温州大学教务网-人事工作总结范文

专题1 语法填空
1.【2017·新课标I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less
salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 1 a method of
fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart
disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3 (process) the food
that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt
4 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 5 result, people
will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6 (bad), the amount
of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7 (be) full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat)
more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals
and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9 (care) not to go to extremes. Like
anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10 is not good for the health.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们 的态度不一。脂肪和盐分对
于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将 会收到损害。

3. to process 考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物 require表示“要求”， require sb. to do sth.
表示“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb. be required to do sth.”，表示“某人被要求做某事”。
故填to process。
4. are removed 考查被动语态。句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉 分析可知fat，salt和move之 间是
被动关系，脂肪和盐分是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填are removed。
5. a 考查冠词。固定短语as a result表示“结果”，句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东
西。故填a。
6. worse 考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。

7. is 考查主谓一致。句意：快餐食物中充满了脂肪和盐。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，
为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
8. eating 考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和 盐。根据前
文中的by可知此处应该填名词，所以填eat的动名词形式。故填eating。
9. careful 考查形容词。句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形 容词做表语，故
填careful。
10. which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知which
is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文中的have too much of both“摄入过
多的脂肪和盐”。故填which。
【名师点睛】
语法填空题的 考查形式为：在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后
面给出单词的 基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词
语不得多于3 个单词。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、
冠词等判断各 空白处应填写的内容。具体考查形式有以下几种：
一、给出动词基本形态，填写词性词形转化(转为名 词、形容词)，或填写谓语部分，可能需要填写两个或
三个词，或是填写非谓语动词；
二、给出形容词，需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化，转化为副词，或是填写反义词(前缀)；
三、给出副词，填写比较级、最高级，或是填写反义词；
四、不给提示词，主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。
有提示词：考查谓语动词，非谓语动词，形容词，副词
例如第2题has had some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease，
给出了提示词effect。考生可以 从词性变化和单复数两方面考虑，effect可变为形容词effective，变为
副词effec tively，分析语境可知划线处应该填名词，不需要做词性上的变化。所以考生可以从单复数方面
考 虑，根据划线处前的some可知应该填名词的复数形式。所以考生可以确定正确答案为effects。
无提示词：考查冠词，介词，连词，代词
例如第10题it is possible to have too much of both, 10 is not good for the health. 结
合语境可知作者要表达“很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处” 的意思。分析可知which is not
good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文中的have too much of both“摄入过多的脂肪
和盐”，所以填which。
2. 【2017·新课标II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just
under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __1__(crowd) on the roads above as
they travelled to and ___2__ word. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting
method. This included digging up the road, ____3___(lay) the track and then building a strong
roof over___4___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines ___5__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___6__(fair)unpleasant
for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a
great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___7__ every day.
Later, engineers ____8___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）,
which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___9___ (introduce)
of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most
___10___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white- painted tunnels and
bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
【解析】

used考查被动语态，根据句意：蒸汽发动机“被用于”拉货物，故填were used.
考查副词，这里fair是形容词，pleasant也是形容词，所以需要将fair 变为副词来修饰形容词，
故填fairly.
考查代词，这里用it指代前句的railway,故填it.
d 考查动词，本文全篇都是一般过去时，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填managed.
uction考查词性转换，空格前是the,后面应该是名词，故填名词introduction.
sful考查形容词，空格前是most,其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填successful.
【名师点睛】
在语法填空中，我们要特别注意词性转换题。如本文的【小题9】，横线前 是冠词the，所以横线上要使

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用名词introductio n。【小题6】，在英语中，副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常在句
中做定语或表语 修饰名词。所以本句中使用副词fairly作状语修饰形容词pleasant。
词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。
技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。
技巧2：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。
技巧3：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。
技巧4：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词， 有可能考词类转换；若是
形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。
技巧5：词义转换题 。词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后
逻辑关系，在词根 前加un-, im-，il-, ir-，in-, non-, dis-等，在词根后加-less等。
考点：考查语法填空
3.【2017·新课标III】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward
to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending
half-term 1 (real)Instead, she is earning $$6500 a day as 2 model in New York.
Sarah 3 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new
year. Her father Peter44,want her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 4 has taken part
in shows along with top models wants 5 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined
to carry on with her 6 (educate).
She has turned down several 7 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies
After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree
8 engineering or architecture.
Sarah says, dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 9 (come) first.
I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 10 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little
unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more.
【文章大意】本文是一篇人物类记叙文，介绍了Sarah Thomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择，她
认为在青少年时期学业要放在首位。
1. resting考查非谓语动词。 固定短语：spend time doing sth
2. a考查冠词。 model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛指 “一个”，故填a。
3. was told 考查动词。根据句意判断谓语动词应该用一般过去时的被动形式，主语Sar ah是第三人称单

