海口实验中学-北京出入境管理局

大学英语考试作文的主要类型及写作技巧
第一节 阐述对立观点型
一、常见命题形式
阐述对立观点型作文常见的命题形式是：
1．有（些）人认为……；
2．也有（些）人认为……；
3．我的看法或观点。
在过去的大学英语考试作文写作中阐述对立观点型作文的出现频率是比较高的，例如：
1．Spring Festival Eve (CET-4 2006.12)
Direction: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
Spring Festival Eve. You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the
outline (given in Chinese) below
（1）许多人喜欢在除夕夜观看春节晚会；
（2）但是有些人提出取消春节晚会；
（3）我的看法。
2．Reading Selectively or Extensively (CET-4, 1999.06)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
Reading Selectively or Extensively? You should write at least 100 words, and base your
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）有人认为读书要有选择；
（2）有人认为应当博览群书；
（3）我的看法。
3．Can Money Buy Happiness? (CET-4, 1995.01)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic
Can Money Buy Happiness? You should write no less than 100 words, and you should base your
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）有人认为金钱是幸福之本（source of happiness）；
（2）也有人认为金钱是万恶之源（root of evil）；
（3）我的看法。
4．Do Lucky Numbers Really Bring Luck? (CET-4, 1998.06)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
Do “Lucky Numbers” Really Bring Good Luck? You should write at least 100 words, and you
should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）有些人认为某些数字会带来运气；
（2）也有些人认为数字与运气无关；
（3）试说明你的看法。
5．Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? (CET-4, 2000.06)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? The first sentence has already been written for you. You
should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:
（1）很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是……；
（2）也有人持不同的意见；

（3）我的看法和打算。
6．Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? (CET-4, 2005.12)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should
the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? You should write at least 120 words following the
outline given below:
（1）名校校园正成为旅游新热点；
（2）校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不同；
（3）我认为……。
7．Is Failure a Bad Thing? （CET-4, 1992.01）
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition in no less than
100 words on the topic Is Failure a Bad Thing? You should base your composition on the
following outline (give in Chinese):
（1）失败是常有的事；
（2）人们对失败有各种不同的态度；
（3）我对失败的态度。
如下表：
Paragraphs Main Contents
Introduce the topic sentence expressing the
main idea of the essay and the two different
opinions views ideas arguments.
Put forward your opinion view idea
argument, and explain your reason(s) for
supporting your opinion view idea argument,
or give out your reason(s) for disapproving one
of the previously mentioned two opinions
views ideas arguments.
Draw a conclusion to emphasize your
opinion view idea argument or to call for
action.
Sentences
(9-12)
2-4
sentences
Words
(120-140)
30-35
words
Para. 1
Para. 2
5-6
sentences
60-70
words
Para. 3
2-3
sentences
30-35
words
常用句型
1．开头部分常用句型
A number of factors could account for….
However On the other hand, there are still many people who won’t agree. They argue
that…Besides In addition….
However, others hold don’t believe think that…, for….
It is one thing to insist that…, it is quite another to show that….
It would be reasonable to take the view that…, but it would be foolish to claim that….
People’s views ideas opinions arguments on about…vary from person to person. Some
people think that….
Somebody believes argues holds insists thinks that….
The advantages of B are much greater than A.

The change in…largely results from the fact that….
There are several causes for this phenomenon problem typical subject:
There is in fact one reason for us to believe that….. .
When it comes to When talking about When asked about…, different people will offer
different views ideas opinions arguments answers.
Wonderful as A is, however, it has its own disadvantages too.
2．发表自己的意见常用句型
A recent investigation indicates that….
According to a latest study, it can be predicted….
According to the statistics provided….
All available evidence points to the fact that….
All the facts suggest that….
Although A has gains enjoys considerable enormous advantages strong points benefits
of…, it cannot compete with B in….
Although I appreciate that…, I cannot agree with the title statement.
As a popular saying goes,
As far as I am concerned, I agree with the first second view idea opinion argument
answer.
As far as I am concerned, however, I believe that….
As for me, I'm firmly convinced that…, for the following reasons:
As for me, I'm in favor of the opinion that… for the following reasons:
As it is described that….
As for me, I am in favor of the first second idea.
Besides, we should not neglect that….
Both A and B have several points in common.
But it is a pity that….
But the problem is not so simple. Therefore….
But things are changing from person time place to person time place.
Compared with A, B has gains enjoys much considerable enormous advantages strong
points benefits of….
Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that….
Contrary to As opposed to generally commonly widely held accepted belief idea opinion
view, I think believe argue that….
Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.
Examples given lead me us to conclude that….
For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.
For my part, I agree with the former latter opinion for the following reasons:
History provides us with the examples of….
However, the same is not applicable to….
I agree with the above statement because I believe that….
I am always amazed when I heard people saying that….
I believe that the title statement is valid because (of)….
In my opinion, this point of view doesn't hold water.
It can be easily denied that….

It has been illustrated that….
It is generally usually believed tha….t
It is high time that we put considerable emphasis on….
It is not true that….
It is true that…but the chief faults obvious defects are….
It provides a good example of….
It reveals the unquestionable fact that….
Like anything else, it has its own disadvantages weaknesses drawbacks negative effects
faults defects.
Many experts point out that….
My suggestions to deal with the problem are as follows. To begin with, …. Secondly, ….
Finally, ….
My view idea opinion argument reason may be expressed as follows.
Nobody can deny the fact that….
None of the solutions is quite satisfactory. The problem should be examined in a new way.
Now more and more large numbers of people people in growing numbers are beginning
starting getting coming to see understand know realize accept believe be aware of that….
Others may find this to be true, but I believer that….
People used to think.., but things are different now.
Perhaps I was questioned why….
Personally, I am on the side of the former latter view idea opinion argument answer. For
one thing, …. For another, ….
The advantages strong points benefits of A are much greater than far outweigh those of B.
The advantages strong points benefits of A are much greater than far outweigh its
disadvantages weaknesses side-effects.
The chief reason why…is that….
The following are the reasons of for my choice personal inclination. First, while it is true
that…, it doesn’t mean follow that…. Second…. Furthermore….
The idea may be proved by facts….
The reasons are as follows. First, there is an element of truth that…but it doesn’t follow
mean that….
The same is true of….
There are several reasons for this problem. One of the main reasons is that…. Another
primary reason is that….
There are two three reasons for …. In the first place On the one hand, …. In the second
place On the other hand,…. Furthermore, ….
There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to….
There is no immediate solution to the problem of…, but…might be helpful.
There is not sufficient evidence to show that….
There is no truth that….
Therefore, the first second view idea opinion argument answer doesn’t hold water can
not bear much analysis can not stand up to close examination.
We have no reason to believe that….
We may cite another instance of….

We may face the undeniable fact that….
What is more serious is that….
When it comes to…, the majority of people believe that….
Wonderful Superior Good as…is, it brings us its own problems has its own disadvantages
weaknesses.
3. 转折部分常用句型
A close careful inspection examination scrutiny of this idea view opinion argument
would reveal how flimsy groundless fallacious it is.
Although I appreciate that…, I cannot agree with the first former second latter statement.
Although it is commonly widely generally universally held felt accepted agreed
acknowledged that…, it is unlikely to be true that….
Although many people believe that…, I doubt wonder whether the idea view opinion
argument can bear much analysis close examination can hold water.
Among the most convincing important reasons factors aspects examples given cited
offered identified by people for…, one should be stressed emphasized mentioned.
Different people have different attitudes towards…. Some are for in favor of favor…while
others are against….
However, …gives may give rise to a number of problems.
However, just logical sound valid this argument may be, it only skims the surface of the
problem.
I agree with the above statement because I believe hold maintain think argue that….
I believe that the first former second latter statement is valid because (of)….
In all the discussion debate over about…, one essential important basic fact is generally
overlooked neglected.
It is true that True, To be sure, Admittedly, …, but this is not to say it is unlikely it doesn’t
follow it doesn’t mean it won’t be the case that….
It would be inevitable possible natural reasonable to think believe hold maintain argue
that…, but it would be absurd wrong to claim argue that….
On the other hand As opposed to Contrary to widely commonly generally universally
held accepted belief idea view opinion, I believe hold maintain think argue that….
On the surface At first sight At first glance At first thought, it this may seem a sound an
attractive suggestion solution answer way idea, but after careful consideration, we find that….
People differ in their attitudes towards…. Faced with it, some of them…. Others,
however, ….
The advantages of…outweigh any benefit we gained from carry more weight than those of
are much greater better than….
The latest surveys show that….
The main obvious great problem fact point flaw drawback disadvantage weakness
negative effect harm danger with in this idea view opinion argument remark is that it is
ignorant of blind to the basic bare fact that….
The problem fact truth point flaw drawback advantage disadvantage strongpoint
weakness positive effect negative effect harm danger is that….
There is every reason for us to believe hold maintain think argue accept resist reject

that….
There is an element of truth in this idea view opinion argument remark statement, but it
ignores a deeper and more important essential vital basic fact reason cause factor aspect
that….
This issue has caused wide public concern.
This phenomenon idea view opinion argument remark statement has caused wide public
concern in many places of the world.
This phenomenon idea view opinion argument remark statement is now being questioned
by more and more people.
Too much emphasis placed on attention paid to importance attached to…may obscure
overlook neglect other facts….
We don’t have to look very far to see find out make out the truth of this phenomenon idea
view opinion argument remark statement.
4．结尾部分最常用句型
A much better and brighter future waits for….
Although…has have been dramatically changed over the past few years, it must be admitted
that we have to face….
Although…has have proved that…is are absurd, there is still something in….
Although many…consistently maintain that….
Although many people tend to…, an increasing amount of evidence shows that….
An advantage of…is that….
Anyone who which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.
As far as I’m concerned, I’m for in favor of favor support the former latter first second
view idea opinion argument. Therefore, my conclusion is that….
Based on what we have discussed above, we may draw come to reach arrive at the
conclusion that….
Consequently Personally, I’m in favor of the former latter first second view idea opinion
argument. Therefore, my conclusion is that….
For those people who …, it is important to…. Just as an old saying goes….
From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that….
From what has been discussed described mentioned said above Judging from By all the
evidence offered Taking into account all these factors Consequently, we may come to arrive at
reach draw the conclusion that we may conclude that….
From what I have mentioned above, we can see clearly that….
I believe predict suggest that….
In accordance with According to Based on On the basis of what we have just discussed
described mentioned said above, we may come to arrive at reach draw the conclusion that we
may conclude that..
In conclusion, I support the former latter first second view idea opinion argument.
Therefore, my conclusion is that….
In conclusion, it is imperative that….
In conclusion, we must lay emphasis on this problem phenomenon and exert every effort to
solve it thoroughly.

