2018年5月Catti英语二级笔译真题翻译完整解析
曹文轩草房子-情人节活动主题
2018年5月CATII二级英语笔译真题
翻译实务部分
英译中
第一篇文章
Near Cambodia's Temple
Ruins a Devotion to Learning
走进破败的柬埔寨庙宇，感受学习的热情。
Millions of tourists
come here every year to visit the ancient ruins of
Angkor
Wat an influx that has helped transform
what once resembled a small laid-back
village
into a thriving and cosmopolitan town with
thumping nightlife and more
than 10000 hotel
rooms.
每年，都有数以百万计的游客造访吴哥窟，以观赏当地古老的历史遗迹，而这个游客聚居
之
地，也一改往日偏僻村落的闲适之常态，一举成为一座经济发展呈迅猛之势的国际化城镇。
一
万间宾馆客房拔地而起，赋予游客激情四射的夜生活。
But the explosion of
the tourism industry here has also done something
less
predictable. Siem Reap which had no
universities a decade ago is now Cambodia’s
second-largest hub for higher education after
the capital Phnom Penh.
但是，吴哥窟旅游业的爆棚式发展，也取得了某些
意料之外的成果。十年前，暹粒还是一片
学术的不毛之地，而今，暹粒已发展壮大成为柬埔寨第二大高等
教育中心，高等院校规模仅
次于首都金边。
The sons and daughters
of impoverished rice farmers flock here to work as
tour
guides receptionists bartenders and
waitresses. When their shifts are over they
study finance English and accounting.
来自贫困
稻农家的儿女们，一股脑地涌向暹粒。他们在这里要么做导游，要么从事接待工
作；要么做调酒师，从事
服务生的活计。每及轮班结束后，他们便会一头扎进金融、英语和
会计的学习之中。
The
establishment of five private universities here is
helping to transform the
work force in this
part of Cambodia. Employers say that English
proficiency is
rising and that workers who
attend universities stand out for their ability to
express themselves and make decisions. A
generation of students who would
otherwise
have had little hope to study beyond high school
are enduring grueling
schedules to get a
degree and pursue their dreams.
暹粒设立的五所私立大学，正为
改观当地的劳动人口推波助澜。老板们表示，员工的英语水
平正在飞跃，接受高等教育的员工能表达自己
的意愿，然后作出相应的决策，从而，也就容
易在职场中脱颖而出。这一代学生本未对在高中毕业后继续
深造寄予厚望，而现在，他们正
在努力地完成繁重的学业，以期获得学位，追寻梦想。
Khim Borin a 26-year-old tour guide by day and
law student by night says he
wants to become a
lawyer. But he sometimes has trouble staying awake
in class
during the high tourist season when
he spends hours scaling vertiginous temple
steps and baking in the tropical sun.
<
br>时年26岁的金?波林，白天做导游，晚上却是一名主修法律的学生。波林声称，他梦想成为
一名
律师。然而，在旅游的旺季，他每天都要爬上那令人晕眩的神庙台阶，且还不得不在热
带阳光的炙烤下暴
晒数个小时，这不免让他在晚间的课堂上心力交瘁。
But the symbiosis of
work and study here came together without any
master plan.
而在暹粒，工作与学习相得益彰，并无任何的总体规划。
It
was driven largely by supply and demand:
universities opened to cater to the
dreams of
Cambodia’s youth — and offered flexible hours in
sync with the
rhythms of the tourist industry.
供求关系是其中最主要的推动因素：开办大学就是要为柬埔寨的年轻人实现夙愿，按照旅游
业的
工作节奏，灵活地设置学习课时。
After graduation students who
work and study at the same time often have an edge
over fresh graduates who have never worked
before for whom starting a career can
be
difficult Ms. Chan and others say. University
students are “more
communicative” she said.
“If they don’t like something they speak out.”
陈女士和其他人皆表示，相较于那些没有工作经验的应届生，半工半读的学生往往在毕业后
有着更大的
优势，那些从未工作过的学生在其职业生涯的起始阶段总难免挫折。陈女士还认
为，“大学生‘与人交流
起来更加坦率’。对于不喜之事物，他们定会和盘托出。”
Ms. Chan and others
say they are lucky that Angkor’s temples have
proved so
popular with tourists. If it were
not for the sandstone structures nestled in
the jungles Siem Reap would probably have
remained a backwater. Last year
million
tourists visited Siem Reap half of them foreigners
according to the
Cambodian Ministry of
Tourism.
