李海石-规章制度的重要性

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英语时间状语从句讲解与练习
英语时间状语从句讲解与练习
when, while 和 as 引导时间状语从句的用法
这三个词的意思很简单，都有“当……时候”的意思。但学
生经常会问三个词的区别在哪儿 ，特别是在做选择题的时候。别
说是学生，就我个人而言，做这样的选择题要保证百分之百的正
确也是不可能的。现根据大量的实例和个人的思考，做一点小结，
供大家参考。
一、when 的用法
如果只从现象来看，when 从句用的最多的是一般过去时，
而主句的时态没有限制,根据具体情况而定。
1. When he was a child he was always trying out new
ideas.
他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。
2. When she came into my room, I was just reading a book.
她走进我房间时，我正在看书。
3. Were you writing when the teacher came in 老师进
来的时候，你在写信吗？
4. Sorry, I was out when you called me. 对不起，你打
电话来的时候我出去了。
5. He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked
at the door.
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他正要走，这时有人敲门。
6. I thought of it just when you opened your mouth. 就
在你要说话的时候，我也想到了。
7. I had hardly[scarcely] closed my eyes when someone
knocked at the door.
我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。
根据以上的例句，我们可以总结出一点：when 从句的A事
件，相当于另一个事件B发生的时间点。也就是说，when 从句
的重点不在动作本身发生的状态，而只是把它作为一个时间点，
所以when 多数情况下 用的是一般过去时，则不用正在进行时。
因为如果用正在进行时，它表示的就是一段时间而不是一个时间
点了。根据这一点，有的文章补充说：when 从句的动词大多是
瞬时动词。这种说法也可以参照。
实际上，when 从句也可以有其它的时态，但几乎也不用进
行时，因为它也只是作为一个时间参照点。例如：
1. When I got to the airport, the guests had left. 当
我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。
2. When he had finished his homework, he took a short
rest.
当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。
3. Why do you want a new job when you have got such a
good one already？
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你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？
4. You shall borrow the book when I have finished
reading it.
在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。
5. When the manager comes here for a visit next week,
I’ll talk with him about this.
下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。

二、while 的用法
相比于when 来说，while 从句的侧重点就不一样了。while
从句的侧重点在于描述动作正在发生的状态，它的意思是：当
while 事件正在发生的时候，另一件事如何如何。所以，while 从
句一般用的是正在进行时。而另一件事的状态没有硬性的要求，
根据具体情况而定。例如：
1. While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was
watching TV.
当妻子正在看报纸的时候，我正在看电视。
2. While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see
him.
正当吉姆修自行车时，林涛来看他。
3. While they were talking, the bell rang. 正在他们
谈话的时候，上课铃响了。
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4. You can’t do your homework while you’re watching
TV.
你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。
5. While John was sitting biting his nails, I was
working out a plan to get us home.
约翰坐在那里咬指甲时，我正在制定一个回家的计划。
从时间的角度来看，while 表示的是一段时间，是一个过程。
这是while 的侧重点。因此，如果含有“一段时间”的含义的
时候，就可以用while。
6. Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
这句话中，是说趁着铁是热的这段时间，赶紧打铁。如果换
成 when 意思就变了，相当于说铁只热了一下，打一下，然后铁
就冷了。这显然不符合文意。
再例：
—I'm going to the post office.
—While you're there, can you get me some stamps

三、as 的用法
as 从句表示的也是一件事情正在发生，另一件事也正在进
行当中。但与 while 从句不同的是，as 从句用的一般不用正在
进行时，而只是一般过去时。as 从句一般可以翻译成“边……
边……”。例如：
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1. As my mother sang those old songs, tears ran down
her cheeks.
当我妈妈唱起那些老歌时，眼泪顺着她的脸颊流了下来。
2. The students took notes as they listened. 学生们
边听课边做笔记。
3. As we talked on, he got more and more excited. 我
们继续往下谈的时候，他越来越兴奋。
4. The little girls sang as they went. 小姑娘们一边
走，一边唱。
5. Just as he caught the ball, there was a tearing
sound.
当他抓住球的时候，有一种撕裂的声音。
as 表达的事件，往往只是主句动作发生的背景或条件时，
as 只是一个次要的时间说明，不像while 从句有强调 while 动
作本身的意思。因此，as 常常翻译成“随着……”之意。
例如：
1. As the time went on，the weather got worse. 随着
时间的推移，气候更加糟糕。
2. The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the
height increases.
随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。
3. As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer.
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随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。
少数情况下，如果强调动作正在发生，as 从句也可以用正
在进行时。这只能算是特例了。
1. The sad mother sat on the roadside, shouting as she
was crying.
伤心的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫喊。
2. As we were going out, it began to snow. 正当我们
出门时，雪开始下起来。
3. He came in as I was going to bed. 我正要上床睡觉，
他进来了。

四、when, while, as 的互换
如果从句动作和主句动作同时发生，并且从句动作为延续性
动词时，when，while，as 可以互换使用。这种情况下，它们的
细微区别恐怕连英、美人自己也说不清了。
1. When While As we were dancing, a stranger came in.
当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。 [dance 为延续
性动词]
2. When While As she was making a phone call, I was
writing a letter.
当她在打电话时，我正在写信。 [make为延续性动词]
3. WhileWhen As I was walking down the street, I
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noticed a police car in front of the
bank.
我顺着马路往前走时，发现银行门前停着一辆警车。

五、比较while, when, as
1）as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。
例如：Just as Just when When I stopped my car,
a man came up to me.
我刹车后，有一个人向我走来。
2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导
这个从句，不可用as 或 while。
例如：When you have finished your work, you may have
a rest.
干完活后，你可以休息一下。
3）从句表示“随时间推移”连词能用as，不用when 或
while。
例如： As the day went on, the weather got worse.
日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。

2）比较until和till
此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是“直至某
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时才做某事”。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正 确使用这两
个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定
式。
肯定句：I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。
（在肯定句中可用before代替。例如：Let's get in the
wheat before the sun sets.）
否定句：She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock. 她直到6
点才到。
Don't get off the bus until it has stopped. 公
共汽车停稳后再下车。
I didn't manage to do it until you had
explained how. 直到你教我后，我才会做。
区别：1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。
例如：Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what
happened.
直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。
3）until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。例如：
---Until when are you staying 你呆到什么时候
--- Until next Monday. 呆到下周一。
注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。
4）Not until…在句首，主句用倒装。
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例如：Not until the early years of the 19th century
did man know what heat is.
直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热为何物。
Not until I began to work did I realize how
much time I had wasted.
直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了许多岁月。
5）It is not until… that….
例如：It was not until I began to work that I realized
how much time I had wasted.
6）表示“一……就……”的结构
hardlyscarcely…whenbefore, no sooner…than 和
as soon as都可以表示“一……就……”的
意思。
例如：
I had hardly scarcely got home when it began to
rain. 刚回家，就下起雨来了。
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
As soon as I got home, it began to rain.
注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，
句子必须用倒装结构。
例如：
Hardly Scarcely had I got home when it began to
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rain.
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

