(完整版)小学英语动词及专项训练
南宁公务员考试-工作总结范文
小学英语动词及专项训练
1.动词的定义：表示动作或状态的词叫做动词。表示动词的词如ask ,walk等
2.动词的分类：
（1）实义动词又叫行为动词，能独立做谓语：如open，hold ,
learn
（2）系动词又称连系动词，不能独立做谓语，后边必须接表语组成系表结构，说明主语的
状态、
性质、特征等：be动词
（3）助动词，主要协助动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫做助动
词。它本身没有词义，和实义动词
一起构成各种时态和语态，也可构成否定或疑问结构：do、will
、should、would
（4）情态动词，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可
能、应该或必要等。由
于词义不完全，不能单独作谓语，要后接动词完成谓语部分：must、can、
could、may、will
3.动词的基本形式
（1）动词原形：动词未经任何变化的原来形式。如：have、cut、see
（2）第三
人称单数现在时：动词一般现在时的第三人称单数形式的构成和名词复数构成法相
似。
A.直接加“s” ：read--reads leave---leaves
B.以e结尾的动词，直接加“s ”: come--comes close---closes
C.以s. x. sh. ch.o结尾的单词,加“es ” : watch---
watches fix---fixes wash---washes
go--goes
D.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词，变“y”为“i”, 再加“es” : cry
---cries
E.以“元音字母+y”结尾的单词，直接加“s” :play---
plays
（3）过去式的变化规则：
A.直接加“ed” ：look--
looked watch---watched
B.以e结尾的动词，直接加“d” : live--lived love--loved
C.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词，变“y”为“i”, 再加“ed ”: cry---cried
D.以“元音字母+y”结尾的单词，直接加“s ”:play---played
E.动词不规则变化表
Infinitive Past
tense Infinitive Past
tense
1. am, is was
2.
keep kept
3. are
were 4.
let
let
5. become became
6.
make made
7. begin
began 8.
meet
met
9. bite bit
10.
put put
11. blow
blew 12.
read
read
13. buy
ride
15.
catch caught
run
17.
come came
say
19. cost
see
21. cut
sing
sit
sleep
27. draw drew
speak spoke
29. drink
drank
sweep swept
31. eat
ate
take
bought
rode
ran
said
saw
cut
sang
dug
sat
did
slept
took
14.
16.
18.
20.
22.
24.
26.
28.
30.
32.
cost
33.
fall
fell
taught
35. feed fed 36.
tell told
felt
thought
39. fly flew
40.
throw threw
forgot tand
understood
43. get got 44.
give gave
45. wake
woke 46.
go
went
47. wear wore
48.
grow grew
49. win
won 50.
havehas had
51. write wrote 52.
know knew
53 .break
broke
4.动词的时态
一、一般现在时:
表示经常性、规律性习惯性的动作或现在存在的状态。
结构：
1.
动作词一般用原形，但如果是第三人称单数时（如
Tony ，he ，she
），动作词用第三人称
单数形式，即加s 或 es
在主语前加do,
does帮助疑问句，后面的动词用原形；
在动作词前加don’t, doesn’t
帮助否定句，后面的动词用原形。
2. 句子中没动作词时，用be动词：is ,
am , are ；
is , am , are 放在主语前帮助疑问句；
is
, am , are 后面加上not帮助否定句。
3. 情态动词can, may,
should，must
引起的句子是一般现在时，后面接动词用原形；
can,
may, should，must 放在主语前帮助疑问句，后面接动词用原形；
can,
may, should, must后面加上not帮助否定句，后面接动词用原形。
4.
肯定祈使：动词原形 + 其它
否定祈使句：Don’t +动词原形 + 其它
5．感叹句：
What a mess! What a beautiful
desert! What beautiful flowers! ——What+(形)名
How beautiful! How beautiful the flower is!
How beautiful the flowers are! ——
How+形
A. 肯定句：
(非第三人称单数)
主语+V+其它 We come from
China.
(第三人称单数)
主语+Vs+其它 He comes from
China.
主语+be (is, am, are)+其它 We are from
China.
主语+情态动词(can, may, should,
must)+V+其它
She must go.
B.
