一年级下册数学个人教学计划
宜宾自考-词汇量测试
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2015年6月英语六级真题及答案（第一套）
Part I
Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30
minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying
“Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the
key to it.” You can give an example or
two to
illustrate your point of view. You should write at
least 150 words but no more
than 200 words.
Part II Listening
Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you
will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long
conversations. At the
end of each
conversation, one or more questions will be asked
about what was said.
Both the conversation and
the questions will be spoken only once. After each
question
there will be a pause. During the
pause, you must read the four choices marked A),
B),
C), and D), and decide which is the best
answer. Then mark the corresponding letter
on
Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the
centre.
1. A) Prepare for his exams.
B)
Catch up on his work.
C) Attend the concert.
D) Go on a vacation.
2. A) Three crew
members were involved in the incident.
B)
None of the hijackers carried any deadly weapons.
C) The plane had been scheduled to fly to
Japan.
D) None of the passengers were
injured or killed.
3. A) An article about the
election.
B) A tedious job to be done.
C) An election campaign.
D) A fascinating
topic.
4. A) The restaurant was not up to the
speakers’ expectations.
B) The restaurant
places many ads in popular magazines.
C) The
critic thought highly of the Chinese restaurant.
D) Chinatown has got the best restaurants in
the city.
5. A) He is going to visit his
mother in the hospital.
B) He is going to
take on a new job next week.
C) He has many
things to deal with right now.
D) He behaves
in a way nobody understands.
6. A) A large
number of students refused to vote last night.
B) At least twenty students are needed to
vote on an issue.
C) Major campus issues had
to be discussed at the meeting.
D) More
students have to appear to make their voice heard.
7. A) The woman can hardly tell what she
likes.
B) The speakers like watching TV very
much.
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C) The
speakers have nothing to do but watch TV.
D)
The man seldom watched TV before retirement.
8. A) The woman should have registered
earlier.
B) He will help the woman solve the
problem.
C) He finds it hard to agree with
what the woman says.
D) The woman will be
able to attend the classes she wants.
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the
conversation you have just heard.
9. A)
Persuade the man to join her company.
B)
Employ the most up-to-date technology.
C)
Export bikes to foreign markets.
D) Expand
their domestic business.
10. A) The state
subsidizes small and medium enterprises.
B)
The government has control over bicycle imports.
C) They can compete with the best domestic
manufacturers.
D) They have a cost
advantage and can charge higher prices.
11. A)
Extra costs might eat up their profits abroad.
B) More workers will be needed to do
packaging.
C) They might lose to foreign
bike manufacturers.
D) It is very difficult
to find suitable local agents.
12. A) Report
to the management.
B) Attract foreign
investments.
C) Conduct a feasibility
study.
D) Consult financial experts.
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the
conversation you have just heard.
13. A) Coal
burnt daily for the comfort of our homes.
B) Anything that can be used to produce power.
C) Fuel refined from oil extracted from
underground.
D) Electricity that keeps all
kinds of machines running.
14. A) Oil will
soon be replaced by alternative energy sources.
B) Oil reserves in the world will be
exhausted in a decade.
C) Oil consumption
has given rise to many global problems.
D)
Oil production will begin to decline worldwide by
2025.
15. A) Minimize the use of fossil fuels.
B) Start developing alternative fuels.
C) Find the real cause for global warming.
D) Take steps to reduce the greenhouse effect.
Section B
Directions: In this
section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the
end of each passage, you will
hear some
questions. Both the passage and the questions will
be spoken only once.
After you hear a
question, you must choose the best answer from the
four choices
marked A), B), C), and D). Then
mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1
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with a single
line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the
conversation you have just heard.
16. A) The
ability to predict fashion trends.
B) A
refined taste for artistic works.
C) Years
of practical experience.
D) Strict
professional training.
17. A) Promoting all
kinds of American hand-made specialties.
B)
Strengthening cooperation with foreign
governments.
