何其芳-会计从业资格准考证

考点55
小猫钓鱼


【“十一选十”选词填空解题步骤】
第一步：详读选项，词分类
首先说明一点， 所给的11个词全部是实词，词性分别是名词、动词、形容词和副词。
选项中的11个词是考查的关键， 考生应该详细的理解这11个单词。熟悉的单词标明词性
和词义，不熟悉的单词或者不认识的单词只需标 明词性，然后根据名词、动词、形容词、
副词四大类按规律排列在试卷上。这样做考生就可以不再是11 选1了，只要根据上下文的
逻辑关系或者语法结构，有时候可以是3选1甚至2选1，缩小了选择的范围 ，降低了试
题的难度。

注意 ：
1. 动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动 词。非谓语动词包括：动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和
过去分词。过去分词有两种可能性(形容词和动 词的过去分词), 无法确定时标问号。
2. 不认识的词要看后缀。构词法中, 前缀区分意思, 后缀区分词性。所以看词尾往往能大
致分出词性。词性无法确定的, 暂时搁置
。
3. 做出相应的标记。在英文中有的单词不只有一个词性，比如大家常见的visit, access,
approach, challenge, change等就即有名词词性又有动词词性。 这时两个都要标出
来。
4．以-ing或- ed 结尾的词既可能是动词，也可能是由现在分词或过去分词转变而成的形容
词。
例如：sleeping “She is sleeping.”中就是动词。而在“sleeping beauty”中就是
形容词。建议同学 们在供选择的词旁将两种词性都标注上，答题时以动词为首选进行判
断。

第二步：略读全文，定中心
考生拿到题目以后，由于考查考生对篇章的理解 ，应该略读整篇文章，确定文章的中
心或主要说明的问题。文章大概在220词--250词左右，用1 分钟左右的时间略读即可。
要抓住文章首句，迅速找到文章的主题词或主题。和完型填空一样，一般文章 第一句不设
空格，以便让考生知道本文的相关主题词或主题。在此，建议大家使用略读的方法，以快速掌握文章大意。

第三步：关注逻辑、词义，灵活选
可以通过词义判断( 即通过同词性词汇的中文意思是否符合文章的整体意思，由此判
断是不是最合适的选项)和逻辑判断(即 根据文章的逻辑顺序和逻辑结构，确定同词性的词
汇中的哪个是最佳答案)两种方法确定答案。注意，在 判断词义的过程中关注代词，比如
these等词的提示作用，避免主观答题。

第四步：复核检查，定结果
篇章词汇理解题目类似于完型填空，这需要考生不仅要迅速的确 定答案，还要在确定
答案之后迅速的复查。检查上下文是否通顺、上下文的逻辑结构是否正确、文章的意 思是
否出现偏差等等，复查无误后即可确定为最后答案。

【“十一选十”选词填空词性判断概述】
前面提到的“瞻前顾后”就是需要考生
根据 空格的前后来决定所填词的词性以及应填
的正确选项，我们可以根据一些简单的语法知识确定答案。应该 说语法知识是解词汇理解
题的基础。

1. 确定空格为名词
(1) a anthe+n. , adj.+n. , vt.+n. , 即空格处前面为冠词、形容词或者及物动词的，空
格处应填入名词；

(2) n.+v., 即空格处后面是动词的，空格处应填入该动词的主语(名词)；
(3) prep.+n., 即空格处前面是介词的，空格处充当介词宾语，用填入一个名词或动名词。

2. 确定空格为动词
(1) . vt. ., 即空格前面已有名词代词作主语，后面又有名词代词作为
动词的宾语，空格处应为及物动词；
(2) . vi. , 即空格处前面是名词代词，后面没有宾语，空格处应填不及物动词；
(3) . vi. ., 即空格处前面是名词代词，空格处后面是副词介词，空格
处应填入 不及物动词，与副词介词构成固定搭配；
(4) ving. ., 即空格处后面是名词代词或者名词短语，但是句子已有谓语，空格
处应填入非谓语动词ving；
(5) to v. , 即空格处前有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to是介词，
后面应填入动名词。

3. 确定空格为形容词
(1) adj.+n. 或n.+adj. , 即空格处前面或者后面为名词的，空格处应填入形容词；
(2) adv.+adj. , 即空格处前面是副词的，空格处应填入形容词；
(3) linkbe v.+adj., 即空格处前面是系动词或be动词的，空格处应填入形容词作表语。

4. 确定空格为副词
(1) adv.+v. 或v.+adv. , 即空格处前面或者后面为动词的，空格处应填入副词；
(2) adv.+adj., 即空格处后面是形容词的，空格处应填入副词。

【专题练习】
Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can
be used only once. Note that there is one word more than our need.

