基础英语1999(Word版本)
文章一家三口-课后反思
八、北京师范大学1991年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
I．Grammar 25%
A. Insert articles where
necessary in the blanks in the following passage.
（5%）
The study of language can be
interesting, stimulating and rewarding. There is
no other
subject which has such direct
relevance to your everyday life and whose benefits
can be readily
seen in quality of your
existence. You had already worked out systems of
language for
communicating with others,
especially to get what you wanted, before you came
to formal
education. The fact that you said
“buyed” instead of “bought”at age of three
was not
reflection of your
incompetence, but indication that you had
already begun to
work out sound for
past tense of verb ,only to be thwarted by
nature of English language in
having so many irregular forms.
Already
today, as you read this, you will have used your
language in a variety of ways for
variety of purposes. You will have spoken to your
friends at college in different
way
from way you spoke at breakfast time
at home. If you have already had to
do some
written work, you will have used different
form of your language from that
accepted in
group, discussion. Nor does . versatility in
your uses of language end
there. You will know
yourself that you are capable of using variety
of language structures
and range of
vocabulary according to your audience and
impression you want
to give and response
you want to elicit. Similarly you will have
mastered how to respond
to language use,
whether written or spoken. You will have
established for yourself, possibly
intuitively, means of assessing when
remark is to be taken seriously or humorously or
when person is being friendly or matter-
of-fact or hostile. Sometimes person you
know well does not have to utter
complete statement for you to know what is meant,
and
conversely you may sometimes pick up
wrong signal and misunderstand person
because of choice of word or
stress given to a syllable.
B. Insert in
each blank in the following sentences with the
most appropriate
form of the verb given in
the brackets （10%）
1. New Orleans __
(found)in 1718 as a French fortification near the
mouth of the
Mississippi River. It now
__ （rank）as the second busiest port in America.
2. By 2000,scientists surely （discover）a
cure for the common cold.
3. I should very
much like to have gone to that party of theirs,
but I （not, invite）.
4. If the tall
young man （use）an adding machine properly, he
would still have
been working there.
5. It is important that course design
（relate）to a particular social context and
the aims of particular students.
6. In
order to avoid __ （make） mistakes in subject-
verb agreement, you must be
able
（recognize）the difference between singular and
plural subjects.
7. Saying that we don't
need （teach） grammar is like
（say）that you
can have a chicken
（walk）around without bones.
8. That little
girl had a narrow escape, She （hit）by a
car if her father （pull）
her out of the
street.
9. A: Carlos has been trying
（start）that engine for nearly an hour.
B: In that case, why doesn't he try
（change）the sparking plugs.
10. A prefix is
a combination of letters （place）before a
word or word root to
modify its
meaning. A suffix is a combination of letters
（add）at the end of a
word or word root
to indicate the function of the word in a sentence
or to form a new
word.
C. Correct
the mistakes in the following sentences.（Cross out
the wrong parts and put the
correction just
above them. ） （10%）
1. Once the
police was called, the riot was brought under
control quickly.
2. A great many
educators firmly believe that English is one of
the poorest taught subjects in
high schools
today.
3. People say him to be an honest
boy.
4. No matter how good my paintings
are, I am conscious that they may be having
unacceptable imperfections.
5. He had
spent months to build his fiber-glass boat, and
now that it was ready, he
wanted all
his friends to come and saw it.
6. Every year
a large percentage of the profits from the college
plays are given to the
scholarship fund
for drama students.
7. Some Italian
scholars stressed the study of grammar, rhetoric,
learning about history
and poetry.
8. Henry Burson gave such a stirred performance
that the audience stood up and clapped
for five minutes.
9. So as to make sure
of their usage, I looked up these words in the
dictionary.
10. Sewing, knitting, and weaving
are her favourite hobbies; in fact busy as she is,
either
activity is usually included in her
daily life.
I1. Vocabulary （20%）
A. Fill in each blank with an appropriate word or
phrase given below.
EACH WORD OR PHRASE
IS USED ONCE ONLY. （5%）
futile, go a
long way, grip, innate, derived, jeopardize,
submissiye, inevitable,
spontaneously, probes
1. People in some
countries today are fond of saying that only two
things are :death
and taxes.
2. Some scientists believe that the ability to
learn a language is rather than
learned.
3. My mother always advised
me, “Be firm but not aggressive; be polite but
not .”
4. A good scientist
into all aspects of a problem in order to find
solutions.
5. A person who is truly
kind does thoughtful things for others
,without having
to be asked or reminded.
6. The ritualized greetings used today are
probably from the primitive gestures
of prehistoric human beings.
7. Max had
been working so hard that he decided to take a
vacation, even though he
knew he
might his chance of doing well on the
upcoming examination
8. Tan's behavior
became stranger every day until he seemed to
completely lose his
on
reality.
9. John is intelligent,
hardworking and honest, He should in his
profession.
10. I have tried for a
number of years to get my father to buy a new
bike, but my attempts
have been he
just won't part with his old one.
