹Poop down
顶浪航行Steaming head to sea 顺浪航行Running with the
sea
斜偏浪航行Steaming with the sea on the bow or
quarter
滞航Heave to 漂航Drifting 淌航Carrying way
with engine stopped
运河操纵Manoeuvering in
channel 富裕水深Under keel Clearance (UKC)
狭水道操纵Manoeuvering in narrow channel
岸壁效应Bank effect （岸吸岸推现象—吸船尾推船首）
岸推Bank
cushion 岸吸Bank suction
船吸效应Interaction
between ships 浅水效应Shallow water effect
触礁Strike on a rock 墩底 Striking bottom
搁浅Aground Strand
触浅Touch GroundTouch bottom
人员落水Man overboard
单向旋回法Single turn
进闸操纵Locking maneuver
进坞操纵Docking maneuver
内陆水道Inland waterway
海员通常做法Ordinary practice of
seaman 特殊情况Special circumstances
紧迫局面Close
quarters situation 紧急危险Immediate danger
背离规则Departure from these roles
失去控制船Vessel not under command
操纵能力受限船Vessel restricted in her ability to
maneuver
清除水雷船Vessel engaged in mine-clearance
operation
限于吃水船Vessel constrained by her
draught
在航Underway 互见中In sight of one another
了望Look-out
能见度不良Restricted visibility 了头Look-
out on forecastle
驾驶和航行规则Steering and sailing
rules 安全航速Safety speed
背景亮光Background light
良好船艺Good seamanship
感潮河段Tide reaching zoneTide
affecting zone
尾随行驶Following at a distance
穿越Crossing
居间障碍物Intervening Obstruction
受风舷Windward side
上风船Vessel to windward
下风船艏Vessel to leeward
抢风Close haul顺风Tail wind
favorable windfair windfree windwith the wind
上行船Up-bound vessel 下行船Down-bound
vessel
逆流船Upstream vessel 顺流船Downstream
vessel
追越Overtaking 追越船Overtaking vessel
被追越船Overtaken vessel
对遇局面Head on situation
交叉相遇局面Crossing situation
横越Crossing ahead
碰撞危险Risk of collision
让路船Give-way vessel
直航船Stand-on vessel锚泊船Anchored vessel
搁浅船Vessel
aground 号灯号型LightShape桅灯Masthead light
舷灯Sidelight 艉灯Stern light 拖带灯Towing
light探照灯Search light
环照灯All-round light
闪光灯Flashing light
拖带长度Length of tow
对水移动Making way through water
声响信号Sound signal
灯光信号Light signal 号笛Whistle
短声Short blast
长声Prolonged blast 可听距离Range of audibility
追越声号Overtaking sound signal 识别信号Identity
signal
遇险信号Distress signal 豁免Exemption
雷达标绘Radar plotting
系统观察Systematic observation
最近会遇点Closest point of approach(CPA)
最近会遇时间Time
to closest point of approach (TCPA)
最近会遇距离Distance to closest point of approach
(DCPA)
目标录取Target acquisition 尾迹BackTrack
碰撞警报Collision warning
自动避碰系统Collision Avoiding
System(CAS) 船舶碰撞Ship collision
预测危险区Predicted
Area of Danger(PAD) 碰撞速度Collision speed
碰撞点Point of Collision(PC) 可能碰撞点Possible Point
of Collision(PPC)
碰角Collision angle
船舶运动图Maneuvering board plotting sheet
内 河 航 行
内河航行Inland navigation 内河航道图Chart of
inland waterway
净空高度Height clearanceair draft
叉河口Bifurcation area
干流Trunk stream
支流Tributary Side stream 主流Main stream
上中下游UpperMiddleLower reach 急流Rapid stream
洪峰Flood peak
航标Navigation mark 驳船队Barge train
拖曳船队Towing train
顶推船队Pusher train 顶推Pushing
客 货 运 输
干舷Freeboard 水线Waterline
甲板线Deck line 载重线Load line
载重线区域Load line area
载重线标志Load line markPlimsoll mark
排水量Displacement 空船排水量Light
displacement空船重量Light weight
满载排水量Full loaded
displacement 总载重量Dead weight (DW)
净载重量Net