A. fatigue B. previous C. correlation D. factor E. roughly F. diagnosed
G. threatens H. categorized I. prediction J. physical K. startling

One in three employees with a commute(路程)longer than 90 minutes say they have
had recurring neck or back pain in the past 12 months. Just about the same amount say
they have been(1)_________ with high cholesterol (胆固醇). Only 20% of employees
with a commute shorter than 20 minutes report high cholesterol or backneck pain.
One of the most (2) ___________ findings of the study shows a strong (3)
__________between obesity and the length of your commute. According to a recent
study, (4) _________ 30%o of employees who commute for more than 90 minutes each
day have a Body Mass Index that classifies them as obese. Less than 25% of employees
with a commute shorter than 10 minutes are (5) __________as obese.
Sadly, a long commute (6) _________your emotional well- being just as much as
your (7) _________ well- being. Employees with long commutes experienced lower
levels of enjoyment and higher levels of (8) __________and worry than employees with
short commutes. For example, 40% of employees with a commute over 90 minutes
experienced worry for much of the (9)__________day. Only 29% of those with a 20
minute commute said the same.
The average US employee spends 23 minutes getting to work each day, and one in
five commutes more than 30 minutes each way. Only 3% of employees spend more than
an hour commuting each way, but these numbers increase in the country's largest metro
areas.
Your commute plays a major (10) ________in your physical and emotional
well-being, and it could be the difference between loving and hating your job. Spending
the extra money to move closer to your job and shorten your commute may very well be
worth it.

【答案】FKCEH GJABD
【解析】
1. 根据句意可知,“在上下班时间超过90分钟的雇员里面,有三 分之一的人表示在过去的12
个月里经常脖子痛或者背痛。差不多同样数量的人被_______为胆固 醇偏高。”在动词备选
项中, diagnosed“诊断,判断”符合句意和形式上的要求.
2. 下文介绍了通勤时间和肥胖症关系的研究,故推测该段首句是本段的主语义判断题句,即
说明研究的发现之一,故填入 startling,意为研究中最让人感到震惊的发现之一.
3. 从句意上分析,下文用数字详细说明了肥胖和通勤时间之间的联系,故空格处应填入表示
“联系”意义的 词,所以选[C] correlation“相互关系;关联”。
4. 本句话的意思为“最近的一 项研究表明,在每天通勤时间超过90分钟的雇员里面，有

_______30%的人的 体重指数达到了肥胖的标准。”分析备选项中的副词词义可知,
roughly“粗略地,大致上”表示大约,常和数字搭配,故[E]为答案.
5. 根据 句意可知,“最近的一项研究表明,大约有30%每天通勤时间超过分钟的雇员的体重指
数达到了肥胖的 标准。而通勤时间少于10分钟的雇员里面只有不到25%的人被_______
肥胖人群。”这两句话 在语义上为对比关系,故推测填入的词为 classifies的同义替换,所以选
categorized“对……进行分类;把……列作”.
6. 空格所在处意为“不幸的 是,较长的通勤时间会_______人的精神健康”语义判断后文介
绍了长时间的通勤时间降低了人的 快乐感,故推测所填空格应该表达“损害”之意。在动词备
选项中, threatens“威胁;危及”符合句意和形式上的要求,故[G]为答案。
7. 空格前面有形容词性物主代词your,后面有名词well- being,并且该空语法判断是 as
much as连接的一个并列结构,因此该空格处应填入形容词并和前面的形容词 emotional对
应。语义判断备选形容词中, physical身体的,肉体的”符合句意要求,故[J]为答案.
8. 根据句意可推测空格是与 enjoyment(幸福感)意思相对、与worry(焦虑)语义判断意思相
近的词。在备选名词中 fatigue“疲劳,劳累”符合句意,故[A]为答案.
9. 意思为这些人在前一天就会感到非常焦虑，所以选B
10. 根据句意可知,通勤时间在人的生理和心理健康上用。 factor“因素,要素”符合原句逻辑意
思,故[D]为答案。

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can
be used only once. Note that there is one word more than our need.


A. Backgrounds B. change C. top D. obviously E. educated F. emotional G. factor H.

predict I. intelligence J. misleading K. motivated



Sending your children to piano or violin lessons in a bid(努力) to boost their
academic achievement is a waste of money, according to scientists. Although research has
shown that youngsters who take music lessons are more likely to be (1)_________of
their class, psychologist Glenn Schellenberg claims this link is(2 )__________.
Instead, improved academic performance may be because brighter children from
privileged (3)_________are more likely to learn an instrument, rather than music
classes helping to boost their(4) ________.
“Music may(5)________you a bit, but it's also the case that different children take
music lessons,
parents' education was the most influential (6）_________on musicality.
who take music lessons come from families with higher incomes, they come from families
with more(7)_______parents, they also do more extra- curricular activities, they have
higher IQs, and they do better at school.”
In tests on 167 children who played the piano or other instruments, they found
their answer to personality tests could(8)_______ how likely it was for them to continue
their music lessons. Those who were more outgoing and conscientious were more likely

to continue to play.
“ We were(9) ________by the fact that kids who take music lessons are
particularly good student. In school they actually do better than you would predict from
their IQ. So(10) ___________something else is going on,
the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) annual conference in
Boston. t personality might be the thing.’’
(
Online)