六、练习：在下列各句的空格中填入适当的连词
1．_________ he comes tomorrow, I shall ask where he
has been.
2．_________ he was speaking, everybody listened
carefully.
3．I saw her just _________ she was getting off the
train.
4．Have a good look at that man _________ you pass him.
5．It was already eight o'clock _________ we got there.
6. I was about to go out _________ a visitor came.
7．We'll go to the country at the beginning of June,
______ the summer harvest will start.
8. He learned to speak German _________ he was in
Berlin.
9. Henry is in charge of the office ________ Mr. Smith
is away.
10. I listen to the recorder _________ I have time.
11. He had learned Chinese _________ he came to China.
12. _________ the work was done, we sat down to sum up
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experience.
13. I haven't seen him _________ he moved to the other
side of the town.
14. I waited ________ he came back.
15. It was not ________ he took off his eyeglasses that
I recognized him.
16. She likes everything to be in place ________ she
starts to work.
17. The thieves ran away _________ they caught sight
of the police.
18. They decided to go back home _________ their money
ran out.
19. We played outside till sunset, _________ it began
to rain。
20. __________ I get to the airport, I will phone you
to pick me up.
21. They were about to leave ______ it began to rain.
22. He always stay in bed ______ lunch time.
23. I like playing tennis _________ my younger sister
prefers watching ball games.
24. _________ I understand your viewpoint, I don’t
agree with you.
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25. _______ she grew older, she became more
responsible.

Key:
1. When 2. While When 3. as 4. whenas
5. when 6. when
7. when 8. while 9. while 10.
whenever 11. before 12. After
13. since 14. tilluntil 15. until 16.
before 17. as soon as 18. before
19. when 20. As soon as 22. until
23. while 24. While
25. As

综合练习十七
I.单项选择。
( ) 1. My house is ______ the post office and the
bank..
A on B in C between D over
( ) 2. What’s your favorite music __________.
A I like pop music best B My favorite singer
is Liu Huan
C I often play basketball with you D My favorite
is English
( ) 3. ________ I like a small one.
A Where is the country B What size pizza would you
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like
C Why do you like panda best D Where are elephants
from
( ) 4. Did you go shopping yesterday _________.
A Yes, I do B Yes, I did C Yes, I am D No, I
couldn’t
( ) 5. Do you like country Yes, ________.
A Yes, I am a country fan B Yes, I am
a pop fan
C Yes, I am interested in classical music
D Yes, he is a fan
( ) does the rock singer______ He is tall and thin.
A look B look like C looks like D
like
( ) 7. The girl is ___________ quiet.
A a bit little B a little bit C little a bit
D bit a little
( ) 8. My friend is a ___________ girl.
A good- looking B good-look C looking
–good D look-good
( ) 9. _________ Go upstairs and turn right.
A What are the jazz CDs B
Where are the CDs
C Who is the woman D How can you sing the song
( ) 10. ____________ He is thirteen years old.
A Where is he from B Why do you like him C How
old is he D Is he very smart
( ) 11. Do you like a small, medium or large pizza
_________.
A I ’ d like a medium pizza B Yes, I like
C I’d like some cheese on it D I want buy some
( ) 12. I don’t like hot dogs ________ hamburgers.
A and B or C with D but
( ) 13. _________ a bottle of milk, some hot dog ,and
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hamburgers on the table.
A There are B There is C There have D
There has
( ) 14. __________ She is a nurse.
A Where does your mother do B What does your mother
do
C What is your mother doing D Who is your mother
( ) 15. Where do you work _________.
A I work in a school B I am a teacher
C I want to be a teacher D I go to school every
day
II.句式转换。
1. We had eggs and milk for breakfast. （改为一般疑问句）
_________________________________
2. There was a beautiful girl in the park. （画线提问）
______________________________________
3. David went to the summer camp last week. （改为否定句）
________________________________
4. They usually does homework at home. （用now改写）
__________________________________
5. He went for a walk every morning. （画线提问）
________________________________________
6. The Japanese woman was 70 years old .（画线提问）
____________________________________
III.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Li Ping decided ____________ (make) his breakfast.
2. Please help the children ____________ (do) their
homework.
3. I found the little girl ____________ (cry) in the corner.
4. ____________ (not take) a shower when you are ill in bed.
5. Let's ____________ (buy) some hamburgers and soda.
6. We had fun ____________ (swim) in the water yesterday
afternoon.
7. His father made him ____________ (go) to bed before 10:00
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every evening.
8. Every student wants ____________ (clean) the classroom.
9. One of the animals ____________ (be) very friendly and
intelligent.
10. Who can ____________ (write) an English article
11. Listen! She ____________ (sing) in the next room.
12. He ____________ (see) the police officer last night.
IV.就下列各句提问。
1. My favorite singer is Zhou Yuming.
___________ _______________________________________
2. His favorite group was Boys &
3. Her favorite kind of music is
4. They took a boy to hospital
5. Tony's birthday is December
6. Their T-shirts are blue and
V.用适当的介词填空。
1. __________ lunch, Jim likes hamburgers, chicken, and
apples.
2. Take the dictionary __________ my room, please.
3. The sweaters are __________ a good price.
4. Here’s a list __________ names.
5. March is __________ February and April.
6. We usually watch TV __________ weekends.
7. I often go to movies __________ my friend, Jack.
8. __________ fact, the movie is very boring.
9. She was born __________ August 19th, 1991.
10. The girl __________ red is Mr. Green’s daughter.
11. Ed Edgarson only watches sports __________ TV.

名词基础知识再现
一、写出下列名词的复数形式：
Month zero kilo photo
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piano
plant member fridge German
boy
toy orange chair class
bench
glass brush box pencil-box
wish
inch fish watch tomato
potato
knife half housewife leaf
shelf
wolf thief factory dictionary
butterfly
city family country baby
policeman
policewoman man woman foot
tooth
woman doctor child mouse
goose
Chinese fish sheep deer
二、用所给词的适当形式填空：
1.
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There are some (potato) in the box.

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2. Look! There are a lot of
(leaf)on the ground.
3.
4.
5.
Some (policeman)are standing there.
He has three (boy).
There are a few (people)in the room.
would like three (glass)of (milk).
7.
8.
9.
It has four (foot).
There are two (baby)in the cradle.
These (watch)and (clock)are made
in this (city).
10.
pair of new
Sunday.
11. The two (woman doctor) are my
Jack' s father bought a
(shoe) for him last
(girlfriend)
12.
(paper).
13.
of
14.
(glass).
15.
17
Please pass me two pieces of
Tell me if there are two boxes
(pen) in it.
These (glass) are made of
How many (time)have you been to Paris

