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英语助动词时态语态用法大全
动词时态和语态（1）
一、动词的分类和形式：
动词是表示动作和状态的词。动词有时态、语态和语气3种形式的变化。
1、动词按其能否独立作谓语而分为：“谓语动词”和“非谓语动词”两种
2、动词的4种基本形式：动词原形、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。
3、动词按其构 成动词词组作用分为：实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。1）
实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动 词。还可分为持续性动词和瞬间动词；2）连系动词有两
种：一种表特征或状态，另一种表状态变化过程 。
4、五种不同的短语动词：1）“动词+介词”；2）“动词+副词”；3）“动词 +副词+介词”；
4）“动词+名词（或代词）+介词”；5）“be+形容词（包括相当于形容词的过 去分词+介词”。

二、动词的时态：
1、一般现在时的用法：1）表示现在的 习惯，经常发生的动作或存在的状态。2）表示主语
的特征、性格和能力。3）表示客观事实或真理。4 ）表示按照计划安排好的将来行为。（只
限于是go,come, leave, start, stop, be等开始或移动意义的词。）
2、一般过去时的用法：1）表示过去的动作或状态。2 ）叙述过去连续发生的事情。3）表
示过去一段时间内经常发生的动作。
3、一般将来时的用法：1）表示将来的动作或状态。2）表示将来的经常动作。
4、现在进 行时的用法：1）表示说话时正在进行的动作。2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作。
（说话时动作不一定进 行。）
5、过去进行进的用法：1）过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。2）表示移动的< br>动词：come, start, stay, leave, go等词的过去进行时可以表示过去的将来要发生的动作。
3）was going to do可以表示在过去某一时间之后发生的动作。
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本文档为精品文档，如对你有帮助请下载支持，如有问题请及时沟通，谢谢支持！ 6、现在完成时的用法：1）表示刚刚完成的动作，常与just连用。2）表示过去发生而持
续到 现在的动作或状态，甚至延续到将来。常与since, for连用，但for, since不能与终止
性的动词连用。3）表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
7、现 在完成时与一般过去时的区别：1）现在完成时与现在有联系，它表示过去的动作对
现在所产生的结果、 影响。一般过去时通常表示在过去某一具体时间发生的动作，与现在
没什么联系。2）现在完成时表示过 去延续到现在的行为；一般过去时着重过去某一时刻的
某一具体动作。
8、过去完成的用法：1）表示在过去某一或动作之前已经完成的动作。常与by, before等< br>介词短语或一个状语从句或上下文暗示。2）表示由过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另
一时间 的动作，常和for（有时可省去）或since 构成的短语或since引导的从句连用。
9、过去将来时的用法：表示对于过去某一时刻而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
练习一：动词时态与语态（1）
1. When I saw Mary, she ______ on the piano.
A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. played
2. She ______ the door before she goes away.
A. had locked B. is locking C. has locked. D. was locking.
3. A hunter is a man who ______ animals.
A. catch B. catches C. will catch D. was catching
4. What _____ if I drink this?
A. happens B. is happening C. will happen D. is happened
5. I will visit you if Father ______ me.
A. let B. lets C. is letting D. will let
6. Look out! That tree _____ fall down.
A. is going to B. will be C. shall D. would
7. My uncle _____ to see me. He'll be here soon.
A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came
8. They can't leave until they _____ their work.
A. did B. are doing C. have done D. has done
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9.
A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. was seeing
10. Now Mike isn't here. He ______ Mr Green's. Perhaps he ______ back in a few
minutes.
A. went to; is coming B. has gone to; will come
C. has been to; will be D. is going to; has come
11. That day he ._______ his clothes before he came to see me.
A. has washed B. washed C. had been washing D. was washed
12. I haven't finished my composition. I ______ for two hours and a half.
A. have written it B. have been writing it
C. wrote it D. am writting it
13. I will take my daughter with me when I _____ ShangHai,
A. go to B. will go to C. have been to D. have gone to
14. This bright girl ______ the truth in front of the enemy.
A. didn't say B. couldn't speak to C. said D. didn't tell
15. The bridge which ______ last year looks really beautiful.
A. was built B. built C. was set up D. had been built
16.
A. has B. does C. did D. is going to
17. I will ______ here till you give me some money.
A. leave B. not leave C. come D. return
18. I _____ here since I moved here.
A. will work B. worked C. work D. have been working
19. Every time I _____ there, I will buy him something nice.
A. went B. will go C. go D. have gone
20. It was said that his father ______.
A. has died B. died. C. has been dead D. had died
21. We won't go unless you ______ soon.
A. had come B. came C. will come D. come
