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15届高三一轮复习材料
语法复习专项讲义（一）时态和语态
时态的考查重点 1. 各个时态的基本概念 2. 上下文语境的分析 3. 句子结构成分的
分析。4. 固定句型的记忆。在学习中应特别注意：1.把握各种时态的特点，注意易混淆时
态之间的差异。2. 准确理解语境意义，捕捉隐含的时间信息。3.克服惯性思维，排除“假
性时间状语”的误导。4. 注意巧变语境，培养发散性思维。
一．一般现在时态
1. 表示经常或反复发生的动作
She gets up early every day.
辨析：She __________ (get up) early every day since she began her school life.
The night crew always comes at six.
辨析：Why __________ you __________ (always sit) there doing nothing?
2. 表示现在的情况或状态
Does Molly live here?
辨析：It’s said that Molly has moved. Where __________ she __________
(live)?
3. 表示普遍真理，客观存在，科学事实及格言警句
Mother told Little Tom that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
辨析：Tom told me that the sun __________ (rise) when he reached the top of
the hill.
4. 表示按时间表、计划、规定要发生的动作
The train arrives at 10:30. There’s plenty of time.
辨析：The train __________ (arrive ) in two hours. There’s plenty of time.
辨析：The train __________ (arrive) at 10:30 as we had expected.
5. 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中代替一般将来时
I’ll discuss this with you when we meet next time.
辨析：I don’t know when we __________ (meet) next time.
辨析：The day is sure to come when we __________ (meet) again.
6. 用于现场比赛或演示说明、剧情介绍、新闻标题、图片说明中
Labor Cuts Deals With Investors.
二．现在进行时
1. 表示说话时正在进行的动作或状态
What are they quarrelling about?
2. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作 （此刻未必正在做, 不接for时间段）
Alice is writing a book about herself.
辨析：I __________ (wait) for an hour and he still hasn’t turned up.
3. 表示将要发生的动作 （常常是趋向性动作go, leave, return, fly等）
Keep calm, please. I am arriving.
4. 常与
always, constantly, continually
等连用表达说话者生气，赞扬、同情、不满等感
情色彩。
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15届高三一轮复习材料
She is constantly disturbing me.
（厌烦）
5. Be being+表示性质、品质的形容词表示一时的表现
Tom is being a little impolite. （平时不是这样的表现）
提示：现在进行时不能与for+时间段或者与下列动词连用：“表达心理活动（
know,
remember, hope
等）”“表达属性或拥有的动词（
have, possess, belong to
等）”“感
官系动词 (
look, seem, appear
等)”“表示行为结果的动词（accept, admit, decide等）”
三．现在完成时与现在完成进行时
1. 与瞬间动词连用：表达说话时 已经完成的动作，但这个动作的结果对现在仍有影响。
常见时间状语：
already, yet, now, just
等(不接for+时间段)
The manager has just left. If only you had come a moment earlier
.
辨析：He __________ (just cross) the street when the accident happened.

强调动作的___________

--The room looks bright and tidy. – I __________ (clean) all the windows.
强调动作的___________
--Why do you look so tired? ---I __________ (clean) all the windows.

2. 与延续性动词连用：表达动作发生在过去，但一直持续到现在， 并且有可能继续持续
下去。常与表达一段时间的状语连用：
since, so far, up to now, in the pastlastrecent
few years, for a long time, all my life, all the time, all day
等
I have lived in this city all my life. = I __________ in this city all my life.
辨析：He __________ in this city for 10 years but now he has moved away.

We __________ (plant) a lot of trees in the city in the past few years.
We __________ (plant) a lot of trees in the city in the past.
3. 表示自过去某一时刻到说话时这段时间中的经历
I have visited Shanghai at least four times.
辨析：I __________ (visit) Shanghai at least four times last year.
固定句型
；
It is the firstsecond time I have come here.
4. 在时间条件等状语从句中，代替将来完成时
You shouldn’t leave school before you have finished your assignments.
辨析：You shouldn’t leave here before I __________ (come) back.
四．一般过去时
1. 与瞬间动词连用：表达过去发生的动作。
Mr Smith came to see you just now.
辨析：Mr. Smith __________ (just come) to see you.
2. 与延续动词或静态动词连用：表达过去存在的状态。可与
for
+时间段连用
They lived here for twenty years in the past.
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15届高三一轮复习材料
辨析：So far, t
hey __________
(live) here for twenty years.
3. 表示过去将来的动作
宾语从句中含有时间、条件状语从句
Alina said that she would come if I promised to wait for her.
4. 虚拟语气
虚拟条件句中，对一般现在或一般将来的虚拟假设