In conclusion, we must lay emphasis on this problem phenomenon and make our maximum
contribution to help solve it.
In conclusion, we must take into account this problem phenomenon rationally and place
more emphasis on it.
In conclusion In a word In short On the whole To conclude To sum up Therefore From
the foregoing, it is clear obvious evident that….
In my opinion, I’m in favor of the former latter first second view idea opinion argument.
Therefore, my conclusion is that….
In summary brief short, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned problem
phenomenon, more problems will crop up.
In view of such a serious situation Against this background, strong measures should be taken
to….
It is high the right time that strict measures were taken to….
It is important to take actions to….
It is necessary imperative essential important crucial vital for us to take effective
measures to….
It is necessary imperative essential important crucial vital that steps should be taken to….
It is not what you say, but what you do that really counts.
It is only through these measures that….
It is the right time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the problem.
It is suggested that…ought to make efforts to….
It must be noted that….
Let us work hand in hand to….
Many people seem to overlook the basic fact that….
Moreover, many people, including…, are beginning to believe that….
No one can doubt the essential fact that….
On account of the reasons above, we may come to reach draw the conclusion conclude
that….
On no account can we ignore the value of….
On the whole In general Generally Generally speaking All in all By and large As a result
In a word In short As a whole, ….
People Experts Students in increasing numbers are beginning to believe that….
Proper measures must be taken to….
Since…is are around the corner, …is am are compelled to take strong measures to….
Since it is unnecessary to…, we should not….
So precious is…that we can't afford to waste it.
Taking all these into account, we….
The conclusion that can be drawn reached from all that has been discussed described
mentioned said above is that….
The idea view opinion argument remark statement has a great impact influence effect
on….
The information I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that….
The vast majority of…believe that….
There is no denying that….

There is no doubt that the increase in demand caused the rise in….
This is a matter of life and death－a matter nobody can afford to ignore.
This issue is becoming a matter of concern for more and more people, especially for….
This view has been shared now by more and more people experts students….
Those who are in favor of…will….
To conclude, it seems clear that….
To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must….
We cannot emphasize the importance of…too much.
We must do more than identify the cause; it is important to take actions to….
We should bring home to people….
We should do our best to achieve our goal in….
We should get into the habit of doing….
We should not let the golden opportunity slip by. On the contrary, we should take hold of
grasp seize hold grip fast any opportunity and face the challenge with determination
confidence courage wisdom.
We should spare no effort to….
Whether it is good or not positive or negative, one thing is certain clear:
With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.
第二节 说明利弊型
一、常见命题形式
说明利弊型作文常见的命题形式主要有两种 ：第一种是对某一事物的利或弊单方面发表
看法；第二种是对某一事物的正反两方面发表看法。
（一）对某一事物的利或弊单方面发表看法
对某一事物的利或弊单方面发表看法就是：说明某一事物的利或弊（如：Advantages
Disadvantages, Positive Negative Aspects, Harmfulness of Something.）。其常见的表达方式为：
1
．
某一事物的现状；
2
．
产生这一现状的原因；
3
．
这一事物的好处或弊端。
例如：
1．Advantages of a Job Interview (CET-4, 1995.06)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
Advantages of a Job Interview. You should write at least 100 words, and you should base your
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1） 现在找工作一般都要进行面试，通过面试面试者（interviewer）和 应试者
（interviewee）可以相互了解情况。
（2）面试者可以向应试者介绍情况，如工作性质、条件、待遇等。
（3）应试者也有机会给 对方留下一个好的印象，如可以表现出自信心，可以介绍教育
背景、工作能力等。
2．Harmfulness of Fake Commodities (CET-4, 1998.01)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
Harmfulness of Fake Commodities. You should write at least 100 words, and you should base
your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

（1）目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品（fake commodities）。为什么会有这种现象？
（2）举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害。
3．It Pays to Be Honest (CET-4, 2003. 01)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
It Pays to Be Honest. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in
Chinese.
（1）当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象;
（2）诚实利人利已，做人应该诚实。
（二）对某一事物的正反两方面发表看法
就某一事物的正反两方面发表看法即：说明某一事物的利和弊（如：Advantages and
Disadvantages of Something或 Positive and Negative Aspects of Something）。其常见的表达
方式为：
1．某一事物（带来）的好处；
2．这一事物可能（给……）带来的问题或弊端；
3．我对这一事物的体会或我怎样对待这一事物。
例如：
1．Positive and Negative Aspects of Sports (CET-4, 1993.01)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic
Positive and Negative Aspects of Sport. You should write no less than 100 words, and you should
base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）运动的积极因素；
（2）运动的消极因素；
（3）你的体会。
2．The Two-Day Weekend (CET-4, 1996.01)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
The Two-day Weekend. You should write at least 100 words, and you should base your
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）双休日给大学生带来的好处；
（2）双休日可能给大学生带来的问题；
（3）我应当怎样过好双休日。
段落布局
（一）对某一事物的利或弊单方面发表看法的段落布局
大学英语应试作文中对某一事物的利或弊单方面发表看法的段落布局结构是：
第一段：引言说明某一事物的现状，指出它能带来的利或弊；
第二段：说明这一事物带来的好处或可能带来的问题或弊端；
第三段：阐述自己对这一事物的看法或怎样对待这一事物
（二）对某一事物的正反两方面发表看法的段落布局
第一段：引言说明某一事物的现状，指出其具有两面性；
第二段：说明这一事物带来的好处
第三段：说明这一事物可能带来的问题或弊端
第四段：阐述自己对这一事物的看法或怎样对待这一事物。
常用句型

1．开头部分常用句型
At present Nowadays, …is are popular common around us. …play(s) an important part
role in…. Like everything else, …has have both advantages and disadvantages positive and
negative aspects favorable and unfavorable sides.
At present Nowadays Today, …has have brought a lot of troubles to our daily life. First, ….
Second, …. What makes things worse is that….
At present Nowadays, …is are popular common around us. …play(s) an important part
role in…. which has have brought great benefits harm troubles to….
…has have been playing an increasingly important role in our day- to-day life. It has brought
us a lot of benefits, but has created some serious problems as well.
Currently there is a widespread concern that….
Everything has two sides and…is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.
It does us a lot of good harm.
It has the following advantages strong points benefits positive effects disadvantages
weaknesses drawbacks negative effects faults defects.
It is beneficial to….
It is good harmful.
It is quite clear that…because….
More and more people have come to realize….
Now it is commonly held that…but I doubt whether….
Now people in growing numbers are coming to realize that….
The advantages strong points benefits positive effects are much greater than far outweigh
its disadvantages weaknesses drawbacks negative effects faults defects.
There is a general discussion today about the issue of….
There is no doubt that….
These days we are often told that…, but is this really the case?
Recently the issue of…has been brought to public attention.
Too much emphasis placed on importance attached to attention paid to…may overlook
neglect ignore other facts….
Wonderful Superior Good as…is, it brings us its own problems has its own disadvantages
weaknesses drawbacks negative effects faults defects.
2．中心部分常用句型
A case in point is….
A may be preferable to…, but it suffers from the disadvantages that….
A number of factors could account for the development in….
A number of further facts may be added….
A recent investigation indicates that….
A’s advantage sounds ridiculous when B’s advantages are taken into consideration.
According to a latest study, it can be predicted….
According to the statistics provided….
According to Based on my personal experience, ….
All the facts suggest that….

Although A has gains enjoys considerable enormous advantages strong points benefits
of…, it cannot compete with B in….
Among the most convincing reasons given, one should be mentioned….
Another case in point is….
Another special consideration in this case is that….
As an old saying proverb goes runs says, ….
As far as I am concerned, however, I believe that….
As far as I know, the following advantage (advantages) disadvantage (disadvantages)
positive effect (effects) negative effect (effects) strong point (points) weakness (weaknesses) is
are of great help to us.
As for me, I'm firmly convinced that…, for the following reasons:
As for me, I'm in favor of the opinion that…. for the following reasons:
As for me, with the development of our…, all these disadvantages negative effects
weaknesses will certainly be overcome step by step.
As for me, with the development of…, all these problems will certainly be solved step by step.
But things are changing from person time place to person time place.
Compared with A, B has gains enjoys much considerable enormous advantages strong
points benefits of….
Contrary to As opposed to generally commonly widely held accepted belief idea opinion
view, I think believe argue that….
Different people observe it in different ways.
Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.
Examples given lead us me to conclude that….
For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.
Generally Generally speaking In general On the whole, the advantages positive aspects
favorable sides of something can be listed as follows. First Firstly In the first place, …. Second
Secondly In the second place, …. Furthermore Besides, ….
However, as a very popular saying goes “everything has two sides”. Something has two
three several disadvantages negative aspects unfavorable sides. The disadvantages negative
aspects unfavorable sides can not be ignored. Great attention should be paid to its disadvantages
negative aspects unfavorable sides for the following reasons. For one thing, …. For another, ….
Furthermore Besides, ….
However, it is a pity that they neglect the following important advantage (advantages)
positive effect (effects) negative effect (effects) strong point (points) weakness (weaknesses).
However, the same is not applicable to….
I am always amazed when I heard people saying that….
In my opinion, there are at least two three major important essential critical key reasons
factors that should be first taken into consideration.
In my opinion, this point of view doesn't hold water.
In the last few decades, advances in science and technology society industry agriculture
have made it possible for people to understand see clearly that the advantages positive effects
strong points of this phenomenon situation problem statement are much greater than far
outweigh its disadvantages negative effects weaknesses. First, …. Second, …. Third, ….

In view of the seriousness of this phenomenon situation problem, effective measures should
be taken to…. First, …. Second, …. Third,….
It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than….
It has been illustrated that….
It is high time that we put considerable emphasis on….
It is not simple to give the reason for this complicated phenomenon.
It is one thing to insist that…, it is quite another to show that….
It is true that…but the chief faults obvious defects are….
It reveals the unquestionable fact that….
It would be reasonable to take the view that…, but it would be foolish to claim that….
Like anything else, it has its own disadvantages weaknesses drawbacks negative effects
faults defects.
No one can deny the fact that….
Nonetheless, I believe that…is more advantageous.
Now more and more large numbers of people people in growing numbers are beginning
starting getting coming to see understand know realize accept believe be aware of that….
On the contrary，there are some people in favor of favor…. They say that….
One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is….
People used to think..., but things are different now.
Perhaps the primary reason is….
Personally, I am on the side of the former latter view idea opinion argument answer. For
one thing, …. For another, ….
So long as we regard this as reasonable, we may….
Some people say…, but it does not hold water can’t bear a closer examination analysis.
Somebody believes argues holds insists thinks that….
Take…for example instance.
The advantages strong points benefits of A are much greater than far outweigh those of B.
The advantages strong points benefits of A are much greater than far outweigh its
disadvantages weaknesses side-effects.
The change in…largely results from the fact that….
The effect influence impact advantage positive side strong point disadvantage negative
side weakness phenomenon problem occurs from results from follows from is a result of is
due to….
The following are the reasons of for my choice personal inclination. First, while it is true
that…, it doesn’t mean follow that…. Second…. Furthermore….
The importance of…cannot be overemphasized.
The reasons are as follows. First, there is an element of truth that…but it doesn’t follow mean
that….
The reasons for…are complicated, and probably they are found in the fact….
There are several reasons for this problem. One of the main reasons is that…. Another primary
reason is that….
There are two three reasons for…. In the first place On the one hand, …. In the second place
On the other hand, …. Furthermore, ….
There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to….

