2020届高考查漏补缺之英语题型专练(13)语法填空(三)
苍南中学网-优秀申论文章
1、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Taipei 101, formerly known 1._______ the Taipei
World Financial Center, is a high building
located in Taipei City of China's Taiwan. As
it is called, it has a height of 509. 2 meters and
101
floors. Upon 2._______(it) completion,
Taipei 101 was the worlds tallest building and it
held
3._______ title of the world’s tallest
building until 2010.
Taipei 101 has been
designed to prevent the typhoon winds and
earthquakes, 4._______ are
very common in Asia
and Pacific areas. 5._______ (keep) the tower
strong enough through
typhoons and
earthquakes，engineers installed(安装) a 728-short-
ton tuned mass damper (TMD)
inside the tower.
The TMD is 6._______(actual) a huge gold-colored
ball that is installed between
the 87th and
91st floors. It can reduce the tower’s movements
by up to 40%. Thanks to the TMD,
Taipei 101
can deal with winds up to 216 kmh and the most
7._______(power) earthquakes.
Today the
clamper has become one of the hottest tourist 8.
_______(attraction) in Taipei.
The New
Year's Eve fireworks display at Taipei 101 is
among the world's most famous
ones，
9._______(watch) by thousands of visitors
online. At midnight, colorful fireworks
10._______(set)
off from Taipei 101, welcoming
the arrival of the new year.
2、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
Long March-2F carrier rocket ①__________(carry)
the Shenzhou XI manned spacecraft
blasted off
in October 2016. In the past 19 years since 1999,
11 Shenzhou spacecrafts
②__________(send) into
space, and the missions have developed from
unmanned ones to the
manned ones, with each
one making new and significant progress. Now China
is the third country
after Russia and the
United States ③__________has independently
developed advanced space
technology and
conducted manned spaceflight.④__________(compare)
with Russia and the
United States, China was
underdeveloped at the beginning.⑤__________, the
country has never
given up on its
determination to catch up with the world’s leaders
in science and technology. That
explains why
China has achieved such a lot in the development
of its space technology in the past
two
decades and now ⑥__________(struggle) to make new
⑦__________(breakthrough). As the
world’s
second-largest economy, China wants to make its
contribution ⑧__________the
development of
human civilization. Conducting space
⑨__________(explore) not only has the
potential to expand human knowledge of the
universe but also extends the cooperation of major
powers in the ⑩__________(peace) use of space.
3、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。American
s
have contributed to many art forms, but
jazz, a type of music, is one that didn't start in
the United
States. Blacks, ① sang
and played the music of their homeland, created
jazz.
Jazz is a ② (combine)
of the music of Africa, the work songs the
slaves sang, and ③ (religion)
music. Improvisation(即席创作）is ④
important part of jazz. This means that the
musicians make the music up as they go along, or
create the music ⑤ the spot.
This is why a jazz song might sound a little
different each time it ⑥ (play) .
Jazz bands were formed in the late 1800s.
They played in bars and clubs in many towns
and cities of the South, especially New
Orleans. New Orleans is an international seaport,
and
people from all over the world came to New
Orleans ⑦ (appreciate) jazz.
Jazz ⑧ (become) more and more popular.
By the 1920s, jazz was popular all
over the
United States. By the 1940s, you could hear jazz
not only in clubs and bars, ⑨
in
concert halls. Today, people from all over the
world play jazz. Jazz musicians from the United
States, Asia, Africa, South America, and
Europe meet and share their music at ⑩
(festival) on every continent. In this way
jazz continues to grow and change.
4、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不得超过三个)。答案写在答题卡上。
If
you speak to a local about your stay in Chengdu,
they’ll probably ask if you've tried hotpot,
Everyone ① (live) here seems to
love it, and trying it should be a ②
(fix) part of everyone's culinary tour of
Sichuan.
Hotpot restaurants can ③
(find) on pretty much every street in Chengdu, but
the
quality and taste can vary hugely.
When you do go for hotpot, you will often be asked
to make a ④ (choose) of
broth in which
you cook your raw ingredients（食材）. If you're ⑤
(adventure) and
up for a challenge, the
traditional oily spicy broth might be just the
thing you're after. But ⑥
you
haven't yet fully adapted to the local palette,
you'd better choose a non-spicy broth, or ⑦
(go) for a less spicy option. Bear ⑧
mind that some broths like tomato, mushroom
or northern style will not be on
offer at every restaurant.