否定句：
(非第三人称单数)
主语+don’t +V+其它 We don’t come
from China.
(第三人称单数)
主语+doesn’t +V+其它
He doesn’t come from
China.
主语+be (is, am, are) not+其它 I aren’t
from China.
主语+情态动词(can, may, should,
must)+not +V+其它
C．一般疑问句：Do
+
(非第三人称单数)
主语+V+其它 Do you come from China?
Does +
(第三人称单数)
主语+Vs+其它 Does he come
from China?
be (Is, Am, Are)+主语+其它
Are you from China?
情态动词
(Can, May, Should,
Must)
+
主语+ V+其它
She can’t go.
D．
特殊疑问句：
特殊疑问词+do +(非第三人称单数)主语+V+其它
Where do you come from?
特殊疑问词+does +(第三人称单数)主语+Vs+其它 Where does he come
from?
特殊疑问词+be (is, am,
are)+主语+其它
Where are you from?
特殊疑问词+情态动词(Can, May, Should, Must)+主语+ V+其它
Can she go?
二、现在进行时: 表示现在正在进行的动作。
结构：
1. be动词( is , am , are) + 动词ing
(现在分词)；
is , am , are 放在主语前帮助疑问句，后面的动词加ing；
is , am , are 后面加上not帮助否定句，后面的动词加ing。
A.
肯定句:主语+be（is, am, are）+Ving
+其它
They are coming here.
B. 否定句：主语+be（is, am,
are）+not +Ving
+其它
They aren’t coming here.
C. 一般疑问句：be（Is, Am, Are）+主语+ Ving
+其它
Are they coming here?
D.
特殊疑问句：
特殊疑问词
+ be（is, am, are）+主语+
Ving
+其它 What are they doing?
三、一般过去时：表示过去某个时间里发生了的动作或状态。 结构：
1.
动作词用过去式(ed ) ；
在主语前加did帮助疑问句，后面的动词用原形；
在动作词前加didn’t帮助否定句，后面的动词用原形。
2.
句子中没动作词时，用be动词的过去式：was , were；
was ,
were 放在主语前帮助疑问句；
was , were后面加上not帮助否定句。
A. 肯定句：主语+Ved+其它 We came from China
主语+be (was, were)+其它 We were from
China.
B. 否定句：主语+didn’t +V +其它 We
didn’t come from China.
主语+be (was,
were) +not+其它 We weren’t from China.
C．
一般疑问句：
Did +主语+V +其它 Did
you come from China?
be (Was,
Were)+主语+其它 Were you from China?
D．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+
did +主语+V +其它 Where did you
from?
特殊疑问词+
be (was,
were)
+主语+其它
Where were from?
四、一般将来时：表示将来某个时间的动作或状态。 结构：
1. be
going to + 动词原形
is , am , are
放在主语前帮助疑问句；
is , am , are 后面加上not帮助否定句。
2.
will+ 动词原形
will放在主语前帮助疑问句，后面接动词用原形；
will后面加上not帮助否定句，后面接动词用原形。
A. 肯定句：主语+will
+V +其它 He will dig a hole.
主语+ be going
to +V +其它 He is going to dig a hole.
B.
否定句：主语+will not +V +其它 He won’t dig a hole.
主语+ be not going go +V +其它
He isn’t
going to dig a hole.
C．一般疑问句：Will+主语+V+其它
Will he dig a hole?
Be(Is, Am, Are) +主语going to +V+其它 Is he going
to did a hole?
D．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+will+主语+V+其它
What will he do?
特殊疑问词+be(is, am, are) +主语going to +V+其它
What is he going to do?
五、过去进行时：表示过去某时正在进行的动作。结构：
1. be动词(
was, were) + 动词ing；
was, were
放在主语前帮助疑问句，后面的动词加ing；
was,
were后面加上not帮助否定句，后面的动词加ing。
A. 肯定句:主语+be（was,
were）+Ving He was digging a hole.
B.
否定句：
主语+be（was, were）+not +Ving
He wasn’t
digging a hole.
C. 一般疑问句：be（Was, Were）+主语+
Ving Was he digging a hole?
D.