Dead Weight(NDW) 吨位Tonnage 总吨位Gross Tonnage(GT)
净吨位Net Tonnage(NT) 运河吨位Canal Tonnage
船舶常数Ship’s constant
舱容系数Coefficient of load
自然损耗Normal loss of quantity
重心Center of
Gravity 浮心Center of Buoyancy 稳心Metacenter
储备浮力Reserve Buoyancy
每厘米吃水吨数Tons per
centimeter immersion(TPC)
重心高度Height of center
of Gravity 浮心高度Height of center of buoyancy
重心距船中距离Longitudinal distance of Center of
Gravity from Midship
浮心距船中距离Longitudinal
distance of Center of Buoyancy from Midship
漂心距船中距离Longitudinal distance of Center of
Floatation from Midship
初稳心Initial
Metacenter 初稳心半径Initial Metacentric radius
初稳心高度Initial Metacentric Height above Baseline
(KM)
初稳性高度(初重稳距)Initial Metacentric Height
横稳心高度曲线Transverse Metacentric height curve =
GM curve
自由液面Free Surface 自由液面修正值Free surface
correction
每厘米纵倾力矩Moment to Change trim per
centimeter
稳性力矩Stability Moment 稳性力臂Stability
Lever(最大)
横倾角Heeling angle 横倾力矩Heeling Moment
中拱Hogging 中垂Sagging
揽货Solicitation
Canvassion 收货Take delivery 交付Delivery
配载图Stowage planCargo plan 装载 Loading
卸载DischargeUnloading
过驳Lighting 搬运Handling
衬垫Dunnage 堆码Stowage绑扎Lashing
包装Package
隔票SegregationSeparation
直达货Direct cargoThrough
cargo 转船货Transshipment cargo
过境货Transit cargo
选港货Optional cargo
联运货Through Transport cargo =
Through cargo
吨税Tonnage dues 关税 Customs
duties 结关单Clearance certificate
保税库Bounded
storeBond room 关封Customs seal
件杂货Break bulk
cargo 件散货Neobulk cargo固体散货Solid bulk cargo
液体散货Liquid bulk cargo 冷藏货Refrigerated cargo
成组货Unitized cargo 托盘货Palletired cargo
计重货Weight cargo
有害货Noxious cargoHarmful cargo
舱容系数Coefficient of hold 容积吨Measurement ton
积载因数Stowage factor 包装容积Bale capacity
散装容积Bulk capacityGrain capacity
亏舱Broken
space Broken stowage
主标志Main mark 付标志Counter
mark 注意标志Notice mark
危险标志Dangerous mark
标签Label 标牌Placard 自然减量Tolerance
准备就绪通知书Notice of Readiness(NOR) 满舱满载Full and
down
溢卸Over-landedover-delivery 短卸Short-
landedShort-delivery
滞期Demurrage 速遣Dispatch
港口习惯Custom of port
习惯装卸速度Customary quick
dispatch (CQD)
晴天工作日Weather Working Day (WWD)
限期装船Prompt loading
船舶供应商Ship chandler
装卸工Stevedore 干舱证书Dry certificate
惰性气体Inert
Gas(IG) 原油洗舱Crude Oil Washing (COW)
顶装法Load
on Top(LOT) 保护位置Protective location(PL)
清洁压载舱Clean Ballast Tank(CBT)
专用(分隔)压载舱Segregated Ballast Tanks(SBT)
专用压载水舱系统Segregated Ballast water Tank
system(SBT)
除气驱气扫气(油轮卸货后把油舱残余油气消除到0.05%以下)Gas
Freeing
扫气置换Purging 污油水Slop 舱底水(垫水)Tank
bottom water
平舱Trimming 水尺检量Draught survey
排位Bay 层位Tier 列位Slot 混合货Mixed cargo 单件货Loose
cargo
箱主代号Container owner code 国家代号Container
country code
核对数字Check digit
集装箱货运站Container Freight Station(CFS)
集装箱堆场Container Yard(CY)
远离Away from
隔离Separated from
货舱隔离Separated by a complete
compartment or hold from
配装类Stowage category
包装类Packaging group
坠落试验Drop test 渗漏试验Leakage
test 堆装试验Stacking test
液压试验Hydraulic pressure
test 国际海事International Maritime
包装标号Packaging
code number 联合国编号UN number(United Nations)
组织类号Organization class IMO class
装货单Shipping order 收货单(大副收据)Mate’s receipt
装货清单Loading listCargo list 载货清单(舱单)Manifest