There is in fact no reason for us to believe that….
There is no sufficient evidence to show that….
This can be expressed as follows:
To understand see make clear explain the advantage (advantages) positive effect (effects)
negative effect (effects) strong point (points) weakness (weaknesses), there are at least three
things we can do. First Firstly In the first place, …. Second Secondly In the second place, ….
Furthermore Besides, ….
We may face the undeniable fact that….
We must understand see make clear explain make use of the advantage (advantages)
positive effect (effects) negative effect(effects) strong point(points) weakness(weaknesses) in
the following ways. First Firstly In the first place, …. Second Secondly In the second place, ….
Furthermore Besides, ….
We must understand see make clear explain the advantage (advantages) positive effect
(effects) negative effect (effects) strong point (points) weakness (weaknesses) for three major
reasons. First Firstly In the first place, …. Second Secondly In the second place, ….
Furthermore Besides, ….
What is more serious is that many people still do not understand the importance of these
advantages.
What seems to be the trouble is….
What these people fail to consider is that….
When it comes to When talking about When asked about something the majority
of people believe that its advantages are much greater than its disadavantages. But is
this really the case?
3. 转折部分常用句型
Although I appreciate that…, I cannot agree with the first former second latter statement.
Although it is commonly widely generally universally held felt accepted agreed
acknowledged that…, it is unlikely to be true that….
Although many people believe that…, I doubt wonder whether the idea view opinion
argument can bear much analysis close examination hold water.
Among the most convincing important reasons factors aspects examples given cited
offered identified by people for…, one should be stressed emphasized mentioned.
However, it gives rise to a number of problems.
However, just logical sound valid this argument may be, it only skims the surface of the
problem.
I agree with the above statement because I believe hold maintain think argue that….
I believe that the first former second latter statement is valid because (of)….
In all the discussion debate over about…, one essential important basic fact is generally
overlooked neglected.
It is true that True, To be sure, Admittedly,…, but this is not to say it is unlikely it doesn’t
follow it doesn’t mean it won’t be the case that….
It would be inevitable possible natural reasonable to think believe hold maintain argue
that…, but it would be absurd wrong to claim argue that….
Nonetheless, I believe that…is more advantageous.

On the other hand, As opposed to Contrary to widely commonly generally universally
held accepted belief idea view opinion, I believe hold maintain think argue that….
The advantages of…outweigh any benefit we gained from carry more weight than those of
are much greater better than….
The main obvious flaw drawback disadvantage weakness negative effect harm danger in
this idea opinion argument view remark is that it is ignorant of blind to the basic bare fact
that….
There is absolutely in fact no every reason for us to believe hold maintain think argue
accept resist reject that….
There is an element of truth in this idea opinion argument view remark statement, but it
ignores a deeper and more important essential vital basic fact reason cause factor aspect
that….
These advantages disadvantages are now being questioned by more and more people.
These advantages disadvantages have caused wide public concern in many parts of the world.
Too much emphasis placed on attention paid to importance attached to these advantages
disadvantages may obscure overlook neglect other facts.
4．结尾部分常用句型：
From what has been discussed described mentioned said above Judging from By all the
evidence offered Taking into account all these factors Finally Lastly Consequently, we may
come to arrive at reach draw the conclusion that we may conclude that......
From the dialectical point of view, the disadvantages negative aspects unfavorable sides of
something can be converted to the advantages positive aspects favorable sides of something.
From Based on On the basis of In accordance with According to what we have just
analyzed discussed above Through above analysis, we may draw reach come to arrive at the
conclusion that…. In my opinion, the advantages positive aspects favorable sides of something
outweigh are far better than the disadvantages negative aspects unfavorable sides of something.
I fully agree with the statement that…because….
In conclusion In a word In short On the whole To conclude To sum up Therefore From
the foregoing, it is clear obvious evident that….
In this light, if we can make good use of these advantages, there can surely be no doubt that
we will get somewhere in the future.
On account of this we can find that….
Taking into account all these factors, we may we may draw reach come to arrive at the
conclusion that….
The conclusion that can be drawn reached from all the above discussed described
mentioned said is that….
Therefore, these findings reveal the following information:
Therefore So Thus Hence, we should maximize the advantages positive aspects favorable
sides of something, minimize the disadvantages of something, make best use of its advantages
positive aspects favorable sides, and try our best to avoid the disadvantages negative aspects
unfavorable sides of something to achieve our desired goal.

第三节 解决问题型
一、常见命题形式
大学英语考试写作中，解决 问题型作文的出现频率也是比较高的。解决问题型作文要求
我们就如何解决某一（些）问题或困难发表自 己的看法。解决问题型作文题主要有三种出题
形式：
（一）提出解决问题途径型
提 出解决问题途径型作文的命题形式是：首先提出某一（些）需解决的问题，然后直接
或间接地要求我们提 出相应的解决途径。
例如：
1．How I Overcame My Difficulties in English Learning (CET-4, 1992.06)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic
How I Overcame my Difficulties in Learning English. You should write at least 100 words, and
you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1） 你在英语学习中有哪些困难？
（2） 你是如何克服这些困难的？
2．Getting to Know the World outside the Campus (CET-4, 1997.06)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
Getting to Know the World Outside the Campus. You should write at least 100 words, and you
should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）大学生了解社会的必要性；
（2）了解社会的途径（大众媒介、社会服务等）；
（3）我打算怎么做。
（二）说明解决问题途径理由型
说明解决问题途径理由型作 文的出题形式是：先要求我们提出某一（些）问题或困难的
解决途径，然后说明哪种途径最适合于自己。 例如：
1．How I Finance My College Education (CET-4, 2000.01)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
How I Finance My College Education. You should write at least 100 words, and base your
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）上大学的费用(tuition and fees)可以通过各种途径解决；
（2）哪种途径适合于我（说明理由）。
2．How to Succeed in a Job Interview? (CET-6, 2001.01)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
How to Succeed in a Job Interview? You should write at least 120 words, and base your
composition on the outline given in Chinese below:
（1）现在找工作一般都要面试；
（2）面试成功的主要途径有哪些？
（3）说明选择的理由。
（三）解释解决问题途径原因型

解释解决 问题途径原因型作文的出题形式是：首先提出某一（些）需解决的问题或困难，
然后要求我们解释出现这 一（些）问题或困难的原因，最后要求我们提出解决问题或困难的
途径。
例如：
1．Make Our City Greener (CET-4, 1990.06)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic
Make Our City Greener. You should write no less than 100 words, and you should base your
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）城市绿化的状况；
（2）绿化的好处（如：清洁空气，美化城市，改善气候......）；
（3）怎样才能实现绿化?
2．The Career I Pursue (CET-6, 1994.06)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
The Career I Pursue. You should write no less than 120 words, and you should base your
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）我理想的职业是什么？
（2）为什么我选择这个职业？
（3）我怎样为我理想的职业做准备？
3．Global Shortage of Fresh Water (CET-4, 1996.06)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
Global Shortage of Fresh Water. You should write at least 100 words, and you should base your
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）人们认为淡水是取之不尽的（提示：雨水、河水、井水……）；
（2）实际上淡水是非常紧缺的（提示：人口增长、工业用水增加、污染……）；
（3）我们应该怎么办？
二、段落布局
解决问题型作文一般有以下三种段落布局：
1．提出解决问题途径型作文的段落布局：
第一段：引言——提出需要解决的问题或遇到的困难；
第二段：正文——说明问题或困难的不同方面及如何一一解决；
第三段：结论——展望问题或困难解决的前景。
2．说明解决问题途径理由型作文的段落布局：
第一段：引言——指出需要解决的问题或遇到的困难；
第二段：提出解决问题或困难的各种途径；
第三段：说明哪种途径适合于我及其理由；
第四段：结论，重申自己选择的途径的合理性。
3．解释解决问题的原因及途径型作文的段落布局：
第一段：引言——指出出现的问题或提出一种错误的观念；
第二段：说明出现这一问题的原因或指出这一观念错误的原因；
第三段：提出解决问题的各种途径；
第四段：结论，表达我对问题能被妥善解决的信心或预测采取这些措施后的结果。
常用句型

1．开头部分常用句型
At Present Now Nowadays, people in growing numbers are coming to realize that the
problem of…, which has aroused close social attention great concern.
Among them, my favorite ideal opinion view argument is….
It is widely assumed that…, they think…because…. Actually In fact As a matter of fact, ….
Recently the issue of…has been brought to public attention.
Something is very popular among common around us.
Something plays an important role part in….
The problem of that…has become a hot topic among people, especially among the….
The problem of…is very popular among common around us.
There is a general discussion today about the issue of….
Why should more and more people pay so great attention to this problem?
With the development advance of…, more and more an increasing number of people are
facing have to face the problem of….
With the development advancement of science and technology economy society, more and
more an increasing number of people pay attention to realize the characteristics advantages
of….
2．中心部分常用句型
A number of factors are accountable for this phenomenon problem difficulty situation.
A number of factors might contribute to lead to account for the phenomenon problem
difficulty situation.
Among the most important significant convincing reasons given offered cited listed by
people for this phenomenon change increase decrease growth fall decline…, one should be
emphasized stressed mentioned.
Another contributing factor cause is….
As far as…is concerned, the matter problem phenomenon can be solved handled tackled
dealt with coped with in another way.
But the fundamental cause is that….
Confronted Faced with the matter problem phenomenon, we should take a series of
effective measures countermeasures methods to solve handle tackle deal with cope with
it. First Firstly In the first place, …. Second Secondly In the second place, ….
Furthermore Besides, …
Following these countermeasures measures efforts advices suggestions proposals
methods steps may not solve handle tackle deal with cope with end put an end to
prevent guarantee the solution to the problem phenomenon completely, but I think the

payoff will be worth our effort.
It is conceivable that…plays an important role in our life.
It is high time that we the authorities concerned should end put an end to the phenomenon
situation trend as soon as possible at once right away now.
It is high time that we the authorities concerned should place put lay great considerable
special particular proper emphasis on this these problem problems.
It is important essential necessary fundamental that strong effective proper measures
steps actions remedies be taken to end put an end to prevent the phenomenon situation as soon
as possible at once right away now.
It is proposed advised suggested recommended hoped that great cooperative persistent
efforts should be made to prevent stop control promote the development growth increase
decrease decline fall of….
It may give rise to a host number of problems.
It will exercise a profound effect impact influence upon…
It will exert still greater pressure on….
Its consequence can be so great that….
One of the most common factors causes is that….
Part of the explanation for it is that….
Perhaps the primary factor is that….
That's the reason why I ….
The answer to this problem involves many factors.
The change in…largely results from the fact that….
The factors that contribute to this situation include….
The immediate result it produces is….
The leading major main root underlying reason cause for this phenomenon change
increase decrease growth fall decline is….
The phenomenon problem difficulty situation mainly stems results from the fact that….
The reasons for this phenomenon problem difficulty situation are as follows.
The reasons for this phenomenon problem difficulty situation are obvious.
There are many factors causes reasons that may account for contribute to be responsible for
the phenomenon problem trend, …, but in general, they come down to two three four major
ones.
There are three several various a number of a variety of many reasons causes for this
phenomenon change increase decrease growth fall decline…. First Firstly First of all In the
first place On the one hand, …. Second Secondly In the second place Next On the other
hand, …. Third Besides Last but not least Finally, ….
They gave many reasons for…, but none of them was convincing.
To solve handle tackle deal with cope with this problem, there are at least three things we
can do. First Firstly In the first place, …. Second Secondly In the second place, ….
Furthermore Besides, …
We can resort to various ways There are different ways to tackle solve handle deal with
cope with the phenomenon problem difficulty situation. Firstly, …. Secondly, …. Finally
Lastly, ….

