2019届高考英语作文的类型高考英语作文的10种类型
阿肯色州大学-北京留学
高考英语作文的10种类型
高考作文分为实用文和应用文。
实用文包括：1.提纲作文；2.图表作文； 3.图画作文； 4.开放作文；
应用文包括：5.书信； 6.通知； 7简历； 8.日记； 9.便条；10.电子邮件。
1. 提纲作文：在英语课堂上，你喜欢你的老师授课时只用英语，还是英语、汉语兼用？
某英
语杂志社就此话题邀请中学生发表看法。请围绕“How do you prefer your
English
classes to be taught? In English only,
or in both English and
Chinese?”这个问题，参考所给
要点，选择一种授课形式，写一篇英语短文。
授课形式一：只用英语
优点：有助于提高听说能力等
缺憾：不易听懂等
结论：……
授课形式二：英语、汉语兼用
优点：易于理解等
缺憾：英语氛围不浓等
结论：……
注意：1.词数 100~120，短文开头已给出(不计词数)。
2.参考词汇：atmosphere氛围
满分文(一)
I prefer my
English classes to be taught in both English and
Chinese, whose advantage is
that it is easy
for us to understand what the teacher talks about.
The teacher first teaches the
class in
English, and then she explains those that are hard
to understand to us so that we get a
better
knowing of the passage. That will be good for us.
However, teaching the class in two languages
will make the English atmosphere not so
strong. Some students who wish to be taught in
English will be disappointed.
Except for the
disadvantage, I think it is really good to hear
two languages in classes. It
can make us more
familiar with the foreign culture.
名师指导：
审题是作文的第一要素，本文的审题准确无误。无论是要点的把握还是结构的组
织都证明了这一点。本文
运用多种复杂句式，整体看来是不错的。文中的一个复合句
式显示了作者的英语功底。其他出彩短语的使
用也很地道，可以参看好句中的分析。
背诵内容：
age
n.优点 familiar with对某人熟悉 3. atmosphere n.气氛
满分文(二)
I prefer my English classes to be
taught only in English because it is helpful for
us to
improve the ability of speaking and
listening in a very short time. I have strong
interest in
English study and foreign culture,
so I’d like to be totally immersed in the
atmosphere of
English so that I can quickly
make progress. That’s why I prefer total English.
However,
since we are all English beginners,
it’s really hard to understand all that the
teacher says.
Sometimes we need Chinese
explanation. So my viewpoint is that we are taught
not only in
English but also using Chinese as
a minor way to explain things that are hard to
understand.
名师指导：
本文写作十分成功。语言和句式是本文最大的特点
。好词中词汇的使用，将作者
的意思表达得完整而准确，从而映衬了词汇的重要性；其次，本文的句式以
复杂句为
主，表语、定语和状语从句的使用都十分到位。
应背好词：1. immerse
v.沉浸 2. explanation n.解释 3. make progress 取得进步 <
br>2.图表作文：今年寒假，你参加了社会实践活动，去某旅行社当业余导游。请根据该旅
行社提供
的数据和你的所见所闻，用英语写一篇短文，作为寒假作业交给你的英语老
师。
Number of people in City X
travelling abroad in 1996, 2001 and 2006
要求：1.
简析表格，说明产生这种现象的原因；
2.
结合漫画，谈谈境外旅游出现的问题；
3.
针对所出现的问题阐述你自己的看法（至少两点）；
4. 词数120左右；
5. 参考词汇：吐痰 spit v.
When
people’s life is getting better and better,more
and more people choose to spend
their holidays
abroad. The year 2006 sees a sharp increase in the
number of overseas
travelers compared with the
year2001, when the number was already much larger
than that
of the year 1996. It’s a good thing
that Chinese tourism is developing very fast.
However,
reports about people’s bad manners
flood in. Some are even asked if all Chinese spit
and
litter everywhere. The poor behavior has
done great harm to the image of China, which is
really shameful.
China has long been
regarded as a country with good manners. Everybody
should keep
some do’s and don’ts in their mind
to guide their behavior in public, home and
abroad. Win
respect for yourself and our
country!
