书信写作英文书信的种类

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2020年08月15日 05:11
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书信写作
英文书信的种类
事务信函 (Business Letter)


私人信件 (Private Letter)
书信写作原则
书信格式是首要,称呼署名需地道;
开门见山说意图,咨询建议列几条;
内容不同两段表,感谢客气不能少;
期待回音是老套,语气得当信就好。

英文书信的格式
缩进式 (Indented Version)
齐头式 (Block Version)

称呼 --- the salutation
给不认识的人写信:
Dear Sir Madam,
给重要的人写信:
Dear Mr. President John Smith
Dear Mrs. Johns,
Dear Professor Middlebrook,
Mr. Mrs. Miss后面只用姓氏或全名,不能只写名字。
给重要的人写信:
President Pres.
Professor Prof.
Doctor Dr.
给熟人写信:
Dear Michael Dear Joanna
结束语 --- the complimentary close
写给不认识的人:
Yours faithfully,
Yours truly,
Yours very truly
写给重要的人:
Yours respectfully,
Very respectfully yours,
写给熟人:
Yours sincerely,
Yours very sincerely,
Yours cordially,
写给亲朋好友:
Yours,
Yours ever,
With love from,
Yours loving son,
过时的结束语不要用:
Yours obedient servant, (您恭顺的仆人)
Your humble servant, (您卑贱的仆人)
英文书信的起首语
我很高兴收到你五月四日的来信……
I was glad to receive your letter of May 4 …
我很高兴地听说……
With great delight, I learn that ……
我很愉快地告诉你……
I have the pleasure to tell you that ……
刚刚收到你的来信。
I have received your kind letter.
星期六的来信,今早收到了。
Your kind letter of Saturday arrived this morning.
久未通信,悬念之至。
As I have not heard of you for long, I feel anxious.

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我希望尽快收到你的来信。
 I hope to hear from you soon.
盼望下次再见。
I look forward to our next meeting.
如蒙即复,不胜感激。
Your kind early reply will be appreciated.
可否即予复示?
 Won’t you let us hear from you promptly?
入需其他详情,当欣然奉告。
Any other particulars required I shall be pleased to give you.
承蒙厚助,有衷感谢。
The help you send is sincerely valued.
书信的语言原则
应试书信主要有两种语言风格:
正式文体 (formal style)
半正式文体 (semi-formal style)
应试书信一般不会出现非正式文体
书信首段写法
首段写法分两种:
一是首先表明写信人与收信人的相关性,然后再说写作意图。
例如:你租用了一家机构的房屋,但是暖气系统出了毛病。你给这家机构写信。
Dear SirMadam,
I am at present living in a house which I rented through your agency. I am sorry to inform you
that the heating system in the house stopped working five days ago. This is very inconvenient
--- not to mention dangerous to the health --- as the weather is starting to get colder. 第
二种写法是首先说明写作意图,紧接着表明相关性。
例如:你在机场的免税商店买了Walkman。回来以后,你发现机器有问题。你写封信给商店。
Dear SirMadam,
I wish to complain about a Walkman which I bough three days ago in the Duty Free section of
your airport. As is my habit, I made a point of trying it out on the spot. It worked perfectly well,
and so I went ahead and purchased it. 第三种写法是只在信件开头表明写作意图。其他的放到主
体段落写。
例如:你出事了,住进了医院。给你的学校写信说明你要请假的原因。
Dear Prof. Johnson,
I am writing to explain my absence
from classes since April 18, 2004.

