八年级上册地理复习提纲-洛阳师范学院分数线

2018年上半年CATTI英语二级笔译实务真题
(总分：100.00，做题时间：120分钟)
一、英译汉(总题数：2，分数：50.00)
1.
英译汉 Passage 1
Near Cambodia's Temple Ruins, a Devotion to Learning
Millions of tourists come here every year to visit the ancient ruins of Angkor Wat, an
influx that has helped transform what once resembled a small, laid-back village into a
thriving and cosmopolitan town with thumping nightlife and more than 10,000 hotel rooms.
But the explosion of the tourism industry here has also done something less predictable.
Siem Reap, which had no universities a decade ago, is now Cambodia’s second-largest hub for
higher education, after the capital, Phnom Penh.
The sons and daughters of impoverished rice farmers flock here to work as tour guides,
receptionists, bartenders and waitresses. When their shifts are over, they study finance,
English and accounting.
The establishment of five private universities here is helping to transform the work force
in this part of Cambodia. Employers say that English proficiency is rising and that workers
who attend universities stand out for their ability to express themselves and make
decisions. A generation of students who would otherwise have had little hope to study beyond
high school are enduring grueling schedules to get a degree and pursue their dreams.
Khim Borin, a 26-year-old tour guide by day and law student by night, says he wants to
become a lawyer. But he sometimes has trouble staying awake in class during the high tourist
season, when he spends hours scaling vertiginous temple steps and baking in the tropical
sun.
But the symbiosis of work and study here came together without any master plan.
It was driven largely by supply and demand: universities opened to cater to the dreams of
Cambodia’s youth — and offered flexible hours in sync with the rhythms of the tourist
industry.
After graduation, students who work and study at the same time often have an edge over fresh
graduates who have never worked before, for whom starting a career can be difficult, Ms.
Chan and others say. University students are “more communicative,” she said. “If they
don’t like something, they speak out.”
Ms. Chan and others say they are lucky that Angkor’s temples have proved so popular with
tourists. If it were not for the sandstone structures nestled in the jungles, Siem Reap
would probably have remained a backwater. Last year, 3.3 million tourists visited Siem Reap,
half of them foreigners, according to the Cambodian Ministry of Tourism.（分数：25.00）

__________________________________ __________________________________________________ ______
正确答案：(
走进破败的柬埔寨庙宇，感受学习的热情。
每年，都有数以百万计的游客造访吴哥窟，以观赏当地古老的历史遗迹，而这个游客聚居之地，也一改往日偏僻村落的闲适之常态，一举成为一座经济发展呈迅猛之势的国际化城镇。一万间宾馆客房拔地而起，赋予游客激情四射的夜生活。
但是，吴哥窟旅游业的爆棚式发展，也取得了某些意料之外的成果。 十年前，暹粒还是一片学术的不毛之
地，而今，暹粒已发展壮大成为柬埔寨第二大高等教育中心，高等院 校规模仅次于首都金边。
来自贫困稻农家的儿女们，一股脑地涌向暹粒。他们在这里要么做导游，要么 从事接待工作；要么做调酒
师，从事服务生的活计。每次轮班结束后，他们便会一头扎进金融、英语和会 计的学习之中。
暹粒设立的五所私立大学，正为改观当地的劳动人口推波助澜。老板们表示，员工的英 语水平正在飞跃，
接受高等教育的员工能表达自己的意愿，然后作出相应的决策，从而，也就容易在职场 中脱颖而出。这一
代学生本未对在高中毕业后继续深造寄予厚望，而现在，他们正在努力地完成繁重的学 业，以期获得学
位，追寻梦想。
时年26岁的金•波林，白天做导游，晚上却是一名主修法律 的学生。波林声称，他梦想成为一名律师。然
而，在旅游的旺季，他每天都要爬上那令人晕眩的神庙台阶 ，且还不得不在热带阳光的炙烤下暴晒数个小
时，这不免让他在晚间的课堂上心力交瘁。
而在暹粒，工作与学习相得益彰，并无任何的总体规划。
供求关系是其中最主要的推动因素： 开办大学就是要为柬埔寨的年轻人实现夙愿，按照旅游业的工作节
奏，灵活地设置学习课时。
陈女士和其他人皆表示，相较于那些没有工作经验的应届生，半工半读的学生往往在毕业后有着更大的优
势，那些从未工作过的学生在其职业生涯的起始阶段总难免挫折。陈女士还认为，“大学生‘与人交流起
来更加坦率’。对于不喜之事物，他们定会和盘托出。”
陈女士等人还说，吴哥窟神庙能如此地备受游 客追捧，那是多么地幸运倍至。若不是出于这片丛林里的砂
岩建筑群，暹粒可能仍然还是一个闭塞的小村 落。据柬埔寨旅游部统计，去年共计有330万游客造访暹
粒，而其中一半的游客为外来人士。
)
解析：
2.
英译汉 Passage 2
Faculty shortage could thwart India's education dream
At one of the better colleges in India's capital, there is just one large room for 140
faculty members to sit and have a cup of tea or grade papers.