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16. Tomorrow two (Australian) and three
(Frenchman)will visit the village.
17. There is something
wrong with one of the elephant's (foot).
18.
because he made few
test.
19.
for Tom's and May’s
20.
The man is waiting
(teacher).
The old house is so
My cousin was so happy
(mistake)in his maths
dirty and there are a lot of (mouse)
here.
三、用名词的所有格填空：
1. It’s every (child) dream to own a car.
2. (Children) clothes aren’t cheap.
3. She has gone to the (hairdresser) (美容
师) .
4. What’s the name of (Charles) .
5. How much are you paid for a (day) work
6. Repairing the car is about five (days)
work.
7. Anna is a (girl) name.
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8. (Girls) names are different from (boys)
names.
四．单复数句型转换：
A. 单数句变复数句
1. There is a bookshelf in my bedroom.→
2. She has an old dress in her wardrobe. →
3. I will work hard all my life. →
4. That taxi driver is Xiao Hong’s uncle. →
5. Can you see a deer running in the forest →
B. 复数句变单数句
1. The young women are all in white trousers. →
2. They want to be editors-in-chief. →
3. These boys will make friends with those girls. →
4. The old ladies have many grandchildren. →
五、选择填空：
1. There are twelve in a year.
A. month B. monthes C. months
2. Three are standing over there.
A. police B. policeman C. policemen
3. The soldiers gave their to the country in the
war（战争）.
A. lives B. lifes C. life
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4. Look! Here is your .
A. skirt B. shirts C. skirts
5. Half of the were taken in England.
A. photoes B. photos C. photo
6. I have today.
A. headache B. a headache C. headaches
7. I’m interested in one of these .
A. story B. stories C. storys
8. My uncle watched a few TV last week.
A. play B. plaies C. plays
9. She had three for lunch.
A. bottles of orange juices B. bottle of orange juice
C. bottles of orange juice
10. There are two on the plate.
A. pieces of meat B. piece of meat C. pieces of
meats
11. Mother bought a pair of for me last week.
A. shoe B. glasses C. glass
12. Several will visit our school next Monday.
A. Japaneses B. Americans C. Englishman
13. Can you give us any to do
A. works B. worker C. work
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14. It’s about an walk from here to my home.
A. hours B. hours’ C. hour’s
15. are sitting at the breakfast table.
A. The family B. Family C. Families
16. turn yellow in autumn.
A. Leaves B. Leafs C. leaf
17. In a few time we hope to cover those
mountains.
A. years B. year’s C. years’
18. Twenty young in our village joined the army
last year.
A. peoples B. people’s C. people
19. are a hardworking people.
A. Chinese B. The Chineses C. The Chinese
20. Jack took away my pencil-box by .
A. a mistake B. mistake C. mistakes
21. Mother does in my family.
A. much housework B. much homework C. many
houseworks
22. Please make for the old man.
A. a room B. room C. the room
23. I’ll give you to finish the work.
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A. two day’s time B. two days time C. two days’
time
24. We walk with our .
A. foots B. foot C. feet
25. She often goes to the factory , not by bus.
A. by foot B. on foot C. by her foot
26. How many can you see in the picture
A. monkey B. monkeys C. monkeies
27. “What is she” “She is .”
A. Lily B. her sister C. a girl student
28. The sun rises in the and goes down in
the .
A. west, east B. ease, north C. east, west
29. Half of the telephone calls are made in
English.
A. worlds B. world C. world’s
30. We usually have four in the morning.
A. class B. class’s C. classes
31. The of the table are too short.
A. leg B. legs C. leggs
32. That shop sells clothes.
A. the men’s B. men’s C. man’s
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33. “Whose room is that” “It’s .”
A. my B. my brother’s C. my brothers
34. How many do you have
A. tooths B. teeth C. toothes
35. He is a boy.
A. six-year-old B. six-years-old C. six years old
36. We've missed the last bus. I'm afraid we have no
but to take a taxi.
A. way B. choice C. possibility
D. selection
37. Here's my number. Let's keep in .
A. touch B. relation C. connection D.
friendship
38. David gained his by printing of
famous writers.
A. wealth; work B. wealths; works
C. wealths; work D. wealth; works
39. Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas,
wind and other forms of .
A. energy B. source C. power D.
material
40. Every day we get in the newspaper, on the
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radio and on TV too.
A. many informations B. all kinds of
information
C. informations D. an information
41. Please give my to your mother.
A. regards B. wish C. love D. hope
42. It was so crowded in the room that there was
for me.
A. no room B. no rooms C. some room D. no
spaces
43. I don't like these gloves. Please show me
another .
A. one B. pair C. couple D.
piece
44. The student of lives in the country.
A. my brother B. my brothers’ C. my brother’s
D. my brothers
45. How many are there in the country
A. zooes B. zoo C. zoos D. zoo’s
46. My sister bought two for me.
A. radioes B. radioss C. radio D. radios
47. Yesterday Smith bought some in the market.
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A. tomato B. vegetables C. tomatos D. potatos
48. The doctor gave the young girl on how to keep
her health.
A. a piece of advice B. some advices C. an advice
D. few pieces of advices
49. People in that city had various kinds of all
the year round.
A. much amusement B. amusements C. amusement D.
a lot of amusement
50. Does she have in understanding the novel
A. some difficulties B. some difficulties C. any
difficulties D. any difficulty




新目标英语(Go For It)八年级下册第三单元
What were you doing when the UFO arrived 说课稿
一、教材分析:
1. 位置和内容:这是新目标英语(Go For It)八年级下册第< br>三单元第一课时。谈论如何使用过去进行时。如何使用过去进行
时是本单元的重点内容。为了让学 生更好的认识过去进行时，我
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重新安排了教学内容:SectionA(1a、1b、
1c), SectionB (4b). 把这些内容组合在一起。 同时我也
创造了一些便于进行沟通交流的情境，让学生学会使用过去进行
时。
2．教学重点: 如何使用过去进行时。
3．教学难点: 如何在由when引导的时间状语使用过去进行时。
二、教学目标：
1. 知识目标：要求学生掌握使用过去进行时。
2. 能力目标：让学生做课堂的主人，同时培养他们掌握一些行
之有效的学习方法,优化学习效果。
3. 情感目标：让学生爱上英语课堂活动,鼓励他们在课堂上进
行合作交流。
4.学习策略目标：设法使学生掌握使用英语进行交流，学习积极
参与班级活动.
三、教学分析：
1. 说教法：
1)任务型教学法：给学生三项任务， 让学生使用过去进行时来
完成这些任务。使他们在任务中学习英语。
2)情景教学法：创造足 够的交际环境刺激学生的视听能力,使他
们能够更好的理解这一时态。以培养他们的听和会话能力。
3)交易际教学法：学生可以通过俩俩对话或小组对话来掌握过去
进行时。
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2. 说学法：
1)学生要善于把握机会,用英语进行沟通，大胆实践。
2)积极参加课堂活动，培养合作关系。
四.学生分析:
学生七年级下册就学过现在进行时, 并掌握如何使用现
在进行时来描述日常活动, 而且掌握了一些日常活动的短
语, 有利于他们学习过去进行时.
五. 教学过程的分析：
步骤1---组织
1）师生互相打招呼；
2）值日生报告；
步骤2 ---复习（目的是复习现在进行时）
1）显示三幅画面在屏幕(一学生在弹吉它,一学生在打蓝球, 一些
人在聚会,一人在玩电脑). 问： 他们在做什么？
2. 引导学生到实际情况中；问一男学生：请问你在做什么 学
生可能回答：我在听你说话。告诉全班同学： 他在听我说话。和
另一个女生重复操练这一个句型，然后尝试用现在进行时和全班
一起操练不同 的人称。
3.学生使用现在进行时进行小组对话。
步骤3---引入： 给学生介绍过去进行时。
1. 让学生A离开课室, 并在门口等候, 然后让学生B在黑板
上写字,学生C在课室内走动。接着叫A走进课室。
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2. 问学生B：:你在干什么 学生B回答:我在黑板上写
字. (把B的回答写在黑板上。重复这一个对话对C进行提问，
并 把C的回答也写在黑板上。接着问B：刚才当A走进课室的时
候你在做什么此时老师要帮助学生一起回答 并把答句写在黑板
上。并告诉全班同学当A走进课室的时候B正在黑板上写字。并
让全班同学重 复这句话。重复这个对话询问C当A走进课室的时
候他在做什么询问其它学生当A走进课室的时候他们又 在做什
么并帮助学生一起回答。
3. 告诉学生黑板上的句型就是我们今天学习的重点--- 过去进
行时
介绍过去进行时。
B：I am writing on the blackboard.
I was writing on the blackboard. C： I am walk
ing in the room.
I was walking in the room.
4 比较: 过去进行时与现在进行时。(作比较可以让学生有深
刻的印象)
时态 现在进行时 过去进行时
用法 表示现在正在进行的动作 表示过去某个时刻正在进行
的动作
结构 isamare + doing waswere + doing
例
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句 I am having an English class I was having
an English class.
步骤4---教授新课: SectionA(1a、1b、)
1． 屏幕上展示照片 (图18页)。给学生介绍图片相关的情况。
2． 让学生通过听力了解图片中发生的相关事情。 (这一步骤
是为了使学生了解课文，并且帮助学生能轻易完成下面的任务
1)
步骤5 ---三个任务：
任务1:谈论当飞碟到达的时候人们在做什么. 为了让工作更容
易做,教师点着图中的剪头发的人问: 当飞碟到达的时候他在
做什么。重复这一指令。
2. 学生小组操练上述的对话。并让一些学生来展示他们的对话
过程。
3．学生尝试把他们所讲的句子在练习本上写出来。
任务2:记忆比赛（让学生更加集中注意力在课堂上）
比赛是这样的:1. 展示十余张动画在屏幕上.动画按一定的时
间先后出现。
2. 把全班同学分成三个小组. 如果学生知道答案,迅速起来
回答，如果答案正确,那么他的团队能够取得10分.
任务3:用过去进行时描述图中的故事4b；
1. 显示照片在屏幕。画面是描述一个小偷偷 走了一个女孩子的
单车故事。提示学生在每一个画面都有时钟显示时间. 学生要
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利用时间进行描述.
2. 四个学生为一小组合作讨论这个故事的发展情节,每人负责
一个场景.
3. 让一两个小组来描述这个故事.
步骤6-- 总结：在学生经过三个任务操练后,帮助他们总结过去
进行时。
步骤7--- 作业:进行课后调查；
询问你的两个搭档昨天这个时候他们在做些什么. 下一节上课
的时候做一个调查报告。

