英语短文写作的具体方法——驳论法与归纳法
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英语短文写作的具体方法——驳论法与归纳法
驳论法与归纳法
驳论法是先
给出一个明显错误的观点或批驳对象，然后针对其观点的谬误、论据的虚假或论证的逻辑错误用例证或比较的方法
进行批
驳，最后阐明自己的观点或主张。归纳法是一种逻辑推理方式。一些议论文采用这种推理方式组织
材料，从逻辑上论证某一观点的正确性。
用归纳法写作时，应先列举事实，然后根据事实自然引申出一个
符合逻辑的结论。
表示驳论与归纳的句型模式如下：
(1)Nowadays
people in a significantincreasing number are be
ginning(gettingcoming)to realizebelieve that…
(2)Although everyone believes that…, I doubtwonder
whether the argument bears much analysis.
(3)This is a very conventional issue, but we can
approach it from a new anglea new point of view.
(4)This problem is a much-debated one in
that it affects everybody in their daily lives.
People may prefer one to another,
although
some have no opinion about it. But if I am
concerned, I can only disagree with the title
statement and the reasons
are given below.
(5)There is a general discussion today on
the issue of…, Those who criticize… argue that…,
They believe that… but
people who advocate…
claim that…, They hold the opinion that…
(6)In a modern society, people have the freedom to
choose… or…, Although they are normally coexist
peacefully, they
deserve some close
examination. If the third criteria was taken into
account, by comparison, people would prefer…
(7)When we talk about…, we usually mean…, or even
that…, The true…is not…, but that…
(8)Contrary to widely held ideas, I believe that…
(9)So far as I know, such a phenomenon comes
up as a result of the following facts. To begin
with, … And more than that, …
Last but not the
least, …
(10)So far as I know, some factors
that contribute to the above tendency may be
summarized as below. First of all, …
What's
more, … The last one is…
(11)Some people
favor… as…, and they argue that…, It seems to be
so at the first sight, however, on reflection, we
are convinced that it is just another coin
with two sides. Firstly, … is, of course, valid as
far as it goes, and we can
benefit from this
point… However, we must be fully aware of its
potential danger, taking into account the risk
resulting
from…
(12)As far as I know,
the above tendency may inevitably give rise to
some effects as follows.
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(13)Considering the social
atmosphere today, it is not a time to…, It is high
time to… The fact that… is what should
be
emphasized. Those who object to this idea forget a
universal truth that…, As I remember…, In
addition…, An instance
that accompanies this
reason is that… On the other hand, … Finally…
(14)There are several significant reasons as
follows. Firstly, … Secondly, … Thirdly, …
(15)It would be possible to think that…, but it
would be foolish to claim that…, and it would be
more foolish to believe
that…
(16)We all
know that… plays an important role in…, However
many people believe that… depends on two aspects
of…, The
first of which is…, The second aspect
is…, A further argument is…
(17)There are, I
think, at least two possible ways to cope with it.
The first way to tackle it is to appeal to the
authorities
to take drastic measures to(do)…,
The other policy that is worth adopting is to work
out new regulations to(do)…, Only in
this way
can we succeed in dealing with the problem in the
near future.
(18)No doubt that we can't
control the problem… unless there is an immediate
action…, The chance is very good that…
(19)From what I have mentioned above, we can see
clearly that violence on TV has(a)great influence
on young adults' behavior.
Therefore, one can
naturally reach this conclusion that…
(20)In
conclusion, … ,In short , … ,All in all , … ,By
and large…,To summarize…
(21)In a word, the
whole society should pay close attention to the
problem of…, Only in this way can… in the future
(22)Taking into account all these factors
offered above, we may carefully reach the
conclusion that…
(23)From what has been
discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion
that…
(24)This fact provides strong reason
for thinking that…, thus… is actually preferable
to… rather than the reverse.
(25)Judging
from all given evidences, we can safely come to
the decision that…
(26)With the two opposite
opinions discussed above, it is clear that neither
of them is reasonable. As for…, I think,
the
latter….If, on the other hand…, the former…
例文
Can Success Be Measured in Terms of
Money?
There is a deep-rooted concept in the
minds of many people that money is the only
yardstick of success. What they do not
realize
is that there are many types of success, and some
are associated with wealth and some not. It is
high time that such
people opened their eyes
and took a sober look at the world around them.
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While it is true that a successful businessman or
inventor will usually become rich, many other
people who are outstanding
in their fields do
not reap monetary rewards. One example is the
rocket scientists who make great achievements in
the field
of astronautics gaining glory for
their country, but draw a modest salary. Another
example is Lei Feng, who has marked his
name
in history because his life was devoted to helping
others, although he owned almost no personal
possessions.
Measuring success by money
alone leads people to strive to make money by fair
means or foul. If one's only goal in life
is
to become rich, without serving others or making
any worthwhile achievements, then one certainly
cannot regard oneself
as successful.
Furthermore, those who spend their lives
scrambling for money only, even though may gain
it, are the biggest
losers of all.
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