内容要点
1. 简析表格内容；
2.
出境旅游人数快速增长的原因，如：生活水平的提高（学生需自己发挥）
3. 漫画中的问题:
随地吐痰，乱扔垃圾
4.
个人的看法，指出这些行为是不文明的；要提倡社会公德（学生需自己发挥至少两
点）
该篇文章完全完成了试题规定的任务。 准确、清楚地表达了图表、漫画和要求中的内
容，要点
无遗漏，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使
全文结构紧凑，达到了预期的
写作目的。属于很不错的高分范文！
3.图画作文:
根据以下图画，写一篇英语短文，描述今昔通讯方式的变化，以及这些变
化给人们生活带来的影响。
注意：1．词数：100左右
2．生词：通讯：communicate 互联网：the Internet
Great
changes have taken place in the way of
communication in people’s life.
In the past,
people kept in touch with each other mainly by
writing letters or using the
public telephone.
But now almost everyone has his own mobile phone.
People can
communicate with each other almost
at any place and at any time. What’s more, people
have
easy access to the Internet, which
enables them to send and receive e-mails when ever
they
like. With these changes, people’s pace
of life has been quickened and people’s work has
been made more efficient. It used to take
several days to hear from each other, but now it
takes only several minutes, even if they are
in two different countries.
In a word, people
have an easier life nowadays.
名师点评：
此类文章首先要构思文章结构
开头：总起即说什么
常用句型:
1. In short, things have begun to
improve since …
2. Great changes have taken
place in …
the growing popularity of Internet
surfing in China, the quality of our lives is
improving.
4. There are some three major
values of owning a car, To begin with … Next…
last... There
are, on the other hand, more
reasons against it. First…, Second…, Finally…
主体：即怎么说？可用举例、对比、分析、数字、描写等。
列举过去的情况Take …
for example, in the past she …. she used to do
besides…, what’s
more.
列举现在的情况 but now,
not only do can he … but also he …;besides, in
addition,
moreover, what’s more…
结尾：总结 in
short; in a word; as a result
4.开放作文：你班将组队参加学校组织的集体舞比赛(group dancing
competition)，班长
希望大家积极参与。对此谈谈你的想法。
A group
dancing competition will be held in our school and
the monitor calls on
everybody to take an
active part in it. While most of my classmates are
still hesitating
whether to participate, I
have said yes to our monitor with great pleasure.
Generally speaking, there are two reasons for
my decision. First, it is a good opportunity
for me to relax myself, which will enable me
to study more efficiently. All work and no play
makes Jack a dull boy, so goes the saying,
which clearly shows us the importance of
relaxation. Besides,I think I am a good dancer
after learning dance for more than five years.
Participating in the contest will be a golden
chance for me to show my dancing skills and
make some contributions to the class.
For
the two reasons mentioned above, it is no surprise
that I have such a strong
enthusiasm on the
group dancing competition.
你的文章必须包括以下内容：1）你是否会参加比赛；
2）你做出该决定的具体理由。
所谓开放“作文”，是相对于我们过去一直沿用的“书面表达”这种指导性写作(Guided
Writing)而言的。它是一种比传统的“书面表达”限制较少的、留给考生自由发挥空间更
多的
考查学生书面表达能力的一种题型。开放作文属于命题作文，考生要根据所给命
题，独立进行构思，并必
须做适当的发挥。它在一定程度上考查了考生的写作能力，
即要求考生根据写作动机选择相应的写作策略
，并根据自己已经具备的相应知识完成
写作。以下是开放作文常用句型
描述部分
1. As can be seen from the picture, a boy is
doing …
As we can see in the picture, there
are two people staring at a plant growing in a
pot.
In the picture, we can see a bucket made
of wooden board in different length.
2. There
be … doing
有四只小鸟翱翔在高高的天空上.
There are four
young birds flying high in the sky.
3. See …
doing
我们能看到一只大鸟在巢中休息
In the picture, we
can see a big bird resting in a nest.
4. …
while … (对比)
在风中, 大树折断了，而小草则依然挺立.