We may blame…, but the real causes are….
We must solve handle tackle deal with cope with pay attention to this problem in the
following ways for the following reasons. First Firstly In the first place, …. Second Secondly
In the second place, …. Furthermore Besides, …
We The authorities concerned should spare no effort make every effort to solve handle
tackle deal with cope with end put an end to prevent guarantee the solution to the
phenomenon problem difficulty situation.
Why should we do are we doing did we...? For one thing, …. For another….
3．过渡部分最常用句型
A close careful inspection examination scrutiny of this idea view opinion argument would
reveal how flimsy groundless fallacious it is.
Although I appreciate that…, I cannot agree with the first former second latter statement.
Although it is commonly widely generally universally held felt accepted agreed
acknowledged that…, it is unlikely to be true that….
Although many people believe that…, I doubt wonder whether the idea view opinion
argument can bear much analysis close examination hold water.
Among the most convincing important reasons factors aspects examples given cited
offered identified by people for the phenomenon problem difficulty situation, one should be
stressed emphasized mentioned.
Different people have different attitudes towards the phenomenon problem difficulty
situation. Some are for in favor of favor…while others are against….
However, just logical sound valid this argument may be, it only skims the surface of the
problem.
I agree with the above mentioned solutions measures ways because I believe hold maintain
think that the problem will be solved step by step with these solutions measures ways.
I believe that the first former second latter solution measure way is valid because (of)….
In all the discussion debate over about the phenomenon problem difficulty situation, one
essential important basic fact is generally overlooked neglected.
It is true that True, To be sure, Admittedly, …, but this is not to say it is unlikely it doesn’t
follow it doesn’t mean it won’t be the case that….
It would be inevitable possible natural reasonable to think believe hold maintain argue
that…, but it would be absurd wrong to claim argue that….
On the other hand, As opposed to Contrary to widely commonly generally universally
held accepted belief ideas views opinions, I believe hold maintain think argue that….
People differ in their attitudes towards…. Faced with it, some of them…. Others, however, ….
The advantages of…outweigh any benefit we gained from carry more weight than those of
are much greater better than….
The latest surveys show that….
The main obvious great problem fact point flaw drawback disadvantage weakness
negative effect harm danger with in this idea view opinion argument view remark is that it is
ignorant of blind to the basic bare fact that….
The problem fact truth point flaw drawback advantage disadvantage strongpoint
weakness positive effect negative effect harm danger is that….

There is absolutely in fact no every reason for us to believe hold maintain think argue
accept resist reject that….
There is an element of truth in this idea opinion argument view remark statement, but it
ignores a deeper and more important essential vital basic fact reason cause factor aspect
that….
This phenomenon issue idea opinion argument view remark statement has caused wide
public concern in many parts of the world.
This phenomenon idea view opinion argument remark statement is now being questioned
by more and more people.
Too much emphasis placed on attention paid to importance attached to…may obscure
overlook neglect other facts….
We don’t have to look very far to see find out make out the truth of this phenomenon idea
view opinion argument remark statement.
4．结尾部分常用句型
As far as I’m concerned, I am for in favor of favor support the above discussed mentioned
solutions measures ways. Therefore, my conclusion is that….
As for me, I'm firmly convinced that….
As for me, I'm in favor of the view idea opinion argument that….
As for me, with the rapid development of society science and technology industry
agriculture economy, all these problems will certainly be solved step by step.
Based on what we have discussed above, we may draw come to reach arrive at the
conclusion that….
Consequently Personally, I’m in favor of the former latter first second view idea opinion
argument. Therefore, we may conclude that….
For my part, I agree with the former latter first second view idea opinion argument.
For those people who…, it is important to…. Just as an old saying goes….
From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that….
From what has been discussed described mentioned said above Judging from By all the
evidence offered Taking into account all these factors Finally Lastly Consequently, we may
come to arrive at reach draw the conclusion that we may conclude that….
From what I have mentioned above, we can see clearly that….
I believe predict suggest that….
In accordance with According to Based on On the basis of what we have just discussed
described mentioned said above, we may come to arrive at reach draw the conclusion that we
may conclude that….
In conclusion In my opinion, I support the former latter first second view idea opinion
argument. Therefore, my conclusion is that….
In conclusion, it is imperative that….
In conclusion, we must lay emphasis on this problem and exert every effort to solve it
thoroughly.
In conclusion, we must lay emphasis on this problem and make our maximum contribution to
help solve it.
In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on

it.
In conclusion In a word On the whole To conclude To sum up Therefore From the
foregoing, it is clear obvious evident that….
In summary brief short, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned problem, more
problems will crop up.
In view of such a serious situation Against this background, strong measures should be taken
to….
It is high time that strict measures were taken to….
It is high time that the authorities concerned we should take strong effective proper
measures steps actions to solve handle tackle deal with cope with end put an end to prevent
this problem.
It is important to take actions to solve handle tackle deal with cope with end put an end to
prevent this problem.
It is necessary imperative essential important crucial vital for us to take effective measures
to….
It is necessary imperative essential important crucial vital that steps should be taken to
solve handle tackle deal with cope with end put an end to prevent this problem.
It is not what you say but what you do that really counts.
It is only through these measures that the problem will be solved completely.
It is suggested that…ought to make efforts to….
It must be noted that….
Let us work hand in hand to solve handle tackle deal with cope with end put an end to
prevent this problem.
Moreover, many people, including…, are beginning to believe that….
No one can doubt the essential fact that….
On account of the reasons above, we may come to reach draw the conclusion conclude
that….
On no account can we ignore the value of….
On the whole In general Generally Generally speaking All in all By and large As a result
In a word In short As a whole, these solutions measures methods steps will help us solve the
problem step by step.
Only in this way can we solve the problem completely.
Proper measures must be taken to solve handle tackle deal with cope with end put an end
to prevent this problem.
Since the situation phenomenon problem is around the corner, we are compelled to take
strong measures to solve handle tackle deal with cope with end put an end to prevent this
situation phenomenon problem.
Since it is unnecessary to…, we should not….
So precious is our time that we can't afford to waste it.
Taking all these factors aspects into account, we have to take effective measures to solve the
problem as soon as possible.
The above discussed mentioned solutions measures ways have a great impact influence
effect on….
The information I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that….

There is no denying that the problem is hard to solve, but we can work hand in hand to find
out a new solution to it.
There is no doubt that….
This is a matter of life and death－a matter nobody no government can afford to ignore.
This view has been shared now by more and more people experts students.
Those who are in favor of…will….
To conclude, it seems clear that….
To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must work hand in hand to achieve our desired
goal.
We cannot emphasize the importance of the problem too much.
We must do more than identify the causes of the problem difficulty; it is important for us to
take actions to solve handle tackle deal with cope with it right away at once as soon as
possible.
We should bring home to people the significance importance of solving the problem.
We should do our best to achieve our goal in solving the problem completely.
We should get into the habit of doing….
We should not let the golden opportunity slip by. On the contrary, we should take hold of
grasp seize hold grip fast any opportunity and face the challenge with determination
confidence courage wisdom.
We should spare no efforts to solve handle tackle deal with cope with the problem
completely.
With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be completely solved.
解释缘由型
一、常见命题形式
在大学英语应试作文题中，要求我们解释形成某一现 象、问题或趋势的原因，或说明喜
欢或选择某一事物的理由的题的出现频率是最高的。解释原因或说明理 由型作文的命题形式
主要有以下两种：
（一）解释原因型
解释原因型作文最常见的出题形式为：
1．指出某一现象、问题或趋势的现状；
2．解释形成这一现象、问题或趋势的原因；
3．总结、归纳结论，重申我喜欢或选择的合理性或预测其前景。
例如：
1．The Celebration of Western Festivals (CET-6 2006.12)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The
Celebration of Western Festivals. You should write at least 150 words following the outline
below:
（1）现在国内有不少人喜欢过西方的某些节日；
（2）产生这种现象的原因；
（3）这种现象可能带来的影响。
2．My Most Favourite Programme (CET-4, 1993.06)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My

Favorite Programme. You should write no less than 100 words and you should base your
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）我喜爱的电视（或无线电）节目是……；
（2）这类节目的内容和特点；
（3）我喜欢它的原因。
3．Bicycle——an Important Means of Transport in China (CET-4, 1991.01)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition about Bicycle
—
—
an Important Means of Transport in China. You should base your composition on the
following outline:
（1）为什么自行车在中国这样普及？
（2）和汽车比较；
（3）自行车在中国的前途。
4．Harmfulness of Fake Commodities (CET-4, 1998.01)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic
Harmfulness of Fake Commodities. You should write at least 100 words and you should base
your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品（fake commodities）。为什么会有这种现象？
（2）举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会的危害。
5．My View on Job Hopping (CET-6, 1997. 06)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
My View on Job Hopping. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）有些人喜欢始终从事一种工作，因为……；
（2）有些人喜欢经常更换工作，因为……；
（3）我的看法。
（二）说明理由型
说明理由型作文最常见的出题形式为：
（1）指出某一事物的特点或优点；
（2）说明喜欢或选择某一事物的特点或优点的理由；
（3）总结、归纳结论，或提出看法或建议。
例如：
1．Advantages of a Job Interview (CET-4, 1995.06)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic
Advantage of a Job Interview. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）现在找工作一般都进行要面试，通过面试，面试者（interviewer）和 应试者
（interviewee）可以相互了解情况；
（2）面试者可以向应试者介绍情况，如工作性质、条件、待遇等；
（3）应试者也有机会给 对方留下一个好的印象，如可以表现出自信心，可以介绍教育
背景、工作能力等。
2．Make Our City Greener（CET-4, 1990.06）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the title
Make Our City Greener, your composition should be based on the following outline:

（1）城市绿化的现状；
（2）绿化的好处（如：清洁空气，美化城市，改善气候......）；
（3）怎么样才能实现绿化？
3．The World Is Getting Smaller and Smaller（CET-4,1994.1）
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the title The
World Is Getting Smaller and Smaller in no less than 100 words. Your composition should be
based on the following outline:
（1）现代化的交通工具越来越发达；
（2）人与人之间的交往越来越频繁；
（3）结论。
4．How I Finance My College Education (CET-4，2000. 01)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
How I Finance My College Education. You should write at least 100 words, and base your
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）上大学的费用（tuition and fees）可以通过多种途径解决；
（2） 哪种途径适合于我（说明理由）？
5．A Campaign Speech （CET-4, 2005.01）
（1）你认为自己具备什么条件（能力，性格，爱好）可以胜任学生会主席工作？
（2）如果当选你将会为本校同学做什么？
二、段落布局
（一）解释原因型文章的段落布局
大学英语考试作文中解释原因型文章的段落布局是：
第一段：概述某一现象、问题或趋势的现状；
第二段：解释形成这一现象、问题或趋势的原因；
第三段：总结、归纳结论，重申我喜欢或选择的合理性或预测其前景。
常用句型
1．开头部分常用句型
Among them, my favorite ideal opinion view argument is….
At present Now Nowadays, something plays an important role part in…. something is very
popular common around us.
Currently there is a widespread concern that….
Faced with…, quite a few people argue that…, but other people conceive differently.
Generally speaking….
It goes without saying that….
It is clear obvious that….
Many people often ask….
Now it is commonly held that…but I doubt whether….
Now more and more large numbers of people people in growing numbers are beginning
starting getting coming to see understand know realize accept believe be aware of that….
People Experts in increasing numbers are beginning to believe that such a situation would
produce result in contribute to cause bring about lead to is responsible for is the reason for

unfavorable effects on….
Some people believe that….
The effect influence impact advantage positive side strong point disadvantage negative
side weakness phenomenon problem occurs from results from follows from is a result of is
due to….
There is a general discussion today about the issue of….
There is no doubt that….
These days we are often told that…, but is this really the case?
What are the reasons for this phenomenon trend?
With the rapid development advance of science and technology economy society…, more
and more an increasing number of people are paying attention to are realizing the characteristics
advantages of….
2．中心部分常用句型
A may be preferable to…, but it suffers from the disadvantages that….
A number of factors reasons causes aspects are accountable for responsible for lead to
bring about result in produce contribute to this phenomenon situation problem statement.
First Firstly In the first place, …. Second Secondly In the second place, …. Furthermore
Besides, ….
A number of further facts may be added to support my opinion.
According to Based on my personal experience, ….
All available evidence points to the fact that….
All the facts suggest that….
Among the most important significant convincing reasons given offered cited listed by
people for this phenomenon change increase decrease growth fall decline…, one should be
emphasized stressed mentioned.
Another contributing factor cause is….
As an old saying proverb goes runs says, “everything has two sides.”
As far as I am concerned, I agree with the first second view idea opinion argument answer.
As far as I know, the following measures ways solutions steps are of great help to us.
As for me, I'm in favor of favor the opinion that…for the following reasons:
Besides, we should not neglect that….
But the problem is not so simple. Therefore, ….
But things are changing from person time place to person time place.
Contrary to As opposed to generally commonly widely held accepted beliefs ideas
opinions views, I think believe argue that….
Examples given lead me to conclude that….
For my part, I agree with the former latter opinion for the following reasons:
However, the same is not applicable to…
I agree with the above statement because I believe that….
I believe that the statement is valid because (of)….
I do not believe that….
In general, I don’t agree with….

In my opinion, there are at least two three major important essential critical key reasons
causes factors that should first be taken into consideration.
In my opinion, this point of view doesn’t hold water.
In the last few decades, advances in science and technology society industry agriculture
have made it possible for people to understand see clearly that the advantages positive effects
strong points of this phenomenon situation problem statement are much greater than far
outweigh its disadvantages negative effects weaknesses. First, …. Second, …. Third, ….
In view of the seriousness of this phenomenon situation problem, effective measures should
be taken to…. First, …. Second, …. Third,….
It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than time.
It has been illustrated that….
It is high time that we put considerable emphasis on….
It is not simple to give the reason for this complicated phenomenon.
It is one thing to insist that…, it is quite another to show that ….
It is true that…but the chief faults obvious defects are….
It may give rise to a host number of problems.
It provides a good example instance of….
It reveals the unquestionable fact that….
It will exercise a profound effect impact influence upon….
It would be reasonable to take the view that…, but it would be foolish to claim that….
My view idea opinion reason may be expressed as follows.
None of the solutions is quite satisfactory. The problem should be examined in a new way.
One of the most common factors causes is that….
One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is….
Others may find this to be true, but I believe that….
Part of the explanation for it is that….
People used to think..., but things are different now.
Perhaps the primary factor is that….
Personally, I am on the side of the former latter view idea opinion argument answer for the
following three reasons. For one thing, …. For another, …. Besides, ….
So long as we regard this as reasonable, we may….
Some people say…, but their statement idea viewpoint opinion does not hold water can’t
bear a closer examination analysis.
Take the case of….
Take…for example instance.
That's the reason why I….
The change in…largely results from the fact that….
The chief reason why…is that….
The factors that contribute to this situation include….
The following are the causes of reasons for my choice personal inclination. First, while it is
true that…, it doesn’t mean follow that…. Second…. Furthermore….
The idea may be proved by the following facts.
The immediate result it produces is….
The importance of…cannot be overemphasized.

The leading major main root underlying reason cause for this phenomenon change
increase decrease growth fall decline is….
The phenomenon mainly results from stems from is due to the fact that….
The reasons are as follows. First, there is an element of truth that…but it doesn’t follow mean
that….
The reasons for our choice are obvious.
The reasons for this phenomenon problem trend are as follows.
The reasons for this phenomenon problem trend are complicated.
There are many factors causes reasons that may account for contribute to be responsible for
the phenomenon problem trend, …, but in general, they come down to two three four major
ones. First Firstly First of all In the first place On the one hand, …. Second Secondly In the
second place Next On the other hand, …. Third Besides Last but not least Finally, ….
There are three several various a number of a variety of many reasons causes for this
phenomenon change increase decrease growth fall decline…. First Firstly First of all In the
first place On the one hand, …. Second Secondly In the second place Next On the other
hand, …. Third Besides Last but not least Finally, ….
There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to….
There is no sufficient evidence to show that….
Therefore, the first second view idea opinion argument answer doesn’t hold water can not
bear much analysis can not stand up to close examination.
They gave many reasons for…, but none of them was convincing.
This can be expressed as follows:
To understand see make clear explain the phenomenon change increase decrease growth
fall decline, there are at least three things we can do. First Firstly In the first place, …. Second
Secondly In the second place, …. Furthermore Besides, ….
We have no reason reasons to believe that….
We may blame…, but the real causes are….
We may cite another example instance to illustrate….
We must face the undeniable fact that….
We must understand see make clear explain the phenomenon change increase decrease
growth fall decline in the following ways for three major reasons. First Firstly In the first
place, …. Second Secondly In the second place, …. Furthermore Besides, ….
What these people fail to consider understand is that….
Why…? The first reason is that…. The second reason is…. The third reason is….
3．过渡部分最常用句型
Although it is commonly widely generally universally held felt accepted agreed
acknowledged that…, it is unlikely to be true that….
Although many people believe that…, I doubt wonder whether the idea view opinion
argument can bear much analysis close examination can hold water.
Among the most convincing important reasons factors aspects examples given cited
offered identified by people for…, one should be stressed emphasized mentioned.
However, …gives rise to a number of problems.
However, just logical sound valid this argument may be, it only skims the surface of the

phenomenon issue problem.
In all the discussion debate over about…, one essential important basic fact is generally
overlooked neglected.
It is true that True, To be sure, Admittedly, …, but this is not to say it is unlikely it doesn’t
follow it doesn’t mean it won’t be the case that….
On the other hand, As opposed to Contrary to widely commonly generally universally
held accepted beliefs ideas views opinions, I believe hold maintain think argue that….
On the surface At first sight At first glance At first thought, it this may seem a sound an
attractive suggestion solution answer way idea, but after careful consideration on closer
analysis, we find that….
The main obvious great problem fact point disadvantage weakness negative effect harm
danger with in this idea view opinion argument remark is that it is ignorant of blind to the
basic bare fact that….
There is absolutely in fact no every reason for us to believe hold maintain think argue
accept resist reject that….
There is an element of truth in this idea view opinion argument remark statement, but it
ignores a deeper and more important essential vital basic fact reason cause factor aspect
that….
This phenomenon idea view opinion argument remark statement is now being questioned
by more and more people.
Too much emphasis placed on attention paid to importance attached to…may obscure
overlook neglect other facts….
4．结尾部分常用句型
According to a recent study, it can be predicted….
Against this background In view of such a serious situation, effective measures should be
taken to….
All the analysis evidence supports the unmistakable conclusion that….
Although many people tend to…, an increasing amount of evidence shows that….
Although…has have been dramatically changed over the past few years, it must be admitted
that we have to face….
Anybody who is blind to this point may pay a heavy price.
As far as I’m concerned, I am for in favor of favor support the former latter first second
view idea opinion argument. Therefore, my conclusion is that….
As for me, I'm firmly convinced that….
As for me, with the rapid development of society science and technology industry
agriculture…, all these problems will certainly be solved step by step.
Based on what we have discussed above, we may reach draw come to reach arrive at the
conclusion that….
For those people who…, it is important to…. Just as an old saying goes….
From what has been discussed described mentioned said above Judging from By all the
evidence offered Taking into account all these factors Consequently, we may come to arrive at
reach draw the conclusion that we may conclude that….
I believe predict suggest that….

In accordance with According to Based on On the basis of what we have just discussed
described mentioned said above, we may come to arrive at reach draw the conclusion that we
may conclude that….
In conclusion, it is imperative that….
In conclusion In a word In short On the whole To conclude To sum up Therefore From
the foregoing, we must lay emphasis on this problem and exert every effort to solve it thoroughly
we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on it it is clear
obvious evident that….
In summary brief short, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned problem, more
problems will crop up.
In this way, I believe that all people may be able to enjoy this opinion view idea.
It is high time that we put considerable emphasis on… that strict measures were taken to…
that all sides concerned took proper steps to solve the problem.
It is necessary imperative essential important crucial vital for us to take effective measures
to take actions to….
It is necessary imperative essential important crucial vital that steps strong measures
actions should be taken to….
It is only through these steps countermeasures actions that….
It is suggested that we ought to make efforts to….
No one can doubt the essential fact that….
On no account can we ignore the value of….
Proper measures must be taken to….
Since it is unnecessary to…, we should not….
The conclusion that can be drawn reached from all the above discussed described
mentioned said is that….
Therefore, these findings reveal the following information results:
Thus, this is the reason why we must….
To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must….
We cannot emphasize the importance of…too much.

第五节 阐述名言型
一、常见命题形式
阐述名言型作 文就是给出一句名言（或成语、格言等），要求我们解释这句名言，并证
明其合理性的一种作文。
一九九七年一月的大学英语四、六级考试的作文都是阐述名言型作文。它们的出题形
式都是：
1．怎样理解……？
2．举例说明……。
例如：
1．Practice Makes Perfect (CET-4, 1997. 01)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
Practice Makes Perfect. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）怎样理解“熟能生巧”？
（2）例如：在英语学习中……；
（3）又如……。
2．Haste Makes Waste (CET-6, 1997.01 )
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
Haste Makes Waste. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition
on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）为什么说“欲速则不达”？
（2）试举例说明。
3．Failure is the Mother of Success
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
Failure is the Mother of Success. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）怎样理解“失败乃成功之母”？
（2）试举例说明。
4．Knowledge Is Power
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
Knowledge Is Power. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition
on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
（1）为什么说“知识就是力量”？
（2）试举例说明
二、段落布局
根据上述例子可以看出，阐述名言型作文是一种以议论为主体，以例证为手段， 论证某
一名言、成语、格言等所蕴含的哲理的论说文体。它要求我们首先解释某一名言、成语或格
言，然后证明其合理性，最后敦促别人按名言行事。
阐述名言型作文的段落布局是：
第一段：引出名言并解释其含意；
第二段：举例证明名言的合理性；
第三段：做结论，重申名言的合理性，并敦促别人按名言行事。

常用句型
1．开头部分常用句型
As the old saying proverb goes runs says, ….
Besides, we should not neglect that….
Currently there is a widespread concern that….
Different people observe it in different ways.
Everybody knows that….
Generally speaking….
In my opinion, this point of view doesn’t hold water.
In other words, ….
It can be easily proved that….
It goes without saying that….
It is clear obvious that….
It is often said that….
It means….
No one can deny that….
Now more and more large numbers of people people in growing numbers are beginning
starting getting coming to see understand know realize accept believe be aware of the
significance importance of the proverb saying that….
That is….
The chief reason why…is that….
The famous saying proverb that…is very philosophical and hence universally accepted.
There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to….
There is an old saying proverb that….
There is in fact no reason for us to believe that….
There is no doubt that….
These days we are often told that…, but is this really the case?
This can be expressed as follows:
Though we are in basic agreement with…, but….
We have reasons to believe that….
We must recognize that….
2．中心部分常用句型

A case in point is….
A number of factors are accountable for this situation.
A number of factors might contribute to lead to account for….
A number of further facts may be added….
According to a recent study, it can be predicted….
According to Based on my personal experience, ….
All available evidence points to the fact that….
All the facts suggest that….
Another case in point is….
Another special consideration in this case is that….

