英语介词的九类宾语
爱拼才会赢作文-江南的冬景教案
英语介词的九类宾语
作者: admin来源: 网络文章 时间:
2016-05-23
一、名词或代词作介词宾语
Are you interested
in history? 你对历史感兴趣吗?
Don't worry about it.
别为它担心。
【说明】若是人称代词用作介词宾语,要注意用宾格。如:
No one
can sing like her. 没有人能像她那样唱歌。(不能用like
she)
二、动名词作介词宾语
He is good at telling
stories. 他善于讲故事。
In crossing the street he was
run over. 他在穿过马路时被汽车
撞倒。
三、过去分词作介词宾语
We can't regard the matter as settled.
我们不能认为这事已经
解决。
I take it for granted you
have read the book. 我以为你读过这
本书。
【说明】过去分词用作介
词宾语通常只见于某些固定结构中,如上面
第1句涉及regard…as(认为…是)结构,第2句涉
及take sth for
granted(认为某事属实)。在其他情况下,介词后通常不直接跟
过去分词
作宾语,若语义上需要接过去分词(表被动),可换用“being+过去分词”:
He went out without being seen by the others.
他出去了,没
有被其他人看见。
三、从句作介词宾语
He was
not satisfied with what she said. 他对她说的不满意。
I'm worried about where he is. 我担心他上哪儿去了。
【说明】介词后通常不接that从句,遇此情况需考虑用其他结构:
误:He paid no attention to that she was
poor.
正:He paid no attention to the fact that
she was poor. 他根
本不注意她很穷这一事实。
但有个别介词(如except)可接that从句。比较:I know nothing
about him except that he lives next door. I
know nothing
about him except for the fact
that he lives next door. 我只知道他
住在隔壁,其它的就不知道了。
四、不定式作介词宾语
I had no choice but to
wait. 除了等,我没有别的选择。
He wanted nothing but to
stay there. 他只想留在那儿。
They did nothing but
complain. 他们老是一个劲地抱怨。
He never did anything
but watch TV. 除了看电视,他从不干任
何事。
【说明】1.介词后接不定式的情形通常只见于but,
except等极个别
词。该不定式有时带 to,有时不带 to,其区别是:若其前出现了动词
do,
其后的不定式通常不带 to;若其前没有出现动词 do,则其后的不定式通
常带
to。
2.
介词后虽然通常不直接跟不定式作宾语,但却可接“连接代词(副
词)+不定式”结构:
He
gave me some advice on how to do it.
对于如何做这事他给
我提了些建议。
五、形容词作介词宾语
Her
pronunciation is far from perfect. 她的语音远不是完美的。
In short, we must be prepared. 总而言之,我们要有准备。
Things have gone from bad to worse. 事情越来越糟。
【说明】1. 有些形容词用作介词宾语可视为其前省略了动名词
being:
He
regarded the situation as (being) serious.
他认为形势严重。
His work is far from (being)
satisfactory. 他的工作丝毫不令人
满意。
2.
有些“介词+形容词”的结构已构成固定搭配(也有的词典认为此结
构中的形容词为名词):
in full 全部地,全面地,无省略地 in private 私下地,秘密地
in
particular 特别地 in general 一般地,通常地,概括地
in brief
简言之 in short 总之,简言之
in vain 徒然地,徒劳无益地 for fee
免费地,无偿地
for certain 肯定地,确切地 for sure 肯定地,确切地
for short 为了简短,简称 at large 自由自在地,逍遥法外
by
far …得多,最最
六、副词作介词宾语
I can't stay
for long. 我不能久呆。
It's too hot in here. 这里面太热了。
I looked everywhere except there.
除了那儿,我到处都看过了。
七、数词作介词宾语
The city has
a population of four million. 这座城市有四百万人
口。
He was among the first to arrive. 他是第一批到的。
Thy account for one-sixth of the population.
他们占人口的六
分之一。
八、介词短语作介词宾语
Choose a
book from among these. 从这些书中选一本吧。
I saw her
from across the street. 我从街的对面望见了她。
He has
known her since before the war. 自战前开始他就认识
她。
We've decided to go on foot instead of by bus.