Blackboard Work
Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO ar
rived？
I am writing on the blackboard.
I was writing on the blackboard. I am walking
in the room.
I was walking in the room.
用法 表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作
结构 waswere + doing
常见的
标志
词 1) at 9 o’clock yesterday, from 8 to 9 ye
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sterday morning
at thisthat time yesterday
2) 主句（过去进行时）＋ when + 从句（一般 过去时）
例
句 1)I was cutting hair at 9 o’clock yesterday
.
2)I was sleeping late when the UFO arrived.

新目标(八下)Unit 9-SectionA说课稿
Unit 9 Section A 3a, 3b &4 (Go for it 2B)说课稿

一、教材分析：
１、教材的地位及作用：
第二册第九单元第二节课，本单元 围绕阅读有关迪斯尼乐园的文
章开展多种教学活动，学会用Have you ever been to ….这个
句型来询问别人的经历。本节课是堂阅读课，它通过前几节课学
习的句型，进一 步加深对目标语言的理解和运用。
２、教学目标：（知识目标、能力目标、情感目标、学习策略
目标）
知识目标：
(１)学习单词：Disneyland, Mickey Mouse , Donald Duck,
character ,seen, theme, attraction, roller coaster, cruise,
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boat, take a ride, board. route , end up, island, especially,
travel.
(２)掌握句子：Have you ever been to ……
Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
能力目标：提高学生听、说、读、写及知识自学的综合能力。
情感目标：
①通过形 象、生动的教学使学生掌握如何去谈论过去的经历，增
强学生对美好事物的追求和向往。
②培养学生学习英语的强烈兴趣，乐于参加各种活动的积极情
感。
学习策略目标：
①善于抓住用英语交际的机会。
②积极参于，善于合作。
确立教学目标的依据：
根据英语课程标准规定，通过听、说、读、写的训练，使
学生获得英语基础知识和为交际 初步运用英语的能力，激发学生
的学习兴趣，为进一步学习打好初步的基础。此外，根据我国国
情和外语教学大纲的要求，现阶段外语教学的素质教育主要包括
思想素质教育、目的语素质教育、潜在外 语能力的培养、非智力
因素的培养等四方面。
３、重点与难点：
重点：学会用Have you ever done…..来描述过去的经历
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难点：文章中较难句子的理解及应用。
确立重点与难点的依据：根据课程标准的要求，及本课在教材中
所处的地位和作用。
二、说教法：
为了更好地突出重点，突破难点，我主要采用了：
1.任务型 教学法：新课标倡导的“玩中学，学中玩”的理念也很
受学生欢迎。例如，阅读文章时我设计了一些环节 ，让学生阅读
后完成各种活动。培养学生逻辑分类与表述能力。
2. 竞赛教学法：根据初中 生争强好胜的性格特征，我每堂课都
进行俩俩对话，激发学生兴趣，给学生创造外语语言氛，培养学生集体荣誉感。实践证明这是个复习巩固旧知识的好办法。
三、说学法：
1.善 于抓住用英语交际的机会，充分感知，积极体验，大胆
实践。例如，在复习环节，学生可以利用很多机会 ： dialogues
（每组都有一次机会），，Act out the conversation（每组一次）。
2.积极参于，善于合作。例如，本课设计了几个任务，操 作简单，
学生一定很感兴趣并且积极地参与其中，从而合作完成任务，培
养了团队精神。
四、说流程：
1.总体设计及依据
课前准备和复习（5分钟）－任务应用（ 8分钟）-阅读（25分
钟）－任务应用（6分钟）－－作业布置（1分钟）
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依据：
⑴遵循人类认识过程的普遍规律和学生认识活动的特点。
⑵教师为主导，学生为主体。
2.分步设计及依据
Step1课前准备和复习（5分钟）
1.个人汇报。自由选 择已学过或未学句型进行口语练习。创设英
语氛围，活跃课堂气氛，调动学习积极性。同时促进预习的开 展，
为新课导入做准备。
2. 用卡片学习本单元重点词汇与短语。直观教学，加深印象，
促进单词记忆，为新课的活动做准备。
Step 2 任务应用
通过表格的应用来学习其它动词的过去分词，进一步加强对目
标语言的应用。
Step3阅读（25分钟）
1. 让学生自行阅读课文2分钟，找出所猜的词。然后通过阅读
寻找答案，增强趣味性。
2. 划出文章中有趣味或没有趣味的事，进一步理解课文。
3. 回答问题，加深对文章的理解。
Step4任务应用（6分钟）
根据所学课文进行绘话练习，让学生学会交际使用，训练说的能
力。
StepⅤ作业布置（1分钟）
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为了巩固课堂上所学知识，给学生布置课外作业：完成写作并完
成部分练习。
本课以 素质教育为目的，结合教材重点、难点及英语学科特点，
利用任务型教学，从听、说、读、写等方面使学 生得到锻炼，在
愉快、轻松的氛围中温故而知新，达到初步运用英语交际的能力。