陈女士等人还说，吴哥窟神庙能如此地备受游客追捧，那是多么地幸运倍至。若不是
出于这
片丛林里的砂岩建筑群，暹粒可能仍然还是一个闭塞的小村落。据柬埔寨旅游部统计，去年
共计有330万游客造访暹粒，而其中一半的游客为外来人士。
英译中
第二篇文章
Faculty shortage could thwart
India's education dream
译家译文：师资短缺已成为印度教育梦的绊脚石
翻译解析：本标题的翻译主要集中在对单词thwart的准确释义上。翻译新手往往会字对字
进行翻译，而且对thwart的理解偏颇。Could thwart说明了Faculty
shortage对India's
education dream的直接影响。所以，既要避免字
对字，又要兼顾文采，还要译文传神。那
我认为可以抛开原文的语序限定，将thwart直接翻译为绊
脚石。从而，起到一箭三调的作
用。
At one of the better
colleges in India's capital there is just one
large room
for 140 faculty members to sit and
have a cup of tea or grade papers.
half show
up there aren't enough chairs
to work
译家译文：玛丽学院，作为印度首都新德里设施较好的学院之一，也只配备了一个大房间，
以供140名教工集体休憩或阅卷。“即便该房间只容留70名教职员工，那办公座椅也不够
用，”玛丽 学院的一位历史学教授阿明如是说。“在别无他处办公的窘境下，教员们该怎么
安心工作呀”
翻译解析：本段原文英语看似简短、平淡，实则暗藏的语义内容较为丰富。这就需要充分发
挥汉语的优势 ，对原文进行细致的解剖和深入的语言雕琢。首句：At one of the better
colleges in India's capital there is just one large room for 140 faculty members
to sit and have a cup of tea or grade papers. 本段理解主要集中在单词better，句
子there is just one large room和句子to sit and have a cup of tea的理解上。
Better 一定要翻译出较好的意思，而且根据上下文，要在译文进行增译处理。即：不仅仅要
翻译出较好，还得强 调是设施较好。否则不但体现不出既定的语境，而且还会为下一句的遣
词造句之顺利出场增加唐突性。句 子there is just one large room的理解，一定要翻译
出仅仅只配备有一个大房间。而句子to sit and have a cup of tea，其中的to sit可以
翻译为就坐，但这样显得译文过于平淡，如果将就坐和 喝茶一起来理解的话，无非就是休息
或者休憩。所以，have a cup of tea其实是可以做省译处理。后句和尾句：
show up there aren't enough chairs
is no other place to work. In this situation how do you expect teachers to work
这两句在理解上，难度都不算大。但还是有一些需要注意的地方，比如history
professor，千万不能翻译为历史教授，正确的理解为历史学教授。而尾句
other place to work. In this situation how do you expect teachers to work鉴于语
意的连贯性，可以将其一道整合起来理解，尽量避免字对字。
The lack of amenities for faculty members is not the only issue. After 30 years
at Mary College which is one of dozens administered by the University of Delhi
Ms. Amin makes the equivalent of
$$22000 a year - less than half of what some of her better students will make in
their first jobs. New opportunities offer not just more money for graduates but
also mobility and flexibility which are virtually unheard of for faculty at most
of India's colleges and universities.
译家译文：然而，印度教育所面临的问题不 仅仅是教员设施的不足。尽管，阿明女士在贵为
德里大学下设的其中之一所院校的玛丽学院已执教30载 ，但她的年薪只有22000美元。这
样的薪资还不及她执教过的那些得意门生们首份工作年薪的一半。 新的机遇不仅仅为大学毕
业生带来了更为丰厚的经济回报，而且还为工作赋予了流动性和灵活性，而这些 福利都是印
度大学教员们闻所未闻的。
翻译解析：本段原文英语依然延续了简洁的表达文风， 将教员与大学毕业生的收入进行了强
烈的对比。故，在对本段汉语译文的编织中，要尤其注意感情色彩的 铺陈和合理演绎。整句
看似形容结构很繁杂，其实主旨就一条，那就是印度教育所面临的问题不仅仅是教 员设施的
不足，还有收入回报悬殊的问题。本段几乎无语言难点，全文只需要抓住After 30 years
at Mary College which is one of dozens administered by the University of Delhi这
一句，并对其 进行合理的语言架构，突出句子暗含的感情色彩。一定要翻译出玛丽学院贵为
德里大学的下设院校，突出 玛丽学院的身份和优越性，从而进一步凸显主人公阿明案例的代
表性。把控好该段的核心要义，则整句的 遣词造句便是顺理成章，水到渠成。
All this means that
India is facing a severe shortage of faculty
members. But it
is not just low pay and lack
of facilities that are being blamed. According to
a
government report published last year a
massive expansion in higher education
combined
with a poor supply of PhD's delays in recruitment
and the lack of
incentives to attract and
nurture talent has led to a situation in which 40
percent of existing faculty positions remain
vacant. The report's authors mostly
academics
found that if the shortfall is calculated using
the class size
recommended by the government
this figure jumps to 54 percent.
