上海民航职业技术学院-幼儿保健

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非谓语动词作主语表语和宾语
一、 A)不定式和动名词作主语与表语的比较表示具体的、一次性的或将来
的动作用不定式；表示一般的、泛指
的或习惯性的行为 用动名词。
__________ now seems impossible.
A. Saving money B.
To save money
C. Being saved money D.
To be saved money
I like __________ very much, but I
don’t like _________ this morning.
A. swimming, swimming B. to
swim, to swim
C. swimming, to swim D. to
swim, swimming
Her wish is __________ an engineer.
A. becoming B. become C. to
become D. being come
如：◎ ________ is a good form of
exercise for both young and old. (全
国卷)
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A. The walk B. Walking C.
To walk D. Walk
说明：①有时这种区 别并不很严格。但
要注意：主语和表语要用同一种形式；
平行结构中要用同一种形式。
To answer correctly is more
important than __________
A. a quick finish B. to
finish quickly
C. finishing quickly D. you
finish quickly
B) 不定式作主语结构过长时一般需要
后置,由it作形式主语;
动名词作主语时也可以后置, 由it
作形式主语仅限于一些名词或形容词
后。
It’s a waste of time no goodno use
doing
It is not always easy __________
invitations.
A. to refuse B. refusing C.
to be refused D. being
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refused
It was polite _________ the child
_____(give) up his seat to the
elderly woman.
Do you consider it any good
__________ again?
A. to try B. try C.
trying D. for you to try
I don’t think it’s much good
__________ to him.
A. writing B. to write C. to
be written D. being written
C) 要把动名词的复合结构看成一个整体，动名词的复合结构在句子中作主语
或宾语。它有四种形式：①形容词性物
主代词＋动名 词；②名词's＋动名词；
③代词宾格＋动名词；④名词＋动名词。
动名词的复合结构可在句中 作主语或宾
语。作主语时，不能用③、④两种形式；
无生命名词不能用第②种形式，无论是作主语还是作宾语。动名词的复合结构，
实际上是给动名词加了一个逻辑主语。
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如： His／Jack's not getting to the
station on time made all of us
worried．他／杰克没准时到火车站使得
我们大家都很担心。 Do you mind my
／me／Jack's ／Jack leaving now ？
我／杰克现在离开你介意吗？
Is there any hope of our team winning
the match?
如：◎ —What do you think made Mary
so upset? — ________ her new bike.
(卷)
A. As she lost B. Lost C.
Losing D. Because of losing
The purpose of new technologies is to
make life easier, ________ it more
difficult. (全国卷)
A. not make B. not to make C. not
making D. do not make
【分析】答案选B。前面用的是不定式
作表语，与之并列的也应用不定式。
◎ Fishing is his favorite hobby,
and ________. (卷)
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A. he’d like to collect coins as
well
B. he feels like collecting coins,
too
C. to collect coins is also his
hobby
D. collecting coins also gives him
great pleasure
◎ 非谓语动词作宾语：
只能接to do作宾语的动词：
◎ decide determine, learn ,want,
expecthopewish;
◎ refuse, manage, care, pretend
◎ offer, promise, choose, plan;
◎ agree, askbeg, help.
决心学习想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。
主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
只能接-ing分词作宾语的动词：
建议冒险去献身，忍受期待不停顿;
放弃延期悔失去，坚持欣赏实践成;
注意原谅避反对，考虑要求不自禁;
允许习惯不介意，价值开始想动名。
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动名词或不定式作某些动词宾语时有
区别:
stop doing sth.（停做某事）
stop to do sth.（停下来做另一件事）
go on doing sth.（继续做同一件
事） go on to do sth. （继续做
另一件事）
forget to do sth.（忘记去做…）
forget doing sth.（忘记已做过…）
remember to do sth.（记着去做…）
remember doing sth.（记得做过…）
try to do sth.（尽力去做…<已有动
作>） try doing sth.（试图去做…
<尚无动作>）
mean to do sth.（打算做…）
mean doing sth.（意味着…）
mean sb. to do sth.(让某人做某事)
like (lovehatedislike) to do sth.
（喜欢讨厌做…<一次或具体的行
为>）
likelovehatedislike doing sth.
（喜欢讨厌做…<经常性或习惯性的
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行为>）
sb. need to do sth. （某人需要做…）
. need doing = . need
to be done （某物某人需要被…）
★ need want require deserve
（值得）用法相同;后接动名词时用
主动形式表示被动意义
regret doing （后悔做了某事）
regret to do （表示对将要做或正在
做的事感到遗憾=I’m sorry）
sb. allow doing sth.（某人允许某
事被做）
allow sb. to do sth. （允许某人做
某事）
sb. be allowed to do sth.（某人被
允许做某事）
★permitforbid与allow用法相同)
consider doing sth.（考虑做某事）
consider to be as (认为是…as可省略>）
be afraid to do sth.（胆小不敢做
某事）
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be afraid of doing sth.（担心或生
怕某事会发生; 或不希望发生意外）
sth. be worth doing （后不接动名
词被动式;不接不定式）
sth. be (un)worthy of being done
（后接褒义名词或接动名词被动式）
sth. be worthy to do sth.
be worthy to be done

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