As a popular saying goes, “everything has two sides.”
As far as I know As far as I am concerned, however, I believe that….
As for me, I'm firmly convinced that…, for the following reasons:
As for me, I'm in favor of the opinion that…for the following reasons:
Besides, we should not neglect that….
But the fundamental cause is that….
But things are changing from person time place to person time place.
Contrary to As opposed to generally commonly widely held accepted belief idea opinion
view, I think believe argue that….
Different people observe it in different ways.
Examples given lead us me to conclude that….
I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure.
I am of the opinion that….
It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than….
It has been illustrated that….
It is needless to say that….
It is obvious that….
It is reasonable to maintain that...but it would be foolish to claim that...
It provides a good example instance of….
It reveals the unquestionable fact that….
It will exercise a profound effect impact influence upon….
It will exert still greater pressure on….
Its consequence can be so great that….
Many examples can be cited to illustrate the saying proverb.
My view idea opinion argument reason may be expressed as follows.
No one can deny the fact that….
One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is….
People used to think..., but things are different now.
So long as we regard this as reasonable, we may….
Take the case of….
Take…for example instance.
The change in…largely results from the fact that….
The chief reason why…is that….
The effect influence impact advantage positive side strong point disadvantage negative
side weakness phenomenon problem occurs from results from follows from is a result of is
due to….
The factors that contribute to this situation include….
The following are the reasons for my choice personal inclination. First, while it is true that…,
it doesn’t mean follow that…. Second…. Furthermore….
The importance of the proverb saying cannot be overemphasized. We cannot emphasize the
importance significance of the proverb saying too much.
The reasons are as follows. First, there is an element of truth that…but it doesn’t follow
mean that….
The reasons for this are as follows.

The reasons for this are obvious.
The same is true of….
The saying proverb may be proved by facts….
There is no sufficient evidence to show that….
Therefore, we should realize that….
This can be expressed as follows:
To understand make sense out of see make clear explain follow make use of the
philosophical truth of the saying proverb, there are at least three things we can do. First Firstly
In the first place, …. Second Secondly In the second place, …. Furthermore Besides, ….
We have every reason to believe that….
We have no reason to believe that….
We may cite another example instance of….
We must understand make sense out of see make clear explain follow make use of the
philosophical truth of the saying proverb in the following ways. First Firstly In the first place, ….
Second Secondly In the second place, …. Furthermore Besides, ….
We must understand see make clear explain follow make use of the philosophical truth of
the saying proverb for the following reasons. First Firstly In the first place, …. Second
Secondly In the second place, …. Furthermore Besides, ….
3．转折部分常用句型
Although it is commonly widely generally universally held felt accepted agreed
acknowledged that…, it is unlikely to be true that….
Among the most convincing important reasons factors aspects examples given cited
offered identified by people for…, one should be stressed emphasized mentioned.
I agree with the above statement because I believe hold maintain think argue that….
It would be inevitable possible natural reasonable to think believe hold maintain argue
that…, but it would be absurd wrong to claim argue that….
On the surface At first sight At first glance At first thought, it this may seem a sound an
attractive suggestion solution answer way idea, but after careful consideration on closer
analysis, we find that….
We don’t have to look very far to see find out make out the truth of this saying proverb.
4．结尾部分常用句型
A much better and brighter future waits for….
Although many people tend to…, an increasing amount of evidence shows that….
Anyone who which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.
As for me, I am firmly convinced that….
From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that….
From what has been discussed described mentioned said above Judging from By all the
evidence offered Taking into account all these factors Consequently, we may come to arrive at
reach draw the conclusion that we may conclude that….
I believe predict suggest that ….
In conclusion, it goes without saying that….
In conclusion, it is imperative that….

In conclusion In a word In short On the whole To conclude To sum up Therefore From
the foregoing, it is clear obvious evident that….
In other words, we should try our best to achieve attain gain live up to our desired goal.
In this light, if we can follow what the proverb says, there can surely be no doubt that we will
get somewhere in the near future.
It is high time that we put considerable emphasis on….
It is important to take actions to….
No one can doubt the essential fact that….
On no account can we ignore the value of….
Since we have realized the essence of the proverb, we should bear it in mind as a motto for a
lifetime and always follow what the proverb says.
The conclusion that can be drawn reached from the above discussed described mentioned is
that….
The information I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that….
The saying proverb has a great impact influence effect on….
Therefore, these findings reveal the following information….
Therefore In conclusion To conclude, it goes without saying that….
Though the proverb saying is the experience of our forefathers, it is still correct even today.

第六节 分析图表型
一、常见命题形式
图表型作文就是用文字来表达图表信息的一种作文。图表型作文与段首句作文、提纲式
作文和图画型作文 不同，它要求我们首先要根据图表的标题对图表进行分析、研究，弄清图
表包含的各种信息及其关系，然 后对这些信息进行比较、概括和归纳，提炼出文章的中心思
想，并提出自己的看法和对策。图表型作文是 大学英语应试作文中最难的一种题型。图表型
作文常见的出题类型有以下四种：
（一） 表作文
表（Table）作文就是用表格信息来表达文章中心思想的作文。用表格表达信息具有准确、简洁的特点，表格中的各项数据一般都是按规律排列的，可以使大量数据系统化，便于
阅读、比 较和弄清图表包含的各种信息及其关系，从中概括、归纳、提炼出文章的中心思想。
例如：
Changes in People’s Diet (CET-4, 1999. 06)
Directions: Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the
information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to:
1. State the changes in people’s diet (饮食) in the past five years;
2. Give possible reasons for the changes;
3. Draw your own conclusions.
Your composition should be no less than 100 words and you should quote as few figures as
possible.
Year
Food
Grain
Milk
Meat
Fruit & Vegetable
Total
（二） 曲线图作文
曲线图（Line graph）作文就是用曲线图信息来表达文章中心思想的作文。曲线图也称
为线性图或坐标图，最适合表示两个变量之间的关系的发展过程和趋势。曲线图有横轴和纵
轴。曲线图 可以把相关信息直观、准确地反映在由垂直和水平轴构成的类似坐标系统上。水
平轴一般反映的是独立的 变量，如年、月、日等，垂直轴反映的是依附的变量，如重量、价
格、利润等。曲线图中可能是一条曲线 ，也可能是几条曲线，要求考生分析事物的发展情况
或对几种事物的发展进行对比。线形图作文要注意垂 直轴和水平轴计量单位的不同，以及每
条曲线所标示的准确含义。一般先看横轴所代表的数量或时间等， 然后再看纵轴所显示的意
义。例如：
Car Accidents Declining in Walton City (CET-6, 1991. 06)
Directions: Remember that your composition must be written according to the following
outline:
1. Rise and fall of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph;
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990
49%
10%
17%
24%
100%
47%
11%
20%
22%
100%
46.5%
11%
22.5%
20%
100%
45%
12%
23%
20%
100%
45%
13%
21%
21%
100%

2. Possible reason(s) for the decline of car accidents in the city;
3. Your predictions of what will happen this year.
Your composition should be no less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as
possible.


（三） 条形图作文
条形图（Bar graph）作文就是用条形图信息来表达文章中心思想的作文。条形图也称为
立柱图、圆柱图或棒形图 。条形图由宽度相同但长度不同的条块代表不同的量。比较几个项
目或量时，常用不同颜色来区分。条形 图主要用来表示：同一项目在不同时间的量或同一时
间不同项目的量。例如：
Health Gains in Developing Countries (CET-6, 1996. 06)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic
Health Gains in Developing Countries. Your composition must be no less than 120 words and you
should base your composition on the following instructions (given in Chinese):
1．以下图为依据描述发展中国家的预期寿命(life expectancy)和婴儿死亡率(infant
mortality)的变化情况。
2．说明引起变化的原因。


（四） 圆形图作文
圆形图（Pie chart）作文就是用圆形图信息来表达文章中心思想的作文。圆形图也称为
饼状图、圆面分割图或扇形图，是一个圆形图被分成大小不同的扇形，直观地表达作为整体
的某一事物 与某部分之间以及每个部分之间的相互关系。圆形图一般都有文字说明，图内的
扇形大小常用百分比表示 ，比较形象直观，各部分空间大小差别容易分辨，常用来表示总量

和各分量之间的百分比 关系。整个圆表示总量，楔形块表示分量。有时圆形图还有数值表，
两者结合可把各分量表示得更准确、 清楚。例如：
The Distribution of Population on the Continents
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition with the topic
The Distribution of Population on the Continents based on the following pie chart.
Asia
Europe
Africa
North America
South America
Oceania
Antarctica

二、段落布局 图表型作文的规律性很强，因此写图表作文时，常采用三段式的写作方式。第一段分析
图表中的数据 变化反映什么问题、规律或趋势，概述图表信息所传递的现象、问题、趋势或
规律；第二段分析形成这一 问题、规律或趋势的原因或后果；第三段得出结论，展望未来的
情况或提出自己的看法、解决对策、方法 和建议等。这种布局可以简单地表述为：
第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想；
第二段：分析原因和后果；
第三段：得出结论，展望未来或提出自己的看法、解决对策、方法和建议。
常用句型
1．图表型作文开头部分最常用的句型
According to In accordance with the information in the table line graph bar graph pie chart,
we can see that….
According to In accordance with the information from the figures numbers in the table
statistics line graph bar graph pie chart, it can be seen that….
As can be seen from the diagram, great changes have taken place in...
As can be seen from the graph, the two curves show the fluctuation of...
As is can be revealed shown illustrated indicated in the table line graph bar graph pie
chart, ….
As we could find out later in the table line graph bar graph pie chart, ….
The graph provides some interesting data regarding….
The information presented in the pie chart shows an increasing a decreasing trend in….
The table line graph bar graph pie chart reveals shows indicates illustrates represents
points out that….
There was a very steady marked sharp rapid sudden dramatic drop decrease decline fall
reduction rise increase in…compared with that of….