运费清单Freight manifest 危险品清单Dangerous cargo
list
批注清单Remark list 到货通知Arrival notice
提货单Delivery order
货物残损单Damage cargo list
货物查询单Cargo tracer
卸货报告Outturn report
过驳清单Cargo boat note
现场记录Record on spot 工厂交货Ex
works Ex factory Ex mill
车上交货Free on railFree
on truckex rail 船边交货Free Alongside Ship(FAS)
离岸价格(船上交货)Free on Board (FOB)
成本加运费价格Cost
and Freight (C&F)
到岸价格Cost Insurance and
Freight (CIF)
目的港船上交货Ex ship 目的港码头交货Ex quayEx
wharf Ex pier
信用证Letter of Credit(LC)
保函(LG)Letter of Guarantee (LI)Letter of
Indemnity Back Letter
运费Freight 基本运费Basic
Freight 附加运费 Additional charge
港口使费Terminal
charge 仓储费Storage charge
码头费Port Disbursement
Port dues Port charge
进出口许可Importexport
permit
行李自带行李LuggageCabin luggage
开航权Right
of sailing 公正权Right of Notary 违禁物品Prohibited
articles
不准入境Entrance prohibited 偷渡Stowaway
出走Walk away
海面搜寻协调船Surface Search Coordination
(CSS)
现场指挥On-Scene Commander(OSC)
救助协调中心Rescue Coordinator Center（RCC）
救助分中心Rescue Sub-Center (RSC) 救助单位Rescue Unit
(RU)
搜救区Search and Rescue Region (SRR)
搜寻半径Search Radius
遇险者Person in distress
鱼具Fishing gear 拖网Trawl 围网Purse
Seine流网作业Drift fishing
拖网作业Trawl
fishingtrawling 围网作业Surrounding fishing
对拖Twin trawling Pair trawling 单拖Otter
trawling
放起网Shooting Hauling net 沉船打捞Raising
of a wreck
浮筒打捞Raising with salvage Pontoons
沉船勘测Lifting by floating crane
潜水Driving
潜水员Driver 潜水服Driving suit
扫海Sweeping
障碍物探测Obstruction rounding
人工岛Artificial
Island 水产养殖Aquaculture 海上旅游区Sea Tourist area
海上自然保护区Marine natural Reserves
近岸设施Offshore Terminal
海上钻井架Drilling rigs at
sea 近海钻井作业Offshore drilling operation
钻井平台Drilling platform 海底管道Submarine pipeline
快速接头Quick release coupling 扫线 Hose sweeping
航 行 管 理 与 法 规
拘留权Right of
seizure 航行权Right of navigation
保护权Right of
protection 通行权Right of passage
内水Inland
watersInternal waters 内海Inner seaInternal sea
领海Territorial Sea Territorial waters 公海High
seaOpen sea
海峡Strait 沿海国Coastal state
海岸带Coastal zone 船旗国Flag state
港口国Port State
港口国管理Port State Control (PSC)
船籍港Home port
port of registration 方便旗Flag of convenience
港务海务监督当局HarborMarine Superintendence
Administration (HSAMSA
船舶管辖权Jurisdiction over
ship 国际惯例International custom and usage
最惠国待遇Most Favored Nation Treatment(MFNT)
提单Bill of lading (BL) 电子提单electronic bill of
lading
已装船提单On board bill of ladingShipped
bill of lading
直达提单Direct bill of lading
转船提单Tran(s)shipment bill of lading
联运提单Through bill of lading 清洁不清洁提单CleanFoul
bill of lading
记名不记名提单StraightBlank bill of
lading 指示提单Order BL
倒签提单Anti-dated BL
过期提单Stale BL 舱面货提单On deck BL
驾驶船舶过失Default in
navigation of the ship
管理船舶过失Default in
management of the ship
通航水域Navigable waters
绕航Deviation 延迟交货Delay in delivery
责任限制Limitation of liability
承运人Carrier
托运人Shipper 收货人Consignee 受货人Receiver
提单持有人Holder of BL 通知方Notify Party 船期表Sailing
schedule
提单转让Transfer of BL 首要(最高)条款Paramount
clause
谨慎处理Due diligence 除外(免责)条款Exception
clauseExemption Clause
时效Time barTime
limitation 散装货条款Bulk cargo clause
转船条款Tran(s)shipment clause 木材条款Timber clause