I wouldn’t go alone if I __________(be) you.
She would come if I __________ (promise) to wait for her, but I have no time to
spare.
固定句型
It is (abouthigh) time that we began our lesson.
I would rather you __________ (start) now.
五．过去进行时
1. 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作
I was writing a letter when you phoned.
2. 表示过去某一阶段内一直进行的动作
She was reading a novel last night, but he hasn’t finished it.
3. 表示过去将要发生的动作，常表示“渐渐、快要”，常与瞬间动词连用：
come, go, start,
arrive, become, get
等
We were running out of the gas.
It was getting dark when we arrived.
4.
表示厌烦、惊讶、褒扬等特殊情感，常与
always, forever, constantly
连用
。
She was always complaining about her busy life.
六．过去完成时
1. 与瞬间动词连用：表示“过去的过去”，这个过去的时刻常与by, before等时间状语来
表示，也可用一个表达过去的动作或上下文来表示。
(
不可后接
for+时间段)
Jane had left before I arrived.
I had just finished half of the work by yesterday.
She already knew the secret but no one had told her.
2. 与延续动词连用：表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作 或状态。
(
常后接
for+
时间段)
He had worked in the factory for five years before he moved here.
=He __________(work ) in the factory for five years before he moved here.
3.
表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算
(hope, wish, plan, intend, mean, want, attempt,
would like, would love
等
)
I had hoped to be back last night, but I didn’t catch the train.
=I ________________ back last night, but I didn’t catch the train.

I would love __________ (see) her, so I went to her house.
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15届高三一轮复习材料
I would love __________ (see) her, but she refused me.
4.
虚拟条件句中，对过去的事实进行虚拟假设
I would have seen her if I had come five minutes earlier, but I didn’t.
5.
固定句型

I had hardlyscarcely answered the teacher when he interrupted me.
No sooner had Rose heard the news than she burst into tears.
七．一般将来时
1.
will
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，或未经事先考虑的临时决定，或表示一种倾
向或推测
Will you be free tonight?
I’ll answer the door.
Nobody knows what will happen in the future.
2.
shall
在陈述句中表示警告、威胁、命令、允诺或者条 文规定，在疑问句中用来征求他
人意见“要不要„„，好吗‖
She shall get her share.
He shall stay in bed.
Shall we dance?
Shall I turn on the lights?
3.
be going to do
表示说话者经过事先考虑的主观打算，或客观迹象表明即将发生某事
I’m going to sell my old house.
It’s going to rain soon.
4.
be to do
表示计划中约定的，或按职责、义务和要求必须去做的事，或在条件句中表
达注定的结果
The Prime Minister is to visit Hungary in May.
The medicine is to be taken twice a day.
If you are to succeed, you have to work as hard as possible.
5. be about to do 表示马上就要发生的事，不强调主观，一般不能与具体的时间状语连用
I was about to leave when the telephone rang.
八．将来进行时
1. 将来某一时刻正在发生的动作
What will you be doing this time next year?
2. 将来某一阶段内一直发生的动作
Paula says she will be working late every evening next week.
九．将来完成时
截止到将来某一时间为止已经完成的动作或状态
I will have finished all the work by the time you come back.



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15届高三一轮复习材料
语法复习专项测试（一） 时态和语态

一．单句改错（每句2分，共20分）
1. He wrote a book last year, but I don’t know if he has finished it.
2. He has called up three times yesterday morning.
3. He had lived in London for two years, but he is in Paris.
4. I’ll give my opinion when I read the book through.
5. When I came in, she seated by the window.
6. The ship hardly left the port when a terrible storm came.
7. The rule requires that everyone has his bike, new or old, checked once a year.
8. He took the narrow winding country road which he knew leading to a town some
twelve miles away.
9. A great number of trees planted in the past few years in the city.
10. In the summer of 1998, serious floods were occurred in many parts of China.

二．单句填空（每空2分，共20分）
1. The girl has a great interest in sport and __________ (take) badminton classes
twice a week over the last three years.
2. –Could I use your car tomorrow morning?
--Sure. I __________ (write) a report at home.
3. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area __________ (run) out. We must act
immediately before there’s none left.
4. ―Life is like walking in the snow,‖ Granny used to say, ―because every step
__________ (show)‖
5. Now watch carefully and see what __________ (happen) in the experiment.
6. By the time he graduates from the university next year, he __________ (learn)
English for eight years.
7. I ___________ (plan) to meet you but an unexpected friend came.
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15届高三一轮复习材料
8. Marie __________ (always think) of others instead of herself.
9. Watch out! A car __________ (hit) you!
10. Bob wants to buy that kind of ball pen because he __________ (tell) that it is of
high quality.