【答案】CJAIB GEHKD
【解析】
1. 本段第一句提到“送孩子去上钢琴或小提琴课以试图提高他们的学习成绩是浪 费金
钱的行为”,空格所在的让步状语从句指出,“尽管有研究表明,学音乐的孩子更可能在班上 ”。
结合备选形容词选项可知,top“最佳的,最好的”符合句意,故[C]为答案。
2. 空格所在句是一个让步状语从句,主句是对从句的否定转折。从句提到,语义判断“研
究 表明上音乐课的孩子更可能在班上名列前茅”,主句则指出,“将这两者联系在一起 。结合备
选形容词 选项可知,含有否定意义的misleading“误导人的”符合句意,故[J}为答案.
3. 从句意上看,来自优越家庭的孩子更聪明,更可能学习乐器。结合备选名语义判断词
选项可知 backgrounds“背景,出身”与介词from构成短语from.… backgrounds意为“出身
于……的背景”,符合句意,故[A]为答案.
4. 空 格处含义和学习成绩相关,结合备选名词选项可知,intelligence“智力,理解力”符
合句 意,故[I]为答案.
5. 从句意判断,空格所在的分句表示,“音乐也许 你一些,但是事实上学 音乐的孩子本
身就与众不同”,从这里可推断教授承认音乐有一语义判断有一点作用,结合备选动词选项 可
知, change“改变,变化”符合句意,故B]为答案。
6. 语法判断空格前为形 容词,因此空格处应为名词。由上下文可知,学音乐的孩子与众
不同之处在于优越的家庭背景。家长因素 ,要素”符合句意,故[G]为答案。
7. 本句旨在表明学音乐的孩子家庭条件的优越:“他们的家庭收入更高,家长 。”空格处
要填一个褒义词,结合选项可知, educated“受过教育的”符合句意,故[E]为答案。
8. 该段未句为本句提供例证:那些 性格更为外向、更为认真的孩子更有可能。语义判
断继续演奏乐器。因此可以推断,孩子们在性格测试中 的答案能够显示他们继续演奏音乐的
可能性,所以选[H] predict'“预料,预测”。
9. 该句意为“我们因为上音乐课的孩子在校表现特别好这一事实而语义判断 。”结合
选项可知, motivated“激发,激励”符合句意,故[K]。
10. 该句意为“在学校里他们的学习成绩超出他们的智商让人产生的预期,所语义判断
以 还有其他一些因素在起作用。”结合备选副词选项可知 obviously“明显地,显然地”符合句
意,故[D]为答案。
选自Mail

A. understanding B. encourages C. results D. flexible E. returned F. motivated
G. hunger H. constantly I. satisfied J. supposed K. combined

What is leadership？ Its qualities are difficult to define，but they are not so difficult to
identify. Leaders don’t force other people to go along with them. They bring them along.
Leaders get trust from others by giving it themselves, by building an environment that
__31___ creativity, and by operating with honesty and fairness.
Good leaders don’t work alone. They recognize that an organization’s strategies for
success require the __32___ talents and efforts of members. Leadership is the
catalyst(催化剂) for transforming those talents into __33___.
Successful leaders are emotionally and intellectually looking into the future not
stuck in the past. They have a(an)__34___to take responsibility and to innovate. They
are not __35___with merely taking care of what has already been there. They want to
move forward to create something new.
Leaders provide answers as well as direction, offer strength as well as devotion, and
speak from experience as well as __36___ of the problems they face and the people they
work with.
Leaders are __37___ rather than absolute. They believe in unity rather than
yielding. And they strive to achieve agreements out of conflict.
Leadership is all about getting people __38___ to give their best, helping them to
grow to their fullest potential, and motivating them to work toward a common good.
Leaders make the right things happen when they’re __39___ to.
A good leader, an effective leader, is one who has respect. Respect is something you
have to have in order to receive. A leader who has respect for other people at all levels of
an organization, for the work they do, and for their abilities, desires and needs, will find
that respect is ___40___. And all concerned will be motivated to work together.

【答案】 BKCGI APHJE


A. tissue B. treated C. potential D. engineering E. environment F. limited
G. procedure H. commercial I. promising J. expanding K. internal

Scientists have developed a new surgical glue that could transform emergency
treatments by sealing up critical wounds in the skin or the organs, without the need for
staples or sutures（钉合或缝合）.
It’s called MeTro. It was developed by researchers from both Harvard Medical School
and the University of Sydney, led by Nasim Annabi, an assistant professor of chemical
__31__. The glue is made from a modified（改良的）human protein that responds to UV
light, allowing the application and drying of the gel-like substance in just a minute.
According to the international team of researchers behind the glue, it could quite
literally be a lifesaver, sealing up wounds in 60 seconds without stopping the natural
__32__ and relaxing of the organ or the skin it’s applied to. Wounds __33__ with
MeTro can heal up in half the time compared with stitches or staples, the researchers
claim, and if surgery is required then MeTro can simplify that __34__ too. It's also one of
several ways researchers are exploring to engineer our body's own natural substances to
help repair it when needed.
The __35__ applications are powerful – from treating serious __36__ wounds at
emergency sites such as following car accidents and in war zones, as well as improving
hospital surgeries.
MeTro is simple to apply, can be easily stored, and works closely with natural
__37__ to heal a wound. What’s more, it degrades without leaving any kind of poisonous
leftovers in the body.
For now the trials are __38__ to animal models. But human trials are in the works,
and the results to date are incredibly __39__. If the MeTro can be further developed into
a __40__ product, it could become an essential part of a first responder’s toolkit.
【答案】 D J B G C K A F I H