2．图表型作文中心部分最常用的句型
A case in point is….
A considerable increase decrease occurred from…to….
A declines slowly….
A decreased year by year while B increased steadily.
A has brought about great changes in….
A has something in common with B.
A increased decreased by….
A increased decreased to….
A is 3 times as much many as B.
A is about 20 percent as compared with the number of….
A is in proportion to….
A is second to….
A is three times that of….
A remains level….
A rises rapidly….
A rockets to the highest peak.
A showed signs of leveling off.
A will make great efforts to heighten people’s awareness of doing….
After…the number rate figure began to decline remarkably sharply
dramatically, and eventually dropped to the lowest point at the end of the week
month year.
An increase is shown in…; then comes a sharp increase to….
Another case in point is….
Compared with last week month year, it has decreased by 10 percent.
Compared with last week month year, it decreased from 40 to 20 percent.
Compared with last week month year, it fell from 20 to 10 percent.
Compared with last week month year, it increased from 10 to 20 percent.
Compared with last week month year, it is still increased by 20 percent.
For these above reasons, ….
From 2006 on, the number rate figure was rising again and reached the peak
point in last week month year.
From…to…the rate of decrease slowed down.
Great Some changes have taken place in the recent last few years in….
In 2006 the number rate figure remains the same drops to….
In the past few years, there has been a marked sharp dramatic sudden
considerable increase rise decrease fall drop in….
It has been increased by a factor of 4 since 2006.
It has decreased almost two and half times, compared with 2006.
It has increased by three times as compared with that of….
It is obvious that the number rate figure declined dropped rose increased in
last week month year.
It may cause produce bring about a considerable marked change in….
It rose from 10-15 percent of the total this week month year.

It would be expected to increase 3 times of…..
Over the period from 2003 to 2006 the number rate figure remained level.
Take…for example.
The difference between A and B lies in….
The effect influence impact advantage positive side strong point
disadvantage negative side weakness phenomenon problem occurs from results
from follows from is a result of is due to….
The figures peaked at 100 in this week month year.
The figures reached the bottom a low point hit a trough.
The figures situation bottomed out in...
The graphs show a threefold increase in the week month year.
The most important one is that….
The number is 5 times as much as that of last week month year.
The number of… remained steady stable from … to ….
The number sharply went up to 100.
The number rate figure fluctuated during this week month year.
The number rate figure of last week month year grew rose from 100 to 150.
The number rate figure rose to 30 in last week month year but fell to 10 in this
week month year.
The percentage of the product stayed the same between 2005 and 2006.
The percentage of this week month year is slightly larger smaller than that of
last week month year.
The table shows an increase of over 3 times of that of last year.
The total number was lowered by 20%.
The year month week witnessed saw a sharp rise in….
There are a lot similarities differences between…and….
There are at least three several many reasons factors that should be first
considered.
There is an upward trend in the number of….
There is not a great deal of difference between…and….
There was a very slight small slow gradual rise increase drop decrease
decline fall reduction in this week month year.
This is a graph which illustrates….
To understand see make clear explain the table line graph bar graph pie chart,
there are at least three things we can do. First Firstly In the first place, …. Second
Secondly In the second place, …. Furthermore Besides, ….
We should understand see make clear explain the table line graph bar graph
pie chart in the following ways. First Firstly In the first place, …. Second Secondly
In the second place, …. Furthermore Besides, ….
We should understand see make clear explain the table line graph bar graph
pie chart for three major reasons. First Firstly In the first place, …. Second
Secondly In the second place, …. Furthermore Besides, ….
What are the reasons for this phenomenon problem trend principle?
With all these new measures, I’m sure, the number rate figure of…will go on

falling….
3．图表型作文的转折最常用的句型
Although it is commonly widely generally universally held felt accepted agreed
acknowledged that…, it is unlikely to be true that….
Although many people believe that…, I doubt wonder whether… can bear much analysis
close examination hold water.
Among the most convincing important reasons factors aspects examples given cited
offered identified by people for…, one should be stressed emphasized mentioned.
However, it gives rise to a number of problems.
In all the discussion debate over about…, one essential important basic fact is generally
overlooked neglected.
It is true that True, To be sure, Admittedly, …, but this is not to say it is unlikely it doesn’t
follow it doesn’t mean it won’t be the case that….
It would be inevitable possible natural reasonable to think believe hold maintain argue
that…, but it would be absurd wrong to claim argue that….
On the other hand, As opposed to Contrary to widely commonly generally universally
held accepted belief idea view opinion, I believe hold maintain think argue that….
On the surface At first sight At first glance At first thought, it this may seem a sound an
attractive suggestion solution answer way idea, but after careful consideratuon on closer
analysis, we find that….
The advantages of…outweigh any benefit we gained from carry more weight than those of
are much greater better than….
The latest surveys show that….
The main obvious great problem fact point disadvantage weakness negative effect harm
danger flaw drawback with in this rise increase drop decrease decline fall reduction is
that….
The problem fact truth point flaw drawback advantage disadvantage strongpoint
weakness positive effect negative effect harm danger is that….
There is absolutely in fact no every reason for us to believe hold maintain think argue
accept resist reject that….
There is an element of truth in this rise increase drop decrease decline fall reduction, but it
ignores a deeper and more important essential vital basic fact reason cause factor aspect
that….
This rise increase drop decrease decline fall reduction has caused wide public concern in
many places of the world.
This rise increase drop decrease decline fall reduction is now being questioned by more
and more people.
4．图表型作文的结尾最常用的句型
All the analysis evidence supports an unmistakable conclusion that….
From the table chart diagram figure, we can see clearly that... it is clear apparent from the
chart that….

From what has been discussed described mentioned said above Judging from Taking into
account all these factors Finally Lastly Consequently, we may come to arrive at reach draw
the conclusion that we may conclude that….
In accordance with According to what we have just discussed described mentioned said
above, we may come to arrive at reach draw the conclusion that we may conclude that….
In conclusion In a word In short On the whole To conclude To sum up Therefore From
the foregoing, it is clear obvious evident that….
It can be seen from the figures statistics that….
It is apparent from the figures statistics that….
It is clear from the figures statistics that….
The bar chart illustrates that….
The conclusion that can be drawn reached from the above discussed described mentioned
said is that….
The data statistics show….
The data statistics figures lead us to the conclusion that….
The diagrams figures statistics show….
The most important findings taken from the table pie chart line bar graph are as follows:
The number of last…remained steady stable from last year month week to….
The pie graph depicts….
There is no immediate solution to the problem of…, but…might be helpful.
Therefore, these findings reveal the following information:
This graph describes the trend of….
This table shows the changing proportion of A and B from…to….
This table pie chart line bar graph shows indicates illustrates represents points out
provides that….
We can see from the information in the table line graph bar graph pie chart figures
statistics that….

第七节 描述图画型
一、常见命题形式
看图画写作文是大学英语应试写作中较难的题型之一。图画型 作文的图画一般都具有某
种深刻的涵义：或暗示一种现象，或暗示一种哲理等等。看图画写作文有时是看 一幅图写作，
有时是看一组图写作。图画型作文常见的出题形式有以下几种：
1．Directions: Study the following drawing (drawings) picture (pictures) photo (photos)
cartoon (cartoons) carefully and write an essay in which you should
(1) describe the drawing (drawings) picture (pictures) photo (photos) cartoon (cartoons),
(2) interpret its meaning, and
(3) give your comment on the phenomenon.
You should write in no less than 100 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
2．Directions: Study the following drawing (drawings) picture (pictures) photo (photos)
cartoon (cartoons) carefully and write an essay entitled “…”. In the essay you should
(1) describe the drawing（drawings） picture (pictures) photo (photos) cartoon (cartoons)
and interpret its meaning, and
(2) support your view with examples.
You should write about 120 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
3．Directions: Study the following drawing (drawings) picture (pictures) photo (photos)
cartoon (cartoons) carefully and write an essay entitled “…”. In the essay you should
(1) describe the pictures,
(2) deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures,
(3) suggest your counter measures.
You should write about 120 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
4．Directions: Study the picture, and write an essay in about 120 words. Your essay should be
based on the following outline.
(1) Describe the drawing (drawings) picture (pictures) photo (photos) cartoon (cartoons);
(2) Analyze Explain the reasons of the phenomenon;
(3) Suggest some solutions Explain the impact.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
5．Directions: Write an essay of 120 words based on the following drawing (drawings)
picture (pictures) photo (photos) cartoon (cartoons). In your essay, you should first describe the
drawing（drawings） picture (pictures) photo (photos) cartoon (cartoons), then interpret its
meaning, and give your comment on it.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
6．Directions: Study the following set of drawings pictures photos cartoons carefully and
write an essay in which you should
(1) describe the set of drawings pictures photos cartoons, interpret its meaning, and
(2) point out its implication in our life.
You should write about 120 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
7．Directions: Study the following set of drawings pictures photos cartoons carefully and
write an essay in which you should
(1) show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the picture below;
(2) give a specific example, and

(3) give your suggestion as to the best way to show….
You should write about 120 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
8．Directions: Study the following set of drawings pictures photos cartoons carefully and
write an essay in which you should
(1) describe the set of drawings pictures photos cartoons briefly, interpret the social
phenomenon reflected by them, and
(2) give your point of view.
You should write about 120 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
二、段落布局
写 应试图画型作文时，常采用三段式的写作方法，即每一个部分为一个自然段。第一段
一般用概括、归纳法 ，概述图画反映的现象、问题、趋势、规律或哲理；第二段用因果法、
比较对比法或举例法等方法，分析 或说明形成这一现象、问题、趋势、规律或哲理的原因或
后果；第三段则用总结、归纳法作总结、评论， 展望未来或提出解决办法或建议。这一结构
可以简单地表述为：
第一段：概述图画反映的主题思想；
第二段：分析、解释、说明原因或后果；
第三段：总结、评论、提出建议或展望未来。
常用句型
1．开头部分最常用的句型
According to In accordance with the information in the drawing (drawings) picture
(pictures) photo (photos) cartoon (cartoons), we can see that….
As can be As is revealed shown illustrated indicated in from the drawing (drawings)
picture (pictures) photo (photos) cartoon (cartoons), ….
As the drawing (drawings) picture (pictures) photo (photos) cartoon (cartoons) indicates
(indicate) suggests (suggest) shows (show) reveals (reveal) illustrates (illustrate) represents
(represent) points (point) out….
As we can see from the drawing (drawings) picture (pictures) photo (photos) cartoon
(cartoons), ….
As we could find out later in the drawing（drawings） picture (pictures) photo (photos)
cartoon (cartoons), ….
The drawing (drawings) picture (pictures) photo (photos) cartoon (cartoons) indicates
(indicate) suggests (suggest) shows (show) reveals (reveal) illustrates (illustrate ) represents
(represent) points (point) out that….
2．中心部分最常用句型
A case in point is….
A close examination analysis would indicate suggest show reveal illustrate represent
point out how ridiculous this phenomenon situation problem statement is.
A number of factors reasons causes aspects are accountable for responsible for lead to
bring about result in produce contribute to this phenomenon situation problem statement.
First Firstly In the first place, …. Second Secondly In the second place, …. Furthermore
Besides, ….

