雅思阅读题中的原文原词干扰需注意
职教论文-广西地方税务局
雅思阅读题中的原文原词干扰需注意
在此，小编为你总结一下，哪些题型可能会出现“原词干扰”：
一、判断题
判断题属于细节题型，但和填空题、配对题不同的是这种题型考查对原文的
逻辑理解能力，所以解答判断
题的关键是对原文句子的理解而不是原词的定位。
对于判断题，考官会在题目当中设置几个和原文一样的
词来误让你以为和原文表
达一致，从而错选TRUEYES。以剑7真题第四套中的17题为例，
17.) Ninety per cent of all Pacific salmon
were caught are sockeye or
pink salmon.
原文：All five species of Pacific salmon -- chinook,
or king; chum, or
dog; coho, or silver;
sockeye, or red; and pink, or humpack -- spawn in
Alaskan waters, and 90% of all Pacific salmon
commercially caught in
North America are
produced there.
题目当中的关键词 Ninety per
centPacific salmonsockeyepink
salmon都是原文当中的原词，
所以如果不理解句子的意思可能会错以为答案是
TRUE。但是仔细分析下，原文是由“and”并列起
来的复合句，前半句列举了
Pacific
salmon的五个品种，后半句说北美捕捉到的90%Pacific
salmon都产
自于阿拉斯加，但是具体这90%是什么品种原文并没有说明，所以答案是NOT
GIVEN。
二、选择题
选择题是细节题型，但是做这种
题型需要你用答判断题时的逻辑判断出来哪
三个选项是false或not given，从而选出正确
选项。选择题的干扰选项也会设
置原文原词来影响你的判断。以剑4真题第一套的27题为例，
27.) In the first paragraph the writer makes
the point that blind
people
A. may be
interested in studying art.
B. can draw
outlines of different objects and surfaces.
C. can recognise conventions such as perspective.
D. can draw accurately.
原文From a
number of recent studies, it has become clear that
blind
people can appreciate the use of
outlines and perpectives to describe
the
arrange-ment of objects and other objects in
space.
这道题很多学生都会误选B选项，因为该选项当中的
outlinesob
jectssurfaces都是原文当中的原词，如此认为的学生一定是忽略
了原文当中use...
to...的结构，意为通过使用outlines和perpectives来描述
objects和
objects，而不是像B选项所说的直接画出来。而考官却用很多学生
都不熟悉的conventi
on“惯用法”一词来同义替换原文。
三、段落标题配对题
和前面
两个题型有所不同，段落标题配对题是考查主旨类题型。这种题型的
备用选项会出现原文某一段落中某句
话的某个原词，但是烤鸭们一定要注意越是
和文章高度一致的选项越有可能是干扰项。以剑8真题第一套
18题，F段为例。
vi ) Controlling pilots' licences
viii ) Setting rules to weather conditions
F ) The FAA then recognised two types of
operating environments. In
good meteorological
conditions, flying would be permitted under Visual
Flight Rules(VFR), which suggests a strong
reliance on visual cues to
maintain an
acceptable level of safety. Poor visibility
necessitated a set of
Instrumental Flight
Rules(IFR), under which the pilot relied on
altitude
and navigational information provided
by the plane's instrument panel
to fly safely.
On a clear day, a pilot in controlled airplace can
choose a
VFR or IFR flight plan, and the FAA
regulations were divised in a way
which
accommodates both VFR and IFR operations in the
same airspace.
However, a pilot can only
choose to fly IFR if they possess an instrument
rating which is above and beyond the basic
pilot's license that must also
be held.
标题vi是最大干扰项，因为pilot(划线部分)在F 段出现了不止一次，所以
有的学生可能会在
读不懂原文的情况下选择包含pilot一词的vi标题。实际上F
段主旨句是第一句(注意阴影部分)
FAA认定了两种操作环境，然后第二句话说明
在好的天气状况下用VFR，第三句说在不好的视觉状况
下用IFR。所以正确标题
应该是viii，选项中的weather
conditions和F段主句中的meteorological
conditions同义替换。