机械设备安装需要注意的若干问题中英文对照
江西中考时间-烟台十四中
机械设备安装需要注意的若干问题中英文对照
Mechanical equipment installation need to pay
attention to several issues
伴随着市场经济的快速
发展，机械设备的使用越来越频繁，几乎所有的工程项目都要依赖
相关的机械设备来支持才能完成施工任
务，而关于机械设备的安装施工就成了各个工程施工
的重要组成部分，只有科学地完成机械设备的安装，
才能发挥机械设备的功能，才能更好地
完成工程。因此如何有效控制机械设备安装工程质量是成为机械设
备安装工程的施工重点内
容之一，所以安装人员的技术水平决定了整个安装工程的质量。
Along with the rapid development of market
economy, the use of mechanical equipment is more
and more frequent, almost all of the project
relies on related machinery and equipment to
support
to complete the construction tasks,
and about the mechanical equipment installation
construction
becomes the engineering
construction is an important part of, only to
complete the installation of
the mechanical
equipment scientifically, to exert the function of
the mechanical equipment, in
order to better
complete the project. Therefore how to effectively
control the mechanical
equipment installation
engineering quality is become one of the important
content of mechanical
equipment installation
engineering construction, so the installation
personnel technical level
determines the
quality of the whole installation project.
1.机械设备安装工程中的装配
1. The assembly of
mechanical equipment installation engineering
1.1 螺栓连接的防松装置；螺栓连接本身具有自锁性，承受工作温度比较稳定的情况
下
是可靠的，但在冲击振动和交变荷载作用下，自锁性就受到破坏。因此，需增加防松装置。
1.1 bolt connection locking device; Bolt
connection itself has the self-locking, work under
the
temperature under the condition of stable
is reliable, but in the impact vibration and
alternating
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loads, since the lock is damaged. Therefore,
needs to increase the locking device.
1.2 键连接；键是用来连接轴和轴上零件，键连接的特点是结构简单工作可靠装拆方便键
通常按构造
和用途分为松键紧键和花键。
1.2 key connection; Keys
are used for connecting shaft and shaft parts, key
link is the feature of
simple structure,
convenient operation and reliable work key press
structure and USES are divided
into loose
tight usually key and the spline.
1.3
滑动轴承安装；滑动轴承是一种滑动摩擦的轴承，其点是工作可靠平稳无噪音油膜
吸振能力强，因此可承
受较大的冲击载荷。
1.3 slide bearing installation;
Sliding bearing is a sliding friction bearing, the
points are reliable
work smoothly without
noise of oil film vibration absorbing ability is
strong, so can bear bigger
impact load.
1.4
齿轮传动机构的安装；齿轮传动机构具有传动准确可靠结构紧凑体积小效率高维修
方便等优点。
1.5 蜗轮蜗杆传动机构的安装；蜗轮蜗杆传动机构的特点是传动力大准确，
传动平稳，噪音小，结构
紧凑，能自锁不足之处是传动效率低，工作时产生摩擦热量大需要
良好的润滑。
1.4 the installation of the gear transmission
mechanism; Gear transmission mechanism has a
compact structure small volume for accurate
and reliable transmission of high efficiency and
easy
maintenance. 1.5 the installation of the
worm and worm wheel transmission mechanism; Worm
gear and worm drive mechanism is characterized
by accurate transmission power is big, smooth
transmission, low noise, compact structure,
and can be self-locked deficiency is low
transmission
efficiency, work need good
lubrication friction heat.
2.机械设备安装时注意的问题
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2. When installation, pay attention to
the problem of mechanical equipment
2.1
设备开箱与清点：在设备交付现场
2.1 equipment out of the
box and the count: at the scene of the equipment
delivery
安装之前，技术人员要按照设备装箱清单和设备技术文件对安装的机
械设备全部进行清
点、登记和检查、同时，还要对其中的重要零部件的质量进行检查验收清点设备的零件
、附
件是否短缺，检查设备的外观及零附件是否有损坏和锈蚀的现象做好开箱记录，检查说明书
出厂合格证是否齐全。
Prior to installation,
technical personnel should according to the
packing list and equipment
technical
documentation for the installation of all
machinery and equipment inventory, registration
and inspection, at the same time, also to
examine one of the important parts of quality
acceptance
check of equipment parts,
attachment is shortage, check the appearance of
the equipment and zero
accessories for damage
and corrosion phenomenon well out of the record,
check whether manual
factory certification is
complete.