aren't enough chairs,
work. In this situation, how do you expect teachers to work?
The lack of amenities for faculty members is not the only issue. After 30 years at Mary
College, which is one of dozens administered by the University of Delhi, Ms. Amin makes the
equivalent of $$22,000 a year - less than half of what some of her better students will
make in their first jobs. New opportunities offer not just more money for graduates but also
mobility and flexibility, which are virtually unheard of for faculty at most of India's
colleges and universities.
All this means that India is facing a severe shortage of faculty members. But it is not just
low pay and lack of facilities that are being blamed. According to a government report
published last year, a massive expansion in higher education combined with a poor supply of
PhD's, delays in recruitment and the lack of incentives to attract and nurture talent has
led to a situation in which 40 percent of existing faculty positions remain vacant. The
report's authors, mostly academics, found that if the shortfall is calculated using the
class size recommended by the government, this figure jumps to 54 percent.
Experts say this is the clearest sign that India will fail to meet the goal set by the
education minister, who has pledged to more than double the size of the country's higher
education system by 2020. They say that while the ambition is laudable, the absence of a
long-term strategy to develop faculty will ensure that India's education dream remains just
that.
Mr. Balakrishnan of Indian institute of technology in Delhi, meanwhile, was more optimistic.
He felt India could enroll as much as 25 percent of eligible students in colleges and
universities - about twice the current figure - by the end of this decade.
are happening,
people out of their comfort zones. There is more consensus across the board that we need to
scale quality education.（分数：25.00）

_________________________________________ _________________________________________________
正确答案：(
师资短缺已成为印度教育梦的绊脚石
玛丽学院，作为印度首都新德里 设施较好的学院之一，也只配备了一个大房间，以供140名教工集体休憩
或阅卷。“即便该房间只容留 70名教职员工，那办公座椅也不够用，”玛丽学院的一位历史学教授阿明
如是说。“在别无他处办公的 窘境下，教员们该怎么安心工作呀？”
然而，印度教育所面临的问题不仅仅是教员设施的不足。尽管， 阿明女士在贵为德里大学下设的其中之一
所院校的玛丽学院已执教30载，但她的年薪只有22,000 美元。这样的薪资还不及她执教过的那些得意门
生们首份工作年薪的一半。新的机遇不仅仅为大学毕业生 带来了更为丰厚的经济回报，而且还为工作赋予
了流动性和灵活性，而这些福利都是印度大学教员们闻所 未闻的。
诸此种种，无不意味着印度正遭遇着教工严重短缺的问题。但不能将其仅仅归咎于薪资低廉和 设施匮乏。
根据去年发布的一份政府报告，高等教育的大规模扩张，博士数量的供不应求，加之招聘滞后 与吸纳和培
养人才激励措施的缺乏。这一切致使现有教职工岗位空缺率高达40％。该份政府报告的作者 大多从事学