译家译文：诸此种种，无不
意味着印度正遭遇着教工严重短缺的问题。但不能将其仅仅归咎
于薪资低廉和设施匮乏。根据去年发布的
一份政府报告，高等教育的大规模扩张，博士数量
的供不应求，加之招聘滞后与吸纳和培养人才激励措施
的缺乏。这一切致使现有教职工岗位
空缺率高达40％。该份政府报告的作者大多从事学术研究，他们研
究发现，如果按照印度政
府倡导的班级规模来计算话，则现有教职工岗位空缺率将骤增至54％。 翻译解析：本段虽然句子较为分散，但是语意很是连贯。详细讲述了造成师资短缺的根源。
本段语言
难点也较少，全文的难点在于According to a government report
published
last year a massive expansion in
higher education combined with a poor supply of
PhD's delays in recruitment and the lack of
incentives to attract and nurture
talent has
led to a situation in which
40 percent of
existing faculty positions remain vacant对这个长句的理解上。
鉴于该
句修饰成分较多，翻译的时候要拿捏好哪些是铺垫成分，哪些是句子的主干，而哪些是从
句。哪些是概括，哪些是解释成分。搞清楚句子的复杂结构，本句的翻译可谓峰回路转，柳
暗花明。学员
可以根据译文，来揣度这其中的深意。
Experts say this is the
clearest sign that India will fail to meet the
goal set
by the education minister who has
pledged to more than double the size of the
country's higher education system by 2020.
They say that while the ambition is
laudable
the absence of a long-term strategy to develop
faculty will ensure that
India's education
dream remains just that.
译家译文：专家们表示，这清晰地表明印度将难
以实现其教育部长所设定的目标，即承诺将
在2020年前使印度高等教育学生的数量翻一番。专家们一
致认为，虽然这一雄心壮志值得
嘉许，但由于缺乏培育教员的长期战略，印度的教育梦也只能是空想。
翻译解析：本段语言较为概括。本段语言难点也较少，难点在于对尾句They say that
while the ambition is laudable the absence of
a long-term strategy to develop
faculty will
ensure that India's education dream remains just
that的理解上。要揣
摩句子间的情感转折色彩，remains just
that在此可理解为搁浅或者空想。Mr.
Balakrishnan of Indian
institute of technology in Delhi meanwhile was
more
optimistic. He felt India could enroll as
much as 25 percent of eligible
students in
colleges and universities - about twice the
current figure - by the
end of this decade.
has happened in the last few years has taken
people out of their comfort zones.
There is
more consensus across the board that we need to
scale quality
education.
译家译文：而位于德里
的印度理工学院巴拉科瑞斯南先生则持更为乐观的态度。他认为，到
2020年，印度届时可从高等学府
招募到25%的优秀毕业生作为高教职工。这个比率约为现今
的两倍。“真实的变化正在进行，”巴拉科
瑞斯南先生如是说。“过去这几年间喋喋不休的
论辩结果就是人们已经走出了安乐窝。普及素质教育，已
然成为所有人的共识。”
翻译解析：本段应该算整篇文章的压轴段落。原文语言不仅精简，而且晦涩难
懂。还掺杂了
一些不太常用的表达。让人不得不佩服出题官的用心良苦。本段难点主要集中在词组
Comfort zones的准确释意和结尾两句The debate that has
happened in the last few
years has taken
people out of their comfort zones. There is more
consensus
across the board that we need to
scale quality education的理解。这两句我结合全文
进行了个性化的语言编织
，旨为翻译学员提供一种理解维度。
中英
第一篇
200
0多年前，亚欧大陆上勤劳勇敢的人民，探索出多条连接亚欧非几大文明的贸易和人文交
流通路，后人将
其统称为“丝绸之路”。千百年来，“和平合作、开放包容、互利共赢”的
丝绸之路精神薪火相传，极大
地促进了沿线各国繁荣发展。
More than two millennia ago the
valiant and industrious people from Eurasia have
explored several routes for trade and people-
to-people exchanges lixxxxnking the
major
civilizations of Asia Europe and Africa which are
collectively called the
Silk Road by later
generations. For thousands of years the Silk Road
Spirit of
situations
prosperity and
development of those countries along the Silk
Road.