A. concerns B. illegal C. circulation D. recommended E. launched F. conducting
G. witnessing H. innovation I. emphasized J. regulations K. criticisms

Experts agree that it is becoming a growing trend that more and more consumers
across the country are using cashless payment methods.
In fact, as early as 1988, the State Council released __(31)__ to encourage bank
transfers and to reduce using cash during economic activities. Today, the move toward a
cashless society could “reduce the risks of using cash, save on costs and as a matter of
convenience, prevent __(32)__ activities such as money laundering(洗钱),” Dong

Ximiao, a research fellow at Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies at the Renmin
University of China, told the Global Times.
But China is not the first country to seek a cashless society. Developed states like
Sweden, Denmark and Singapore are also __(33)__ the increase of cashless payment.
The rapid development of cashless payments does not mean there are no challenges and
__(34)__.
Alibaba’s Hema store, where customers can shop, dine and order goods for delivery
from their mobile phones, have come into the spotlight recently. Media reports said that
consumers can’t purchase goods with cash there, which would be considered illegal. A
Hema PR representative told the Global Times that all 13 Hema stores in the country do
in fact allow consumers to pay in cash. She noted that Hema store simply __(35)__
consumers to pay via Alipay for convenience purposes.
Alipay and WeChat Pay, the nation’s two major third-party mobile payment tools,
also __(36)__ campaigns this month to encourage more merchants and customers to use
cashless payment methods. Both called for the establishment of a “cashless society”,
which caused __(37)__ over whether cash will soon disappear. Dong __(38)__ that a
cashless society would not mean that cash would completely disappear. “As the economy
grows, the __(39)__ of cash is still very huge,” noted Dong.
“Also, it’s important to remember that nearly half of China’s population lives in rural
areas, especially in undeveloped western regions, and therefore is not able to enjoy
__(40)__ brought by the Internet,” Dong said. “And when it comes to China’s senior
citizens，most of them prefer to use cash in their daily life,” he added.

【答案】31-40 JBGKD EAICH


A. involuntary B. features C. suspect D. track E. peculiar
F. signals G. store H. permits I. unlock J. sustain K. scale

The human face is a remarkable piece of work. The astonishing variety of facial
31______ helps people recognize each other and is crucial to the formation of complex
is the face’s ability to send emotional 32______, whether through
a(n)33______ blush or the artifice of a false smile. People spend much of their waking
lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading
faces,for signs of attraction, hostility and trust.
Technology is rapidly catching up with the human abilityto read faces. In America
facial recognition is used by churches to 34______ worshippers’ attendance; in Britain,
by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest
a(n)35______ outside a football game. In China it verifies the identities of ride-hailing

drivers, 36______ tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a
smile. Apple’s new iPhone is expected to use it to 37______ the homescreen.
Set against human skills, such applications might seem incremental. Some
breakthroughs, such as flight or the internet,obviously transform human abilities; facial
recognition seems merely to encode them. Although faces are 38______ to individuals,
they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight,intrude on something that is
private. And yet the ability to record, 39______ and analyse images of faces cheaply,
quickly and on a vast 40______ promises one day to bring about fundamental changes
to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.

【答案】31-40: BFADC HIEGK


A. covers B. process C. accomplish D. grand E. consume F. physics
G. consistently H. spare I. overcomes J. continue K.
especially

How to Stick to Good Habits by Using the “2-Minute Rule”
Most of the tasks that you procrastinate on (that is to say, you postpone doing what
you should be doing,) aren’t actually difficult to do — you have the talent and skills
to_____31____ them- you just avoid starting them for one reason or another. The
2-Minute Rule ____32_____ procrastination and laziness by making it so easy to start
taking action that you can’t say no. It might sound like this strategy is too basic for your
____33_____ life goals, but I beg to differ. It works for any goal because of one simple
reason: the_____34____of real life.
As Sir Isaac Newton taught us a long time ago, objects at rest tend to stay at rest and
objects in motion tend to stay in motion. This is just as true for humans as it is for falling
apples. Once you start doing something, it is easier to ___35______ doing it. I love the
2-Minute Rule because it takes up the idea that all sorts of good things happen once you
get started.
The most important part of any new habit is getting started — not just the first time,
but each time. It’s not about performance, it’s about____36_____ taking action. In
many ways, getting started is more important than succeeding. This is____37_____
true in the beginning because there will be plenty of time to improve your performance
later on. The 2-Minute Rule isn’t about the results you achieve, but rather about
the_____38____ of actually doing the work. I canot guarantee whether or not the
2-Minute Rule will work for you. But, I can guarantee that it will never work if you never
try it.
The problem with most articles you read, podcasts you listen to, or videos you watch

is that you ____39___ the information but never put it into practice. I want this article
to be different. I want you to actually use this information, right now. What’s something
you can do that will take you less than two minutes? Do it right now. Anyone can
____40_____ the next 120 seconds. Use this time to get one thing done.
Go.