In the
wind, the tall tree breaks into two halves, while
the short grass remains standing
straight.
In the eyes of the man on the
left, the plants will grow thick and tall, while
in the other’s
view, the plants will be dying
pretty soon.
5. 地点状语放句首, 主句全部倒装.
地点状语+live
fly sit stand grow be +名词+非限定性定语从句.
在蜘蛛网的中间,
坐着一个小孩, 他整日坐在电脑前面和别人聊天和打游戏.
In the middle of
the spider web sits a child, who is occupied in
chatting with others and
7. The picture sets
us thinking a lot.
8. It is obvious that the
picture has a profound hidden irony meaning.
9. The picture arouses our interest of
guessing what the artist wants to tell us and at
the same
time we can learn something from it.
10. While the picture looks very funny, it
really has a profound meaning for us to take into
consideration.
playing online games in
front of the computer all day long.
In the
wind stands a big tree, which is blown to one side
and almost broken into two halves.
On the
surface of the big clock are two people, one of
whom is an old man and the other a
young boy.
In the middle of the picture is a man dressed
in old fashioned clothes who is cutting the
bushes into the same shape.
6. It is
obvious that… obviously (逻辑引领, 承上启下)
显而易见,
这个孩子已经因为迷上网络而忽略学习.
It’s obvious that the child
is so addicted to the Internet that he forgets
what he should do.
解释部分
1. This picture
sets us thinking and we may gain enlightenment
from what the picture really
means.
2.
What the picture conveys goes far beyond only a
picture itself. It carries deeper meanings.
3.
My understanding of the picture is that…
4.
Seeing the picture, I think that…
5. We can
often see this similar phenomenon in our daily
life.
It is very common in our society……
This phenomenon is not unusual in our society
This reflects a common phenomenon in our
society
6. The picture reminds me of the fact
that…
11. The purpose of the artist who draws
the cartoon picture is clear and instructive as
well.
12. Obviously, we can learn a lot from
the cartoon picture. What the picture tries to
tell us is
that…
结尾部分
1. In my view,
no matter where we are working, we ought to
cooperate with our colleagues
well. And only
in this way can we create a harmonious working
atmosphere and work more
efficiently.
2.
From my perspective, weak as the grass is, it can
stand strongly in the big wind when the
big
tree breaks in half. In other words, the grass
appears weak, but it has a strong mind. The
tree looks stronger, but it cannot conquer
difficulties and even gives up hope in the end. So
we can learn a lesson from the picture- a
person’s inner strength is much powerful than
physical strength.
3. We ought to hold a
positive attitude towards our life. Only by this
means can we live
happily and healthily.
4. The picture tells us that we ought to help
someone in our team to complete
by this means
can our team work better and achieve success in
the end.
5. Only when we see others’
advantages can we learn from them and make greater
progress
day by day.
6. Only by choosing
the most suitable methods for our studies can we
gain as much as
possible in the end.
The picture arouses our interest
of guessing what the artist wants to tell us and
at the same
time we can learn something from
it.
10. While the picture looks very funny, it
really has a profound meaning for us to take into
consideration.
11. The purpose of the
artist who draws the cartoon picture is clear and
instructive as well.
12. Obviously, we can
learn a lot from the cartoon picture. What the
picture tries to tell us is
kinds of
activities, such as birthday parties, going out
for a walk, discussing some
fashionable
topics, and so on. Besides, helping each other is
also very important for both of
you. Just
share happiness and sadness with her. And I
believe she will understand you in
time and it
is certain you two will be good friends in the
future. Good luck to
you.
Yours,
that…
5.书信：下面是一个中学生给某报编辑部写的一封信，仔细阅读
并就信的内容以编辑的
名义给此中学生回一封信。
Dear editor.
I am an active girl, and I speak and laugh loudly
in the classroom, like a boy. I don’t care
about small matters. On the contrary, my
neighbor, the girl who sits next to me, speaks
quietly and dare not do the things I often do.
I can understand this.
What I can’t stand
is that she often gets angry with me about small
things. How can I get
along with her?