适航Seaworthiness 适货Cargo worthiness 地区条款Local
clause
海运单Seaway bill 船舶所有人Shipowner
船舶经营人Ship operator
实际承运人Actual carrier
承租人Charterer
航次租船Voyage Charter 光船租赁Bareboat
charter
定期期租Time charter 受载期 Laydays
解约日Cancelling date
装卸期限Laytimelaycan
装卸时间事实记录Laytime statement of fact
短装损失Damage
for short lift 适航吃水差Seaworthy trim
共同海损条款General average clause
交船(通常与下一租家签约)Delivery of vessel
还船(通常与上一租家解租)Redelivery of vessel
租期Period
of Hire 停租Off-Hire 转租Subletling Sub-chartering
海上救助Salvage at sea 人命救助Life salvage
弃船Abandonment of ship 保赔Protection and
Indemnity (P & I)
保险人Insurer Assurer
Underwriter 抛弃Jettison
单独海损Particular Average
(PA) 共同海损General Average (GA)
船级Class of ship
船级社Ship Classification Society Register of
Shipping
入级检验Classification Survey
验船师Surveyer
初次检验Initial Survey
定期检验Periodical Survey
年度检验Annual Survey
坞内检验Docking survey
特别检验Special Survey
临时检验Occasional Survey检验报告Survey report
港区Harbor area 港界Harbor LimitHarbor boundary
港章Port regulations
通航密集区Dense traffic zone
交通管制区 Traffic control zone
船舶交通管理(中心)Vessel
Traffic Service(Center)(VTS) 交通密Traffic density
强制引航Mandatory Pilotage Compulsory Pilotage
引航签证单Piotage form
漂浮物Floating substance
沉没物Sunk object 处置废物Disposal of waster
航迹分布Track distribution 交通流Traffic flow
交通量Traffic
限速Limiting speed 船舶报告系统Vessel
reporting system
初始最终报告Initial Final report
船位报告Position report
航行计划报告Sailing plan report
航次报告Voyage report
港口国管理检查Inspection of Port
State Control 海员证Seaman’s book
登轮检查Inspection
by boarding 船舶安全检查Ship safety inspection
船员证书Certificate of seafarer 船舶证书Ship
certificate海上资历Sea service
联合检查Joint
inspection 抄关Searching 海关Customs报关Declaration
退关Shut out 检疫Quarantine 熏舱Fumigation
除鼠Deratting
登陆证Landing PermitShore Pass
航行值班Navigation watch 停泊值班Harbor
watch实习生Cadet(第一次上船)
练习生(见习生)Apprentice
驾助Assistance officer
海事声明Sea Protest
海事报告Marine Accident Report 全损Total loss
海事调查Maritime Investigation 海洋污染Marine
pollution
扣押船舶Arrest of ship 拍卖船舶Auction of
ship
污油水舱Slop tank围油栏Oil FenceOil
boom有害物资Harmful substance
水 上
通 信
标准航海用语Standard Marine Navigational
Vocabulary(SMNV)
遇险呼叫程序Distress Call
Procedure船舶呼号Ship’s call sign
救生信号Life saving
signal 呼叫点Calling-in-point(CIP)
报告点Reporting
point 呼叫Calling识别Identify收妥Acknowledge
字母旗Alphabetical flag 数字旗Numeral
flag代旗Substitute flag
回答旗Code and answering
pendent Affirmative flagAnswering pennant
商船旗Merchant ship flag 公司旗House Flag挂满旗Full
dress
国旗EnsignNational ensign National flag
落旗致敬Dip to
下半旗Flag at halfmast
搜救业务Search and Rescue service(SAR service)
海上安全信息Maritime safety information (MSI)
遇险安全信息Distress Safety message
数字选择性呼叫Digital selective calling (DSC)
紧急安全通信Urgentsafety communication
全球海上遇险安全系统Global Maritime Distress and Safety
System(GMDSS)
国际海事卫星系统International
Maritime Satellite System(INMARSAT)
船舶地球站Ship
Earth Station(SES)
卫星紧急无线电示位标Satellite
Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon
---------------(Satellite EPIRB)
衰落fading
单工Simplex 双工Duplex 静噪Squelch 查询Polling
收悉照办Wilco 洪亮和清晰 Reading you loud and clear