2.2 设备安装前的基础放线：施工技术人员在进行安装之前
，一定要先按照设备设计图
和相关物的轴线或边沿线、标高线，来合理地划定安装的基准线、同时设置具
体基础位置线
和基础标高线。
2.2 pay-off: the basis
of the equipment before installation before
construction and technical
personnel to
install, must according to the equipment drawings
and related material first axis,
elevation
along the line or edge, to reasonably defined
installation line, at the same time set the
specific line of position and elevation of the
line.
2.3 对设备的精确度检测与调整：精确度检测的主要内容包括检测设
备零部件之间的相
对位置误差，如垂直度平行度同轴度误差等进行精度的检测，为了保证设备在原定基础
上准
确就位，设备吊装就位后应根据已设置的中心标板，挂设基准线对于出现误差的部分要进行
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精度的检测和科学的调整，以保证安装准确。
2.3 to the accuracy of the detection and
adjustment equipment, precision testing test
equipment
(including spare parts between the
relative position errors, such as
perpendicularity, parallelism
and so on
carries on the precision of the alignment error
detection, in order to guarantee the
accuracy
of the equipment on the basis of original in
place, after the equipment hoisting in place
should be based on has been set at the center
of the board, hung a baseline for sections appear
error to test the accuracy and scientific
adjustment, to ensure that installation is
accurate.
3.机械设备安装要求与内容
3.
Machinery and equipment installation requirements
and content
3.1 各种机械设备的安装工序一般必须经过吊装运输；设
备开箱检验；放线就位；设备定
位；零件装配和部件组装调整；试运转及工程验收等。所不同的是，在这
些工序中对不同的
机械设备采用不同的方法；例如在安装过程中对大型设备采取解体安装法，而对小型设
备则
采用整体安装法。
3.1 all kinds of
mechanical equipment installation process
generally must go through lifting
transport;
Unpacking inspection equipment; Pay-off in place;
Equipment positioning; Parts
assembly and
parts assembly adjustment; Commissioning and
acceptance of work, etc. The
difference is
that in the process of different mechanical
equipment adopts different methods; For
example, during the installation process to
collapse on large equipment installation method,
and
the whole installation method will be used
on small devices.
3.2 机械设备安装的要求；首先要严格保
证设备安装的质量、要按设计图纸、设备结构
图、安装说明书和施工验收规范、质量检验评定标准以及操
作规程进行正确的施工、其次，
还要采用科学的施工方法、加快工程进度、保证按期投入生产。
3.2 mechanical equipment installation
requirements; First to strictly guarantee the
quality of
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equipment installation, according to design
drawings, equipment structure, installation
instruction
and construction acceptance
specifications, quality inspection evaluation
standards and operational
procedures for the
correct construction, second, to adopt scientific
construction method, speed up
the project
progress, ensure production on schedule.
3.3 机械设备安装的施工内容；主要包括机械设备的起吊和运输、机械设备与零部件组
装、管配件的安装、各种容器内部零件的装配、切割和焊接。
3.3
mechanical equipment installation construction of
the content; Mainly includes the machinery
and
equipment, hoisting and transportation machinery
and equipment, spare parts and assembly,
the
installation of pipe fittings, all kinds of
container assembly, cutting and welding of
internal
parts.
4.设备安装固定及密封面处理
4. Equipment installation fixed and sealing
surface treatment
4.1 设备固定时在设备基础上，除了一些
可移动机械设备外，设备的固定在重型。高速、
振动的机械设备安装工程中，绝大部分机械设备必须在其
中心牢固地固定，因为若没有牢固
的固定就可能会造成重大事故的发生，如果是解体设备的安装则需要把
底座就位固定后，再
进行组装。
4.1 devices when fixed
based on the equipment, in addition to some mobile
machinery and
equipment, fixed in the heavy
equipment. High speed and vibration of mechanical
equipment
installation engineering, most of
the machinery must be securely fixed in the
center, because if not
strongly attached may
cause major accidents happen, if it is the
collapse of the equipment after the
installation you need to put the base in place
fixed, and then to assemble.