【答案】31-35 CIDFJ 36-40 GKBEH




A. demanding B. addiction C. quarreling D. feedback E. socializing
F. distinction G. wrongly H. escape I. originally J. blame K. responsibility


How many times have parents had to argue with their young son or daughter about
getting their face out of their phone and focusing on the world around them? It’s
completely normal for parents of growing children to be concerned about their child’s
safety，but is their 31 to social media really harming them?
Social media was created to connect people with others online and has recently been
added to smartphones，making it far more accessible than it 32 was．This new way
to easily be able to use social media has encouraged children and teens to begin to use
sites such as Facebook，Twitter，and Instagram frequently．Maturing teens and children
are usually very timid when it comes to 33 with their families，which they
sometimes view as“annoying”．So，what do these kids use as a solution or
a(n)“ 34 ”?The answer is simple:social media．
However，when they use social media for a large amount of time，parents tend to
show concern for their child and blame social media for 35 their attention．
The word，“social”，was entered into the term，social media，for a reason．Parents
of growing teens don’t seem to understand that．When they see their child using Twitter
or Instagram they think that they are using it to get away from real world 36 ．The
truth，however，is that they are using it to connect with their close friends，make new

friends，and receive information about what is currently happening in the modern world．
Children and teens are 37 accused for using social media only for
entertainment purposes and for huge amounts of time．Sure everyone who uses social
media enjoys contacting their friends and viewing entertaining things，but how come
children receive all of the 38 for abusing it? Parents should really think about how
social media can help children and teens learn and grow in the real world rather than it
just being another 39 .
Social media as a whole has both positive and negative aspects，but after all of the
40 from pre- teens，teens，and parents is put together，it shows that media is actually
helping the newer generations in their lives．

31. B


A. shamed B. consequently C. criticism D. scarce E. authorities
F. struggled G. original H. practical I. luxury J. blanketed K. assume

William Shakespeare came from a modest start(起步小), but finished life living in a(n)
___31___ house in Stratford-upon-Avon, with a coat of arms (盾形徽章)and a series of
business investments to his name.
So was William Shakespeare a businessman, as well as a writer?
Researchers have uncovered information from historical documents that point to
Shakespeare being a greedy businessman, anxious to grab every penny whose practices
caused ___32___in his lifetime.
The academics believe that many of Shakespeare’s doubtful business dealings have
been ___33___ by people’s romantic view of him as a creative genius who made his
money through acting and writing plays. The idea that Shakespeare gave the world such
wonderful narratives, language and entertainment makes it uncomfortable to even
___34___ that he was simply motivated by his own thirst for financial interest.
Shakespeare was a grain businessman almost for his life time. He bought and
stored grain and then sold it on to his neighbors at high prices.
In the late 16th and early 17th Century a bad weather gripped England. The cold and
32. I 33. E 34. H 35. A 36. K 37. G 38. J 39. F 40. D

rain resulted in poor harvests and ___35___severe lack of food. Referred to as the ‘Little
Ice Age’, the period was the time when thousands of people ___36___ for
that time, Shakespeare was under investigation for tax evasion(逃避) and later charged
with storing grain when food was ___37___.
One could argue that he did not do this without a conscience and that perhaps this is
demonstrated in the way he portrayed one of his famous character Shylock in his play the
Merchant of Venice. Many people claim Shylock personifies Shakespeare’s own
self-hatred, who is eventually ___38___ for his greed as a money lender and all that he
owns is seized from him. Perhaps with the ___39___ pursuing Shakespeare for his evil
dealings during Little Ice Age, Shylock’s tragic fate was a real fear for Shakespeare.
Shakespeare’s ___40___ funeral monument at Holy Trinity Church was a bag of
grain which implied that he prided himself on his role as a grain businessman as well as
on his writing. It was not until the 18th century that the bag of grain was replaced by a
pillow.

【答案】31-35 ICJKB 36-40 FDAEG


A. established B. cultural C. freely D. introduce E. official F. release
G. extremely H. attraction I. drew J. unexpectedly K. mystery

A large-scale cultural exploration program National Treasure 《国家宝藏》 made its
first show on CCTV on Sunday night. In the first episode, the Palace Museum in Beijing
showcased three treasures.
As a (31) ________ variety show, the National Treasure aims to showcase the
background stories of national treasures and (32)______ various art forms. In the show,
“national treasure keepers” acted by famous and common people will present treasures,
telling their stories with the collections and interpreting the historical (33)______. The
show aims to inspire the ancient Chinese civilization and make the national treasures
“come alive”.
This is not the first time for the Palace Museum in Beijing to be (34)______ welcomed online in
China, thanks to its efforts in cultural products and self- promotion in recent years.
Last year, the museum (35)______ so much attention because of the huge success of the
three-episode TV documentary, Masters in the Forbidden City and a movie with the same name. Over
the last few years, the museum has (36)______ 405 signposts and 1,400 new chairs have been provided.
In addition, the Palace Museum opened a(an) (37)______ online store on e-commerce platform

