北京市2020高考英语二轮复习 短文语法填空训练(1)
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短文语法填空训练（1）
第二节：（共10小题；每题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形
式。
Babara: You look __61___(tire). What’s the
matter with you?
Bob: Nothing serious. I
want to have a job after graduation. I am under
great pressure.
Babara: Do you find that
___62__is difficult to find a suitable job this
year?
Bob: Yes. Now college graduates
____63____(encourage) to start their own
business, which sounds really good for us. At
the same time, we can get some
valuable
social____64_____and we may also know more about
ourselves and
society.
Babara: Yes, but
it is not as easy ___65___you imagine. For college
students
there are a lot of problems,
especially the one of not having enough money.
And our education doesn’t provide enough
knowledge on how to solve it.
Bob: Maybe
you are right. But our government allows college
graduates
to borrow money from banks
___66___maybe some can get money from their
parents.
Babara: But you have to pay back
the money sooner or ___67____. So some
college
graduates prefer to live a ___68____(peace) life
rather than start
their own businesses through
job-hunting which is competitive.
Bob: Oh,
they don’t have dreams. But I have made
__69_____my mind to
achieve my about you?
Babara: Well, it always takes time to
consider before ___70____(make) a
decision.
61. 62. 63.
64. 65.
66. 67.
68. 69. 70.
【答案】【知识点】语法填空（二）
【思路点拨】语法填空，必须读懂全文，根据上下文灵活应用语法知识，同时要注
意名词单复数
，动词人称，形容词和副词的变化。
【答案解析】
61. tired
主语是you，故应用tired，感到疲劳的。
. 根据固定句型：It is
difficult to do sth做某事困难，故填it。
being
encouraged. 根据题中的now判断应用进行时，句子的主语为
encourage的动作
承受者，故用现在进行时的被动语态。
ence. experience“经验”，为不可数名词。
. 根据前文的as判断是同级比较，故填as。
.
空前后是两个平行的并列句，故应用and。
. sooner or
later固定短语“迟早”。
ul. live a peaceful
life过和平生活，形容词形式作定语。
. make up one’s
mind下定决心，故填up。
before与现在分词连用做时间状语，句子的主语为make的逻辑主语，
故填making。
2020高考英语二轮：短文语法填空练习
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确
形式。
1. ______ is widely accepted that the universe
began with a“Big Bang”. After
the“Big Bang”,
the earth was still just a cloud of dust, and 2.
______ it
was to become was uncertain. But
between 4. 5 and 3. 8 billion years ago,
the
dust settled into a solid globe, which exploded 3.
______ (violent)with
fire and rock. So
many gases were produced and were to make the
earth’s
atmosphere. Water also appeared then,
which was fundamental 4. ______ the
development of life 5. ______ allowed the
earth to dissolve harmful gases
and acids into
the oceans and seas.
6. ______ small plants
began to appear on the surface of the water is the
start of change. They helped develop early
shellfish and all sorts of fish.
Green plants
grew on land too, which 7. ______ (follow)by land
animals. Some
of the animals produced young
generally by 8. ______ (lay)eggs. 9. ______
time going by, mammals rose on the earth. They
were different from all life
forms in the
past, because they gave birth to their baby
animals and fed them
by producing milk.
Finally, some small clever animals appeared, but
they
didn’t take good care of the earth. So
10. ______ life will continue on the
earth for
millions of years to come is unknown.
答案: 1.
It 2. what 3. violently 4. to 5. and
6.
That 7. were followed 8. laying 9. With 10.
whether
2020高考英语二轮：短文语法填空练习
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形
式。
Every day has the potential to be a good
and, in some cases, a great day
for you. Few
of us get up in the morning 1 (think)that we want
this to
be a bad day. Yet in many cases the
day turns that way because of a person
or an
event 2 we worry about.
Think about those
small events which can throw you off balance and
affect
your whole day 3 (negative). Who stole
your day? Was 4 a boss, an
unruly
child, an erratic driver on the way to work,
getting 5 “F”on a
history paper, 6 an
impolite waiter at lunch that did?
Every day
numerous people or events can prevent us from
having a good
day, if we let them. The key is
that we should adopt a positive attitude
towards life. We cannot control 7 happens to
us in many cases, but we can
control how we
react 8 these events.
Lao-tzu, a Chinese
philosopher, 9 (say), “He who conquers others is
strong; he who conquers 10 is mighty. ”
【文章大意】每一天既可能会朝着好的方面发展, 也可能会朝着坏的方面发展,
关
键是看我们对生活采取的态度。虽然我们不能控制会发生什么事,
但我们可以控制
我们对所发生的事情的态度。
1.
【解析】thinking。考查现在分词。think和逻辑主语few of
us之间是主动关
系, 应用现在分词作伴随状语。
2.
【解析】that。考查关系代词。that引导定语从句修饰先行词a person or an
event,
that在从句中作介词about的宾语, 先行词中既有人也有事物,
不可用which。
3. 【解析】negatively。考查副词。修饰动词(affect),
应用副词。
4. 【解析】it。考查代词。本句是强调句, 句中缺少it。
5.