术研究，他们研究发现，如果按照印度政府倡导的班级规模来计算话，则现有 教职工岗位空缺率将骤增至
54％。
专家们表示，这清晰地表明印度将难以实现其教育部长所 设定的目标，即承诺将在2020年前使印度高等
教育学生的数量翻一番。专家们一致认为，虽然这一雄 心壮志值得嘉许，但由于缺乏培育教员的长期战
略，印度的教育梦也只能是空想。
而位于德里 的印度理工学院巴拉科瑞斯南先生则持更为乐观的态度。他认为，到2020年，印度届时可从
高等学府 招募到25%的优秀毕业生作为高教职工。这个比率约为现今的两倍。“真实的变化正在进行，”
巴拉科 瑞斯南先生如是说。“过去这几年间喋喋不休的论辩结果就是人们已经走出了安乐窝。普及素质教
育，已 然成为所有人的共识。”
)
解析：
二、汉译英(总题数：2，分数：50.00)
3.2000多年前，亚欧大陆上勤劳勇敢的 人民，探索出多条连接亚欧非几大文明的贸易和人文交流通路，
后人将其统称为“丝绸之路”。千百年来 ，“和平合作、开放包容、互利共赢”的丝绸之路精神薪火相
传，极大地促进了沿线各国繁荣发展。 < br>进入21世纪，面对复苏乏力的全球经济形势，纷繁复杂的国际和地区局面，传承和弘扬丝绸之路精神更< br>显重要。“一带一路”建设是一项系统工程，要坚持共商、共建、共享原则，积极推进沿线国家发展战略< br>的相互对接。“一带一路”致力于亚欧非大陆及附近海洋的互联互通，建立和加强沿线各国互联互通伙伴< br>关系，构建全方位、多层次互联互通网络，实现沿线各国多元、自主、平衡、可持续的发展。“一带一路”的互联互通项目将发掘区域内市场的潜力，促进投资和消费，创造需求和就业，增进沿线各国人民的人文交流。
“一带一路”的互联互通项目将发掘区域内市场的潜力，促进投资和消费，创造需求 和就业，增进沿线
各国人民的人文交流。（分数：25.00）

________ __________________________________________________ ________________________________
正确答案：(
More than two millennia ago, the valiant and industrious people from Eurasia have explored
several routes for trade and people-to-people exchanges linking the major civilizations of
Asia, Europe and Africa, which are collectively called the Silk Road by later generations.
For thousands of years, the Silk Road Spirit of
inclusiveness, mutual benefit and win-win situations
generation, greatly promoting both prosperity and development of those countries along the
Silk Road.
In the 21st century, it is more important for the Silk Road Spirit to be inherited and
expanded in face of the weak recovery of the world economy and complex international as well
as regional situations. In the principle of shared deliberation, actively promoting mutual
docking of Development Strategies along the Silk Road will be a pressing matter of the
moment now that “the Belt and Road Initiative” is a systematic project.

The Belt and Road Initiative aims to promote the connectivity of Asian, European and African
continents as well as their adjacent seas, establish and strengthen partnerships among the
countries along the Belt and Road, establish all-dimensional and multi-tiered connectivity
networks, so as to achieve diversified, independent, balanced and sustainable development of
all these countries. The connectivity projects of “the Belt and Road Initiative” will tap
potential of regional market, improve investment and consumption, create demands and
employments, and enhance people- to-people exchanges among all relevant countries.
)
解析：
4.2016年，中国的一个三口之家的碳排放量平均为2.7吨。目前 ，这个数字已升至3.5吨。而在北京、
上海、广州等大城市，每个家庭的平均碳排放量已接近10吨。 碳汇(Carbon Sink)主要是指森林吸收并储
存二氧化碳的能力。森林是陆地生态系统中最大 的碳汇库。在降低大气中温室气体浓度、减缓全球气候变
暖中具有十分重要的独特作用。
据统 计数字，每人每年只需要种3棵树，就可以吸收个人当年排放的二氧化碳。目前中国正在开展公众可
参加 的碳汇林项目，如将建四川大熊猫栖息地的熊猫碳汇林项目等。作为碳排放大户的一些企业也已行动
起来 ，先后在全国十多个省区建碳汇林60多万公顷。中国将推广购买碳汇、种植碳汇林等行动，加快植
树造 林步伐，增加森林碳汇功能。（分数：25.00）

_________________ __________________________________________________ _______________________
正确答案：(
In 2016, the carbon emission of a family with three members in China averaged 2.7 tons, but
now, it has risen to 3.5 tons. In metropolises such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou and
so on, the average carbon emission of each household is close to 10 tons. Carbon Sink
function refers to the capability that a forest absorbs and stores carbon dioxides
as forests are the largest carbon sinks of the terrestrial ecosystem, which play an
important and unique role in reducing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere and reliving global warming.
As the statistics indicate that a person only plants three trees per year capable of
absorbing the carbon dioxide heshe has emitted into the atmosphere. At present, China is
developing the carbon sink projects allow the public to participate in, for instance, the
carbon sink project is built for the Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries. And accordingly, as
major carbon emitters, some enterprises have also taken actions to plant more than 600,000
hectares of carbon sink forests in a dozen provinces and regions around China. China will
promote the purchase of carbon sinks and plantation of carbon sink forests, so as to speed
up afforestation and perfect the function of forest carbon sink.
)
解析：