Half spicy and
half clear broth is ⑨ (ready) available
at most restaurants; these
pots either come
divided down the middle Like a giant yin and yang,
or with ⑩
separate smaller pot of
clear broth in the middle. If you can't bear too
much chilies and oil, but
want to have a try,
ask for yuanyangguo.
5、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On
May 18 , it was announced that China had achieved
success in drilling for fire ice, a
①
___________(froze) mix of water and natural
gas, from the South China Sea. ②___________
(official) known as methane hydrate(甲烷水合物),
fire ice produces a high amount of energy
when
③___________ (burn) and its chemical reaction
produces nothing but carbon dioxide and
water.
Fire ice, both clean and energy-intensive,
④___________ (consider) the fuel of the future.
Many countries, including the United States
and Japan,have long been conducting research on
fire
ice,but extracting(提取) it from the bottom
of the sea has been a common problem
⑤
___________ (trouble) all of them. However,
the Chinese team succeeded in drilling for fire
ice in
nearly 8 successive days, ⑥___________
is a big breakthrough.
However, it is too
early ⑦___________ (say) a new energy source has
been found. The
world’s total fire ice reserve
is about 21 ,000 trillion cubic meters, which, if
extracted, could meet
the world's energy need
⑧___________ 1,000 years. But the successful test
drilling of fire ice
does not mean it can be
extracted for ⑨___________ (industry) use. China
has to solve many
problems before it can use
fire ice as a source of energy.
It's
thought that only by 2025 at ⑩___________ earliest
might people be able to see realistic
commercial options.
6、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Paper-cutting is a(n) ①____________(tradition)
Chinese folk art with a long history.
Paper-cuts ②____________ (use) during festivals to
decorate gates and windows. The main
cutting
tools are simple: paper and scissors or a knife.
Clever craftsmen are very good at
③
____________ (cut) in the theme of daily
life. When you look at works created by paper
cutting
④____________ (careful) , you will be
amazed by the true-to-life ⑤____________ (express)
of
the figure’s appearance and thoughts.
Although other art forms, like
painting, can show similar scenes, paper-cutting
still stands out
for its beautiful lines and
patterns ⑥____________ are all hand-made. Learning
about cutting a
piece of paper ⑦____________
(be) easy but mastering(精通) ⑧____________ is very
difficult.
One must hold the knife
upright(竖直地) and press on the paper without much
strength. Any
carelessness will lead
⑨____________ damage to the whole image. Craftsmen
try ⑩
____________ (create) a circle like the
moon, a straight line like a stem(莲) of wheat, and
a
square like a brick. They have to be careful
and keep practising to make the scenes seem as
alive
as possible.
7、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Adversity(逆境) can beat you down, but probably it
also has the ability to
make you stronger. The
impact and ultimate result depend on ①___________
you do
with the difficulties that come in your
way.
Beethoven composed one of his
②___________ (great) works after going deaf.
Sir Walter Raleigh wrote The History of the
World during his thirteen-year
imprisonment.
Had Columbus turned back, no one could
③___________ (blame) him. Of
course, no one
would have remembered ④___________, either.
Abraham Lincoln made
great achievements by his
display of wisdom during the American Civil War.
Eventually, consider a more recent
example. For sixteen years, Dr. Mary
Groda-
Lewis had a difficult time ⑤___________ (study)
the written words on account
of a learning
disorder. She ⑥___________ (put) in prison on two
different occasions
and almost died of a
stroke when bearing a child. ⑦___________ (
commit) to going
to college, she did a variety
of odd jobs to save money. When graduating from
high
school at eighteen, she was considered as
an outstanding student and finally entered
college ⑧___________ (success). Determined to
become a doctor,she received many
⑨___________
(rejection) of the medical schools before Albany
Medical College
finally accepted her. In 1984,
Dr. Mary Groda-Lewis, ⑩___________ was thirty-five
years old then, graduated with honors and
realized her dream.
8、阅读下面短文,在空内处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Home of
the copper drum
Hechi’s copper
drum culture goes back as far as the Han Dynasty
(206 BC
一AD 220) , ①__________ the people
living in the area considered copper drums
sacred and Hechi is still one of China's
②__________ (large) copper drum sites.
A 2003
survey by cultural heritage departments
③__________ (find) more than 1,400
copper
drums in the area, with at least 1 ,300 copper
drums ④__________ ( use) by
local folk
artists. In this way, ethnic groups in Hechi have
produced a ⑤__________
( unique) rich and
diverse cultural form and customs for festivals,
weddings,
celebrations, funerals, and
religious ⑥__________ (activity) of local people,
with
ballads and for rice-painting and frogs.