《新目标英语》八年级下册第一单元阅读理解部分。题目为
will people have robots
尊敬的老师，大家好。我说的课是《新目标英语》八年级下册
第一单元阅读理解 部分。题目为will people have robots本课
是学生初次接触的较长的阅读课文 。无论在知识含量还是在阅读
技能的培养上都是重点，课文的冗长，对机器人知识的匮乏都是
教 师上课的难点。因此需扩展相应知识，教授阅读方面技巧，从
而提高阅读能力。
二、教学对象分析：学生已达到新课标三级阅读水平的要求
三、教学目标分析：
知识目标：了解机器人的外形和功能；根据标题，推测文章内容。
能力目标：运用快速阅读和精读技巧，学会迅速并准确找到所需
信息
情感目标：使学 生关注国际高科技的发展；能够看到事物的两面
性：全面看待科技发展给我们带来的利弊。
四、教学重点：根据标题推测文章内容的阅读方法,了解机器人
的外形和功能。
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五、教学难点：对某些单词、词组和长句理解就“未 来是否愿意
和大量机器人共存”的论题陈述观点，时间1分钟左右。
六、教学方法与手段：
1、讨论法。
2、采用直观法. 导入播放机器人的视频，引起学生共鸣，激发
学生学习兴趣；
3、教学用具：多媒体、黑板
七、学法
1、自主学习：这一节是阅读课，所以我指导学生在不同的要求
下进行快速 阅读和深层阅读，要求学生运用自主学习法从整体上
把握课文，同时鼓励那些怕开口的同学，都参与到课 堂的中，动
手完成一些基础的学习任务，培养他们学习英语的信心，培养团
结合作的精神 2、合作学习：积极参与活动，相互交流，互帮互助，合作完成
任务，培养团队精神，更好地掌握本 课所学知识。
八、教学过程
（一） 导入新课（1’）
运用多媒体课件，播放有关机器人的视频，引起学生共鸣，激
发学生学习兴趣。 边看边展示与课文相关的新单词。让学生想
像机器人都是什么样的，机器人能做什么
（这样导入新课，自然创设学习情景，引起学生共鸣，引起学生
的兴趣。）
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（二）快速阅读（skimming）(4’)
任务：让学生带着要求快速阅读课文：
Get the main idea of the whole passage.
这个环节是让学生初读课文，目的是训练快速阅读技巧，学生 以
较快的速度完成阅读，迅速找到答案。（学法指导：注意:用浏
览、跳读和快读的技巧，培养 自己快速获有用信息的能力---抓
住关键词、主题句和中心大意的能力。
Tips: Reading for meaning , not for details(细节).不必逐
行阅读
（三）深层阅读(5’)
任务一：默读 文章，回答下列问题，我利用多媒体出示2个问
题，（把2个问题打出来）然后让学生带着问题进行有目 的阅读。
（这样做可以充分利用课本资源，而且化难为易.在全班校对答
案之前我让学生先进行 同桌相互校对，充分发挥生生互动。）
让学生学会有目的进行阅读，同时通过问题的巧妙设计，让学生
在语境中理解本文的重点词汇，比教师直接的讲授效果要好。
学生首先是在书上查找信息 ，属于知识输入阶段，然后回答是
输出的过程，在这里真正做到把知识转换为能力。第二次阅读文
章是解决重点内容的部分。通过上面二次阅读和训练。学生对课
文的大意及细节的关注已经有了一定的 认识。充分发挥合作学习
的方法让学生一起完成阅读任务应该是水到渠成。但有些学生基
础薄弱 ，缺乏信心和毅力，所以让他们在优生的帮助下，做力所
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能及的，和大家一起进行热烈的讨论，让他们感觉没有被班级抛
弃，英语学习对 他们并不是高不可攀，增强他们学习的勇气和信
心。同时培养全体同学的合作精神和竞争意识。
任务二：(10’)要求学生再次对课文进行深入细致阅读。我这样
做的目的是为了指导学生理解文章 的细节，段落大意，段与段之
间的联系，使学生对篇章结构有更深层次的理解，为此设计了几
项 具体的操练形式。
首先由四人一组，分组讨论，给文章分段并归纳出段落大意，找
出topic sentenc es。这样以来不仅体现了学生之间合作与探索
意识，同时又有助于培养学生分析归纳能力与合作解决问 题能
力。
然后是解释explaining: (15’)
这一部分主要是对学生 在阅读中遇到的问题进行排疑解难，同时
提出文章中的语法点，让学生学习语言知识。设计步骤：重新回
到文章当中，学生自主独立学习，找到并画出自己认为难懂、不
会的词、短语与句子，提出问题 ，让其他学生帮助解决问题，如
若有疑义，老师在进一步讲解。这样做的目的是学生能做的让他
们去做，让每一个学生都主动投入到课堂活动中来，始终坚持以
学生为本，教师起主导作用这一理念。
（四）听音并抢答(5’)
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让学生听磁带仔细听课文，通过分组比赛的形式让学生做对、
错练习一方面检测学生对该篇章 的理解程度，另一方面活跃气
氛。
（五）拓展延伸： (4’)
讨论：你认为机器人将来可以帮助你和你的家人做什么未来是否
愿意和大量机器人共存
这个练习是课文的延伸，是学生对所学知识的再创造，充
分发挥学生的主观性和创造 性，提高学生的自身素质，也激发了
学生对未来生活的热爱。
（六）作业(1’)
1． Read the passage.读课文要求：要求B层的学生要求能流
利朗读；其 余的学生会读并能熟练读出部分段落（可以自选段落
但要求能占课文的三分之一）。
2. Write a letter to a robot scientist. Tell him what other
things you think robots can do. Or tell him why you think
robots are dangerous and help them to improve robots. (A
层要求)
根据学生 掌握知识层次的不同，我采用了分层作业，让学生都能
尽其所能，完成一定的任务，满足学生的成就感和 自豪感，增强
学生学习的信心和兴趣。

