小学数学五年级上册简便计算练习(答案卷)
河北学位英语报名网-肇庆医学高等专科学校
小学数学五年级上册简便计算练习(答案卷)
一、归类练习:
3.29+0.73+2.27 3.29-0.73-2.27
7.5+2.5-
7.5+2.5
=3.29+(0.73+2.27)
=3.29-(0.73+2.27) =(7.5-7.5)+
(2.5+2.5)
=3.29+3 =3.29-3
=0+5
=6.29 =0.29
=5
(加法结合律) (减法的性质)
(同级运算交换)
7.325-3.29-3.325
7.325-(5.325+1.7) 7.325-
(5.325-1.7)
=7.325-3.325-3.29 =7.325-5.325-1.7
=7.325-
5.325+1.7
=4-3.29
=2-1.7 =2+1.7
=0.71
=0.3 =3.7
(减法交换)
(减法的性质) (前面减号,脱括号变符号)
3.29+0.73-2.29+2.27 3.29×0.25×4
0.125
×8.8
=(3.29-2.29)+(0.73+2.27)
=3.29×(0.25×4) =0.125×8×
1.1
=1+3
=3.29×1 =1×1.1
=4
=3.29 =1.1
(同级运算交换)
(乘法结合律) (先拆数,乘法结合律)
0.25×0.28
0.125×3.2×
2.5 35×10.2
=0.25×4×0.07 =(0.125×8)×(0.4×2.5)
=35
×(10+0.2)
=1×0.07
=1×
1 =35×10+35×0.2
=0.07 =1
=350+7
(先拆数,乘法结合律) (拆数,乘法结合律)
=357
(拆数,乘法分配律)
0.25×4÷0.25×4
3.5×
9.9 3.5×99+3.5
=(0.25÷0.25)×(4×4) =3.5×(10-0.1)
=3.5×
(99+1)
=1×16
=3.5×10-3.5×0.1 =3.5×100
=16
=35-0.35 =350
(同级运算交换)
=34.65 (乘法分配律)
(拆数,乘法分配律)
3.5×101-3.5
3.5×9.9+3.5×0.1 ★ 3.5×2.7
+35×0.73
=3.5×(101-1) =3.5×(9.9+0.1)
=3.5×2.7+
3.5×7.3
=3.5×100
=3.5×10 =3.5×(2.7+7.3)
=350 =35
=3.5×10
(乘法分配律) (乘法分配律)
=35
(先利用积不变的规律转化,
3.5×2.7-3.5×0.7
0.5÷0.6
=3.5×(2.7-0.7)
=3.5×2
=40
=7 =47
=5
(乘法分配律)
4.9÷1.4
4
=4.9÷(7×0.2)
=4.9÷7÷0.2 =7
=0.7÷0.2
=7
=3.5
(拆数,除法的性质)
7.35÷(7.35×0.25)
=7.35÷7.35÷0.25 =7.35
=1÷0.25
=1
=4 =0.25
(除法的性质)
二、混合练习:
3.07-0.38-1.62
2.45-1.55
=3.07-(0.38+1.62)
=3.07-2
=4
=1.07 =14
=4
(减法的性质)
3.25+1.79-0.59+1.75
403
然后再用乘法分配律)
★ (32+5.6)÷0.8 ★ 3.5÷0.6-
=32÷0.8+5.6÷0.8 =(3.5-0.5)÷0.6
+7
=3÷0.6
(后2题类似分配律,但只适用于(a+b)÷c
和(a-b)÷c,而a÷(b+c)和a÷(b-c)不能用。)
7÷0.25÷
★ 7÷0.125
=7÷(0.25×4)
=7×8
÷1 =56
(乘除法转化规律,转化时
符号相反,转化前后的2数
(除法的性质)
相乘得1。)
★ 7.35÷(7.35÷0.25)
÷7.35×0.25
×0.25
(前面是除号,脱括号符号相反)
1.29+3.7+2.71+6.3 8-
=(1.29+2.71)+(3.7+6.3) =8-(2.45+1.55)
+10
=8-4
(加法交换律和加法结合律) (减法的性质)
23.4-0.8-13.4-7.2 0.32×
=(3.25+1.75)+(1.79-0.59)
=(23.4-13.4)-0.8-7.2 =0.32×(400+3)
=5+1.2
=10-(0.8+7.2) =0.32×400+0.32×3
=6.2
=10-8 =128+0.96
(同级运算交换)
=2 =128.96
(减法交换和减法的性质) (拆数,乘法分配律)
3.2+0.36+4.8+1.64
1.23+3.4-0.23+