Taobao, selling related products. It also started their self-promotion through new media, publishing
articles to promote the culture of the museum. It (38)______ swept the Internet by its humorous style
and interesting content. At the same time, the Palace Museum has published several mobile apps, one of
which saw over 200,000 downloads just two weeks after its (39)______ in 2013. Its self-promotion has
achieved great results. In 2012, the museum saw 15 million visitors. And it received 16 million visitors
last year.
The museum is also a popular (40)______ among foreign leaders. For example, US President
Donald Trump and his wife visited the Palace Museum on Nov 8.
【答案】31. B 32. D 33.K 34.G 35. I 36. A

A. accommodatio
n
G. ingredients
B. annual
H. precisel
y
37. E 38.J 39.F 40. H
C. declin
e
I. ranke
d
D. destinatio
n
E. diners
F. hoste
d

K. talente
J. remote
d
World’s Best Restaurant
The Black Swan, a rural pub in England has been named “the world’s best
restaurant” by TripAdvisor. After scoring up positive feedback, the review website 31
the pub over fine dining establishments from New York to Paris in its 32 Travelers'
Choice awards.
So what’s it got going for it?
Firstly, this isn’t some backwater pub enjoying in insignificance. Tommy Banks, a(n)
33 young cook, is already a TV regular in the UK and has had a Michelin star to his
name since becoming the youngest receiver ever in 2013 at the age of 24. Secondly, it's
not really a pub anymore. Like many rural UK pubs, the Black Swan had been in 34
for many years before 2006, when Banks' family took over. After their attempts to run it
as a pub struggled, they decided to make it a dining 35 .
It now operates as both restaurant and fashionable 36 , offering food-and-stay
packages that help draw customers to its truly 37 location. It's usually booked up
well in advance with 38 coming from near and far. During CNN's visit, neighboring
tables included a couple on an overnight break from their kids. Another 39 two of
the Banks brothers' old school teachers, on a trip up from York— 40 the kind of
crowd that have helped lift the Black Swan to TripAdvisor glory.
【答案】31-35




IBKCD 36-40 AJEFH

A. defense B. avoid C. believing D. mistake E. required F.
critical
G. cheating H. ashamed I. identify J. confirm K. similar
We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process
has been cut down by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can
learn from our 31 , by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways
to avoid 32 problems in the future.
Making ethical（伦理的）decisions is a(n) 33 part of avoiding future problems.
We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can’t see the risks we’re taking, we can’t
make responsible choices. To 34 risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the
facts. For example, one who doesn’t know the rules about plagiarism (剽窃) may
accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep
careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as 35 . But
the fact that such a violation is “unintentional” does not excuse the misconduct.
Ignorance is not a 36 .
Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool
themselves about the risks they’re taking by using excuses: “Everyone else does it,” “I’m
not hurting anyone,” or “I really need this grade.” Excuses can get very complex: “I know
I’m looking at another’s exam, even though I’m supposed to keep my eyes on my own
paper, but that’s not 37 because I’m just checking my answers, not copying.” We
must be honest about our actions, and 38 excuses. If we fool ourselves into 39
we’re not doing anything wrong, we can’t see the real choice we’re making--and that leads
to bad decisions.
To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would
feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would
you feel proud or 40 of your actions? If you’d rather hide your actions, that’s a good
indication that you’re taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.

【答案】31. D 32. K 33. F 34. I 35. E 36. A 37. G 38. B 39. C 40. H


A. impressive B. movements C. eventually D. extreme E. comparison
F. reverse G. unloved H. partnership I. absolutely J. mask K. applied

There’s nothing more annoying than settling down to sleep and hearing the sound of a

mosquito buzzing around you.
The only thought most of us ever give to this noise is “I need to get rid of this insect,
immediately”, but it turns out that the mosquito is actually quite a(n) 31 creature.
A term of scientists from Oxford University in the UK, in 32 with the Royal
Veterinary College in London and Chiba University in Japan, recently published a study
that found some interesting facts about the world’s most 33 insect,
By placing eight cameras inside a tiny film studio, the scientists could study several
mosquitoes up close. The high-tech cameras filmed the insects at 1,000 frames per
second, meaning the scientists were able to study the insects’ 34 in
never-before-seen detail. However, it wasn’t always straightforward.
“Recording mosquitoes during free-flight represented a huge technical challenge due
to their small size, 35 wing beat frequency, and the presence of large antennae and
legs that can
36 the view of their wings,” Simon Walker of Oxford University, co-author of the
study, wrote.
Published in the journal Nature, the study found that mosquitoes flap their wings
around 800 times a second. As a 37 , house flies flap their wings about 200 times a
second, and hummingbirds 50 times a second.
Richard Bomphrey of the Royal Veterinary College, the study’s leader, believes that
mosquitoes have a unique flying method that sets them apart from other flying insects.
“We predicted that they must make use of clever tricks, as the wings 38 their
direction at the end of each half-stroke,” he wrote in the study.
Hopefully, the discovery of the mosquito’s special abilities will be of benefit to
engineers in the future. The findings could lead to better aircraft, or even improvement to
tools like lenses or pumps.
But the scientists hope their study can one day be 39 to new developments in
more human-focused use.
“The more we know about mosquitoes, the better our chance of understanding their
flight behavior, how they carry disease and 40 how to stop them from doing so,”
Walker wrote.
答案：31.A; 32.H; 33.G; 34.B; 35.D; 36.J; 37.E; 38.F; 39. K 40.C