新目标英语(Go For It)八年级下册第三单元
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What were you doing when the UFO arrived 说课稿
一、教材分析:
1. 位置和内容:这是新目标英语(Go For It)八年级下册第< br>三单元第一课时。谈论如何使用过去进行时。如何使用过去进行
时是本单元的重点内容。为了让学 生更好的认识过去进行时，我
重新安排了教学内容:SectionA(1a、1b、
1c), SectionB (4b). 把这些内容组合在一起。 同时我也
创造了一些便于进行沟通交流的情境，让学生学会使用过去进行
时。
2．教学重点: 如何使用过去进行时。
3．教学难点: 如何在由when引导的时间状语使用过去进行时。
二、教学目标：
1. 知识目标：要求学生掌握使用过去进行时。
2. 能力目标：让学生做课堂的主人，同时培养他们掌握一些行
之有效的学习方法,优化学习效果。
3. 情感目标：让学生爱上英语课堂活动,鼓励他们在课堂上进
行合作交流。
4.学习策略目标：设法使学生掌握使用英语进行交流，学习积极
参与班级活动.
三、教学分析：
1. 说教法：
1)任务型教学法：给学生三项任务， 让学生使用过去进行时来
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完成这些任务。使他们在任务中学习英语。
2)情景教学法：创造足够的交际环境刺激学生的 视听能力,使他
们能够更好的理解这一时态。以培养他们的听和会话能力。
3)交易际教学法：学生可以通过俩俩对话或小组对话来掌握过去
进行时。
2. 说学法：
1)学生要善于把握机会,用英语进行沟通，大胆实践。
2)积极参加课堂活动，培养合作关系。
四.学生分析:
学生七年级下册就学过现在进行时, 并掌握如何使用现
在进行时来描述日常活动, 而且掌握了一些日常活动的短
语, 有利于他们学习过去进行时.
五. 教学过程的分析：
步骤1---组织
1）师生互相打招呼；
2）值日生报告；
步骤2 ---复习（目的是复习现在进行时）
1）显示三幅画面在屏幕(一学生在弹吉它,一学生在打蓝球, 一些
人在聚会,一人在玩电脑). 问： 他们在做什么？
2. 引导学生到实际情况中；问一男学生：请问你在做什么 学
生可能回答：我在听你说话。告诉全班同学： 他在听我说话。和
另一个女生重复操练这一个句型，然后尝试用现在进行时和全班
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一起操练不同的人称。
3.学生使用现在进行时进行小组对话。
步骤3---引入： 给学生介绍过去进行时。
1. 让学生A离开课室, 并在门口等候, 然后让学生B在黑板
上写字,学生C在课室内走动。接着叫A走进课室。
2. 问学生B：:你在干什么 学生B回答:我在黑板上写
字. (把B的回答写在黑板上。重复这一个对话 对C进行提问，
并把C的回答也写在黑板上。接着问B：刚才当A走进课室的时
候你在做什么此 时老师要帮助学生一起回答并把答句写在黑板
上。并告诉全班同学当A走进课室的时候B正在黑板上写字 。并
让全班同学重复这句话。重复这个对话询问C当A走进课室的时
候他在做什么询问其它学生 当A走进课室的时候他们又在做什
么并帮助学生一起回答。
3. 告诉学生黑板上的句型就是我们今天学习的重点---过去进
行时
介绍过去进行时。
B：I am writing on the blackboard.
I was writing on the blackboard. C： I am walk
ing in the room.
I was walking in the room.
4 比较: 过去进行时与现在进行时。(作比较可以让学生有深
刻的印象)
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时态 现在进行时 过去进行时
用法 表示现在正在进行的动作 表示过去某个时刻正在进行
的动作
结构 isamare + doing waswere + doing
例
句 I am having an English class I was having
an English class.
步骤4---教授新课: SectionA(1a、1b、)
1． 屏幕上展示照片 (图18页)。给学生介绍图片相关的情况。
2． 让学生通过听力了解图片中发生的相关事情。 (这一步骤
是为了使学生了解课文，并且帮助学生能轻易完成下面的任务
1)
步骤5 ---三个任务：
任务1:谈论当飞碟到达的时候人们在做什么. 为了让工作更容
易做,教师点着图中的剪头发的人问: 当飞碟到达的时候他在
做什么。重复这一指令。
2. 学生小组操练上述的对话。并让一些学生来展示他们的对话
过程。
3．学生尝试把他们所讲的句子在练习本上写出来。
任务2:记忆比赛（让学生更加集中注意力在课堂上）
比赛是这样的:1. 展示十余张动画在屏幕上.动画按一定的时
间先后出现。
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2. 把全班同学分成三个小组. 如果学生知道答案,迅速起来
回答，如果答案正确,那么他的团队能够取得10分.
任务3:用过去进行时描述图中的故事4b；
1. 显示照片在屏幕。画面是描述一个小偷偷 走了一个女孩子的
单车故事。提示学生在每一个画面都有时钟显示时间. 学生要
利用时间进行描述.
2. 四个学生为一小组合作讨论这个故事的发展情节,每人负责
一个场景.
3. 让一两个小组来描述这个故事.
步骤6-- 总结：在学生经过三个任务操练后,帮助他们总结过去
进行时。
步骤7--- 作业:进行课后调查；
询问你的两个搭档昨天这个时候他们在做些什么. 下一节上课
的时候做一个调查报告。
Blackboard Work
Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO ar
rived？
I am writing on the blackboard.
I was writing on the blackboard. I am walking
in the room.
I was walking in the room.
用法 表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作
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结构 waswere + doing
常见的
标志
词 1) at 9 o’clock yesterday, from 8 to 9 ye
sterday morning
at thisthat time yesterday
2) 主句（过去进行时）＋ when + 从句（一般 过去时）
例
句 1)I was cutting hair at 9 o’clock yesterday
.
2)I was sleeping late when the UFO arrived.

英语专项练习
一、 用动词的正确形式填空
1. I ________ (do) my homework every evening.
2. We _______ (fly) kites in the park on Sundays.
3. My mother ________ (clean) our room on Sundays.
4. Tom _______(play) the piano every Saturday. Now
he______ (play).
5. She _______(like) swimming. She ______ (swim) this
weekend.
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6. Usually my mother _______ (wash) the dishes after lunch.
But my grandma_______ (wash) today.
7. Look at the man! He ______ (read) a magazine.
8. Look! The plane ________ (fly) over the building.
9. Listen! My aunt ________ (sing) in the is a singer.
She _____ (like) singing. She _______(have) a music
show. She is excited.
10. Tom and Mike always ______ (swim) in the river. They
_____ (swim) in the swimming pool this Sunday. Look!
They ______ (swim).
11. What ______ you usually ______ (do) in the evening
I _______ (play) computer games.
12. What _______ you _______ (do) now
I _______ (make) a paper plane.
13. What _______ he _______ (do)
He ______ (dance).
14. What _______ she ______ (do) yesterday
She ______ (visit) her grandparents.
15. ______ your mother ______ (read) newspaper in the
morning
Yes, She ________ .
16. _______ you _______ (like) fishing
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No, I ______ . I like ______ (swim),but my brother ______
(like).
17. How ______ your father _______ (go) to work every day
He ______ (go) by bike. But it’s cold today. He ______
(take) the bus,, and he _______ (go) to work by taxi
yesterday.
18. _______ the monkey _______ (like) climbing trees Yes,
it _______ .
19. What _______ your father ______ (do) after lunch He
_______ (read) a comic book. What _____ he _______(do)
today He _______ (clean) the kitchen for my grandma. Look!
He (clean).
20. ________ you ______ (collect) stamps Yes. I _______ .
________ your brother ______ (collect), too No, he
________ .