进入21世纪，面对复苏乏力的全球经济形势，纷繁复杂的国际和地区局面，传承和弘扬丝
绸之路精神更显重要。“一带一路”建设是一项系统工程，要坚持共商、共建、共享原则，
积极
推进沿线国家发展战略的相互对接。“一带一路”致力于亚欧非大陆及附近海洋的互联
互通，建立和加强
沿线各国互联互通伙伴关系，构建全方位、多层次互联互通网络，实现沿
线各国多元、自主、平衡、可持
续的发展。“一带一路”的互联互通项目将发掘区域内市场
的潜力，促进投资和消费，创造需求和就业，
增进沿线各国人民的人文交流。
In the 21st century it is more
important for the Silk Road Spirit to be
inherited and expanded in face of the weak
recovery of the world economy and
complex
international as well as regional situations. In
the principle of shared
deliberation actively
promoting mutual docking of Development Strategies
along
the Silk Road will be a pressing matter
of the moment now that “the Belt and
Road
Initiative” is a systematic project.
“一带一路”的互
联互通项目将发掘区域内市场的潜力，促进投资和消费，创造需求和就
业，增进沿线各国人民的人文交流
。
The Belt and Road Initiative aims to promote
the connectivity of Asian European
and African
continents as well as their adjacent seas
establish and strengthen
partnerships among
the countries along the Belt and Road establish
all-
dimensional and multi-tiered connectivity
networks so as to achieve diversified
independent balanced and sustainable
development of all these countries. The
connectivity projects of “the Belt and Road
Initiative” will tap potential of
regional
market improve investment and consumption create
demands and
employments and enhance people-to-
people exchanges among all relevant countries.
中英
第二篇
2016年，中国的一个三口之家的碳排放量平
均为吨。目前，这个数字已升至吨。而在北京、
上海、广州等大城市，每个家庭的平均碳排放量已接近1
0吨。碳汇(Carbon Sink)主要是指
森林吸收并储存二氧化碳的能力。森林是陆地生态系统
中最大的碳汇库。在降低大气中温室
气体浓度、减缓全球气候变暖中具有十分重要的独特作用。
In 2016 the carbon emission of a family with
three members in China averaged
tons but now
it has risen to tons. In metropolises such as
Beijing Shanghai and
Guangzhou and so on the
average carbon emission of each household is close
to 10
tons. Carbon Sink function refers to the
capability that a forest absorbs and
stores
carbon dioxides as forests are the largest carbon
sinks of the
terrestrial ecosystem which play
an important and unique role in reducing the
concentration of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere and reliving global warming.
据统计数字，
每人每年只需要种3棵树，就可以吸收个人当年排放的二氧化碳。目前中国正
在开展公众可参加的碳汇林
项目，如将建四川大熊猫栖息地的熊猫碳汇林项目等。作为碳排
放大户的一些企业也已行动起来，先后在
全国十多个省区建碳汇林60多万公顷。中国将推
广购买碳汇、种植碳汇林等行动，加快植树造林步伐，
增加森林碳汇功能。
As the statistics indicate that a
person only plants three trees per year
capable of absorbing the carbon dioxide heshe
has emitted into the atmosphere.
At present
China is developing the carbon sink projects allow
the public to
participate in for instance the
carbon sink project is built for the Sichuan
Giant Panda Sanctuaries. And accordingly as
major carbon emitters some
enterprises have
also taken actions to plant more than 600000
hectares of carbon
sink forests in a dozen
provinces and regions around China. China will
promote
the purchase of carbon sinks and
plantation of carbon sink forests so as to
speed up afforestation and perfect the
function of forest carbon sink.