数，故填was told。
4. who考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，代替先行词Sarah，应该用人称代词who。
5. to prove考查非谓语动词。 want to do sth. 想要做某事。
6. education考查词形转换。形容词性物主代词后面应该接名词形式
7. in vitations考查名词单复数。several修饰可数名词复数形式，故填invitations。
8. in考查介词。in表示“在某方面”，获得某项学位 “get a degree in…”。
9. comes考查动词。 根据语境可知Sarah认为当下应该是学业第一，说明现在的情况应该用一般现在时。
10. certainly 考查副词。修饰动词应该用副词形式，故填certainly。
【名师点睛】 语法填空要求考生阅读一篇短文，然后按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求完成10道
语法填空题 。做题要求：一是在空格处填入适当的词；二是使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。纯空格题一
般要填冠词 、介词、连词、代词等，如果是物主代词，则空后需跟名词，比如6题。而有提示词的需要根
据语境，分 析句子结构，判断所填词的词性，再确定所填词的形式。例如7题，several是修饰复数名词的
词 ，所以判断后面用名词的复数形式。
4.【2017·浙江卷】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内 容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last October , while tending her garden in Mora , Sweden , Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful
of small 1 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer ,
and she noticed a 2 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was
her long- lost wedding ring.
Pahlsson screamed 3 loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “she thought
I had hurt 4 (I),”says Pahlsson
Sixteen years 5 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 6 (cook) a meal. When she
wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters
—then ten, eight, and six— had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlsson and her
husband 7 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope
of finding my ring again,
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 8 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen
rubbish and was spread over the garden, 9 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally
sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 10 wonder.

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2.考查形容词。“she noticed a 2 (shine) object”a为冠词，object为名词，横线处应填写形容
词。故填shin y或shining。
3.考查固定句式。根据“Pahlsson screamed 3 loudly that her daughter came running from the
house”，so…that,如此…以至于，故填so。
4.考查代词。I had hurt 4 (I)，主语为I,横线处为宾语，替代主语时，应用代词。故填myself。
5.考查形容词。says Pahlsson Sixteen years 5 (early)，用形容词比较级修饰Sixteen years，
Sixteen years earlier16年前；故填earlier。
6.考查动词不定式。Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 6 (cook) a meal，一个句
子不能出现双重谓语，所以用不定式表目的状语。故填to cook。
7.考查动词时态。根据“but turned up nothing”，可知句子为过去时，
“Pahlsson and her husband 7 (search) the kitchen”故填searched。
8.考查动词。
“Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 8 (sweep) into a
pile of kitchen rubbish”，ring与sweep之间是被动关系，故填swept。
9.考查连接词。
“ 9 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生
长) through it”，句子结构完整，先行词为 the garden,表示地点，定语从句中缺少相对应的地点
状语，故填where。
10考查冠词。its return was 10 wonder.，wonder是名词，was是动词，应使用冠词修饰名
词。故填a。
【名师点睛】
在语法填空中，我们要特别注意词性转换题。如本文的2题，“she noticed a 2 (shine) object”，
句中a为冠词，object 为名词，横线处应填写形容词。故填shiny或shining 。
词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。
技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。
技巧2：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。

技巧3：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。
技巧4：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词， 有可能考词类转换；若是
形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。
技巧5：词义转换题 。词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后
逻辑关系，在词根 前加un-, im-，il-, ir-，in-, non-, dis-等，在词根后加-less等。
考点：考查语法填空
5.(2016·四川高考)
The giant panda__1__(love) by people throughout the e scientists __2__(recent) had
a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn was a very __3__(care)
25 days，she never left her baby，not even to find something __4__(eat)！She would not let any
other pandas come licked the baby constantly to keep it smell might attract
natural __5__(enemy)that would try to eat the little mother held the baby in her front
paws much the way a human does.__6__it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little
comforting mother continued to care for the young panda __7__more than two that
time，the panda no longer needed __8__(it)mother for r，it stayed with her and learned
about the ways of the ，after two and a half years，the mother __9__(drive)the young
panda was time for her to have a new baby，__10__it was also time for the young panda
to be independent.
【文章大意】 本文介绍了大熊猫是怎样养育小宝宝的。

