英语六级阅读理解试题库及答案(14).doc
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2019年英语六级阅读理解试题库及答案（14）
In Brazil,
the debate over genetically modified organisms, or
GMOs, affects mostly soybean production.
Brazil is the world’s
second largest producer
of soybeans behind the United States and
ahead
of Argentina. Most European and Asian retailers
want to
remain GM free.
Non-
governmental organizations (NGOs) in Brazil are
going on
a media offensive to prevent the
legalization of genetically modified
crops.
Environmentalists and consumer groups for years
have been
able to thwart government and
companies’ attempts to legalize
altered food.
In radio dramas that are being broadcast in remote
regions, Brazilian NGOs are telling soy
farmers the use of
genetically modified seeds
could endanger their health, their fields
and
their business. We are not saying that genetic
engineering is, in
principle, something bad;
we say that we need more science to be
sure
that it will work in an appropriate way with no
harm in the
future, said campaign coordinator
Jean-Marc von der Weid. This is
both for
health and environmental reasons. The other
question is on
economics. What we think is
that in Brazil, if we approve the GMOs,
we
will lose a spectacular advantage that we have
now. We are
selling more to the international
market, mostly for Europe and Asia,
than we
have done in our history, because we are not GMO
contaminated.
Another opposition
group, ActionAid, has been organizing
grass-
roots support in Brazilian farming regions to
rouse consumer
sentiment against legalization.
ActionAid public policy director
Adriano
Campolina says he is fighting for farmers to
remain
independent. When the small-scale
farmer or a big farmer starts
using this kind
of seed, this farmer will be completely dependent
on
the transnationals, which control
intellectual property rights over
these seeds,
he said.
Brazilian scientist Crodowaldo
Pavan said there should be
checks on what
multinationals can do, but that doesn’t mean GM
seeds should be banned. He says fears over
their usage are
unfounded. Despite the
official ban, Dr. Pavan says up to one third
of Brazil’s soy crop is genetically modified,
because GM seed is
being smuggled from
Argentina. Brazil’s government has invested
heavily in a GM project by the U.S. biotech
company, Monsanto, but
the project was put on
ice following a successful court challenge by
consumers.
The anti-GMO groups are
hoping the politicians’ preoccupation
with the
October presidential election will give them time
to gather
enough support to defeat any future
attempts to legalize genetically
altered
crops.
1. According to the passage,
the issue in dispute in Brazil is
___________.
[A] contamination of the environment by
genetically modified
crops
[B] Brazils
standing in the international market
[C]
the October presidential election
[D] the
legalization of genetically modified organisms
2. According to the passage, Brazil is the
worlds _____________
soybean producer.
[A] largest
[B] second largest
[C]
third largest
[D] fourth largest
3.
Which of the following statements is NOT true
about NGOs in
Brazil?
[A] They believe
genetically modified crops will harm the
farmers health.
[B] They believe
genetic engineering is altogether a bad practice.
[C] They believe scientific methods should
be introduced to
ensure GM brings no harm.
[D] They believe GMOs will harm Brazil
economically.
4. Which of the following
statements is true about the
organization called ActionAid?
[A] They encourage the farmers to produce
genetically modified
products.
[B] They
encourage the farmers to depend on themselves for
seeds.
[C] They strongly support the
legalization of genetically
modified products.
[D] They encourage the farmers to upgrade
their farms to bigger
ones.
5. What
does the Brazilian scientist Crodowaldo Pavan say
about
genetically modified products?
[A] Genetically modified seeds should be banned.
[B] Brazil government should crack down on
the smuggling of
genetically modified seeds.
[C] The fear over the use of genetically
modified seeds is
uncalled for.
[D]
Consumers should file more law suits to protect
their rights.
答案及解析
1. 答案是[D] the
legalization of genetically modified organisms
解析： 本文介绍的是巴西的一些民间组织如何反对转基因作
物。他们从转基因产品对环
境的污染，对农户身体的损害，以及
对巴西经济的影响出发，反对政府将转基因作物合法化。文章主
要介绍的是Non-governmental organizations (NGOs
)和ActionAid
两个组织。作者在文章末尾也介绍了一些其他的立场。例如巴西
科学家
Crodowaldo Pavan，他认为不能简单地将转基因作物一棍
子打死。过分的担忧是没有必
要的。政府即使禁止转基因作物，
也有从阿根廷走私过来的种子，这使得巴西三分之一的作物实际
上都是转基因的。巴西政府本来投资准备和美国的生化公司
Monsanto合作，但是因为
消费者起诉并打赢了官司，该项目
只能束之高阁。反对转基因作物的组织还打算在10月的总统大
选前对政客们施加压力，准备将反对转基因作物的斗争进行到
底。
2.
答案是[B] second largest
解析：相关内容在文章开头: Brazil
is the world’s second largest
producer of
soybeans behind the United States and ahead of
Argentina. 巴西为世界上第二大大豆生产国。仅次于美国，位居
阿根廷之前。
3. 答案是[B] They believe genetic engineering
is altogether a
bad practice.
解析：文章第二段介绍的是NGO的立场。作者引用NGO负
责人Jean-Marc von der
Weid 的话说，We are not saying that
genetic
engineering is, in principle, something bad; we
say that we
need more science to be sure that
it will work in an appropriate way
with no
harm in the future, said campaign coordinator
Jean-Marc
von der Weid. This is both
for health and environmental reasons. (我
们并不是说转
基因工程不好;我们的立场是，需要用科学方法来
确保它不会在将来对环境造成危害。这主要是出于对环
境和健康
的考虑。)四个选项中只有[B]不符合NGO的立场。
4. 答案是[B]
They encourage the farmers to depend on
themselves for seeds.
解析：文章第三段介绍的是另一个反对
组织，ActionAid。它
也同样反对降转基因作物合法化。它号召巴西的农户不要依靠跨
国公司作为种子的来源，否则就会被牢牢地控制住，失去自主权。
5. 答案是[C] The
fear over the use of genetically modified
seeds is uncalled for.
解析：文章第四段有如下内容:
Brazilian scientist Crodowaldo
Pavan said
there should be checks on what multinationals can
do,
but that doesn’t mean GM seeds should be
banned. He says fears
over their usage are
unfounded.巴西科学家Crodowaldo
Pavan认为
应该对跨国公司实行一定的监督, 但是不能对转基因作物全盘
否定。他说，担
心转基因作物的危害，是没有根据的(unfounded)。
这和[C]的叙述相符合。
注释 Notes
soybean n.大豆 retailer n.零售商人,传播的人
offensive n. 攻
击 legalization n.合法化,公认 thwart
vt.反对,阻碍,横过
spectacular a.公开展示的,惊人的
contaminate vt.弄污,弄脏,染污,传染,毒害
grass-roots 由乡间民间来进行的; 一般民众的;
a.一般民众的,
由乡间民间来进行的
sentiment
n.感情,感伤,情操,情趣,感想,意见; 情绪
unfounded a.无理由的;
无稽的 smuggle vt.偷运,走私,私运 be
put on ice
(美国俚语)被束之 preoccupation n.先取,先入成见,偏见,
出神