SAT OG 官方指南TEST 8词汇总结
香港媒体-高考英语满分作文
OG TEST 8
SECTION 2
8.2.1
Residents of the secluded island fear that
____ commercial development will ____ their quiet
way
of life.
A. Widespread… reinforce
B. Waning… harm
C. Diminishing… reform
D. Encroaching… disturb
E. Further… aid
Encroach
take another's possessions
or rights gradually or stealthily
蚕食，侵蚀
To
advance beyond proper or former limits
侵犯
Reinforce（OG1.9.3已收）
To give more force or
effectiveness to; strengthen
巩固，加强，强化：增加更多力量或有效性
The news reinforced
her hopes.
这条新闻增强了她的希望。
Wane
To
decrease gradually in size, amount, intensity, or
degree; decline
变小，衰落，减少
To exhibit a
decreasing illuminated area from full moon to new
moon
（月亮的）亏缺
8.2.2
Though it
is often exclusively ____ Brazil, the Amazon
jungle actually ____ parts of eight other
American countries.
A. protected
by…threatens
B. located in…bypasses
C.
limited to…touches
D. surrounded by…boarders
E. associated with…covers
Bypass
To avoid (an obstacle) by
using an alternative channel, passage, or route
规避，绕过
Exclude（OG5.3.2已收）
(1) To
prevent from entering; keep out; bar
把…关在外面不让入内；bar
(2) To prevent from being
included, considered, or accepted; reject
排斥；排除（使其不被包括、考虑或接受）；reject
派exclusive
8.2.3
Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar’s
recent book presents a ____ of detail, providing
far more
information than one can easily
digest.
A. Modicum
B. Discrepancy
C.
Surfeit
D. Deficit
E. Juxtaposition
Surfeit
An excessive amount
过度，过量
Modicum
A small, moderate, or token amount
少量
Descrepancy
Divergence or
disagreement, as between facts or claims;
difference
分歧，矛盾，差异
Juxtaposition
To place side by side, especially for
comparison or contrast
并置，并列
8.2.4
More ____ than her predecessor, Superintendent
Reynolds would, many predicted, have a far less
____ term of office.
A.
phlegmatic…apathetic
B.
conciliatory…confrontational
C.
empathetic…compassionate
D. vigilant…reputable
E. penurious…frugal
Conciliate
To overcome the distrust or animosity of;
appease
平息，安抚：克服不信任或敌意
To make or attempt
to make compatible; reconcile
调和，使一致
派conciliatory
Confrontation
To
come face to face with, especially with defiance
or hostility
To come up against; encounter
面对，遭遇，对抗：尤其指违抗或充满敌意的
派confrontational
Phlegmatic（OG2.4.6已收）
Having or suggesting
a calm, sluggish temperament; unemotional
沉着的，冷静的，不动感情的
Apathy
Lack of
emotion or feeling; impassiveness
冷漠，缺乏感情或兴趣；=impassiveness
派apathetic
Empathy（OG7.5.5已收）
Identification with and
understanding of another's situation, feelings,
and motives
移情作用，心意相通（认同和理解别人的处境和感情）
See
Synonyms at pity
参见Pity
派empathetic
Compassion
Deep awareness of the
suffering of another coupled with the wish to
relieve it
同情，怜悯
See Synonyms at pity
参见pity
Vigilant
On the alert;
watchful
警觉的，警惕的；=watchful
See Synonyms at
aware
参见aware
Reputable
Having a good reputation; honorable
声誉好的，可尊敬；=honorable
Penurious
(1)
Unwilling to spend money; stingy
吝啬小气的
(2)
Poverty-stricken; destitute
贫困的，赤贫的
Frugal
Practicing or marked by economy, as
in the expenditure of money or the use of material
resources
节俭的
See Synonyms at sparing
参见sparing
8.2.5
Galloping
technological progress has made consumers ____:
advances undreamed of a generation
ago are so
common that they seem humdrum.
A.
Flabbergasted
B. Miffed
C. Jaded
D.
