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英语时态使用中的注意事项
来源： 金钥匙学校 发布时间： 2008-08-07 编辑： 叶谨
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英语时态使用中的注意事项
Attention pleases, ladies and gentlemen. Our bus is _______ close to Cambridge, ______ we’ll
_______ __________ to eat. We’ll have our lunch in the garden of a restaurant overlooking a
small park that _______ people of a very famous tree. It’s said that General George Washington
________ command of the army in 1775 under its very branches. It was almost 100 years later, in
1864, _________ the city of Cambridge celebrated the event and from that moment ____, the tree
was called the Washington Elm. Later the tree _______ __________ by insects and finally
________ in a storm. The remains of the tree were cut down and the _______ rings were counted
to find out how old the tree was. Well, it seems that if Washington ____________ the command of
his army under this tree he must have done so ___ his knees. This particular elm
____________________ over 3 or 4 years old in 1775. It is a well-known fact that Washington
took command under an elm tree, but _____________________, it couldn’t have been the famous
Washington Elm.

Looking back on my childhood, I believe that naturalists are-- ______ and not made. Although we
were brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters had no ________ in flowers and insects.
Unlike _____ I had no _____ for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not
do mental arithmetic.
Before World War I, we _____ our summer holidays in Hungary, I have only the dim memory
of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. ______ do I recall the large family of
grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins gathered next door. But I do have a ____
memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds and above all the insects.
I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the ___ _ world. I love discussing my
favorite topics and enjoy __ about other people’s observations and discoveries. Then
something happens that ______ these observations together in my mind. Suddenly I think I see
the _______ to the riddle, because it all seems to fit together. This has ___ in my publishing
300 papers and books, which some _____ honor with the title of scientific research.
But curiosity, a keen(敏锐) eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world
does not make a scientist: one of the outstanding and essential qualities ________ is self-discipline,
a quality I lack. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can ______ the
two, you get the best of both worlds.
时态使用中的注意事项
一、只用一般时态，不用进行时态的动词：
A. know, understand, forget, remember, believe, want, please, need, respect, prefer, mind, like,
agree, wish, recognize, mean, care, dislike, love, hate, fear, hope, appreciate„
B. appear, exist, lie, remain, stand, seem, want, belong, depend on, look„
C. accept,allow,admit,complete,decide,e nd,give,receive,refuse,permit,promise„
二、当表示过去未实现的希望或计划时，用过去完成时。
I had hoped to pass the examination.=I hoped to have passed the examination.
三、一些将来时态的表示法。shall，will 表示单纯将来和意志将来

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you tell Julia about the result? NMET 05 III
Oh, no, I forgot. I _______ her now.
A will be calling call C. call D. am to call
2. . Look at these black clouds----there _____ a storm ( be)
Be to do 按计划，安排即将发生。也表示命令或禁止
No one ______ this building without the permission of the police. (is to leave)
3. He traveled to many mountain villages and saw many poor children out of school. This
experience _______ his life. ( change) +coming(leaving,reaching,starting,returning,sett ingout,meeting,opening,dying,arriving„)通
常与表示未来 的时间副词连用
5. be about+动词原形 表示“即将、马上、就要”发生的动作
注：在使用be going to时要注意：不能表示单纯的将来，
例：I am going to be twenty years old.
如果有条件状语从句，主句中不能用。例：
If I see him, I am going to give him your message.
四、完成时态中瞬间动词的处理
1.使用It is+„since+过去时态的句子
They have been married for thirty years.＝It is thirty years since they married.
2.代替法（用延续性动词或状态动词代替瞬间动词）
复合句中的时态问题
一、在由下面的词，短语引导的条件状语从句、时间状语从句、让步状语从句， 主句如果
是将来时态、或由情态动词，从句一般用现在时态表示将来。
if, unless, as, when, as soon as, until, till, after, before, while, whenever, whatever, ever if, each
time, the moment, every time, no mater how(what, when…), so long as, on condition that…
二、主句的时态是现在或将来范畴的时态，宾语从句的谓语动词可以是任意时态，不受主
句谓 语动词的影响。
三、since引导的从句在主句之后，应是时间状语从句，用一般过去时，主句则 是现在完
成时；since引导的从句在主句之前，一般是让步状语从句，主句是将来时态或有情态动词 ，
从句应是现在时态。
四、固定结构no sooner„than, hardly„when, scarcely„ before中, no sooner, hardly,
scarcely引导的句子一般用过去完成时，而than, when, before引导的句子则用一般过去时。
五、if引导的非真实条件句，wish后的宾语从句，应用虚拟语气（后退一步法）。
六、主句中 如果含有：请求，命令，建议等意义的词，后面的宾语从句，主语从句，表语
从句，从句中的谓语动词用 should加动词原形或省去should。
七、It is time(high time)后的从句的时态一般用过去时（或should+动词原形）。
八、would rather后的从句时态用一般过去时。
九、It is the first time后的从句应用现在完成时态。
1. I first met Lisa three years ago. She _______ at a radio shop at the time. (NMET 1997) A.
has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked
2. At this time tomorrow _______ over the Atlantic. (2003北京)
A. we're going to fly B. we'll be flying C. we'll fly D. we're to fly
3. With the rapid growth of population, the city _______ in all directions in the past five
years.(2001北京、安徽、内蒙古春季)
A. spreads B. has spread C. spread D. had spread

