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心理咨询师就业前景-青蛙军团爱地球
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Fast Reading 2
Rock Solid
Readers
- How to help your child become a
standout student
Library day is the best
day of school for five-and-a-half-year-old
Victoria Lin. She searches
for books by her
favorite author, Dr Seuss. Her mum has read The
Cat in the Hat to her so
many times that she
can read some of it on her own, with a little help
from her memory. She
also chooses books she
and her dad like to read and talk about, such as
non-fiction about
firefighters or marine
animals. Her family plans to visit an aquarium
(水族馆) soon, so the
librarian suggests a book
on dolphins. Victoria adds it to her own “library”
along with one
about manatees (海牛) – they
fascinate her.
Victoria is well on her way to
becoming a good reader, which could make all the
difference in
the world to her future. Decades
of research demonstrate that enjoying reading and
reading
well are the biggest factors in a
child’s school success. Good readers make great
students.
They score higher on achievement
tests in every year, in all subjects, including
maths and
science. So what are the secrets of
giving your children an academic edge as well as
lifelong
pleasure?
1. Good readers
start out ahead.
Reading scores in Year One
are a key indicator of school success in Year
Eleven. What
happens in the very early years
has a lasting effect on learning. So try these
tips with young
children:
The more you
read, talk and sing to babies, the greater their
foundation for vocabulary
and understanding.
The youngest ones are amazingly receptive to
language.
Toddlers (初学走路的孩子) will sit still
to interact with books if you arouse their
interest
with questions like “Who’s that” and
“What else do you see?”
Preschool is the
time for children to begin to learn the alphabet,
and to become aware of
the sounds that make up
words – a crucial skill for reading known as
phonetic awareness
(音位意识). They don’t call it
that, but Victoria and her mum practice phonetic
awareness whenever they’re reading her
favorite rhyming books. They clap out the
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syllables in names (“Vic-tor-i-a”) or play
word games, such as “I’m thinking of a word
that starts with the letter E.”
Young
school age kids need lots of practice reading to
and with their parents. Try echo
reading to
build fluency: You read a passage and then let
your child read one. Call your
child’s
attention to punctuation and interesting words as
you read.
2. Good readers have better
vocabularies.
Think about the conversation
you’ve had with your child today. There’s a good
chance that –
because of the busy lives
parents lead – most of the words you use are
simple, immediate and
directive. For example,
“It’s time to go now!” Especially on our busiest
days, it’s easy for
parents to forget that
kids look to us for varied and rich conversations.
From Year Three on,
kids need to learn about
3,000 new words a year – that’s eight new words a
day. And it takes
at least four exposures to
make a word their own. To enrich your child’s word
power, try
these ideas:
Tell stories
about the past, present and future. At dinnertime,
relate a story about your
childhood or ask
about an upcoming school event.
Encourage
play. According to child development expert Sue
Bredekamp, it’s a crucial
way for children to
develop their language skills.
Read a
variety of books – picture books, stories with
rhymes, science or history books
that convey
cool new information. And engage your child in
extended conversations
about what you read
together.
3. Good readers preview and
summarize.
As you begin a new book, spend a
little time with the cover, suggests Francie
Alexander of
Scholastic Education. Read the
title, look at the illustration and ask your child
what she thinks
the book is about. Research
shows that prediction triggers the deeper thinking
that improves
comprehension. Every few pages
or so, ask your child to retell what’s happened;
ask what
might happen next.
4. Good
readers picture a story in the mind.
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Children who do this are better at remembering
details and are much more interested in
reading for pleasure. Encourage your child to
notice a character’s features or clothing, for
example.
5. Good readers connect to what
they’re reading.
Comments from you help create
engaged readers. “This story reminds me of the
time …” or
“I wonder if that character…” Soon
your child will be eager to make his or her own
links.
PREPARING your child to be a good
reader is one of the greatest gifts you can give
as a
parent. Kids who often struggle over
words and have trouble understanding text find
little
enjoyment in the process. They avoid
reading, and it shows in a study of American Year
Five
students, the most greedy readers spent
more than 50 times as many minutes a day reading
for
pleasure as less fluent readers. By year’s
end, the better readers had read more than two
million more words, creating an even wider gap
of proficiency and knowledge.
Academic
achievement certainly isn’t the only reason to
nurture reading skills. For one thing,
there
is the pure joy of reading. As Jennie Nash, author
of Raising a Reader, says in her book,
“You
can find companionship in books, advice, comfort
and delight. You can spend hours
alone in a
room listening to the quiet music of the written
word.” Reading can give your child
those magic
moments and much more.
1. The passage aims to
tell parents some secrets on how to help their
child become an
outstanding student.
2.
Good readers score higher in arts subject than in
maths and science.
3. Reading scores in Year
one indicate whether the student will be
successful in their future
work.
4. Young
school-age kids need reading to their parents, but
it is not necessary for them to
read together
with their parents.
5. Telling stories about
the past, present and future may be an effective
way to enrich your
child’s word power.
6.
Children who often picture a story in the mind can
remember details better and enjoy
reading
more.
7. Kids who often struggle over words
and have trouble understanding test enjoy
themselves
in the process.
8. In the
conversations with their child, parents tend to
use ___________________ words
because of the
busy lives parents lead.
9. It is shown by
research that deeper thinking that improves
comprehension can be brought
about by
____________________________________.
10.
According to a study of American Year Five
students, ______________________ spent
more
than 50 times as many minutes a day reading for
pleasure less fluent readers.
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Beijing’s local education authority compiled a
list of “potential security problems” on
campus last week. They include fire accidents,
crime, bombing, stealing, social
communication
problems and ___1___.
“Though the ‘ivory
tower’ shuts out some dangers from the outside
world, it is not a paradise
___2___ to crimes
and accidents. School-safety has been in focus,”
said an official of the
Beijing Education
Committee.
In the first six months of this
year in China, 25 students were victims of ___3___
accidents or
crimes and 10 students committed
suicide.
While numbers remain low, how can
campuses be made safer places to live in? making
safety
education compulsory is the
governments’ answer. University students in
Beijing will soon
receive compulsory classes.
In the lessons, they will learn how to protect
themselves by
looking at real ___4___.
For example, girls will learn when and where
sexual harassment (骚扰) is most ___5___ to
happen. They will also get ___6___ on how to
protect themselves, like not wearing mini
skirts in crowded public places.
Students
should not only be aware of the dangers from the
outside, but also those self-
inflicted. Even
though it ___7___ last in the list, it doesn’t
mean suicide is the least serious.
China Daily
___8___ a growing number of suicide attempts in
China on September 15.
between May and July,
three Peking University students killed themselves
by jumping from
buildings. One girl left a
note saying that she was “sick of life and
___9___.”
In the safety course, students are
given tips on how to cope with pressure. They are
also
encouraged to go to the school
psychologists if they feel depressed. They will
learn what to
do if their classmates behave
___10___ because of depression.
A) comes
B) immune
C) perpetual
D) depressed
E) normally
F) abnormally
G) reflected
H) reported
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N) erect
I) tips
J)
guidelines
K) likely
L) cases
M) fatal
O) suicide
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Keys: Fast
Reading 2
1. Y 2. NG 4. N 5.Y
6. Y 7. N 8. simple, immediate and directive
9. prediction 10. the most greedy readers
1. O 2. B 3. M 4. L 5. K 6. I
7. A 8. H 9. D 10. F
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