A. model
G. price
B. competitive C. inserting
H. mirroring I. branching
D. pickup
J. virtual
E. original
K. buying
F. mission

Company Builds World’s First Automobile Vending Machine (自动贩卖机)
Thanks to used-car website Carvana, it is now possible to buy your own set of wheels
at the touch of a button, from the world’s first and only coin-operated car vending
machine in Nashville, Tennessee. It’s quick, easy, and not cheap, but cheaper than buying
a car the old way.
The company has been working on the concept for the past two years. Their 31
car vending machine was installed in Atlanta in 2013. But they’ve spent time improving
the design, in order to take user experience to the next level. “Our new Vending Machine
is a state-of-the-art, multi- story structure that delivers our customers’ cars by merely
32 a special coin,” said Carvana CEO Ernie Garcia.
The machine consists of a five-story glass tower that can hold up to 20 cars at a time.
The tower basically serves as a(n) 33 point for used cars that customers purchase
through the website, enabling 34 pricing and eliminating delivery costs.
Customers can access a long list of specifications, ratings, reviews, and lots of other
details about the cars they’re interested in on the Carvana website. They even get 35
tours that point out every scratch on the body of the car. Once the car is chosen and paid
for, the company usually delivers the car to the customer for a seven-day trial period. This
usually means the delivery costs are worked into the 36 of the vehicle.
But with the Vending Machine, customers are able to go to pick up their cars straight
away. It’s a win-win 37 that allows Carvana to cut down on staff and overhead (间接
费用), and save customers about $$2,000 as well. According to the company, it also
makes for a great 38 experience – placing an oversized coin in a slot (硬币投币口)
and watching their car roll down automatically.
“Carvana’s 39 is to create a better way to buy a car, and this new Vending Machine
will be a one-of-a- kind experience, 40 just how simple and easy we’ve made it to
buy a car online,” Garcia said. He added the company plans to build more car vending
machines in the future.

【答案】31. E 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. J 36. G 37. A 38. K 39. F40. H


A. analysis B. usually C. assures D. pours E. development F. necessary
G. cloudy H. absent I. cultivate J. allow K. extremely

He is kindly

The other evening at a dancing club a young man introduced me to Mr. and Mrs. F.
Scott Fitzgerald, and Scott seemed to have changed a lot from the first time I met him at
Princeton, when he was an eager undergraduate trying his best to __31__ himself into a
great author. He is still trying hard to be a great author. He is at work now on a novel
which his wife __32__ me is far better than This Side of Paradise, but like most of our
younger novelists he finds it __33__ to produce a certain number of short stories to
make the wheels go around. That The Vegetable, his play, did not receive a Manhattan
presentation seems to have disappointed rather than discouraged him. He is still __34__
light-hearted.
I have always considered him the most brilliant of our younger novelists. Not one of
them can tough his style, nor the superb quality of his satire(讽刺). He has yet to put
them in a novel with carefulness of conception and __35__ of character. He can become
almost any kind of writer that his peculiarly restless character will __36__.
Born in St. Paul, he attended Princeton, served in the Army, wrote his first novel in a
training camp, achieved fame and fortune, married a Southern girl, has a child and lives
in New York. At heart, he is one of the kindliest of the younger writers. Artistry means a
great deal to F. Scott Fizgerald, and into his own best work he __37__ great efforts. He
demands this in the work of others, and when he does not find it he criticizes with
passionate earnestness. I have known him, after reading a young fellow-novelist’s book,
to take what must have been hours of time to write him a lengthy, careful __38__.
Just what he will write in the future remains __39__. With a firmer reputation than
that of the other young people, he yet seems to me to have achieved rather less than
Robert Nathan and rather more than Stephen Vincent Benet, Cyril Hume. His coming
novel should mean a definite prediction for future work. It is to be hoped that from it will
be __40__ the seemingly unavoidable modern girls.
【答案】31.I 32.C 33.F 34.K 35.E 36.J 37.D 38.A 39.G 40.H
【分析】
31.根据句子成分分析可知，此处应填动词原形，表示把他自己培养成一个伟大的作家。
3 2.根据句子成分分析，此处应填谓语动词三单形式，表示他现在正在写一个他妻子保证是
比This Side of Paradise还要好的作品 。
33.此处应填形容词，根据形式宾语的句型，表示他认为很有必要去创作一系列短篇小说。
34. 此处应填副词来修饰后面的形容词，表示他仍然是无忧无虑的。