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4. John and I _______ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christ- mas
party. But we _______ each other a couple of times before that.(2002普高春季) A. had been;
have seen B. have been; have seen
C. had been; had seen D. have been; had seen
5. I wonder why Jenny _______ us recently. We should have heard from her by now. (NMET 2002)
A. hasn't written B. doesn't write C. won't write D. hadn't written
6. -How are you today?
-Oh, I _______ as ill as I do now for a very long time. (NMET 2000)
A. didn't feel B. wasn't feeling C. don't feel D. haven't felt
7. You don't need to describe her. I _______ her several times. (NMET 1995) A. had met B.
have met C. met D. meet
for + 时间段和since + 时间点往往表明到现在过去为止某动作已持续多长时间，应用现在
过去完成时；
by后接过去时间状语常表示到过去某一时刻为止已经完成的动作，应用过去完成时；up to
now today, until now today, recently, lately, in recent years, all these days, so far，several times
往往表示到现在今天为止或近来动作已持续多长时间，或发生多少 次数，应用现在完成时；
in the past last two years表示在到目前为止已经过去的几年里，应用现在完成时；in the next
following few years 表示在随后的几年里，应用一般过去时；in the coming few years表示在
即将到来的几年里，应用一般将来时。

语境型时态题命题题例：
1. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _______ so
rapidly. (NMET 2001)
A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change
2. -Is this raincoat yours? -No, mine _______ there behind the door. (NMET 1997) A.
is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D. hung
3. -Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favor? -Of course. What is it? -I _______ if you
could tell me how to fill out this form. (2002北京)
A. had wondered B. was wondering C. would wonder D. did wonder

应对方法：认真分析语境含义，努力寻找时态依据。
创新型时态题命题特点及应对方法 命题特点：现在型过去时：这种试题动作表述时的
情况与实际情况有所不同。一般现在时代替一般将来时 时态题：这种时态题或以条件状语从
句、时间状语从句


I’d like to welcome all of you to the University of North Carolina. This is the oldest public
university in the United States, and we are _____ to say that we ____ one of the best public
education opportunities anywhere in the nation. The school s______ in 1992, and has been ______
ever since, _______ the exception of having been closed for two years in the 1860s because so
many young men _____ to fight in the Civil War. Following the war, the university opened its
doors again and has been open ever since. In this century, the student number has been ________
rapidly, including women and small groups. Now we are looking _____ to a bright future ______
students from all backgrounds _______ this university.

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●情景中的时态问题
film____. You are a little late.
began has begun just begun begun just now
2.I don’t really work here; I____ until the new secretary arrives.
help out just helped out
just helping out just help out
3.——If he____, he _____ that food.
——Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
warned,would not take been warned,would not have taken
be warned,had not taked have been warned,had not taken
4.I ____ here an hour ago,but I am late.I have missed the train and I have to take a bus.
been been have been
5 . When Mark opened the door, he saw a woman standing there. He ______ her before.
A. never saw B. had never seen C. never sees D. has never seen
6.I’m taking my driving test tomorrow. _______！
A. Cheers B. Good luck C. Come on D. Congratulations
7. How about taking a walk with me?
_______.
A. I’d like to B. I’d love
C. I’d love to take D. I’d like

时态专项练习
1. I've won a holiday for two to Florida. I _______ my Mum.
A. am taking B. have been taken C. take D. will have taken
2. We _______ the bookshop in John's car. You can come with us or you can meet us there later.
A. went to B. have gone to C. are going to D. are going to go to
3. ---What will you do tonight?
---I _______ Peter, and he _______ me to the theatre then.
A. would meet; would take B. will meet; taking
C. am meeting; is taking D. am meeting; shall take
4. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _______ so
rapidly.
A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change
5. ---My father will be here tomorrow.
---Oh, I thought that he ______ today.
A. was coming B. is coming C. will come D. comes
6. ---Did you see Betty yesterday?
---Yes, at five o’clock she ____ a letter.
A. has written B. had written C. was writing D. had been writing
7. I _____ until they have returned.
A. am not leaving B. will not have left
C. will not be leaving D. will not have been leaving
8. —Come on，Peter．I want to show you something．
—Oh，how nice of you! I you to bring me a gift.