That same year, a copper drum conservation
project along with the longshui Kiver basin
joined the Culture Ministry's Top 10
conservation project list for ethnic and folk
cultures.
In 2006, the Zhuang Peopled
Copper Drum Practices ⑦__________ (add) to the
national cultural heritage list by the State
Council. In 2008, the Culture Ministry
declared Donglan County and ⑧__________ city
of Hechi the of Chinese Copper
Drum Artand in
2009, its Drum Practicesbecame a candidate
⑨__________
the Human Cultural Heritage. There
are now more than 2,400 copper drums in the world,
at least 1,400 of them in Hechi, ⑩__________
(make) it a Copper Drum Cultural and
Ecological Resent with recognition across
Guangxi.
答案以及解析
1答案及解析：
答案： keep
ly
ul tions d set
解析：
1.考查介词。be known as以……而著称，为固定用法，故此处应 填as。
2.考查代词。空处修饰名词completion,故用形容词性物主代词。
3.考查冠词。title 后有 of the world's tallest
building 修饰，表示特指， 故用定冠词。
4.考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词为 the
typhoon
winds and earthquakes,故用 which。
5.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。
6.考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，应用副词。
7.考查词形转换。空处修饰名词earthquakes,应用形容词。
8.考查名词复数。此处为名词复数结构，故填attractions。
9.考查非谓语动词。fireworks
display与watch之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词作
状语。
10.考查动词的时态和语态。主语colorful fireworks与set off之
间是动宾关系，应用被动语
态；此处描述一般性的动作，故用一般现在时。
2答案及解析：
答案：carrying; have been sent; that;
Compared; However; is struggling;
breakthroughs; to; exploration; peaceful
解析：
本文简要介绍了中国航天事业的发展和中国的航天事业对世界做出的贡献。
1. carrying考查非谓语动词。句意:2016年10月一艘载着神舟十一号载人航天飞船的
长
征二号运载火箭发射升空。句子的谓语动词是blasted
off,设空处是非谓语动同作定语,被
修饰词与Can之间是主动关系,所以要用v.-ing形式。
2. have been sent考査动词时态和语态及主谓一致。自1999年以来的19年里,
共有11
艘神舟航天器被发射到了太空。设空处是第一个分句的谓语动词,与其主语之间是被动关系,<
br>根据时间状语可知时态为现在完成时,且主语是复数形式,所以答案为have been sent。
考査定语从句.设空处引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词
country,关系词在从句中充
当主语,且先行词前有序数词the
third修饰,所以用关系代词that.
ed考査非谓语动词。此处表示“与俄罗斯和美国相比”。根据固定搭配be compared
with(与......相比)可知此处应该用compared
with作状语:置于句首,首字母要大写。
r考査副词。句意:与俄罗斯和美国相比,中国
起初是很不发达的。但是中国从来没
有放弃自己在科技方面追赶世界领先者的决心.设空处前后是转折关
系,且设空处后有逗号
隔开,所以要用however。置于句首,首字母要大写。
str
uggling考査动词时态和主谓一致。此处表达:现在正在努力取得新的突破结合语
境和时间状语n
ow可知时态为现在进行时;设空处的主语是China,谓语应用第三人称单数形
式。所以答案为is
struggling.
7. breakthroughs考査名词单复数。breakthrou
gh是可数名词,意为“突破,重大进展根
据语境可知应用其复数形式。
8.
to考査介词。make a contribution to对 做出贡献。
ation考査名词
设空处是句子的主语,故要用所给词的名词形式;句子的谓语动词
是has,故填exploratio
n。
ul考査同性转换.形容词修饰后面的名词use。
3答案及解析：
答案：who；combination；religious；an；on；is
played；to appreciate；became；but；festivals
解析：1.【解题思备】考查定语从句。 1
sang and played the music of their
homeland是定语从句，修知先行同Blacks,指人，且从句中缺 少主语，故填who。
2.【解题思路】考查词形转换。空前面是不定冠词，所以 此处要用combine的名词形式。
3.【解题思路】考查词形转换。religious music.意为宗教音
乐，故空处应用形容词形式。
4.【解题思路】考查冠词。part意为部分，前面有形容词修饰
时，此处表示泛指，形容词
前面要用不定冠词，且important的发音以
元音音素开头，故填an。
5. 【解题思路】考查介词。on the
spot是固定短语，意为当场，当下。
6.【解题思路】考查时态和语态。play与it是被动关系，要
用被动语态，且由前面的
why可知，此处要用一般现在时，填 is played。
7.【解题思路】考查非谓语动词:此处用不定式作目的状语。
8.【解函思路】考查时态。根据下文中的判断， 此处要用一般过去时。
9.【解题思路】考查连词。此句用了 句式， 意为不仅……而且……。
10.【解题思路】考查名词复数。festival在此处表示节日， 要用复数形式。 at
festivals
在节日期间。
4答案及解析：
答案：1. living 2. fixed 3. be found 4.