5．enemies [前没有限定词，因此本空应填名词复数形式。]
6．WhenIf [如果小熊猫哭了，她来回摇晃它，给它安慰。when既可表示时间也可表示条件。]
7．for [妈妈继续照顾年轻的熊猫两年多的时间。for＋一段时间。]
8．its [这里指熊猫的妈妈， 作定语，用物主代词形式。]
9．drove [文章主要时态为一般过去时。两年半之后，母亲把小熊猫赶走。]
10．and [上下句之间为并列关系。是她有一个新宝宝的时候了，也是小熊猫独立的时候了。]
6.(2015·全国Ⅰ)

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Yangshuo，China
It was raining lightly when I __1__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before I didn’t care.A
few hours __2__，I’d been at home in Hong Kong，with __3__ (it) choking ，the air was
clean and fresh，even with the rain.
I’d skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and
dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__
(painting)．Instead，I’d headed straight for those who fly to Guilin，it’s only
an hour away __6__ car and offers all the scenery of the better－known city.
Yangshuo __7__ (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers __8__ (conduct) by the website
TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the the town is fast
becoming a popular weekend destination for people in ombie & Kent，a travel company
in Hong Kong，says it __9__ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __10__ (live) in
Shanghai and Hong Kong.

3．its [考查形容词性物主代词的用法。空格后面有名词smog，故要使用形容词性物主代词。]
4. that which [考查定语从句关系代词的用法。由句子结构不难判断这是一个定语从句。先行词为指物
的mountain tops and dark waters，关系词在从句中作主语，因此答案为that which。]
5．paintings [考查名词的复数。“so many＋复数名词”为一常用短语。]
6．by [考查介词的固定用法。根据句意可知，这只是驱车一小时的路程。“by＋交通工具名词” 为一固
定短语。]
7．is [考查主谓一致和动词时态。本段介绍阳朔的自然条件，属客观 事实，要用一般现在时，由于主语
是单数第三人称形式，因此答案为is。]
8．conducted [考查过去分词短语作后置定语的用法。study与conduct之间为 动宾关系，故用表示被动
的过去分词形式。此外，by是解题的关键词，conducted by...意为“由……所做的”。]
9．regularly [考查副词的用法。该词修饰谓语动词arrange，故要用其副词形式。]
10．living [考查现在分词短语作后置定语的用法。由于live与其所修饰的名词people之间为逻辑上的
主 谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式。]

7.(2015·全国Ⅱ)
The adobe dwellings(土坯房)__1__(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are
admired by even __2__ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty，
what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __3__(able) to “air condition” a house without
__4__(use)electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and
give out that heat __5__(slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house. When a new day breaks，
the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __6__ (cool) the house during the hot
day：__7__ the same time，they warm up again for the night. This cycle __8__ (go) day after
day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely
offset(抵消)for the outside __9__(nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured
out exactly__10__thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

3. ability [考查形容词与名词的转换。形容词性物主代词their之后应当用名词，故将able转化 为其
名词形式。]
4. using [考查介词的用法。介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。]
5. slowly [考查 副词的用法。由土坯制成的墙壁在炎热的白天吸收太阳的热量并在凉爽的夜间慢慢将热
量释放出来。修饰 谓语动词give out，因此要用副词形式。]
6. to cool [考查固定句式的用法。“形容词＋enough＋动词不定式”为一常用句式。]
7. at [考查固定短语的用法。at the same time意为“同时”，是一个常用介词短语。]
8. goes [考查动词的时态。这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原理，故用一般现在时态。]
9. natural [考查形容词的用法。修饰名词architects，故要用形容词形式。]
10. how [考查宾语从句的连接词用法。分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。根据形容词t hick及结
构可知这里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墙的确切厚度。所以答案为how。]



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