C) Conducting trade in art
works with dealers overseas.
D) Purchasing
handicrafts from all over the world.
18. A)
She has access to fashionable things.
B)
She is doing what she enjoys doing.
C) She
can enjoy life on a modest salary.
D) She
is free to do whatever she wants.
Passage
Two
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the
passage you have just heard.
19. A) Join in
neighborhood patrols.
B) Get involved in
his community.
C) Voice his complaints to
the city council.
D) Make suggestions to
the local authorities.
20. A) Deterioration in
the quality of life.
B) Increase of police
patrols at night.
C) Renovation of the
vacant buildings.
D) Violation of community
regulations.
21. A) They may take a long time
to solve.
B) They need assistance from the
city.
C) They have to be dealt with one by
one.
D) They are too big for individual
efforts.
22. A) He had got some groceries at a
big discount.
B) He had read a funny poster
near his seat.
C) He had done a small deed
of kindness.
D) He had caught the bus just
in time.
Passage Three
Questions 23
to 25 are based on the passage you have just
heard.
23. A) Childhood and healthy growth.
B) Pressure and heart disease.
C)
Family life and health.
D) Stress and
depression.
24. A) It experienced a series of
misfortunes.
B) It was in the process of
reorganization.
C) His mother died of a
sudden heart attack.
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D) His wife left him because of his bad temper.
25. A) They would give him a triple bypass
surgery.
B) They could remove the block in
his artery.
C) They could do nothing to
help him.
D) They would try hard to save
his life.
Section C
Directions: In
this section, you will hear a passage three times.
When the passage is read for the
first time,
you should listen carefully for its general idea.
When the passage is read
for the second time,
you are required to fill in the blanks with the
exact words you
have just heard. Finally, when
the passage is read for the third time, you should
check
what you have written.
When
most people think of the word “education”, they
think of a pupil as a sort of animate
sausage
casing. Into this empty casing, the teachers 26
stuff “education”.
But genuine education, as
Socrates knew more than two thousand years ago, is
not 27 the
stuffings of information into a
person, but rather eliciting knowledge from him;
it is the 28 of
what is in the mind.
“The most important part of education,” once
wrote William Ernest Hocking, the 29
Harvard
philosopher, “is this instruction of a man in what
he has inside of him”. And, as Edith
Hamilton
has reminded us, Socrates never said, “I know,
learn from me.” He said, rather, “Look
into
your own selves and find the 30 of truth that
God has put into every heart, and that only
you can kindle (点燃) to a 31 .”
In a
dialogue, Socrates takes an ignorant slave boy,
without a day of 32 , and proves to the
amazed observers that the boy really “knows”
geometry—because the principles of geometry are
already in his mind, waiting to be called out.
So many of the discussions and 33 about the
content of education are useless and
inconclusive because they 34 what should “go
into” the student rather than with what should
be taken out, and how this can best be done.
The college student who once said to me, after
a lecture, “I spend so much time studying that
I don’t have a chance to learn anything,” was
clearly expressing his 35 with the sausage-
casing
view of education.
Part III
Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section,
there is a passage with ten blanks. You are
required to select one word
for each blank
from a list of choices given in a word bank
following the passage.
Read the passage
through care fully before making your choices.
Each choice in the
bank is identified by a
letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for
each item on
Answer Sheet2 with a single line
through the centre. You may not use any of the
words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following
passage.
“That which does not kill us makes us
stronger.” But parents can’t handle it when
teenagers
put this 36 into practice. Now
technology has become the new field for the age-
old battle
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between
adults and their freedom-seeking kids.
Locked
indoors, unable to get on their bicycles and hang
out with their friends, teens have
turned to
social media and their mobile phones to socialize
with their peers. What they do online
often
37 what they might otherwise do if their mobility
weren’t so heavily 38 in the age of
helicopter parenting. Social media and smart-
phone apps have become so popular in recent years
because teens need a place to call their own.