4.2 在对进行设
备按装时，施工技术人员必须按照相关单位所提供的设备质量合格证明
书和相关技术要求进行安装。如果
在安装过程中发现有制造缺陷, 应该联系制造厂家研究处
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理,不得擅自作出处理决定。
4.2 in the
equipment, under the construction technical
personnel must, in accordance with the
relevant units of the equipment supplied by
quality qualification certificate and related
technical
requirements for installation. If
found in the installation process manufacturing
defects, research
should contact the
manufacturer processing, shall not make decision
without authorization.
4.3 设备安装时锁定的位置包
括，坐标位置（不同平面的标高、平面外形尺寸、凸台上
平面外形尺寸、凹穴尺寸）、平面的水平程度、
基础的铅垂程度、预埋地脚螺栓孔的中心位
置、预埋地脚螺栓的标高和中心距、深度和孔壁铅垂程度、中
心位置、带槽锚板和带螺纹锚
板的水平程度、预埋活动地脚螺栓锚板的标高等。
4.3 lock position including equipment
installation time, coordinates (elevation in
different plane,
plane shape size, convex
platform plane size, the size of the recess
shape), flat level degree,
vertical degree,
the center of the embedded anchor bolt hole, the
elevation of embedded anchor
bolts and center
distance, depth and vertical degree, the center
position of hole wall, slotted anchor
plate
and the degree of the level of the anchor plate
with screws, embedded anchor bolt anchor
slab
elevation, etc.
4.4 防止设备安装时发生位移或倾覆，同时也
为保持设备长期的安装精度，保证设备的
正常运转需要将设备与基础进行连接，即把机械设备牢固地固定
在设备基础上。在安装工程
中，地脚螺栓的作用是将机械设备与地基基础牢固地连接起来，防止设备在工
作时发生位移、
振动和倾覆。地脚螺栓的长度应符合施工图的规定。
4.4 to
prevent displacement or capsized during equipment
installation and also to maintain the
equipment installation accuracy for a long
time, ensure the normal operation needs to be
connected with the equipment, and is the
mechanical equipment firmly fixed on the basis of
equipment. In installation engineering, is the
role of anchor bolt connecting with mechanical
equipment foundation firmly, prevent the
equipment on the job displacement, vibration, and
capsized. The length of the anchor bolt should
conform to the provisions of the construction
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drawing.
4.5 设备密封面应涂色,用平板检查其接触情况, 法兰及主要阀门密封面整圈连续接触
无间断且达
一定规定。油结合面平整光洁,接触均匀并不得有贯通的沟痕, 接触不良时应进行
研制。设备油接口的
法兰面,应涂色检查,达不到要求应研制。丝扣联接件应涂相应的涂料和
垫料,联接牢固。油(水)位计
,安装位置正确、易观察、保护罩工艺美观。平台梯子栏杆按图
施工,制作安装达到工艺要求。
4.5 equipment sealing surface should be
painted, with flat check the contact situation,
flange and
valve sealing surface, the
uninterrupted and continuous contact up to a
certain rules. Oil combined
with smooth
surface is bright and clean, and uniform contact
and should be well versed in the
trench, when
poor contact, should be developed. The oil
interface flange, the equipment should be
painted, can not meet the requirements shall
be developed. Threaded connection corresponding
coatings and coating must be padded,
connection is firm. Oil (water) level gauge,
installation
location, easy to observe, right
shielding technology and beautiful. Achieve
platform ladder rail
according to the figure
construction, fabrication and installation process
requirements.
综上所述，机械设备安装质量是直接关系到企业生产效
益的发挥,以及生命财产的安全。
安装质量与工人操作水平有直接关系, 而且受到设计、材料设备制造
等质量因素影响。因此
机械设备安装要求工程技术人员必须具备扎实的基础理论知识和丰富的实践经验，
严格执行
规范标准，确保机械设备安装的工艺和合理的质量控制。
To sum
up, mechanical equipment installation quality is
directly related to the enterprise
production
efficiency, as well as the lives and property
safety. Installation quality and operation
level has a direct relationship between the
workers, but also affected by the design, material
quality factors such as equipment
manufacturing. So mechanical equipment
installation
engineering and technical
personnel must have a solid basic theoretical
knowledge and rich
practical experience, and
strictly enforce standards, ensure mechanical
equipment installation
process and reasonable
quality control.
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