Wary
E. Embittered
Humdrum
Lacking variety or excitement; dull
无聊的，平淡的：缺少变化或激情的；=dull
See Synonyms at
boring
参见boring
Jaded
Dulled by
surfeit; sated
（因过度或过量而）厌腻的，厌倦的
Flabbergast
To cause to be overcome with
astonishment; astound
使惊讶，使震惊
See Synonyms
at surprise
参见surprise
Miff
A
petulant, bad-tempered mood; a huff
A petty
quarrel or argument; a tiff
微怒；小争执
Embitter
To arouse bitter feelings in
使痛苦，使怨恨
SECTION 5
8.5.1
They
use language not to explain but to ____: each
statement is like a reflection in a warped
mirror.
A. Preserve
B. Distort
C.
Enlighten
D. Negate
E. Destroy
Warp
To turn or twist (wood, for example)
out of shape
歪曲，扭曲
Distort
twist
out of a proper or natural relation of parts;
misshape
弄歪，扭曲；=missahpe
Preserve
(1) To maintain in safety from injury, peril,
or harm; protect
保护=protect
(2) To prepare
(food) for future use, as by canning or salting
To prevent (organic bodies) from decaying or
spoiling
保存，贮藏
Negate
To make
ineffective or invalid; nullify
使无效
To
rule out; deny
否认
See Synonyms at deny
参见deny
8.5.2
Colonial South
Carolina was characterized by cultural ____:
Europeans, Africans, and Native
Americans each
absorbed some customs of the other groups.
A.
Tension
B. Conservatism
C.
Integrity
D. Convergence
E. Eradication
Converge
To come together from
different directions; meet
To tend toward or
achieve union or a common conclusion or result
汇聚，集合
派convergence divergence
Tension
Barely controlled hostility or a
strained relationship between people or groups
紧张，敌意
Conservative
Favoring
traditional views and values; tending to oppose
change
保守的，守旧的：支持传统观点或价值的；倾向于反对改变
派conservatism
Integrity（OG4.2.6）
(1) Steadfast adherence to a strict moral or
ethical code
正直，诚实
(2) The state of being
unimpaired; soundness
The quality or condition
of being whole or undivided; completeness
完整未受损害的状态；=soundness
整体性，完整性；=completeness
Eradicate
To get rid of as if by
tearing up by the roots
根除，消灭
See Synonyms
at eliminate
参见eliminate
8.5.3
Anna Freud’s impact on psychoanalysis was
____, coming not from one brilliant discovery but
from a lifetime of first-rate work.
A.
Tangential
B. Premature
C. Exorbitant
D. Indiscernible
E. Cumulative
cumulative
Increasing or enlarging
by successive addition
Acquired by or
resulting from accumulation
积累的
Tangential
Only superficially relevant;
divergent
相切的，离题的：只是表面相关的；=divergent
Premature
Occurring, growing, or existing
before the customary, correct, or assigned time;
uncommonly or
unexpectedly early
早熟的
Exorbitant
Exceeding all bounds, as of
custom or fairness
过度的，过分的
See Synonyms at
excessive
参见excessive
8.5.4
Francis learned that by ____ his anger and
resentment and so avoiding ____, he could overcome
opponents more successfully than could those
who openly defied their adversaries.
A.
expressing…hostility
B. suppressing…conflict
C. stifling…temperance
D.
disguising…deceit
E. rousing…wrath
Defy
To oppose or resist with boldness and
assurance
To challenge or dare (someone) to do
something
藐视，挑战，违抗
Suppress（OG6.9.5已收）
put down by authority
or force : SUBDUE
To curtail or prohibit the
activities of
镇压，平定，禁止
Hostile
Feeling or showing enmity or ill will;
antagonistic
还有敌意的，敌对的；=antagonistic
Stifle
To kill by preventing respiration;
smother or suffocate
使窒息
To keep in
or hold back; repress
阻止，压制
Temperate（OG5.7.6）
(1) Exercising
moderation and self-restraint
自我克制的，有节制的，不放纵的
learned to be temperate in eating and drinking
在饮食和饮酒方面学会节制
(2) Moderate in degree or
quality; restrained
温和的，适度的
temperate
criticism
温和的批评
派temperance intemperance
Disguise
To modify the manner or
appearance of in order to prevent recognition
To conceal or obscure by dissemblance or false
show; misrepresent
掩饰，假装
Deceit
The act or practice of deceiving; deception
欺骗，谎言；=deception
Wrath
Forceful,
often vindictive anger
愤怒，气愤：猛烈有力的，通常是报复式的愤怒
See Synonyms at anger
参见anger
8.5.5
Sleep actually occurs ____, though
one may receive clues signaling its ____ for
several minutes
before one falls asleep.