三
. 语法填空
One day, about ten years ago, while working at the cash register in the gift shop
at My University Museum of Natural History, I saw __________ elderly couple
come in with a little girl in a wheelchair. As I looked closer at this girl, I found that
she__________ (fix) on the chair. I then realized she had no arms or legs, just a head,
a neck and upper body, __________ (dress) in a little white skirt. As the couple
wheeled her up to me, I turned my head toward the girl. When__________ took the
money from her grandparents, I looked back __________ the girl, who was giving
me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. All of a __________, her
handicap was gone and all I saw was this beautiful girl, __________ smile just
melted me and almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of __________ life
is all about. She took me from a poor, unhappy college student and brought me into
her world, a world of smiles, love and __________ (warm). I’m a successful
business man now and whenever I think about the troubles of the world, I think
about that little girl and the __________ (impress) lesson about life that she taught
me.






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15届高三一轮复习材料
四．完形填空
If you’re going to do something, my dad used to say, do it right.
Mostly he said that after my half- hearted (不尽力的) 36 to weed the
vegetable garden. For some reason, he knew that there were white roots still 37
deep in the ground without looking around the garden. So I would be in the 38
again the next day with a spade dig deep and 39 the roots of our garden. As I
tried to focus my attention to 40 , Dad’s words kept echoing in my mind : ― Do it
right.‖
I saw a perfect example of what Dad was talking about last week when one of
the teams in the company was 41 . All of us were sad to see them go. They were
good friends and 42 , and we worried about them. And 43 , at such times you
always wonder: am I next ?
But as we watched them during the week they were given to 44 , many of us
noticed that they weren’t handling this in quite the way we expected them to. 45
none of them found another job, there was also no bitterness or 46 in their
departure. I didn’t hear a negative word. I didn’t see any 47 or unhappy faces ---
at least, not from them. Instead, I saw grace.
―It’s 48 ,‖ one of my colleagues whispered. ―I went over there to offer comfort
and support to them, and they 49 comforting me.‖
Ancient Greeks believed that swans save their sweetest song for the moments to
their 50 . I don’t know if my departing friends 51 their ending as a ―swan
song‖ or not, but the calm, quiet dignity with which they embraced their cruel reality
touched and 52 us.
Lee, a man who has seen and 53 lots of lay-offs during almost 40 up-and
–down, on –again-off-again years with the company, 54 nicely for all of us.
―Now, that’s doing it right,‖ he said.
Somewhere, I just know Dad was smiling his 55 .
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15届高三一轮复习材料
36. A. attempts
37. A. planted
38. A. house
B. judgments
B. buried
B. school


















C. expectations D. requests
C. grown
C. garden


D. stuck
D. company
39. A. look forward to B. come up with
D. get down to
C. digging
C. cut down
C. directors
C. equally
C. pack up
C. Unless
C. anger


D. working
D. given up
D. consultants
D. generally
D. come up
D. While
D. delight
D. fears
C. fit in with
40. A. watching B. thinking
41. A. turned down B. laid off
42. A. competitors B. colleagues
43. A. frankly B. naturally
B. turn up
B. When
B. puzzle


44. A. hurry up
45. A. Since
46. A. sadness
47. A. tears


B. smiles
B. exciting
C. dangers
48. A. upsetting
49. A. objected to
50. A. birth
51. A. view


C. disappointing D. amazing
C. ended up
C. arrival
C. choose
C. inspired
C. resisted
C. picked up
C. admiration
D. kept on
D. party
D. describe
D. amused
D. survived
D. speeded up
D. approval
B. insisted on
B. death



B. recognize
52. A. discouraged B. warned
53. A. celebrated
54. A. made up
B. witnessed
B. summed up
55. A. disagreement B. indifference





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15届高三一轮复习材料

时态语态讲义：
一．1. has been getting up are always sitting 2. is living 3. was risinghad risen
4. is arriving; arrived 5. will meet; will meet
二．Has been waiting
三．1. was just crossing 强调动作的结束 have cleaned; 强调动作的延续 have
been cleaning 2. have been living lived; have planted; planted 3. visited 4.
come
四．1. has just come 2. have been livinghave lived 4. were; promised; started
六. 2. had been working; 3. hoped to have been; to see; to have seen
时态语态测试：
改错1. was writing 2. 去掉has 3.去掉had 4. have read 5. was seated
6. had hardly left 7. has—have 8. leading to—led to 9. have been planted
10 去掉were
填空：1. has been taking 2. will be writing 3. are running out 4. shows 5. will
happen 6. will have learned 7. had planned 8. is always thinking 9. is
going to hit 10 has been told
语篇：an, was fixed, dressed, I , at, sudden, whose, what, warmth, impressive.
完形：36~40 ABCDC 41~45 BBACD 46~50 AADCB 51~55 ACDBD

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