choice 5. adventurous
6. ifwhen 7. g0
8. in 9. readily 10.a
解析：
1.【解题思路】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此句
已有谓语动词seems，
故此处应用非谓语动词。又因动词live与其
逻辑主语Everyone之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，
所以应用动词-ing形 式作定语。
2.【解题思路】考查非谓语动词3尝试它应该是每个人四川
美食之旅的固定部分。根据语
境可知，part与fix之间是逻辑上的动 宾关系，故应用动词-
ed形式作定语。
3.【解题思路】考查语态。分析句子结构可知，句子的主 语为Hotpot
restaurants,是谓语动
词find动作的承受者，所以用被动
语态;根据空前的情态动词can可知，此处用be found。
4.【解题思路】考查词形转换。
分析句子结构且根据空前的a可知，此处应用名词作动词
make的宾语，动词choose的名词形式
为 choice 。
5. 【解题思路】考查词形转换：分析句子结构可知，此
处应用形容词作表语，名同adventure
的形容词形式为adventurous。
6. 【解题思路】考查连词。但是如果你还没有完全适应当地的口
味，你最好选择不辣的汤
锅:> 根据语境可知，此处用if引导条件状 语从句。
7.【解题思路】考查固定用法。had
better后用动词原形;分析句子结构可知，
broth和 for a less spicy
option连接的并列结构，故填go。
8.【解题思路】考查介词。bear. .. in
mind为固定用法，意为记住...。
9.【解题思路】考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，此处用
副词作状语修饰形容词available,
ready的副词形式为readily。
10.【解题思路】考查冠词。此处应用不定冠词表泛指，表示火锅
中间有一个较小的与辣锅
分开的清汤锅;且空后的separate的发音 以辅音音素开头，故填a。
5答案及解析：
答案：1. say8.
解析：
本文主要介绍了中国在钻探海底可燃冰方面取得了重大突破。
1. fr
ozen【解析】考查词性转换。句意为:5月18日,中国宣布在钻取可燃冰方面已取得成功,
可燃冰
是中国南海中的一种水和天然气的冷冻混合物。根据空前的a和空后的mix可知,此
处应用froze
的形容词形式frozen,意为“冷冻的”,故填frozen。
2. Officially【解
析】考查词性转换。句意为:被官方称为甲烷水合物的可燃冰在燃烧时产生
大量的能量,其化学反应只生
成二氧化碳和水known为非谓语动词,应用副词修饰,故填
Officially。
3.
burnedburnt【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意见上—题解析,
分析句子结构可知,此处为when
引导的状语从句的省略形式,补全为when fire ice
was burnedburn,在when引导的从句中,若从
句主语与主句主语相同,且从句谓语中
含有be动词时,可省略从句主语与be动词。故填
burnedburnt。
4. is
considered【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意为:清洁能源密集的可燃冰被认为是未
来的
燃料。分析句子结构可知, 本句主语为Fire
ice,与consider之间为被动关系,再根据全文
时态可知,应用一般现在时,故填is
considered。
5. troubling【解析】考査非谓语动
词。句意为:包括美国和日本在内的很多国家都在长期进行
可燃冰研究,但从海底提取可燃冰—直是一个
困扰所有国家的普遍问题。分析句子结构可
知, all of
them应为定语,修饰problem,两者之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故填troubling。
6. which【解析】考查定语从句。句意为:然而,中国团队差不多用连续8天(的时间)成功钻
取
出可燃冰,这是一大突破。分析句子结构可知, _________ is a big brea
kthrough为非限制性定
语从句,设空处为引导词,在从句中作主语,先行词为前面的半句话。故
填which。
7. to say【解析】考査非谓语动词。句意为:然而,说找到了一种新能源还
为时过早。分析句子
结构可知,it为形式主语,应用动词不定式作真正的主语,故填to say。
8. for【解析】考查介词。句意为:全世界的可燃冰总储备量为大约21 ,000万亿立方米,
如果
被开采,能满足全世界1,000年的能源需求。根据句意可知,此处应用“for +
—段时间”表示“达,
计(表示动作或情况持续的时间)”,故填for。
9. indus
trial【解析】考查词性转换。句意为:成功试钻取可燃冰并不意味着它可以被提取来
用于工业。分
析句子结构可知,空后的use为名词,作for的宾语,所以应用形容词修饰名词,故
填indust
rial。
10. the【解析】考査冠词。句意为:人们认为最早到2025年人们才有可能看到
可燃冰真正用
于商业。the修饰形容高级,at the
earliest意为“最早”,故填the。
6答案及解析：
答案：1. traditional2. are g4. carefully5.