22._____six years since I began studying English.
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A. They have been B. it is C. It was D. There are
23. They ______ the Summer Palace three times.
A. have gone to B. have been to C. have been in D. have gone into
24.
______ last.
A. ishave met B. washad met C. ismet D. has beenhad met
25.
A. it was not being held B. they didn't hold
C. it had not held D. they were holding it
26. Don't get off the bus until it ______.
A. stop B. will stop C. stopped D. has stopped
27.
it's gone.
A. did you puthave put B. have you putput
C. had you putwas putting D. were you puttinghave put
28. They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was 10 years since I ______ a
good drink.
A. had enjoyed B. was enjoying C. enjoyed D. had been enjoying
29. Don't come tonight. I would rather you _____ tomorrow.
A. come B. came C. will come D. coming
30. ______ you ______?
A. Domarry B. Havemarried C. Havebeen married D. Aremarried
31. When he ______ all the newspapers, he'll go home.
A. sells B. has sold C. will have sold D. will be sold
32.
A. washeslasts B. is washedlasted C. washesis lasted D. is washinglasting
33.
A. are wanted B. are being wanted C. want D. are wanting
34. I ______ see you, but I didn't, for I had no time.
A. had wanted to B. has wanted to C. wanted D. was wanted
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35. I ______ in Guang Zhou for six years by this October.
A. have lived B. was living C. will be living D. shall have lived
36. By this time next year he ______ from the college.
A. will be graduating B. should be graduating
C. will have graduated D. is graduating
37. Our teacher told us that the earth _____ from west to east.
A. turns B. turn C. has turned D. had turned
38. My brother _____ while he _____ his bicycle and hurt himself.
A. fellwas riding B. fellwere riding
C. had fallenrode D. had fallenwas riding
39. Bill said he ____ twenty-one the next year.
A. was going to be B. was about to be C. could be D. was to be
40. It is time you _____ in bed now.
A. are B. were C. will be D. would be
41. After a while an agreement _____.
A. was arrived at B. was arrived in C. was arrived D. has been arrived
42. The air liner from Beijing _____ at 3:00 p.m.
A. is about to arrive B. has arrived C. arrives D. is going to arrive
43.______,that step is not safe!
A. Look around B. Look up C. Look out D. Look down
44. you _____ him to give up smoking?I _____, but he wouldn't
listen.
A. persuadedtried B. triedpersuaded C. triedtried D.
persuadedpersuaded
45. The research laboratory is going to ______ the new type of computer to use.
A. take B. make C. put D. send
46. I don't know when he ______, but when he ______, I'll let you know.
A. will comecomes B. comeswill come C. comescomes D. will
comewill come
47. How much do you think that vase _____?
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A. is cost B. used C. was paid for D. cost
48. I _____ that he would be able to leave tomorrow, but it's beginning to look diffcult.
A. hope B. had hoped C. hoped D. am hoping
49. “Come on, Peter, I want to show you something.”
“Oh, how nice of you, I _____ you _____ to bring me a gift.”
A. never thinkare going never thought were going
C. didn’t think are going D. hadn’t thought were going
50. It’s a nice flat, but it _____ a proper bathroom.
A. haven’t got B. hasn’t got C. wouldn’t get D. doesn’t have got
51. She had a shock when she heard the news, _____?
A. hadn’t she B. didn’t she C. wouldn’t she D. won’t she
52. This liquid _____ the salt at room temperature.
A. became mixed with B. was mixed by
C. mixes with D. has been mixing by

练习一、1~5 CCBCB 6~10 ABCAB 11~15 CBADA 16~20 BBDCD 21~25 DBBCA
26~30 DBABD 31~35 BAAAD 36~40 CAAAB 41~45 ACCAC 46~50 ADBBB
51~52 BC

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