Yours
Sunny
注意：1)书信格式要规范；
2)回信需就原信内容给出至
少三条建议（如谈心，相互理解，参加他们的生日等
活动，谈论共同话题，分享快乐等等）；
3)字数：120左右。
范文：
Dear Sunny,
It’s very good that you want to be friends
with this girl. In my opinion, you’d better first
have a heart-to-heart talk with her, because
understanding each other is very important for
you two. And I also think it’s better for you
to ask her to join you and your classmates in all
Editor
名师点评：
英信一般分为商业信函(business
letters)和私人书信(personal letters)两种，而书面表达一
般都是要求写
私人书信。它包括五部分，即信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名，具体
如下：
1．信头：寄信
人的地址和写信日期，写在信的右上角。注意中地名的写法与中文不同，
要从小到大；日期的写法也与中
文不同，不是写在签名之下，而是写在寄信人的地址
之下。习惯上人们采用美式英语表达，即月、日、年
，月，日与年之间用逗号隔开，
月份尽量不要缩写，如june
8,2009；而英式英语表达则为日、月、年，中间不用逗号
隔开，如8 june2009。
2．称呼：自成一行，顶格写。称呼语常用：dear
sirmadammanagereditorfriendsbob，
称呼之后一般用逗号。
3．正文：信件的主体部分即为信的正文。正文写在称呼的下一行，与dear后第一个单
词对齐。正
文通常包括三部分，即开头、目的和结尾。正文的开头语常用：thank you for
your
last letter asking about...；I’m glad
to...。正文的结尾语是正文的一部分，常常另起
一行，常用的结尾语有：I’m looking
forward to your reply；thanks and all the best；best
wishes；wishing you a pleasant journey。
4．结
束语：结束语与正文的结尾语不一样，它要写在结尾语的下一行，位于书信的右
下角，后面用逗号。常用
的结束语有：yours
sincerelyfaithfullytruly；sincerelytruly
yours；
yours等。
6.通知:
假设你们将于5月10日去体检。请根据下列内容和提示，写一篇口头通知，
词数80左右。
1．体检地点：人民医院，离我们学校不远，步行大约15分钟的路程。
2．体检日期：5月10日上午8点，星期六。
注意：
1．7：45在医院门口集合，可以骑车或步行前往。
2．体检前空腹。
3．在医院保持安静，听从医生和护士的安排。
范文
Notice
Attention please, everyone,
Our class
will go to have a physical examination in People's
Hospital on Saturday, 10th
May. . It is not
far from our school. It's about fifteen minutes'
walk. You may either walk
there or go there by
bicycle.
The examination will begin at
8:00. We are not allowed to eat or drink anything
before
the examination. Keep quiet there and
listen to the doctors and the examination
you
may go home.
名师指导：
一、掌握书面通知特点
书面通知即以书面
的形式表达通知的内容，其特点是：措辞较严谨，句子结构相对口
头通知会更复杂，尤其会使用一些非谓
语动词短语(如用不定式表目的等)和从句(如if
从句、when从句、so that从句等)。
二、熟记书面通知格式
与口头通知不同，书面通知在用书面形式表达出来时，它有自己比较固
定的格式：如
通知开头要有标题(通常为Notice或Announcement)，标题下面是正文
，正文后通常还
应有发通知的单位(通常写在右下角)和写发通知的日期(通常写在左下角)等。
三、注意与口头通的区别
口头通知一般有开头称呼语(Ladies and
gentlemen, Boys and
girls等)，而书面通知通常
不用这些开头称呼语；口头通知用来吸引听众注意力的句子(如May
I have your attention,
please? Attention
please, everyone. I have an announcement to make.
Be quite. There is
something important I have
to tell you.等)在书面通知中通常不可以用；口头通知的结束
套语(That’s
all. Thank you very much.)在书面通知中也不会使用。
四、熟记书面通知套语
尽管书面通知与口头通知有很多表达套语不一样，但有些表达(如叫听
者不要迟到、欢
迎某人参加某活动等方面的套语)是可以通用的，不过有时可能在措辞方面会有所不同<
br>(书面通知措辞可能会略正式些)。如：
口头通知：Everyone should be
there on time. Be sure not to be late. Please be
present on
time.