糟糕 Bad 很差Poor 还可以Fair 不错挺好good 很好Excellent
Beaufort No. Wind speed Term Effects
Observed at sea
蒲福风力等级 风速 名称 海面征象
0
少于1 Calm无风 海平如镜
1 1~3 Light air软风
明显鳞状波纹；波峰无白沫
2 4~6 Light Breeze 轻风
较小小波；波纹明显；波峰未开花
3 7~10 Gentle Breeze微风
较大小波；波峰开花有稀疏白浪
4 11~16Moderate b’ze和风
小浪波长逐渐变长白浪稍多
5 17~21Fresh B’ze 清风
中浪;波长明显变长白浪很多偶有水雾
6 22~27StrongB’ze 强风
大浪;到处都是白沫浪头;往往有水雾
7 28~33Near gale 疾风
浪头高耸;开花浪白沫开始随风成串飞溅
8 34~40Gale 大风
中高浪;浪头开始开花翻滚白沫明显成串飞溅
9 41~47Stront gale烈风
高浪;白沫密集成串飞溅浪头开始上下
翻滚
10
48~55 Storm 狂风 非常高的浪大片大片的白沫密集地随风成
串飞溅;整个海面呈白色
11 56~63 Violent storm暴风
特高浪;海面沿风方向白沫弥漫;所有
浪头都被风吹成泡沫
12
64and over Hurricane 飓风 空中充满白沫和水雾;海面白茫茫
一片; 能见度严重受到影响
Classification No. Term
Visibility
级别 名称
能见距离
0 Dense fog 大雾 14
cable 链
1 Thick fog 浓雾
1cable 链
2 Fog 中雾
2.5Cables 链
3 Moderate fog 轻雾
12n.m.海里
4 Thin fog or mist 薄雾
1n.m.海里
5 Visibility poor 能见度不良
2n.m. 海里
6 Visibility moderate
中能见度 5n.m. 海里
7 Visibility good
好能见度 10n.m. 海里
8 Visibility
very good 良好能见度 30n.m. 海里
9
Visibility exceptional 极好能见度 Over 30n.m. 30海里以上
热带气旋名称（中心附近最大风力）
热带低压Tropical Depression
(TD 6~7级)
热带风暴Tropical Storm(TS 8~9级)
强热带风暴Severe Tropical Storm (STS 10~11级)
台风 Typhoon (12 and over 12级及以上)
浪级 名称
0无浪CalmGlassy
1微浪Calmrippled
2小浪小波Smooth Sea
3轻浪Slight sea
4中浪Moderate sea
5大浪Rough
sea
6巨浪Very rough sea
7狂浪High sea
8狂涛Very high sea
9怒涛Phenomenal sea
毛毛雨Drizzle 阵雨Shower 连续雨Continuous rain
间歇雨Intermittent rain 小雨 Light rain 中雨Moderate
rain
大雨 Heavy rain 暴雨Torrential rain
闪电Lightning 雷Thunder
雷暴Thunderstorm 龙卷Spout
雹Hail 雳Hare露Dew
雾轻雾海雾FogMistSea fog
备车Stand by engine(SBE) 完车Finished with
engine(FEW)
主机定速Ring offup engine 回到—度Ease to
---
照直走Steady as she goes 不要偏---Nothing to---
把---放在左右舷 Keep the ----on portstarboard side
舵灵吗？How does she answer? 舵灵Answer good
舵很慢Answer slow 舵不灵No answergood
走----度
Steer ----- 朝----走 Steer on---
放出锚链Pay out
the cable 刹住锚链hold on the cable
锚链放松Slack away
chain 锚链方向Where is the cable leading?
还有几节？How many shackles are left?
锚绞缠Anchor
fouled 锚抓牢Anchor brought up
绞---缆Heave on
---line ---缆收紧Pick up the slack on ---line
松
----缆 Slack away---line -----缆溜一溜 Check---line
-----缆上车Put ----line on winch
常见国家及其首都名称
阿根廷Argentina 布宜诺斯艾利斯 Buenos
Aires
澳大利亚Australia 堪培拉Canberra
比利时BelgiumBelgian 布鲁塞尔Brussels
巴西Brazil
巴西利亚Brasilia
缅甸Burma 仰光Rangoon
加拿大Canada
渥太华Ottawa
智利ChileChilean 圣地亚哥Santiago
丹麦Denmark 哥本哈根Copenhagen
埃及Egypt
开罗Cairo
法国France 巴黎Paris
芬兰Finland 赫尔辛基Helsinki
德国Germany
柏林Berlin
希腊GreeceGreek 雅典Athens
印度India 新德里New Dehil
印度尼西亚Indonesia
雅加达Jakarta
伊朗Iran 德黑兰Tehran
伊拉克Iraq
巴格达Baghdad
意大利Italy 罗马Rome
朝鲜Korea
平壤Pyongyang
韩国 south korea 首尔seoul
马来西亚malaysia Kuala Lumpur 吉隆坡
荷兰
Netherlands Amsterdam 阿姆斯特丹
菲律宾Philippines
Manila 马尼拉
波兰Poland Warsaw 华沙
葡萄牙Portugal
Lisbon 里斯本
西班牙Spain Madrid 马德里
瑞典Sweden
Stockholm 斯德哥尔摩
瑞士Switzerland Berne 伯尔尼
叙利亚Syria Damascus 大马士革
泰国Thailand
Bangkok 曼谷
俄罗斯Russian Moscow 莫斯科
英国United
kingdom (Briton ) London 伦敦
美国United states
(American ) Washington 华盛顿
越南Vietnam Hanoj
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