投诉信
内容架构
表达不满
及说明不满,又有礼有节
提出解决方案
若提纲中包含,就一定要写
若提纲中没有,就自己编
写作策略:
首段:
表明相关性和意图
礼貌原则
不要责骂收信人
写作策略:
主体段落:
投诉原因,展开说明
现象结果相结合
结尾段:
提出解决方案
再次表示感谢
投诉信开头套话:
I am writing to complain about that …
I am writing to express my concern dissatisfaction disappointment about …

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I feel so sorry to trouble you but I am afraid I have to make a complaint about …
I am writing to inform you that I find … unsatisfactory.
I wish to draw your attention to the problem fault that I bought …
投诉信结尾套话:
I trust you will take my complaint seriously and …
I will appreciate it very much if you could …
I would be perfectly satisfied if you can kindly …
I understand you will give immediate attention to this matter.
范文:抱怨房间,要求换到单人宿舍。
Dear SirMadam,
I am writing to inform you that I wish to move into a new room next term. I would prefer a
single room, as I find the present sharing arrangement inconvenient.

I must explain that the reason for my dissatisfaction is my roommate’s inconsiderate
behavior.

For one thing, his friends are constantly visiting him; for another, he regularly holds noisy
parties. For another, he sometimes borrows my stuff without asking me. In these situations,
I find it difficult to concentrate on my studies, and I am falling behind in my assignments.
I am sure you will agree that the only solution is for me to move into a room of my own, where
I will be free from such distractions.

Therefore, I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me, preferably not in the
same building but as near to the college campus as possible.

Yours sincerely,

Janice Kennedy

请求信
内容架构
表明请求
说明原因
表达感谢
写作策略:
首段:
说明意图,表达请求
语言要求:礼貌和规范。
主体段落:
说明原因,具体展开
要求:合乎情理。
写作策略:
结尾段:
盼望回复
再次感谢,常用套句:“I am sorry for any inconveniences I have caused by this letter.”
请求信开头套话:
I am writing to formally request to …
I would like to ask for your permission with this letter so as to allow me to …
I am writing to seek for your assistance in …
Would you be kind enough to … ?
请求信结尾套话:
I am looking forward to hearing from you.
I do appreciate the favorable consideration you have shown to me.
I would like to thank you for your generous help in this matter.

询问信
寻求所需信息
写作策略:
首段:
先写相关性,再说写作意图

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不要“问道于盲”。
主体段落: 询问具体问题。如果某个问题较为重要,应该单独占一段。结尾段:
急切心情,
提供联系方式,并表示感谢。
询问信开头套话:
I am writing for information about …
I would be most grateful if you could send me information concerning …
I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding …
询问信结尾套话:
Your prompt attention to this letter would be highly appreciated.
Thank you for your consideration.
I look forward to your immediate response.

寻找失物信
要收信人帮助寻找失物并将其返还失主。写作策略:
首段:
表明相关信,说明写作意图。
表示歉意。
主体段落:
失物的具体内容及重要性。
结尾段:
如何将其返还失主
并对收信人表达谢意。
寻找失物信开头套话:
I am sorry to disturb you, but I have to …
I am writing this letter to report the loss of my … when I …
I am writing this letter to request your assistance in finding my … which I have lost
during the stay in your hotel.
I am writing this letter to see if it is possible for me to have my camera back.
寻找失物信结尾套话:
I would really appreciate it if you could …
I would be grateful if you could …
I also suggest that the lost bag be sent to … if possible.

感谢信
感谢信与投诉信刚好相反,只要把投诉的内容改为感谢的内容就可以了。
感谢信开头套话:
I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for …
I am writing to show my sincere appreciation for …
I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for …
I feel deeply indebted to you and I really don’t know how to thank you enough for your
help.
感谢信结尾套话:
I am most grateful for your selfless donation.
My true gratitude is beyond the word’s description.
I feel most obliged to thank you once more.
Please accept my gratitude, now and always.

缩进式 (Indented version)
Dear ______,
______ _____________________________________________
__________________________________________________ ___
_________________________________.
__________________________________________________ _
____________________________________________ _________
_________________________________.
____________________________________.
Yours,
Kevin

4


齐头式 (Block Version)
Dear ______,

________________________ _____________________________
________________ _____________________________________
_________________________________.

__ __________________________________________________ _
____________________________________________ _________
_________________________________.

____________________________________.

Yours,

Kevin



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