According to statistics proved by…, it can be seen that….
An old saying proverb goes, ….
Another case in point is….
Another special consideration in this case is that….
As a popular saying goes, “Everything has two sides.” “Every coin has two sides.”
As an illustration, we may take…for example.
As an old saying proverb goes runs says, ….
As for me, I'm firmly convinced that…, for the following reasons: Firstly, …. Secondly, ….
Finally, ….
As for me, I'm for in favor of favor support the idea opinion view argument that…for the
following reasons:
As for me, with the rapid development of science and technology society industry
agriculture, all these problems will certainly be solved step by step.
Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the ideas opinions views
arguments on both sides.
Besides, we should not neglect that….
But is it this really the case? The information we've collected over recent years leads us to
see conclude believe think take it for granted that….
Despite many obvious advantages of…, it is not without its problem.
Evidently, this phenomenon situation problem statement has both positive effects
advantages strong points and negative effects disadvantages weaknesses: Firstly In the first
place, …. Secondly In the second place,…. Finally Last but not least, ….
However, this opinion view argument is now being questioned by more and more people
experts.
I do not believe that….
In fact, we have to admit the fact that….
In my opinion, there are at least two three major important essential critical key reasons
factors that should first be taken into consideration.
In the last few decades, advances in science and technology society industry agriculture
have made it possible for people to understand see clearly that the advantages positive effects
strong points of this phenomenon situation problem statement are much greater than far
outweigh its disadvantages negative effects weaknesses. First, …. Second, …. Third, ….
In view of the seriousness of this phenomenon situation problem, effective measures should
be taken to…. First, …. Second, …. Third, ….
It can be easily proved that….
It is essential important necessary vital that….
It is indisputable that…
It is true that..., but one major important vital crucial point is being left out.
It makes no sense to argue for this phenomenon situation problem statement. It must be
noted that….
It would be reasonable to take the view that…, but it would be foolish to claim that….
Its consequence can be so great that….
Like anything else, everything has two sides.
Many experts point out that….

Many people seem to overlook the basic fact that…. Moreover, ….
Many people experts believe that…will exert positive negative influnce on….
Most important of all Last but not least, Apart from the above listed mentioned facts factors
reasons, …this fact factor reason can not be neglected.
My suggestions to deal with the problem are as follows: To begin with, …. Secondly, ….
Finally….
No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for….
One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is….
Part of the explanation for this phenomenon situation problem statement is that….
People differ in their attitudes towards to about this phenomenon situation problem
statement. Faced with it, some of them…. Others, however, ….
People Experts in increasing numbers are beginning to believe that such a situation would
produce result in contribute to cause bring about lead to is responsible for is the reason for
unfavorable effects on….
Perhaps the primary factor cause is that….
Recent studies suggest indicate show that….
So long as we regard this as reasonable, we may….
Some people say…, but it does not hold water can’t bear a closer examination analysis.
Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that….
Such examples might be given easily.
Take the case of….
Take…for example instance.
The advantages (advantage) positive effects (effect) strong points (point) benefits (benefit)
of this phenomenon situation problem statement are (is) much greater than far outweigh
(weighs) its disadvantages (disadvantage) negative effects (effect) weaknesses (weakness).
The answer to this phenomenon situation problem involves many factors. First, ….
Second, …. Third, ….
The change in...largely results from the fact that...
The effect influence impact advantage positive side strong point disadvantage negative
side weakness phenomenon problem occurs from results from follows from stems from is a
result of is due to….
The factors that contribute to this phenomenon situation problem statement include...
The immediate result it produces is….
The most important thing we can do is to….
The phenomenon situation problem statement mainly results from occurs from stems from
the fact that….
There are several reasons for this phenomenon situation problem statement. Firstly, „;
Secondly, …, Finally, ….
There are several reasons for this phenomenon situation problem statement. One of the main
reasons is that…. Another primary reason is that….
There are two three major causes of reasons for this phenomenon situation problem
statement. To begin with, …. Next, …. Last, ….
There are two three reasons for this phenomenon situation problem statement. In the first
place On the one hand, …. In the second place On the other hand, …. Furthermore, ….

There are, on the other hand, more reasons for against this phenomenon situation problem
statement. Firstly In the first place, …. Secondly In the second place, …. Finally Last but not
least, ….
There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to….
There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.
There is in fact no reason for us to believe that….
There is no denying the fact that this phenomenon situation problem statement is an
extremely serious problem: we should take strong measures to deal with it. First, …. Second, ….
Third, ….
There is sufficient evidence to show suggest indicate that….
This can expressed as follows.
This issue is becoming a matter of concern for more and more….
This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to….
This phenomenon situation problem may give rise to a host number of problems. First, ….
Second, …. Third, ….
This phenomenon situation problem statement will have a profound effect impact
influence upon….
Those who are blind to this point idea view opinion factor fact will pay a heavy price,
which they cannot afford.
Though we are in basic agreement with…
To understand see make sense out of make clear explain the indication of the drawing
(drawings) picture (pictures) photo (photos) cartoon (cartoons), there are at least two three
things we can do. First Firstly In the first place, …. Second Secondly In the second place, ….
Furthermore Besides, ….
Too much stress placed on... may lead to….
Unfortunately, none of the available data show suggest indicate….
We have no reason every reason to believe that….
We should understand see make sense out of make clear explain the indication of the
drawing (drawings) picture (pictures) photo (photos) cartoon (cartoons) in the following ways.
First Firstly In the first place, …. Second Secondly In the second place, …. Furthermore
Besides, ….
We should understand see make sense out of make clear explain the indication of the
drawing (drawings) picture (pictures) photo (photos) cartoon (cartoons) for the following
reasons. First Firstly In the first place, …. Second Secondly In the second place, ….
Furthermore Besides, ….
What are the reasons for this phenomenon problem trend principle philosophical truth?
What is more serious is that….
What seems to be the trouble is….
What these people fail to consider understand is that….
When it comes to When talking about the phenomenon situation problem, the majority of
people think hold maintain believe take it for granted that….
3．过渡部分最常用句型
A close careful inspection examination scrutiny of the drawing (drawings) picture

(pictures) photo (photos) cartoon (cartoons) would reveal how flimsy groundless this opinion
idea view argument is.
A number of factors could account for the development in….
A number of further facts may be added….
A recent investigation indicates that….
According to a recent study statistics, it can be predicted….
All available evidence points to the fact that….
All the facts suggest that….
Although I appreciate that…, I cannot agree with the first former second latter statement.
Although it is commonly widely generally universally held felt accepted agreed
acknowledged that…, it is unlikely to be true that….
Although many people believe that…, I doubt wonder whether the idea view opinion
argument can bear much analysis close examination hold water.
Among the most convincing reasons given, one should be mentioned….
Among the most convincing important reasons factors aspects examples given cited
offered identified by people for…, one should be stressed emphasized mentioned.
Examples given lead us me to conclude that….
History provides us with examples of….
However, just logical sound valid this argument may be, it only skims the surface of the
problem.
However, this phenomenon problem trend principle philosophical truth has given rise to a
number of problems.
I agree with the above statement because I believe hold maintain think argue that….
In all the discussion debate over about…, one essential important basic fact is generally
overlooked neglected.
It can be easily proved that….
It has been illustrated that….
It is chiefly responsible for….
It is not simple to give the reason for this complicated phenomenon.
It is true that True, To be sure, Admittedly, …, but this is not to say it is unlikely it doesn’t
follow it doesn’t mean it won’t be the case that….
It provides a good example of….
It reveals the unquestionable fact that….
It would be inevitable possible natural reasonable to think believe hold maintain argue
that…, but it would be absurd wrong to claim argue that….
No one can deny the fact that….
On the other hand, As opposed to Contrary to widely commonly generally universally
held accepted belief ideas views opinions, I believe hold maintain think argue that….
On the surface At first sight At first glance At first thought, it this may seem a sound an
attractive suggestion solution answer way idea, but after careful consideration on closer
analysis, we find that….
One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is….
People differ in their attitudes towards…. Faced with it, some of them…. Others, however, ….
Perhaps the primary reason is….

Somebody believes argues holds insists thinks that….
The advantages of…outweigh any benefit we gained from carry more weight than those of
are much greater better than….
The change in…largely results from the fact that….
The chief reason is that….
The idea may be proved by facts….
The latest surveys show that….
The main obvious great problem fact point flaw drawback disadvantage weakness
negative effect harm danger with in this idea view opinion argument remark is that it is
ignorant of blind to the basic bare fact that….
The problem fact truth point flaw drawback advantage disadvantage strongpoint
weakness positive effect negative effect harm danger is that….
The reasons for…are complicated.
There are several reasons for this significant growth in…. First …. Second …. Finally….
There is absolutely in fact no every reason for us to believe hold maintain think argue
accept resist reject that….
There is an element of truth in this idea opinion argument view remark statement, but it
ignores a deeper and more important essential vital basic fact reason cause factor aspect
that….
There is no doubt that….
There is no sufficient evidence to show that….
This can be expressed as follows:
This issue has caused wide public concern.
This phenomenon idea view opinion argument remark statement has caused wide public
concern in many places of the world.
Too much emphasis placed on attention paid to importance attached to…may obscure
overlook neglect other facts….
We don’t have to look very far to see find out make out the truth of this phenomenon idea
view opinion argument view remark statement.
We may cite another instance of….
We may face the undeniable fact that….
4．结尾部分最常用句型
According to Based on From In accordance with what has been discussed described
mentioned said above Judging from By all the evidence offered Taking into account all these
factors Consequently, we may come to arrive at reach draw the conclusion that we may
conclude we can see clearly that….
Although many people tend to…, an increasing amount of evidence shows that….
Although we have proved that…, there is still something in what the drawing picture cartoon
indicates.
Although…has have been dramatically changed over the past few years, it must be admitted
that we have to face….
Anyone who is blind to this point may pay a heavy price.
As far as I know, I am of the former latter first second view idea opinion argument.

Therefore, my conclusion is that….
As for me, I'm firmly convinced that….
As for me, with the rapid development of society science and technology industry
agriculture…, all these problems will certainly be solved step by step.
I believe predict suggest that….
In conclusion, we must lay emphasis on this problem and make every effort to solve it
thoroughly.
In conclusion, we must rationally take this problem into account and lay emphasis on it.
In conclusion In a word In short On the whole To conclude To sum up Therefore From
the foregoing, it is clear obvious evident that….
In summary brief short, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned problem, more
problems will crop up.
In view of such a serious condition situation Against this background, strong measures
should be taken to….
It is high time that strict measures were taken to….
It is high time that we put considerable emphasis on….
It is important to take actions to….
It is necessary imperative essential important crucial vital for us to take effective
measures take actions to….
It is necessary imperative essential important crucial vital that steps be taken to….
No one can doubt the essential fact that….
On no account can we ignore the value of….
Since it is unnecessary to…, we should not….
The conclusion that can be drawn reached from all the above discussed described
mentioned said is that….
The most important findings taken from the drawing（drawings） picture (pictures) photo
(photos) cartoon (cartoons) are as follows:
The phenomenon result problem measure solution would have a great impact influence
effect on….
There is no immediate solution to the problem of…, but these measures might be helpful.
This drawing picture photo cartoon reveals shows indicates illustrates represents points
out provides that….
We cannot emphasize the importance of…too much.
We should bring home to people the significance importance of coping with the problem.
We should get into the habit of doing….
We should spare no effort to….
With the efforts of all parts concerned, the phenomenon problem will be solved overcome
thoroughly gradually step by step.