A. gradually…abruptness
B.
erratically…solace
C. temporarily…length
D. inevitably…approach
E.
instantaneously…onset
Instantaneous（OG4.8.5）
Occurring or
completed without perceptible delay
Done or
made as quickly or directly as possible
立即的（尽可能快速完成的）；瞬间的
an instantaneous reply
to my letter
对我的信件的立即回复
Onset
A beginning; a start
肇始，开端
Abrupt
Unexpectedly sudden
Surprisingly curt;
brusque
突然的，唐突的；鲁莽的
Erratic（OG4.2.1）
Having no fixed or regular course; wandering
Lacking consistency, regularity, or uniformity
反复无常的（没有固定的或规律性的行，缺乏连续性、规律性或一致性）；=wandering
an erratic heartbeat
不稳定的心跳
派erratical
Solace
Comfort in sorrow, misfortune,
or distress; consolation
安慰，抚慰
8.5.6
Ellen Swallow Richards, a ____ environmental
preservation in the United States, campaigned
during the nineteenth century to ____
responsible practices in the discipline that has
come to be
known as ecology.
A. foil
for…expose
B. pioneer of…implement
C.
resource on…squelch
D. mitigator of…promote
E. critic of…exploit
Implement
To
put into practical effect; carry out
实施，执行
Foil
(1) V. To prevent from being
successful; thwart
挫败，使受挫折；阻碍，抑制；=thwart
(2) A repulse; a setback
退败，挫折
Squelch
To crush by or as if by
trampling; squash
镇压，压制
To suppress or
inhibit
阻碍，抑制
Mitigate（OG1.2.5）
To moderate (a quality or condition) in force
or intensity; alleviate
减轻，缓和：缓和（一种性质或条件）的力量或强度；缓解
Governments
should endeavour to mitigate poverty.
政府应努力缓解贫困问题。
See Synonyms at relieve
参见relieve
派mitigator
8.5.7
Laila performed her tasks at the office with
____, completing all her projects in record time.
A. Alacrity
B. Conformity
C.
Deliberation
D. Recrimination
E.
Exasperation
Alacrity
Speed or
quickness; celerity
敏捷，迅速
Cheerful
willingness; eagerness
欣然，乐意
Exasperate
To make very angry or
impatient; annoy greatly
激怒，使恼怒
8.5.8
Critics say that the autobiographical work
Brother and Keepers by John Edgar Wideman is
surprising in that it celebrates and yet ____
his own role in the life of his brother.
A.
censures
B. exacerbates
C. explores
D.
duplicates
E. delineates
Censure（OG4.5.5已收）
An expression of strong
disapproval or harsh criticism
（强烈和严厉）责难，批评
An official rebuke, as by a legislature
of one of its members
（公开和正式）非难（如立法机构对自己成员的谴责）
Exacerbate（OG7.8.1）
To increase the
severity, violence, or bitterness of; aggravate
使…加重，恶化（如病痛）
Duplicate
To make an
exact copy of
To make twofold; double
To
make or perform again; repeat
拷贝，复制，重复
SECTION 8
8.8.1
Many writers
associated with the Harlem Renaissance were not
originally from Harlem; drawn by
the artistic
community it provided, they ____ the place as
home.
A. neglected
B. adopted
C.
avoided
D. criticized
E. encountered
Adopt
To take and follow (a course of
action, for example) by choice or assent
采取，接纳
Encounter
To meet, especially
unexpectedly; come upon
（意外）遇见，邂逅
To
confront in battle or contention
会战
8.8.2
Nicknamed the “contract lens”, the
device installed on the Hubble telescope
successfully ____ its
flawed vision, the
result of a faulty mirror.