They want the freedom to 39 their identity and
the
world around d of 40 out, they jump
online.
As teens have moved online, parents
have projected their fears onto the Internet,
imagining
all the 41 dangers that youth
might face—from 42 strangers to cruel peers to
pictures or
words that could haunt them on
Google for the rest of their lives.
Rather
than helping teens develop strategies for
negotiating public life and the risks of 43
with others, fearful parents have focused on
tracking, monitoring and blocking. These tactics
(策
略) don’t help teens develop the skills they
need to manage complex social situations, 44
risks
and get help when they’re in trouble.
“Protecting” kids may feel like the right thing to
do, but it
45 the learning that teens need
to do as they come of age in a technology-soaked
world.
A) assess
B) constrained
C) contains
D) explore
E) influence
F) interacting
G) interpretation
H)
magnified
I) mirrors
J) philosophy
K) potential
L) sneaking
M) sticking
N) undermines
O) violent
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to
read a passage with ten statements attached to it.
Each statement contains information given in
one of the paragraphs. Identify the
paragraph
from which the in formation is derived. You may
choose a paragraph more
than once. Each
paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the
questions by marking
the corresponding letter
on Answer Sheet 2.
Inequality Is Not
Inevitable
[A] A dangerous trend has developed
over this past third of a century. A country that
experienced
shared growth after World War II
began to tear apart, so much so that when the
Great Recession
hit in late 2007, one could no
longer ignore the division that had come to define
the American
economic landscape. How did this
“shining city on a hill” become the advanced
country with the
greatest level of inequality?
[B] Over the past year and a half, The
Great Divide, a series in The New York Times, has
presented
a wide range of examples that
undermine the notion that there are any truly
fundamental laws of
capitalism. The dynamics
of the imperial capitalism of the 19
th
century needn’t apply in the
democracies of
the 21
st
. We don’t need to have this much
inequality in America.
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[C] Our current brand of capitalism is a fake
capitalism. For proof of this go back to our
response
to the Great Recession, where we
socialized losses, even as we privatized gains.
Perfect
competition should drive profits to
zero, at least theoretically, but we have
monopolies making
persistently high profits.
C.E.O.s enjoy incomes that are on average 295
times that of the typical
worker, a much
higher ratio than in the past, without any
evidence of a proportionate increase in
productivity.
[D] If it is not the
cruel laws of economics that have led to America’s
great divide, what is it? The
straightforward
answer, our policies and our politics. People get
tired of hearing about
Scandinavian success
stories, but the fact of the matter is that
Sweden, Finland and Norway have
all succeeded
in having about as much or faster growth in per
capita (人均的) incomes than the
United States
and with far greater equality.
[E] So why
has America chosen these inequality-enhancing
policies? Part of the answer is that as
World
War II faded into memory, so too did the
solidarity it had created. As America triumphed in
the Cold War, there didn’t seem to be a real
competitor to our economic model. Without this
international competition, we no longer had to
show that our system could deliver for most of our
citizens.
[F] Ideology and interests
combined viciously. Some drew the wrong lesson
from the collapse of
the Soviet system in
1991. The pendulum swung from much too much
government there to much
too little here.
Corporate interests argued for getting rid of
regulations, even when those
regulations had
done so much to protect and improve our
environment, our safety, our health and
the
economy itself.
[G] But this ideology was
hypocritical (虚伪的). The bankers, among the
strongest advocates of
laissez-faire (自由放任的)
economics, were only too willing to accept
hundreds of billions of
dollars from the
government in the aid programs that have been a
recurring feature of the global
economy since
the beginning of the Thatcher-Reagan era of “free”
markets and deregulation.
[H] The
American political system is overrun by money.