特殊疑问句：
特殊疑问词
+ be
（was, were）
+主语+
Ving What was he doing
（二）时态意义与结构一览表：
时
时态意
态
义与
一
般
1.表示现
在的状
态。
2.
表示
经常性习
动
词
be
动
词
情
态
主语
三单
I
you,复
所有
主语
动词形式
否定句
is not
am not
are not
can not +V
may not +V
(特殊)疑问句
(疑问词)
is +
主语
(疑问词)
am+
主语
(疑问词)
are+
主语
(疑问词)
can
+
主语
+V
(疑问词)
may+
主语
+V
肯定句
is
am
are
can +V
may
+V
常用时间
always,
often,
now
usually,
sometimes,
ever, never,
in the morning’
in the afternoon,
现
在
时
惯性的动
作、兴趣
爱好或能
力。
动
词
行
为
动
词
be
行
为
must
+V
should
+V
must not +V
should not
+V
doesn’t +V
don’t +V
Don’t be
Don’t +V
(疑问词)
must+
主语
+V
in the evening,
at night,
(疑问词)
should+
主语+
V
on Sunday,
every
(疑问词)
does
+
主语
+V
三单 Vs
once a week,
twice
a month,
3 times a year
非三单 V
无
无
Be
V
(疑问词)
do +
主语
+V
3.祈使句
4.感叹句
Be quick. Don’t be
worried.
Listen to me. Don’t push.
What a
mess! What a beautiful desert! What beautiful
flowers!
How beautiful! How beautiful the
flower is! How beautiful the flowers are!
be
动
词
行
为
行
为
动
词
单
—you
复
+you
所有主语
一
般
过
去
时
was
were
Ved
is +Ving
was not
were not
didn’t
+V
is not +Ving
(疑问词)
was +
主语
(疑问词)
were+
主语
(疑问词)
did
+
主语
+V
(疑问词)
is
+
主语
+Ving
表示过去
了的动作
或状态。
yesterday,
this morning,
before that,
last…
现
在
表示现在
进
正在进行
行
的动作。
时
三单
I
you,复
单
—you
复
+you
所有
主语
三单
I
you,复
am +Ving am not +Ving
(疑问词)
am+
主语+Ving
are
+Ving
are not +Ving
(疑问词)
are+
主语+Ving
(疑问词)
was+
主语+Ving
now,
Listen!
Look!
Where’s
yesterday
this morning
at that time
at nine …
过
去
进
行
时
表示过去
某时正在
进行的动
作。
行
为
be
was
+Ving
was
not +
V
ing
were
+Ving
were
not
+
V
ing
won’t+ be
won’t +V
is not going to+V
am not going to+V
(疑问词)
were+
主语+Ving
will+ be
Will+ V
is going to+V
am
going
to+V
(疑问词)
will
+主语
+ be
(疑问词)
Will
+主语
+
一
般
将
来
时
表示
将要
发生
的动
行
作或
为
2
状态。
动
词
1
行
为
tomorrow,
this
evening,
later,
in a minute,
after
that,
next…
V
(疑问词)is
+
主语going
to+V
(疑问词)am
+
主语
going to+V
(疑问词)
are
+
主语
going to+V
are
going to+V
are not going to+V
习题：
1．I______(be not) a middle school
student.
2．She ______(be) in Class Six ,Grade
One . We________(be) all Young pioneers.
3．Sam and I________(be) in different classes .
5．There _______(be) a map on the wall.
There _______(be) some boats in the river.
7．There__________(be) a pencil-box and some
books in the bag .
8．There__________(be) two
bikes and a car near the house.
9．I can
___________(see) some flowers on the table.
10. You must__________(find) those things.
11. ______ you ________(have) a new watch?
12. Let me _________(see),please. I
__________(not have) a watch .
13. I think he
___________(be)back in a week.
14. It's time
___________(play) games.
15. I want
___________(take) some books to the classroom .
16. Could you ___________(take) it to your
room ?
17. It's snowing now. We can go out
__________ (play) in the snow.
18.
___________(not jump) too high! Would you
like___________(drink) tea ?
19. She
__________(like) her new skirt .
20. The
men ____________(work) near the house now.