A. corrected
B.
displayed
C. generated
D. scrutinized
E. accentuated
Scrutinize（OG3.7.1）
To examine or
observe with great care; inspect critically
（很挑剔地）详细检查或观察
Accentuate
To
stress or emphasize; intensify
强调，强化
To
pronounce with a stress or accent
重读
8.8.3
As an architect who rehabilitates
older buildings, Roberta Washington objected to a
city policy
that resulted in the mass ____ of
clearly ____ structures.
A.
demolition…inconsequential
B.
renovation…derelic
C. razing…salvageable
D. protection…venerable
E. scouring…grimy
Rehabilitate
To restore to good
condition, operation, or capacity
修复，恢复，使恢复原状
Raze
To level to the ground; demolish
毁灭，破坏；=demolish
See Synonyms at ruin
Salvage
To save from loss or destruction
营救，救援
派salvageable
Demolish
To tear down completely; raze
To damage
(someone's reputation, for example) severely
拆除，彻底毁坏；严重损坏（如某人的名誉）
See Synonyms at ruin
Demolition
The act or process of
wrecking or destroying, especially destruction by
explosives
破坏，毁坏
Consequential
Having important consequences;
significant
重要的，关键的
派inconsequential
Renovate
To restore to an earlier
condition, as by repairing or remodeling
更新，恢复，改善
To impart new vigor to; revive
使重新焕发活力
Derelict
Deserted by an
owner or keeper; abandoned
被抛弃的，荒凉的
Venerable（OG1.2.5）
Commanding respect by
virtue of age, dignity, character, or position
值得尊敬的：（因年岁、品格、有某种关联等）值得尊重的，受敬佩的
8.8.4
The treasurer was intimidated by the ____
demeanor of the auditors who neither spoke nor
smiled
when they arrived.
A. amiable
B. ethical
C. glacial
D. taunting
E. nondescript
Glacial
Lacking
warmth and friendliness
冷淡的，冷漠的：缺乏热情和友好的
Amiable
Friendly and agreeable in
disposition; good-natured and likable
Cordial;
sociable; congenial
亲切的，和蔼可亲的
Ethical
Being in accordance with the accepted
principles of right and wrong that govern the
conduct of a
profession
符合伦理道德的
See
Synonyms at moral
参见moral
Taunt（OG3.4.3）
To reproach in a
mocking, insulting, or contemptuous manner
（以一种嘲弄、侮辱或轻蔑的方式来）指责；奚落
See Synonyms at
ridicule
参见ridicule
Nondescript
Lacking distinctive qualities; having no
individual character or form
不可名状的，没有显著特征的
8.8.5
Rodolfo Gonzales was once
described as ____ in body and mind because of the
flexibility and
grace apparent in both his
boxing and his writing of poetry and plays.
A.
unyielding
B. tremendous
C. emphatic
D. lithe
E. fickle
Lithe
Readily bent; supple
易弯曲的，柔软的
Unyielding
Not giving way to pressure or
persuasion; obdurate
坚决不屈的，顽固的：不服从压力或劝说的
Tremendous
Extremely large in amount,
extent, or degree; enormous
巨大的（在数量、范围或程度上）；=enormous
Synonyms at
enormous
参见enormous
Emphatic
Expressed or performed with emphasis
强调的
Fickle
Characterized by erratic
changeableness or instability, especially with
regard to affections or
attachments;
capricious
变幻无常的，易变的；=capricious
8.8.6
On the verge of financial collapse,
the museum was granted a ____, receiving a much-
needed
____ of cash in the form of a
government loan.
A. Reprieve… infusion
B. Deferment… inducement
C. Rebate…
advance
D. Hearing… security
E.
Procurement… account
Reprieve
To
postpone or cancel the punishment of
To bring
relief to
推迟或取消（惩罚），缓刑
Infuse
To
put into or introduce as if by pouring
To fill
or cause to be filled with something
注入
派infusion
Defer
To put off;
postpone
推迟，使延期
Inducement
Something that helps bring about an action or
a desired result; an incentive
诱因，动机；=incentive
Rebate
A
deduction from an amount to be paid or a return of
part of an amount given in payment
折扣
Procure
To get by special effort; obtain
or acquire
（通过特别的努力）获得，取得；=obtain acquire