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A．never think；are going B．never thought；were going
C．didn’t think；were going D．hadn’t thought；were going
9. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy ____ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet. (04
北京)
A. had considered B. has been considering
C. considered D. is going to consider
10．Every possible means ___ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. (2000 上
海)
A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been used
11. When Mark opened the door, he saw a woman standing there. He ______ her before.
A. never saw B. had never seen
C. never sees D. has never seen
12.I’m taking my driving test tomorrow. _______！
A. Cheers B. Good luck C. Come on D. Congratulation
13. How about taking a walk with me?
_______.
A. I’d like to B. I’d love
C. I’d love to take D. I’d like
各地区考题
1. (北京卷)24. He _________ more that 5,000 English words when he entered the university at
the age of 15?
A. has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had learned
2. (北京卷)27. Scientists think that the continents __________ always where they _________
today.
A. aren’t; are B. aren’t; were C. weren’t; are D. weren’t; were
3. (北京卷)29. As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when __________ and see him.
A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come
4. (北京卷)31. – Why did you leave that position? - I __________ a better position at IBM.
A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered
5. (广东卷)28. Years ago we didn't know this, but recent science ______ that people who don't
sleep well soon get ill.
A. showed B. has shown C. will show D. is showing
6. (广东卷)32. The policeman's attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______
placed under the Minister's car.
A. has been B. was being C. had been D. would be
7. (湖北卷)22．When the old man ______ to walk back to his house ,the sun _____ itself behind
the mountain.
A．started had already hidden B．had started had already hidden
C．had started was hiding D．was starting; hid
8.（湖北卷）23．He was hoping to go abroad but his parents ______ that they won’t support him
unless he can borrow money from the bank.
A．were deciding B．have decided C．decided D．will decide
9. (湖南卷)30. – If the traffic hadn't been so heavy, I could have been hack by 6 o'clock.
-- What a pity! Tina _____ here to see you.

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A. is B. was C. would be D. has been
10. (江苏卷) _______ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now
we ________ it as no good results have come out so far.
A. had been working; are still working B. had worked; were still working
C. have been working; have worked D. have worked; are still working
11. (江西卷)35．—Hurry up ! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate .
—Oh ! I thought they without me .
A．went B．are going C．have gone D．had gone
12. (全国卷3)7．Listen to the two girls by the window. What language ___________?
A．did they speak B．were they speaking
C．are they speaking D．have they been speaking
13. (全国卷3)8．－Did you tell Julia about the result?
－Oh, no, I forgot. I ________ her now.
A．will be calling B．will call C．call D．am to call
14.（全国卷1）28．—What would you do if it tomorrow ?
—We have to carry it on , since we’ve got everything ready .
A．rain B．rains C．will rain D．is raining
15.（全国卷1）33．The hero’s story differently in the newspapers.
A．was reported B．was reporting C．reports D．reported
16.（全国卷1）34．The coffee is wonderful ! It doesn’t taste like anything I _____ before .
A．was having B．have C．have ever had D．had ever had
17.（上海卷）30. More than a dozen students in that school _______ around to study medicine last
year.
A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent
18.（上海卷）37. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and
_______ down to eat our picnic lunch.
A. sitting B. having sat C. to sit D. sat
19. （浙江卷）1. My brother is an actor. He _________ in several films so far.
A．appears B．appeared C．has appeared D．is appearing
20. （浙江卷）12.—Are you still busy?
—Yes, I _________ my work, and it won’t take long.
A．just finishB．am just finishing C．have just finished D．am just going to finish
21. （山东卷） more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ______ each
year. (语态＋主谓一致)
A. is washing away B. is being washed
away
C. are washing away D. are being washed away
22. （重庆卷）25. — What’s wrong with your coat?
— Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me ____ on it.
A. sat B. had sat C. had been sitting D. was sitting
23. （重庆卷）28. — What are you going to do this afternoon?
— I am going to die cinema with some friends. The film_____ quite early, so we____ to the
bookstore after that.
A. finished; are going B. finished go C. finishes; are going D. finishes; go

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24. （重庆卷）29. Millions of pounds' worth of damage _____ by a storm which swept across the
north of England last nigh
A. has been caused B. had been caused
C. will be caused D. will have been caused
25. (天津卷)11. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _______for London to attend a meeting.
A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left
26. （安徽卷）27. The manager “a” fallen asleep where he ______, without undressing.
A. was laying B. was lying C. had laid D. had lied
27. （辽宁卷）23．Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didn’t want
her parents to know what she __________.
A．has done B．had done C．was doing D．is doing
28. （辽宁卷）33．Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _______
the Pacific, and we met no storms.
A．was called B．is called C．had been called D．has been called
29. （天津卷）4. They have a good knowledge of English but little _______they know about
German.
A. have B. did C. had D. do
30. （湖南卷）32. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn't stopped ringing. People _____ to
ask how I am going to spend the money.
A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning



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