Economic inequality translates into
political
inequality, and political inequality yields
increasing economic inequality. So corporate
welfare increases as we reduce welfare for the
poor. Congress maintains subsidies for rich
farmers
as we cut back on nutritional support
for the needy. Drug companies have been given
hundreds of
billions of dollars as we limit
Medicaid benefits. The banks that brought on the
global financial
crisis got billions while a
tiny bit went to the homeowners and victims of the
same banks’
predatory (掠夺性的) lending
practices. This last decision was particularly
foolish. There were
alternatives to throwing
money at the banks and hoping it would circulate
through increased
lending.
[I] Our
divisions are deep. Economic and geographic
segregation has immunized those at the top
from the problems of those down below. Like
the kings of ancient times, they have come to
perceive their privileged positions
essentially as a natural right.
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[J] Our economy, our democracy
and our society have paid for these gross
inequalities. The true
test of an economy is
not how much wealth its princes can accumulate in
tax havens (庇护所), but
how well off the typical
citizen is. But average incomes are lower than
they were a quarter-century
ago. Growth has
gone to the very, very top, whose share has almost
increased four times since
1980. Money that
was meant to have trickled (流淌) down has instead
evaporated in the agreeable
climate of the
Cayman Islands.
[K] With almost a quarter
of American children younger than 5 living in
poverty, and with
America doing so little for
its poor, the deprivations of one generation are
being visited upon the
next. Of course, no
country has ever come close to providing complete
equality of opportunity.
But why is America
one of the advanced countries where the life
prospects of the young are most
sharply
determined by the income and education of their
parents?
[L] Among the most bitter
stories in The Great Divide were those that
portrayed the frustrations of
the young, who
long to enter our shrinking middle class. Soaring
tuitions and declining incomes
have resulted
in larger debt burdens. Those with only a high
school diploma have seen their
incomes decline
by 13 percent over the past 35 years.
[M]
Where justice is concerned, there is also a huge
divide. In the eyes of the rest of the world and
a significant part of its own population, mass
imprisonment has come to define America—a
country, it bears repeating, with about 5
percent of the world’s population but around a
fourth of
the world’s prisoners.
[N]
Justice has become a commodity, affordable to only
a few. While Wall Street executives used
their
expensive lawyers to ensure that their ranks were
not held accountable for the misdeeds that
the
crisis in 2008 so graphically revealed, the banks
abused our legal system to foreclose (取消赎
回权)
on mortgages and eject tenants, some of whom did
not even owe money.
[O] More than a half-
century ago, America led the way in advocating for
the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights,
adopted by the United Nations in 1948. Today,
access to health care
is among the most
universally accepted rights, at least in the
advanced countries. America, despite
the
implementation of the Affordable Care Act, is the
exception. In the relief that many felt when
the Supreme Court did not overturn the
Affordable Care Act, the implications of the
decision for
Medicaid were not fully
appreciated. Obamacare’s objective—to ensure that
all Americans have
access to health care—has
been blocked: 24 states have not implemented the
expanded Medicaid
program, which was the means
by which Obamacare was supposed to deliver on its
promise to
some of the poorest.
[P]
We need not just a new war on poverty but a war to
protect the middle class. Solutions to these
problems do not have to be novel. Far from it.
Making markets act like markets would be a good
place to start. We must end the rent-seeking
society we have gravitated toward, in which the
wealthy obtain profits by manipulating the
system.
[Q] The problem of inequality is
not so much a matter of technical economics. It’s
really a
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problem of
practical politics. Inequality is not just about
the top marginal tax rate but also about
our
children’s access to food and the right to justice
for all. If we spent more on education, health
and infrastructure (基础设施), we would strengthen
our economy, now and in the future.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
46. In theory,
free competition is supposed to reduce the margin
of profits to the minimum.
47. The United
States is now characterized by a great division
between the rich and the poor.
48. America
lacked the incentive to care for the majority of
its citizens as it found no rival for its
economic model.
49. The wealthy top have
come to take privileges for granted.