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二、选择题
1. _____ he _____ to the park at 6:30 in the morning No,
he _____ .
A. Does; goes; does B. Does; go; doesn’t C. Does;
go; does
2. What colour _____ you _____ this bookcase I _____ it
pink.
A. are; going to paint; am going to paint
B. do; paint; paint C. did; paint;
painted
3. Tim always _____ a picture at home. He _____ a car now.
A. draws; is drawing B. draw; draw C. draws; draw
4. She usually _____ her friends. They often _____ tea.
A. visit; drink B. visits; drinks C. visits; drink
5. He usually _____ the dishes at night, but tonight he
_____ clothes.
A. wash; wash B. washes; is going to wash C. is
washing; washes
6. Mr. Green usually _____ his newspaper in the evening,
but he and his wife _____ television yesterday evening.
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; watches is going to watch watched
7. Where are the man and the woman They _____ near the tree.
A. sit B. sat C. are sitting
8. _____ your pen pal _____ diving No, he _____ .He ______
writing stories.
A. Does; like; doesn’t; likes B. Does;
likes; doesn’t; like C. Do; like; don’t; likes
9. _____ you _____ fishing yesterday No, we _____ .
A. Does; go; doesn’t B. Did; go; didn’t C. Do;
go; don’t
10. Open the window, Please. Look! He _____ it.
A. opens B. is openning C. is opening
11. I usually _____ some milk every day. But I _____ coffee
yesterday.
A. drink; drank B. is drinking; drink C. drank; am
drinking
12. Mr. Green often _____ his newspapers at night. But he
_____ an interesting book tonight.
A. reads; reads B. reads; read C. reads; is
going to read
13. The old man _____ playing sports in the park. He _____
morning exercise now.
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A. likes; is doing B. likes; does C. like;
doing
14. What _____ you usually _____ in the evening I ______
computer games.
What _____ you _____ last night I _____ a book.
A. do; do; play B. did; do; played C. does; do;
plays
did; do; read do; do; read do; do; am
reading
15. Where ______ the boy _____ He _____ across the river
now.
A. does; swim; swims B. is; swimming; is swimming
D. is; swimming; is swimming
16. _____ you _____ to music now Yes, we _____ .
A. Do; listen; do B. Did; listen; did C. Are;
listening; are
17. Put on you coat, please. OK. I ______ it on.
A. am putting B. am going to put C. put
18. _____ you ______ coffee Yes, I ______ .
A. Do; like; do B. Did; like; did C. Are; like;
am
19. Look! Two cats ______ across the wall.
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A. run B. runs C. are running
20. She _____ tea, but he _____ .
A. likes; doesn’t B; like; don’t C. like;
doesn’t

英 语 动 词 时 态
（豫英实验学校预初英语备课组整理200710）
一、英语中不同时间和方式发生的动作或 状态要用谓语动词
的不同形式来表示,这种动词形式称作动词时态。动作或状态发
生的时间可以 有现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种，而发生的方
式也有一般、进行、完成和完成进行四种（即初中英语 的八种时
态）。
动be
词
时
态

一
般
HeShe is
现
WeYouThey are
在
时
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have do
I am IYouWeThey
have
IYouWeThey
work
He SheAlice has HeSheAlice
works

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have do
I am working
He She Alice is working
YouWeThey are working
现
I am having
在
HeShe is having
进
YouWeThey are having
行
时


be
IYouWeThey
have do
IYouWeThey have IYouWeThey
had have worked
He SheAlice
has worked
现
have been
在
He SheAlice He SheAlice
完
has been
成
时

be have
IYouWeThey
has had
do
IYouWeThey
一
IHeSheAlice
般
was
过
WeYouThey were
去
时

have
He SheAlice had He SheAlice
worked
do
IHeSheAlice was
过
IHeSheAlice was having
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去
进
WeYouThey were having
行
时

be have
working
WeYouThey were working
do
过
IYouWeTheyHeIYouWeTheyHeIYouWeThey
去
SheAlice
完
had been
成
时

be have do
SheAlice
had had
He SheAlice
Had worked
一
IYouWeThey HeIYouWeTheyHeIYouWeTheyHe
般
SheAlice will SheAlice will SheAlice will
将
be
来
(IWe shall be)
时

have work
(IWe shall have) (IWe shall
worked)
IYouWeTheyHeIYouWeTheyHeIYouWeTheyHe
SheAlice
would work
过 SheAlice would SheAlice
去be
将
来
时
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二、八种时态具体分析：
1、 一般现在时态：
a. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作
b. 现在的特征或状态
c. 普遍真理
d. 有些表示状态和感觉的动词。
如：be, love, like, hate, want, hope, need, prefer, wish,
know, understand, remember, believe, guess, belong,
seem, look, have, sound, sound, taste，smell, touch,
feel等常可用于一般现在时态。
e. 表示未来的时间状语从句或条件状语从句用一般现在时
态。
f. 一般现在时态还用在布告、 天气预报、报纸、电台。（says）
掌握一般现在时态，还请记住下列单词或词语：always,
usually, often, sometimes, every day (morning, week),
every other day每隔一天every three days, once (twice)
a week (month, year), in the morning
g. 表示按计划或时刻要发生的事情
2、 一般将来时态：
a. 表示将要发生的动作或情况。
b. 表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的 事情。
掌握一般将来时态的用法，请记住下列单词和短语。
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In three days (an hour, half a year), next week (Monday,
month), tomorrow, this afternoon (evening, coming
Saturday-)，soon, some day, tonight, 等等。
3、 一般过去时：
a. 一般过去时主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况（惯性的
动作）
b. 在谈到已死人的情况时多用过去时态。
c. 有些情况，发生的时间不很清楚，但实际上是过去发生过
的，应当用过去时态。
（1） 接到你的信很高兴。I was glad to get your letter.
（2） 最后的比分怎么样What was the final score
（3） 你觉得他们的表演怎么样How did you like their
performance
（4） 我没想到你这样忙。I didn’t know you were so busy
（5） 我以为你出去了。I thought you were out.
（6） 我没想到在这里碰到你。I didn’t expect to meet you
here.
（7） 你说什么What did you say
掌握一般过去时态的用法，请记住下列单词或短语：
last + 时间点；时间段 + ago； yesterday, just
now,
the other day (前几天)
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4、 过去将来时：
表示从过去某时看将要发生的事情。
5、 现在进行时：
a. 表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作。
b. 在不少情况下，表示正在进行的动作的汉语句子，并 没有
“正在”这样的字，在翻译英语时必须用进行时态。例：
(1) 工作进行的怎么样How are you getting on with your
work
(2)
(3)
风挺大（下雨了）It’s blowing hard. (raining)
你等谁Who(m) are you waiting for
c. 在一般现在时态中所列的表示状态和感觉的动词，一般不
能用于进行时态，因为它们不能表示正在进行的 动作，但
是如果词义转变，表示一个正在进行的动作，就能够用于
进行时态。
试比较：