expression6. 8. it9. to10. to
create
解析：
ional 考查词类转换。修饰名词Chinese folk
art(中国的民间艺术)用形容词。
2. are used 考查语态。paper-
cuts与use之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。在节日期间剪纸
被用来装饰屋子。
3.
cutting考査非谓语动词。be good at意为“擅长做某事”,at为介词,后面接动名词形式。
4. carefully 考查副词。这里carefully修饰动词look at。
5. expression考査词类转换,意为“人物的外貌与思想的表达”。所以用名词形式。
6. whichthat 考查定语从句。are all hand-made
是定语从句,引导词在句中作主语,指代lines
和patterns,可知用whichthat。
7. is考査时态。动名词作主语,谓语用单数形式, 同时是一般现在时,所以用is。
8. it考査代词。本空用it代指cutting a piece
of paper。
9. to考査短语搭配。lead to意为“导致”是固定短语搭配。
10. to create 考査非谓语动词。try to do sth.意为
“尽力做某事”。
7答案及解析：
答案：1. what2.
greatest3. have blamed4. him5. put7. Committed8.
successfully9. rejections10. who
解析：
逆境可以打败你,但它也能使你更强大。最终的结果取决于你在面对困难时如何对待它们。
1. what考査名词性从句的连接词。do whir处理,应对与
what搭配构成with
结构表示”如何应对处理注意和结构的区别。
2.
greatest考查形容词的最高级。one of + the
+形容词的最高级+名词的复数形式表示
最……之一”。
3. have blamed
考查虚拟语气。Had Columbus turned back是If Columbus had
turned
back
的省略倒装结构,表示与过去事实相反的假设,其主句的谓语动词应用couldwould
have
done,故空格处填入have blamed。
4.
him考查代词。指代前文的Columbus,在句中作宾语,故用宾格him。
5.
studying 考査固定用法。have a difficulthard time doing
sth.做某事有困难。
6. was put 考査时态和语态。该段介绍Dr. Mary
Groda-Lewis过去的经历,故应用一般过
去时;句子主语She与谓语动词put之间是动宾
关系,故用被动语态,所以空格处填was put。
7.
Committed考查非谓语动词。be committed
to表示“致力于。注意其过去分词形式需
要双写t再加-ed。
8.
successfully考查词性转换。修饰动词entered用副词。
9.
rejections考查名词的数:空格前有many修饰,故应用名词的复数形式。
10. wh
o考査定语从句。分析句子结构吋知,空格后有谓语动词was,故空格处应填入关系词
引导定语从句;
非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Dr. Mary Groda-
Lewis,关系词在从句中作主
语,故用who引导。
8答案及解析：
答案：1. when2. largest3. found4.
used5. uniquely6. activities7. were added8. the9.
for10. making
解析：
本文介绍了铜鼓之乡——河池
考査连词。河池的铜鼓文化可以追溯到汉朝，在那个时候居住在
该地区的人们认为
铜鼓是神圣的。此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词,the Han
Dynasty是先行词,指时间, 故
填when。
t考查形容词的最高级。此处China’s相当于the, 再根据one of
可知填largest。
3. found考查时态。由A 2003
survey可知句子用一般过去时, 故答案为found。
4. used
考查非谓语动词。此处是with复合结构,use与前面的1,300 copper
drums构成
被动关系,故填used。
ly考查副词。此处用副词修饰形容词,故答案为uniquely。
ties考査名词单复数。当地人民的节日、婚礼、庆典、
葬礼和宗教活动的习俗。
此处用名词的复数形式,故答案为activities。
7.
were added考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,add和其前的主语为被动关系,用被动
语
态,且时间状语为In 2006,故用一般过去时的被动语态.
8. the
考査冠词。此处指“河池市”,属于特指,故答案为the。
9. for 考查介词。a
candidate for sth.为固定搭配,故填for。
10. making
考查非谓语动词。根据后面的it a Copper Drum Cultural and
Ecological
Reserve with recognition across
Guangxi 可知,此处表示自然而然的结果,故填making。