50. Many
examples show the basic laws of imperial
capitalism no longer apply in present-day
America.
51. The author suggests a return
to the true spirit of the market.
52. A
quarter of the world’s prisoner population is in
America.
53. Government regulation in America
went from one extreme to the other in the past two
decades.
54. Justice has become so
expensive that only a small number of people like
corporate executives
can afford it.
55. No
country in the world so far has been able to
provide completely equal opportunities for all.
Section C
Directions: There are 2
passages in this section. Each passage is followed
by some questions or
unfinished statements.
For each of them there are four choices marked A),
B), C), and
D). You should decide on the best
choice and mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the
centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are
based on the following passage.
Air pollution
is deteriorating in many places around the world.
The fact that public parks in
cities become
crowded as soon as the sun shines proves that
people long to breathe in green, open
spaces.
They do not all know what they are seeking but
they flock there, nevertheless. And, in
these
surroundings, they are generally both peaceful and
peaceable. It is rare to see people fighting
in a garden. Perhaps struggle unfolds first,
not at an economic or social level, but over the
appropriation of air, essential to life
itself. If human beings can breathe and share air,
they don’t
need to struggle with one another.
Unfortunately, in our western tradition,
neither materialist nor idealist theoreticians
give
enough consideration to this basic
condition for life. As for politicians, despite
proposing curbs on
environmental pollution,
they have not yet called for it to be made a
crime. Wealthy countries are
even allowed to
pollute if they pay for it.
But is our life
worth anything other than money? The plant world
shows us in silence what
faithfulness to life
consists of. It also helps us to a new beginning,
urging us to care for our breath,
not only at
a vital but also at a spiritual level. The
interdependence to which we must pay the
closest attention is that which exists between
ourselves and the plant world. Often described as
“the lungs of the planet”, the woods that
cover the earth offer us the gift of breathable
air by
releasing oxygen. But their capacity to
renew the air polluted by industry has long
reached its limit.
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If we lack
the air necessary for a healthy life, it is
because we have filled it with chemicals and
undercut the ability of plants to regenerate
it. As we know, rapid deforestation combined with
the
massive burning of fossil fuels is an
explosive recipe for an irreversible disaster.
The fight over the appropriation of resources
will lead the entire planet to hell unless humans
learn t share life, both with each other and
with plants. This task is simultaneously ethical
and
political because can be discharged only
when each takes it upon herself or himself and
only when
it is accomplished together with
others. The lesson taught by plants is that
sharing life expands
and enhances the sphere c
the living, while dividing life into so-called
natural or human resources
diminishes it. We
must come t view the air, the plants and ourselves
as the contributors to the
preservation of
life and growth, rather than a web of quantifiable
objects or productive
potentialities at our
disposal. Perhaps then we would finally begin to
live, rather than being
concerned with bare
survival.
56. What does the author assume
might be the primary reason that people would
struggle with
each other
A) To get
their share of clean air.
B) To pursue a
comfortable life.
C) To gain a higher
social status.
D) To seek economic
benefits.
57. What does the author accuse
western politicians of?
A) Depriving common
people of the right to clean air.
B) Giving
priority to theory rather than practical action.
C) Offering preferential treatment to
wealthy countries.
D) Failing to pass laws
to curb environmental pollution.
58. What does
the author try to draw our closest attention to?
A) The massive burning of fossil fuels.
B) Our relationship to the plant world.
C) The capacity of plants to renew polluted
air.
D) Large-scale deforestation across
the world.
59. How can human beings accomplish
the goal of protecting the planet according to the
author?
A) By showing respect for plants.
B) By preserving all forms of life.
C) By tapping all natural resources.
D) By
pooling their efforts together.
60. What does
the author suggest we do in order not just to
survive?
A) Expand the sphere of living.
B) Develop nature’s potentials.
C)
Share life with nature.
D) Allocate the
resources.
Passage Two
Questions 61
to 65 are based on the following passage.