书面通知：Everyone is required
to be present on time.
口头通知：Be sure to attend
it on time.
书面通知：Everybody is expected to
attend it on time.
另外，书面通知的以下套语也需注意：
All
teachers and students are required to…(全体师生务必要……)
Notice is hereby given that…(兹通知……)
Our
school The Student Union will is going to hold…
A lecture will be given at 7:00 this evening
in…
五、牢记书面语通知时态
与口头通知一样，书面通知也以一般将来时为主。如：
The students of Senior Grade One will go to
Jingshan Park on May 4.
We will climb up the
hill and have a picnic on the top of it.
After
that we will visit the famous botanical garden
nearby.
On July 22, Saturday, we will visit
the following places — a school or a hospital.
We will be divided into four
groups and each group can visit one of the places.
7.简历：国际文化交流中心将组织一次由各国学生参加的“和平，友谊”夏令营活动，要
求报
名者提前交英文个人简历。假设你是王珊，请根据下列信息写一篇个人简介。
注意：1.词数不少于60
2.可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
范文：
I’m Wang Shan,
a girl of sixteen, presently attending Beijing
Yangguang Middle School.
I like music,
especially classical music. I’m also interested in
photography because it allows
me to record the
beautiful moments in my life. Through my hobbies,
I’ve made many friends.
In fact, I like
meeting new people and enjoy talking with them.
Believing we all need help
from each other, I
appreciate friends’ help, and I’m willing to help
anyone in need.
I love life; I love Mother
Nature; and I love peace. I hate any form of
violence.
I would like to join the Peace &
Friendship Summer Camp since it would be a great
opportunity to make friends with young people
from different countries and learn about their
cultures.
名师点评：
1.要点：文章可分为三个部分——基本情况（姓
名、性别、年龄、学校），其他情况，
参加夏令营的目的。
2.时态：一般现在时；
人称：第一人称
3.短语及句型：
上学：attend school
感兴趣：be interested in take a deep interest in
擅长于：be good at
与人交流：communicate with
乐于助人：be ready to help others
结交朋友：make
friends with
了解：learn about
8.日记：5月3日，你参观了一个农场.请根据下列图画用英语写一篇日记。
注意：
1. 日记必须包括图中所有内容,可适当增减细节，使日记连贯。
2.
词数 100左右。
May 3 Sunday
Fine
Today we visited a farm. Early in the
morning we met at the school gate and we went
there together.
The farm
workers gave us a warm welcome. Then the head of
the farm showed us around.
How glad we were to
see the crops and vegetables growing well! At
noon, we had a picnic
lunch in the sun0shine.
After a short rest, we had great fun singing and
dancing, telling jokes
and stories. Two of us
even played a game of chess. The time passed
quickly. Before we
9.便条：
书面表达
你校学生会将为来访的美国朋友举办一个晚会，要在学校广播中宣布此事，并欢
迎大家参加。
knew it, we had to say goodbye to the workers.
名师点拨：
1.
段落和要点：本文属于日记，介绍参观农场的相关情况；共有六个要点（6副图片
所描绘的内容要点）。
2.时态：一般过去时。
3.短语及句型：
在学校门口集合：meetgather at the school gate
热烈欢迎：give sb. a warm welcome
带某人参观：show
sb. aroud
野餐：have a picnic lunch
过的愉快：have
a good timehave fun doing something
讲笑话：tell
jokes
讲故事：tell stories
下象棋：play chessplay
a game of chess
告别：say goodbye to...