表示状态或感觉 表示正在进行的动作
Do you see anyone over here Are you seeing someone off
I hear someone singing.
What do you think of it
He looks well today.
Are you feeling well today
What are you thinking about
He is looking after his
little sister.
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d. 去向性动词的现在进行时可以表示将要发生的动作。但这
仅限少量动词，如：go, come, leave, start, arrive,
return等
e. 在there和here引起的句子中，常可用一般现在时态代替
现在进行时态：
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.汽车来了。
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.铃声响了。
f. 在某些情况下, 两种时态都可以。
（1） Dose your leg hurt (Is your leg hurting) 腿疼
吗
（2） My back aches. (My back is aching) 我背疼。
6、 过去进行时：
a. 表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作：
b. 过去进行时和一般过去时的差别是前者表示正在进行的动
作，而后者表示一个完成的动作。例：
（1）I was reading a novel last night. 昨晚我在看小
说（可能没有看完）
（2）I read a novel last night. 昨晚我看了一本小说。
（可能看完了）
7、 现在完成时：表示现刻以前发生的动作或情况，可以是：
a. 到现在为止的这一时期中发生的情况（可能是多次动作的
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总和，也可以表示状态和习惯性动作）
b. 对现状有影响的某一发生的动作。
c. 但有一个表示过去某时的状语（包括when）时，不能用现
在完成时，而多用一般过去时。
d. 当有一个表示到现在为止这段时间的状语时，多用现在完
成时。
e. 在有already, yet, just, ever, never, since--, for +
一段时间，by now,
in the past (last) few years, so far, 强调“多少”，
“多久”等词的情况下用现在完成时
f. 在单纯谈一个过去的动作，不涉及其他对象的影响时，通
常用一般现在时；如果谈论一件已经发生的事情 ，不考虑
它是何时发生的，而主要考虑对现在的影响，则多用现在
完成时。例：
Did you get up very early你起来的早吗
Has he got up 他起来了吗
注意：have been to 去过某个地方，已返回
have gone to 去某个地方了
have been in 去了某地多久（在某地多久）
8、 过去完成时：
a. 表示过去某时前已经发生的动作或情况（也可以说是“过
去的过去”）
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b. 在很多情况下没有明显的时间状语，时间由上 下文表示出
来，这是过去完成时表示的动作较另一动作先发生。
c. 应当记住，过去完成时 是一个相对的时态，表示的是过去
的过去。只有在和过去某时或动作相比较时才用到它。
在包含when, as soon as, before, until, now, that等 连词
的复合句中，如果主要谓语和从句谓语表示的过去动作是在不同
时间发生的，那么先发生的 动作通常用过去完成时。但如果两个
动作紧接着发生，则通常不用过去完成时。特别是在包含befor e
和after的复合句中。

三、时态综合练习：
1. ________ the actor ________ (speak) German well
2. The old lady ____________ (go) home from the supermarket
when I saw her the other day.
3. He ____________ (lend) you this calculator as soon as
he _________(finish) his maths exercises.
4. The train ____________ (come), can you _________(see)
it
5. He _________ (tell) me that he__________ (go) to see his
twins in Beijing the next Saturday.
6. Sorry. I __________ (keep) you ________ (wait) so long.
7. Don't let the little girl_________ (go) alone. It's too
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late.
8. He_____________ (walk) with a camera in the street when
I________ (see) him yesterday.
9. She _______________ (not write) a report at 2:00
yesterday afternoon. She ___________(write) a letter to
her parents.
10. My aunt ______________(travel) a lot last year.
11. When the people in Athens ___________ (learn) the good
news,
they_______ (be) proud of themselves.
12. Dick _______(jump) into a large hole as soon as he
_______(see) the bear.
ship _________just_________ (return) from the South Pole.
The scientists _______________ (collect) much
information.
14. I ___________ (receive) his letter since last year.
15. How many times _________ he _______ (read) the book.
16. He ____________ (live) in the north for three years.
Now he_________(be) used to cold weather.
17. Mother ________ already __________(buy) a bottle of
Shampoo, but she ____________ (not got) any drinks yet.
18. They__________ (go) camping if they _________ (be) free
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tomorrow.
19. Close your books. I ____________ (ask) you some
questions.
20. We ____________ (leave) secondary school in a month.
21. I________ (not see) you for a long time. Where ______
you ________(be)
22. We _____________(make) friends since we began to study
at middle school.
23. Look! The students of Class Three _____________ (have)
a test in computer science.
24. The summer holiday_________ (come) soon. The
students_________(think) of traveling.
25. Where ___________ (be) your monitor He ___________
(read) in the classroom.
26. Listen! Who____________ (sing)
27. Where ___________ (be) Liping He____________ (go)
home.
28. We _________ (plant) trees in spring every year.
29. Mary ____________already _______ _ (finish) her work.
Now she is playing the violin.
30. My sister teaches in a mountain village. She ________
(work) very hard.
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31. Many people in the world ________ (speak) English
fluently.
32. Everyone________ (enjoy) the Spring Festival
especially the children.
33. I ________ (see) Mr and Mrs Green off at the airport
tomorrow.
students ________ (borrow)books from the library once a
week.
35. He ________ (write) a report for the newspaper last
night.
36. We ________ (build) a new big theatre next month.
37. It was eight in the evening. Xiaoling ________ (do)
his homework.
38. Light __________ (travel) more quickly than sound
does.
39. If he ____________ (forget) to bring his key, he won't
be able to get into the room.
40. I _________ (throw) the broken glass away already.
41. It's quarter to eight. The students _________ (hurry)
to school.
42. We _______ __(visit) Shanghai Car Show this coming
Sunday. _____you ______ (join) us
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( 1 )


1. The doctor__________ out my bed tooth just now.
2. Rose __________here now. Perhaps she ___________ to the
school library.
3. When they __________the station yesterday, the train
________ already __________.
4. We often ____________ a recorder in our English class.

( 2 )


1. They promised (答应) they________ more careful the next
time.
2. Computers _________the life of everyone in the coming
future.
3. The meeting_________ until the headmaster ________.
4. He ___________ me he would come back soon.
5. Listen! The bell____________.

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( 3 )



1. Keep silent! The students _____________ an English
lesson.
2. This time last year Tom and Jack ___________ in Europe.
3. It's a sunny day again! It ___________ for quite a long
time.
4. There __________ no one in the reading room a few minutes
ago.
5. The foreign friends watched the children ___________
pictures with great
interest.

(4)


1. Mary ___________ doing her homework already.
2. Mr White __________ Pudong New Area soon.
3. The workers____________ the factory at that time.
4. The machines ___________ on show for a month.
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5. Sound ___________340metres a second in the air.
6. He often _________ up early when he was a boy.

(5)



1. Mike ___________ me with my physics tonight. But I don't
know why he hasn't come yet.
2. It _________ hard when he __________ me up.
3. Mike and John's room ____________ over there.
4. ----What ________ you ________ a moment ago
----I___________ a picture a moment ago.
5. Liping and Zhonghua usually __________water for Grandma
Wang in the
afternoon.
6. The youngest girl _________ here. I don't know where she
_________.

(6)


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1. Mother _____________ back in a few minutes.
2. What ________you _________ this time yesterday
3. We______________ ourselves last Sunday.
4. My father ___________ in this factory since 1976.
5. Listen! Who ______________ in the next room
6. I will tell her as soon as her___________ back.
7. Don't make any noise, please. My father ___________ now.
8. He ___________ quit a few friends since he came here.


(7)



1. How long does it ________the earth to make a trip around
the sun
2. We __________ some foreigners around the Science Museum
tomorrow.
3. Liping isn't here. He ___________ TV in the next room.
4. The football game began when we ___________ supper.
5. They __________ each other before.
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6. There__________ a short break after this class.

(8)

talk meet visit happen teach steal see


1. Mr Smith______________ at school since 1990.
2. Mr White ___________ to some parents when I
_________him.
3. A group of foreigners __________ their school next year.
4. I was surprised _________her on the train.
5. --What __________last night
--Some thieves ___________ into the house and the TV set
________.



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