霞浦一中-换届选举时间

2019届二轮复习空格无提示词类必考点解题：定语从句的关系词确定技巧


技法 分清句子成分，巧辨定语从句中抽象或具体(人与物)
(一)寻找先行词，辨别人与物
先行词指人时常用who, whom, that；指物时常用that, which。
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study
published in 2014 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running
reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
解析：thatwhich 分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词是a
study，且定语从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词thatwhich。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that
between 2005 — when the government started a soiltesting program
gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011,
fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
解析：thatwhich 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，a soil-
testing program是先行词，表示物，且定语从句中缺少主语，故填thatwhich。
3．(2018·浙江高考)Many westerners come to China cook much less than
in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.
解析：whothat 根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句并在
定语从句中作主语，先行词是Many westerners，故填who或that。
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, has taken part in shows along with top
models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
解析：who 空格处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，指人，故
用who。
5．(2017·北京高考改编)The little problems we meet in our daily lives
may be inspirations for great inventions.
解析：that 句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题有可能是伟大发明的 灵
感。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，先行词为
The little problems，因此用that。

6．(2018·河南七所名校联考)The shelter，is designed for the thousands
of traders and shoppers at Bangkok’s night market, has become an
attraction itself.
解析：which 先行词是The shelter，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，且
在从句中作主语，故用which。
7．(2018·石家庄检测)I used my phone to call a taxi to meet my Chinese
friend, Gu Yu， would guide me to get around Beijing.
解析：who 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰
先行词“my Chinese friend, Gu Yu”，指人，并且在从句中作主语，所以要用
关系代词who。
8．(2018·江西五校第一次联考)The WHO says superbugs can also pass
along genetic material helps other bacteria become resistant to drug
treatment.
解析：thatwhich thatwhich引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先
行词genetic material。
(二)判断所缺成分，选择关系词
当定语从句部分缺少主语、宾语、定语时，要想到分别采用 who(指人)，
that(指人或物)，which(指物)，whom(指人)，whose(指人 或物)；当定语从句部
分缺少时间状语、地点状语、原因状语时，要想到分别采用when, where, why。
1．(2018·天津高考改编)Kate, sister I shared a room with when we were
at college, has gone to work in Australia.
解析：whose 句意：凯特 已经去澳大利亚工作了，在大学时我和她的姐姐
同住一个房间。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 Kate，并在从句中作
sister的定语，应用关系代词 whose引导定语从句。
2．(2018·江苏高考改编)Self-driving is an area China and the rest of
the world are on the same starting line.
解析：where 句意：无人驾驶是一个中国和世界上其他国家处在 同一起跑
线的领域。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词area，并在从句
中作 地点状语，应用where引导。
3．(2017·6月浙江高考)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring

probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the
garden， it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted
(生长) through it.
解析：where 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从
句中作状语，先行词是表示地点的the garden，故填where。
4．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days
on a TV show in the mid1980s, I was the first Western TV reporter ...
解析：when 空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the mid1980s，空格处在
定语从句中作时间状语，故应用when引导该定语从句。
5．(2019·广东惠州模拟)Besides, he lives in harmony with others and
never quarrels with anyone, from I’ve gained lots of social experience.
解析：whom 此处为“from＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词anyone，
故用whom。
6．(2018·郑州市第一次质量预测)The reason he failed in the exam was
that he didn’t study hard.
解析：why 空处引导定语从句，修饰The reason，并在从句中作原因状语，
故用why。
(三)识别特殊定语从句，分清限制性、非限制性定语从句
1．(2018·厦门模拟)The main street is lined with small stands and
shopssell almost anything you can imagine.
解析：whichthat 句意：主街道两旁的小货摊和商店鳞次栉比， 它们出售
你能想象到的几乎任何东西。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词
为sm all stands and shops，指物，且在从句中作主语，故用which或that引
导该定语从句。
2．(2018·湖北七市联考)We’ve listed some of the most famous flowers
have a special significance.
解析：that 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，
先行词为flo wers且有形容词最高级修饰，所以空格处只能填关系代词that而
不能用which。
3．(2018·武汉市武昌区调研)Our struggles in life develop our strength,

without we never get stronger, so it’s important for us to handle
challenges on our own, and not to rely on others for help.
解析：which 句意：生活中的奋斗能增强我们的力量，没有 这些奋斗，我
们就不会变得更强大……。空格处应用关系代词，放在介词without之后，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的先行词Our struggles，所以要用which。
4．(2018·合肥市第一次质量检测)The city has built 12 statelevel
tourist areas, of one is 5Aclass scenic spot and four sites are 4Alevel.
解析：which 分析句子结构可知，空格处指代先行词12 statelevel
tourist areas，且在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，故填which。
5．With the improvement of life standards, there are a growing number
of people traveling each year, is a good way to enjoy life.
解析：which 句意：随着生活水平的提高，每年有越来越多的人旅游，这
是一种很好的享 受生活的方式。此处为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，故
应填which。
6．(2018·重庆第一次调研)The park offers visitors a sight of nature
at majorities of people never have the chance to take a look.
解析：which 分析句子结构可知，该句中的“The park offers visitors a
sight of nature”是主句，“at majorities ...a look”是定语从句，空格
处在定语从句中作at的宾语，代指a sight of nature，故填which。