4.写作模版：
（1）日记一般要求写清日期和天气。年、月、日和星期写在第一行的左上角
，天气写
在日记第一行的右上角。如要强调写日记的地点，则可将地点写在日期的后面。
（2）命题日记将日记的标题写在第二行。
（3）在第三行空两个开始写日记的征文，一般写日记直接切入主题。
（4）考试时的提示日
记则要抓住要点，意思清楚，表达流畅，人称多用第一人称I或
we，时态则用过去时、现在完成时或用
一般现在时。
为使美国朋友听懂，请你写一个广播通知，字数要求100以内。
内容要点：
(1)为欢迎来访的美国朋友举办晚会 (2)由学生会组织；
(3)于8月15日，星期六，晚7:30举行； (4)将跳舞、唱歌、听音乐、做游戏；
(5)交换小礼品； (6)欢迎大家都参加。
可能用到的词汇：学生会:
Student Union 通知：announcement 交换：exchange
May
I have your attention, please? I have an
announcement to make. The Student Union is
going to hold
a party on Saturday
evening, August 15, to welcome our friends from
the United States. The
party will be held
at 7:30 p.m. There will be music, dancing,
singing, games and exchange of gifts. Will
everybody please bring
along a small gift
for this purpose? There's sure to be a lot of fun
and everybody is welcome.
名师指导：写作指导
1.段落和要
点：文章可分为三个部分——活动的宗旨、组织者、时间、地点为第1段；
或哦的难过内容为第2段；活
动注意事项为地3段。
2.时态：一般将来时
3.短语及句型：
学生会：the
Student Union
举行聚会：hold a party
交换礼品：exchanges of gifts
包装：wrap up
签名：sign one's name
祝愿词：words
of good wishes
4.写作模版：
（1）口头通知
An
Announcement
Comrades and friendsBoys and
girlsTeachers and students:
Attention
please!May I have your attention, please? I have
an announcement to make...
(2）书面通知
Notice
The Student Union is going to hold a party on
Saturday evening August 15 in the roof garden
of Main Building...
10.邮件：假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Pet
er来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根
据下列要点写回信。
要点：1.
参加中文学习班；2. 看中文书刊、电视； 3. 学唱中文歌曲； 4. 交中国朋
友。
注意：1.词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
Dear
Peter,
I'm glad to receive your letter
asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.
Here are a few suggestions. First, it is
important to take a Chinese course, as you'll be
able to learn from the teacher and practice
with your fellow students. Then, it also helps to
watch TV and read books, newspapers and
magazines in Chinese whenever possible.
Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and
sing Chinese songs, because by doing so you'll
learn and remember Chinese words more easily.
You can also make more Chinese friends.
They
will tell you a lot about China and help you learn
Chinese.
Try and write me in Chinese next
time.
Best wishes.
名师指导
1.段落和要点：文章共4个
要点，可以分为两部分——要点1、2、为第1段，要点3、
4为第二段。写作时应注意将信息要点概括
全面，同时注意句子之间的衔接和书信的整
体结构。
2.时态：一般现在时
人称：第二人称
3.短语及句型：
参加中文学习班：take a
Chinese course
向……学习：learn from
与……一起练习：practice with
看中文书刊、电视：watch TV
and read books, newspapers and magazines in
Chinese
交中国朋友：make more Chinese friends
4.关联词：first...then...besides...lastlyfinally;
on the one hand...,on the other hand...; first of
all...in the next place...last but not
least...
写作模版：
英语书信写作模版
开头部分：How nice
to hear from you me tell you something about the
activity.I'm glad to have received your letter
of Apr. 9th. I'm pleased to hear that you're
coming to China for a visit.I'm writing to
thank you for your help during my stay in
America.
结尾部分：With best wishes. I'm
looking forward to your reply.I'd appreciate it if
you could
reply earlier.
PS:
结尾万能公式一：说
完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大
论，到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类
的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束
语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让
读者眼前一亮，这样，你
就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw
the
conclusion that good manners arise from
politeness and respect for others.
如果读者很难
“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！更多过渡短语： to sum
up, in
conclusion, in brief, on account of
this, thus 更多句型： thus, it can be concluded that…,
therefore, we can find that…
结尾万能公式二：如此建议
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话，那么“如此建议”
应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也
是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语
气的句型。拽！ obviously, it is
high time that we took some measures to solve the
problem.
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来
，
你说考官会怎么想呢？ 更多句型： accordingly, i recommend
that some measures be
taken. consequently, to
solve the problem, some measures should be taken.