我们决定步行去
而不乘车去。
【说明】通常可后接介词短语作宾语的介词是
from, till, until,
since, except, instead of
等。比较:
I took it from the bed. 我从床那儿(或床上)拿的。
I took it from under the bed. 我从床下拿的。
He
didn't arrive there till [until] midnight.
直到半夜他才到达那
儿。
He didn't arrive there till
[until] after midnight. 半夜过后他才
到达那儿。
九、复合结构用作介词宾语
She had no objection to Mary
marrying him. 她不反对玛丽与他
结婚。
She came in with
a book in her hand. 她手里拿着一本书走了进
来。
All the
afternoon he worked with the door locked.
整个下午他
都锁着门在房里工作。
表示时间的介词
作者: admin来源:
网络文章 时间: 2013-12-13
一、at, on, in
(A)
at表示“在某一时刻,某一时点”。如:
I get up at 6:00 every
day. 我每天6点起床。
注:at daybreak在黎明;at noon在中午;at
night在夜间;at
Christmas在圣诞节期间;at the age of
five在五岁时。
(B) on表示“在具体某一天或某天的上、下午”。如:
I
heard a shot on (the morning of ) March 18.
三月十八日(早
晨) 我听到一声枪响。
We don’t have classes
on Sunday. 星期天我们不上课。
(C)
in表示“在某世纪、年、季度、月、周”以及泛指的上、下午、晚
上。如:
in the
20th century在20世纪;in 1999在1999年;in
winter
在冬季;in September在九月;in the
morningafternoonevening
在上午下午晚上。
二、for, during, through
(A)
for后接“一段时间”,表示某事持续多久,多与完成时连用。如:
She has been
ill for several days. 她已经病了几天了。
(B)
during表示“在……期间”。如:
I went to France for two
weeks during the summer. 夏天我去
了法国两个星期。
(C)
through表示“一直……,自始至终”。如:
They worked hard
through the winter. 整个冬天他们都在努力
工作。
三、from,
since
(A)
from表示“时间的起点”,可译作“从……”,多用于
“from…totill…”中。如:
You can come anytime from Monday to Friday.
周一至周五你
什么时间来都行。
(B)
since表示“自从……以来(直到现在)”。如:
He has been away from
home since 1973. 他自从1973年就离
开了家乡。
We have
known each other since ten years ago.
我们十年前就
认识了。
注意:for和since都常与完成时连用,但for接时间段,s
ince接时
间点。如for two hours(持续)两小时;since last
week从上周直到
现在。
四、before, by, till, until
(A) before指“在……之前”,与after相对。如:
Please come
before ten o’clock. 请10点以前来。
(B)
by指“不迟于,到……时为止,在……以前”。如:
We had learned over
1000 words by the end of last term.
到
上学期末为止,我们已经学了1000多个单词了。
We will have
learned 2000 English words by the end of this
term. 到本学期结束前,我们将学了两千英语单词了。
注:by后接过去时间,常与过去完成时连用;by后接将来时间,常
与将来完成时连用。
(C) till (until) “直到……为止”。如:
You
must wait for him till tomorrow. 你必须一直等到他明天。
注
:在肯定句中,tilluntil必须与延续动词连用;在否定句中,
tilluntil常与非延续
性动词连用。如I didn’t go to bed until 12
o’clock.
直到12点我才睡。
五、after, in, within
(A)
after表示“在……之后”,是before的反义词。如:
He got a cancer
and died after a year. 他患了癌症,一年后去世
了。
The
meeting will end after 3:00pm. 会议将在下午三点后结束。
(B) within“在……时间之内”。如:
I can finish it
within an hour. 我不需一小时就可把它做完。
注:after与in都可表示“在
……之后”,但after后可跟时间段,也
可跟时间点;而in后必须跟时间段。after既可用于
将来时,也可用于过
去时,而in只能用于将来时。
I’ll arrive in an
hour. 我一小时后到达。