【解析】an。考查冠词。F表示的是学业成绩中的F级别, 是一个可数名词,
此
处是泛指“一个F级别”, 应用不定冠词; F是以元音音素开头的,
应用不定冠词
an修饰。
6. 【解析】or。考查并列连词。an impolite
waiter和“F”on a history paper
是并列关系, 表示的是一种可能性,
应用or, 意为“或者”。
7.
【解析】what。考查宾语从句。control后跟的是一个宾语从句, 从句中缺少主
语,
应用what引导。
8. 【解析】to。考查介词。react to sth.
对某事做出反应, 是固定搭配。
9. 【解析】said。考查时态。表述过去发生的事情,
应用一般过去时。
10. 【解析】himself。考查代词。由He who conquers
others is strong可知,
此
处指的是“征服自己的人才是强大的”。主语是he,
所以反身代词用himself。
2020高考英语二轮：短文语法填空练习
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于
3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形
式。【全国新课标卷题型】
If the
population of the Earth keeps on__1__(increase) at
its present rate，
there will__2__(event) not be
enough resources left to support life on the
planet. By the middle of the 21st century，if
present trends continue，
we__3__(use) up all
the oil that drive our cars, for example. Even if
scientists develop new ways of feeding the
human race, the crowded conditions
on Earth
will make it__4__(necessity) for us to look for
somewhere else.
But__5__of the other planets
in our solar system are capable of supporting
life at present. One possible solution to the
problem，__6__， has recently
been suggested by
an American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.
Sagarn believes
that__7__ the Earth's
resources are completely__8__(exhaust)，it will be
possible to change the atmosphere of Venus
and__9__create a new world almost
as large as
Earth itself. Something is difficult. Venus is
much hotter than
the Earth. __10__， there is
only a tiny amount of water there.
1．______
2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______
7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：sing
ally have used ary
r ted ore s
2020高考英语二轮：短文语法填空练习
阅读下面材料，在空白
处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
【全国新课标卷题型】
A
lecturer was giving a lecture to his students on
stress management.
He raised a glass of water
and asked the audience, “How heavy do you think
this glass of water is？” The students' answers
ranged from 20g to 500g.
It doesn't matter on
the absolute__1__(weigh). It depends on how long
you
hold__2__. If I hold it for a minute, it
is OK. If I hold it for an hour,
I'll
have__3__ache in my right arm. If I hold it for a
day, you will have
to call an ambulance. It's
the exact same weight, but the__4__(long) I hold
it, the heavier it becomes. If we carry our
burdens__5__the time, sooner or
later, we
won't be able to carry on, the burden__6__(become)
increasingly
heavier. What you've to do is to
put the glass down, rest for a while before
holding it up again. We've to put down the
burden periodically, so that we
can__7__(refresh) and are able to carry on.
__8__you return home from work tonight, put
the burden of work__9__.Don't
carry it back
home. You can pick it up tomorrow. Whatever
burdens you're
having now on your shoulders,
let it down__10__a moment if you can. Life is
short, enjoy it!
1．______ 2.______
3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______
8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：
1．weight
做介词on的宾语应用名词weight。
2．it it指代a glass of water。
3．an 根据上下文语境可知用冠词，而ache以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词
an。
4．longer the more...the more是一个固定句型，从上下文语境可以知道
一
杯子水拿的时间越长就越觉得重，故用longer。
5．all
如果我们总是带着负担，迟早我们会带不动的。all the time表示“总
是，一直”。
6．becoming 独立主格结构，与逻辑主语是主动关系，故用现在分词。
7．be
refreshed 主语与refresh之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态。
8．Before
从本段第二句话可知不要把它带回家，故应该是在回家之前，用连
词before。
9．down 放下工作负担。put down“放下”。
10．for 本句的意思是：
现在无论你的肩上有什么样的负担，如果可能的话把
它放下一会儿吧。故此处用介词for。
2020高考英语二轮：短文语法填空练习
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确
形式。
Henry Adams was an 1. _______
(America)businessman. He had his own boat. One
day when he was sailing out of the bay, he
found himself 2. _______ (carry)out
to sea by
a strong wind. He did not know 3. _______ he could
survive until
morning. The next morning he had
just about given himself up for lost 4.
_______ he was spotted by a ship. And it was
the ship 5. _______ brought
him to England.
He earned his passage by 6. _______ (work)as an
unpaid hand,
which accounted
7. _______
his poor appearance. When he was in London he felt
lost. He had
no money and did not know 8.
_______ he should do. Walking down the street
one day, he heard someone calling him. He
entered and was given a letter.
He was told
that there was money in it and 9. _______ he could
not open it
10. _______ two o’clock. . .
答案: 1. American 2. carried 3.
whether 4. when 5. that
6. working 7.
for 8. what 9. that 10. until