Early decision—you apply to one school, and
admission is binding—seems like a great
choice
for nervous applicants. Schools let in a higher
percentage of early-decision applicants,
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which arguably means that you
have a better chance of getting in. And if you do,
you’re done with
the whole agonizing process
by December. But what most students and parents
don’t realize is that
schools have hidden
motives for offering early decision.
Early
decision, since it’s binding, allows schools to
fill their classes with qualified students; it
allows admissions committees to select the
students that are in particular demand for their
college
and know those students will come. It
also gives schools a higher yield rate, which is
often used as
one of the ways to measure
college selectivity and popularity.
The
problem is that this process effectively shortens
the window of time students have to
make one
of the most important decisions of their lives up
to that point. Under regular admissions,
seniors have until May 1 to choose which
school to attend; early decision effectively
steals six
months from them, months that could
be used to visit more schools, do more research,
speak to
current students and alumni (校友) and
arguably make a more informed decision.
There
are, frankly, an astonishing number of exceptional
colleges in America, and for any
given
student, there are a number of schools that are a
great fit. When students become too fixated
(专注) on a particular school early in the
admissions process, that fixation can lead to
severe
disappointment if they don’t get in or,
if they do, the possibility that they are now
bound to go to a
school that, given time for
farther reflection, may not actually be right for
them.
Insofar as early decision offers a
genuine admissions edge, that advantage goes
largely to
students who already have numerous
advantages. The students who use early decision
tend to be
those who have received higher-
quality college guidance, usually a result of
coming from a more
privileged background. In
this regard, there’s an argument against early
decision, as students from
lower-income
families are far less likely to have the
admissions know-how to navigate the often
confusing early deadlines.
Students who
have done their research and are confident that
there’s one school they would
be thrilled to
get into should, under the current system,
probably apply under early decision. But
for
students who haven’t yet done enough research, or
who are still constantly changing their
minds
on favorite schools, the early-decision system
needlessly and prematurely narrows the field
of possibility just at a time when students
should be opening themselves to a whole range of
thrilling options.
61. What are
students obliged to do under early decision?
A) Look into a lot of schools before they apply.
B) Attend the school once they are
admitted.
C) Think twice before they accept
the offer.
D) Consult the current students
and alumni.
62. Why do schools offer early
decision?
A) To make sure they get
qualified students.
B) To avoid competition
with other colleges.
C) To provide more
opportunities for applicants.
D) To save
students the agony of choosing a school.
63.
What is said to be the problem with early decision
for students?
A) It makes their application
process more complicated.
B) It places too
high a demand on their research ability.
C)
It allows them little time to make informed
decisions.
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BatchDoc-Word文档批量处理工具
D) It
exerts much more psychological pressure on them.
64. Why are some people opposed to early
decision?
A) It interferes with students’
learning in high school.
B) It is biased
against students at ordinary high schools.
C) It causes unnecessary confusion among college
applicants.
D) It places students from
lower-income families at a disadvantage.
65.
What does the author advise college applicants to
do?
A) Refrain from competing with students
from privileged families.
B) Avoid choosing
early decision unless they are fully prepared.
C) Find sufficient information about their
favorite schools.
D) Look beyond the few
supposedly thrilling options.
Part IV
Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30
minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into
English. You should write your answer on
Answer Sheet 2.
汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一。汉朝统治期间有很
多显著的成就。它最先向其他
文化敞开大门，对外贸易兴旺。汉朝开拓的丝绸之路通向了中西亚乃至罗马
。各类艺术一派
繁荣，涌现了很多文学、历史、哲学巨著。公元l00年中国第一部字典编撰完成，收入
9,000
个字，提供释义并列举不同的写法。其间，科技方面也取得了很大进步，发明了纸张、水钟、
日晷(sundials)以及测量地震的仪器。汉朝历经400年，但统治者的腐败最终导致了它的灭
亡。
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
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