6.6 0.25×36
=(3.2+4.8)+(0.36+1.64) =(1.23-0.23)+(3.4+6.6)
=0.25×4×9
=8+2 =1+10
=1×9
=10 =11
=9
(加法交换律和加法结合律)
12.7-(3.7+0.84)
0.73×4
=12.7-3.7-0.84
4×0.73
=9-0.84 =32
=8.14
=30.24 =0.73
(减法的性质)
7.6×0.8+0.2×7.6
199
=7.6×(0.8+0.2)
×8.5
=7.6×1
=7.6 =170-0.85
=8.5
(乘法分配律) =169.15
1.28×8.6+0.72×8.6
9.6×0.35
=(1.28+0.72)×8.6 =12.5
=2×8.6
=10
=17.2 =9.6
(乘法分配律)
0.8×(4.3×1.25)
×101-28.6
=0.8×1.25×4.3
×(101-1)
=1×1.25
100
=28.6
=1.25 =312
=2860
(乘法交换律和乘法结合律)
(同级运算交换)
(拆数,乘法结合律)
36.54-1.76-4.54
0.25×
=36.54-4.54 -1.76
=0.25×
-1.76 =1×0.73
(减法交换) (乘法交换律和乘法结合律)
0.85×
0.25×8.5×4
=0.85×(200-1) =0.25×4
=0.85×200-0.85×1 =1×8.5
(乘法交换律和乘法分配律)
(拆数,乘法分配律)
12.5×0.96×0.8
10.4-
×0.8×0.96 =10.4-3.36
×0.96
=7.04
(无简算)
3.12+3.12×99
28.6
=3.12×(1+99) =28.6
=3.12×
×100
(乘法分配律) (乘法分配律)
(乘法交换律和乘法结合律)
(4.23+6.17)×0.8
0.86×15.7-0.86×14.7 2.4×102
=10.4×0.8
=0.86×(15.7-14.7) = 2.4×(100
+2)
=8.32
=0.86×1 =2.4×100+2.4×2
(无简算)
=0.86 =240+4.8
(乘法分配律) =244.8
(拆数,乘法分配律)
14-7.32-2.68
2.64+8.67+7.36+11.33 2.31×1.2
×0.5
=14-(7.32+2.68) =(2.64+7.36)+(8.67+11.33)
=2.31×(1.2×0.5)
=14-10 =10+20
=2.31×0.6
=4 =30
=1.386
(减法的性质) (加法交换律和加法结合律)
(乘法结合律)
(2.5-0.25)×0.4
9.16×1.5-0.5×9.16 3.6-3.6×
0.5
=2.5×0.4-0.25×0.4 =9.16×(1.5-0.5)
=3.6×(1-0.5)
=1-0.1 =9.16×1
=3.6×0.5
(可转化成3.6÷2)
=0.9
=9.16 =1.8
(乘法分配律)
(乘法分配律) (乘法分配律)
4.5÷1.8
930÷0.6÷5 63.4÷2.5÷0.4 ★
4.25÷2.5×
9.9+0.17
=4.5÷(9×0.2)
=930÷(0.6×5) =63.4÷(2.5×0.4) =1.7×9.9+1.7×0.1
=4.5÷9÷0.2 =930÷3 =63.4÷1
=1.7×(9.9
+0.1)
=0.5÷0.2 =310
=63.4 =1.7×10
=2.5
(除法的性质) (除法的性质) =17
(拆数,除法的性质)
(前半部分死算,后半部分利
用积不变的规律转化,最后用乘法分配律。)
3.9÷(1.3×5) ★(7.7+1.54)÷0.7 2.5×2.4
2.7÷
45
=3.9÷1.3÷5 =7.7÷0.7+1.54÷0.7
=2.5×4×0.6 =2.7÷(9
×5)
=3÷5
=11+2.2 =10×0.6
=2.7
÷9÷5
=0.6 =13.2
=6 =0.3÷5
(除法的性质) (相当于分配律)
(拆数,乘法结合律)=0.06
(拆数,除法的性质)
0.35×1.25×2×0.8
32.4×0.9+0.1×32.4 15÷0.25 15÷(0.15×
0.4)
=(0.35×2)×(1.25×0.8)
=32.4×(0.9+0.1)
=
15÷(5×0.05)
=15÷0.15÷0.4
=0.7×1 =32.4×1
=15÷5÷0.05 =100÷0.4
=0.7
=32.4 =3÷0.05 =250
(乘法交换律和乘法结合律)
(乘法分配律)
(拆数,除法的性质)
=60
(除法的性质)