B ．Read the definition in Column A, then
circle the word in Column B that
best fits
the definition. （10%）
Example: 1. agree to
usually ascend (consent) deliver rustic
（A） （B）
1.
briefness, shortness height cut length
brevity renown
2. rejoicing, exulting
dedicate enjoy giddy solemn jubilant
3. annul, repeal aid consent
nullify repeat annihilate
4. diverge,
digress repel progress repeat
deviate hesitate
5. thwart, baffle
divide fierce change stop frustrate
6. skillful, nimble
modest creative unskilled deft mature
7. captivate, fascinate enthrall
entangle charge archaic control
8.
sickness, illness bedlam malady
recovery health mutation
9. arrange data
harmony purpose form design tabulate
10.
indifferent, languid energetic serene
heavy listless cheerful
11. return to health
hope recuperate reiterate reenlist regain
12. of or like a college campus
quarry collegiate collector connect
13.
foreign alienate different
unusual ornamental exotic
14. rise and fall
equal limit accuse attribute fluctuate
15.
at ease in talking alert affable
polite beautiful courageous
16. reflect,
consider speculate deplore
enlarge estimate compile
17. occupy wholly
enrol include encompass engross surround
18. disperse, scatter dispel
compel defeat deviat pervade
19. fill with
energy vital evoke profit
invigora inspire
20. obstinate, headstrong
genteel lazy mediocre dogged eccentric
C. Write a definition or synonym of the
underlined word it appears in context. （5%）
1. About ten years ago, I decided not to complete
high school; in retrospect, I believe
that was a bad decision.
felt
that the situation was hopeless, and the futility
of his efforts bothered him a
great deal.
3. Bob is considered an autocratic
administrator because he makes decisions without
see-
king the opinions of others.
4. It is difficult to list all of John's
attributes because he has so many different
talents
and abilities
5.
This apple appeased my hunger temporarily, but I
could still eat a big dinner.
III. Reading Comprehension （25%）
Read
the following extract and answer the questions
attached.
The facts of our situation
should appear abundantly plain. No one can doubt
that man-
kind could destroy itself in the
suicide-pact of a nuclear war. Yet those same
powers of de-
struction can be turned to
industrial uses and to the benefit of the human
race. Almost as se-
rious as the nuclear
explosion is the population explosion. How are
4,000,000,000 people
going to co-exist
twenty years from now? Unless we read aright the
lessons of the Past, ap-
ply the science
and technology of the Present and plan, with
wisdom, for the Future, we
shall not find
the answer.
That answer cannot lie in
Space excursions. No one can, nor would want to,
curb the
restless outreaching curiosity of
Man. It is true that, throughout all history,
nations have di-
verted their material
surpluses to military adventures, to destruction
and killing. And if man-
kind could
conceivably find a common purpose in Space
enterprises, it might be a rational
alternative to wars, but it ought to be a
common purpose, not a competitive one--not
„throwing
Pyramids into Space‟ at the expense
of our own backyard.
But the real
answer must lie here, on our own planet. Our
civilisation is now global,
patterned with
diverse cultures, ideologies and ways of life,
but, in terms of material survival
and
interdependence, inescapably one. We have seen, in
this book, how a procession of
civilisations
perished and were succeeded by others, which
salvaged the enduring values of
the
predecessors. Mistakes were made on a local or
regional scale, but now they can be made
on a
global scale.
Ever since primeval Man made his
first tools, harvested his first crops so that he
was no
longer dependent on an elusive food-
supply and stored his grains so that he was no
longer
constrained by the seasons, the
generations of mankind have been struggling to
master their
environment. To mere
survival have been added the opportunities for the
fuller life, the
material amenities and
cultural enjoyments--still denied to the many and
rejected by many.
With the resources
of modern science and technology, tempered by
wisdom, we can
escape from the limitations of
past civilisations, and succeed where they failed.
But, remembering the 4,000,000,000
people who will share this planet in twenty years'
time, science and statesmanship will have to
work fast.
RITCHIE CAIDER: The Inheritors
（1961）
1. Ring the letter for the word that
most nearly expresses the meaning of the
underlined
word as it is used in the
extract. （5 % ）
Example: abundantly（L. J）
a. obviously
b.
really
c. fully
d. surprisingly
（1）curb（L. 8） a. comply b.
prohibit
c. restrain
d. terminate
（2）elusive（L. 21） a.
dependable b. miserable
c. precarious d. providential
N
（3）constrain（L. 22） a. bridle b.
control
c. inhibit
d. oblige
（4）deny（I.. 24） a. disown
b. refuse
c. reject
d. withhold
（5）temper（L. 25） a. fortify
b. mitigate
c. soften
d. tune
2．Explain the meanings of the
following underlined words as they are used in the
extract．
（5％）
（1）population explosion（L.4）
（2）rational（L.11）
（3）at the expense
of（L. 13）
（4）salvage（L．17）
（5）amenities（L．24）
3．Explain fully the
meaning of“Throwing Pyramids into Space”（112）（5％）
4．What point of view do you think Ritchie
Calder hoped to persuade the reader to adopt?
（10％）
Ⅳ．Translation （30％）
A．Render the
following passage into Chinese．（18％）
They a11 had a dream，once upon a time．It went
something like this：good grades，
the right
schools，perhaps even an M．B．A．Then after a few
hard years of 12—hour days
and total
loyalty to the company，they would get the big
prize—a hefty salary leading
someday to a
comfortable retirement. Now that dream of job
security is like so many other
youthful
fantasies, just a memory. It has been replaced by
a scary new vision of job anxiety.
With
world industries shrinking in a declining
economy，even highly skilled professionals
are
likely to find that there are no new jobs in their
field．Many of the victims of this recession
are middle managers，often people in their 30s
and early 40s．This was supposed to be the
prime of their lives，their peak earning
years．Instead，they find themselves weighted down
by
mortgages, young familes, big bills and an
increasingly uncertain future.
（Newsweek，Nov．5，1990）
M．B．A．一Master of Business Administration
B．Render the following passage into English．（12％）
她在天津度过了学生时代。至今她还清楚地记得：1937年夏天，小学毕业，她报考
了天津的一所中学，发榜那天，刚走到大街上，就遇到了戒严。她和行人忙躲进商店，
只见插着太阳旗的坦克隆隆驶过。坦克履带的痕印深深刻在祖国母亲的胸膛上，也在她
少小的心灵上留下了不可平复的伤痕。这以后，日军占领了天津，当局在学校强制推行
日语教育，教她们的老师含泪讲了都德（Daudet）的《最后一课》。