35. 此处考查名词，可以根据并列连词判断出来，表示人物的发展。
36.此处缺乏谓语动词原形，表示他可以成为任何作家他焦躁不安的任务允许的。
37. 此处缺乏谓语动词三单形式，句型运用了全部倒装，表示他把所有的努力都倾注在他最
好的作品中。
38. 此处缺乏名词，表示书写长的，仔细的分析。
39. 此处考察形容词，表示他未来要写什么还是不清楚的。
40.此处缺乏形容词，根据句型，全部倒装，考查固定搭配be absent from。







A. spare B. removed C. reminding D. addressed E. posting F.
viral
G. approved H. scheme I. permit J. implement K. promotional

Swiss village bans tourists from taking photos because it's too beautiful
Located in the Swiss Alps, near the famous resort of St. Moritz, the commune of
BergünBravuogn is one of the most beautiful mountain villages in Europe. So
beautiful, in fact, that photos of it shared on social media may make people feel
depressed that they can’t visit, so local authorities banned tourist from taking photos.
It may sound like a joke, but it’s actually a new law adopted by the Bergün
village council and （1） by its mayor. And yes, their justification for the
photo ban is that photos of their beautiful home with the stunning mountain peaks in
the background could make people seeing them on social media jealous and
depressed. To deter visitors from taking photos in Bergün, they plan to （2）
a symbolic €5 fine for those caught breaking the new rules.
According to a statement by the Bergün tourism authority, “It is scientifically
proven that beautiful holiday photos on social media make the viewer unhappy
because they cannot be there themselves.”

However, it seems unlikely that Bergün’s new law was really thought up as a way
to（3） Facebook or Instagram users of the depressing experience of seeing the
beauty of the village. As the news went（4） online, many speculated that it
was actually a clever marketing（5） , a theory that was at least partially
confirmed by the village’s director of tourism, Marc-Andrea Barandun.
“In the background of course the idea is that everyone is talking about Bergün,”
he told The Local. “So it’s a combination of both – we made the law and also there’s
some marketing aim behind it.” Barandun added that it is unlikely that anyone will
actually be fined from taking a photo in the village.
To show that they were serious about the law, Bergün authorities（6）
photos of the village from its Facebook and Twitter accounts, and have declared their
intention to remove them from the Bergün website ，too.
If the new law is just a（7） strategy, it actually worked wonders, as
people started（8） more photos of the beautiful mountain village soon after
news of the photo ban started making news headlines.
A few days ago, Mayor Nicolay （9） the controversial photo ban in a
promotional video, where he offers people visiting Bergün a special（10） to
take photos. He cautions them to think twice before sharing the pics online, though,
as they could be making their friends depressed.

【答案】1-5: GJAFH 6-10: BKEDI
【分析】
1. 考察过去分词做后置定语。该空为修饰law的后置定语，句式上于 “adapted by”并列，
再根据句意“被它的市长批准”，可知答案为G approved.
2. 考察to do 不定式做宾语。plan to do,选择动词原形，再根据句意 “实施，执行5美元
的罚款”，可推断答案为J implement
3. 考察to do不定式做后置定语。贝尔京的新法规似乎并不是单纯为了照顾脸书或
Instagram用户的感受
4. 考察固定搭配。go viral为病毒般传播。学生不知此用法，则该空比较难选出
5. 考察名词。根据文意，市场计划，市场政策，故选择H scheme

6. 考察动词。谓语动词，根据句式 “and declared ---” 的提示，可判断填动词过去式，再
根据文意，移除照片，故选择B removed
7. 考察形容词。根据文意，促销战略。故选K promotional. Promote的单词衍生，注意
词汇之间的联想
8. 考察动名词做宾语。Start doing,再根据文意，开始上传更多照片
9. 考察动词。根据句式，缺乏谓语动词，且为过去式，再结合文意，
10. 考察名词。根据文意，特别的允许，故选I permit




A. shock
G. claimed
B. guesses
H. prospect
C. secondary
I. influential

Bob Dylan Wins a Nobel Prize in Literature
Bob Dylan has won the 2016 Nobel Prize in literature. The productive musician is the
first Nobel winner to have followed a career primarily as a singer-songwriter. What’s
more, he’s also the first American to have won the prize in more than two decades. Not
since novelist Toni Morrison won in 1993 has an American 31 the prize.
Dylan earned the prize “for having 32 new poetic expressions within the great
American song tradition,” according to the statement by the Swedish Academy, the
committee that annually decides the winner of the Nobel Prize. The academy’s permanent
secretary, Sara Danius, announced the news Thursday.
The win comes as something of a(n) 33 . As usual, the Swedish Academy did not
announce a shortlist of nominees (被提名者), leaving the betting markets to their best
34 . And while Dylan has enjoyed favor as an outside shot for the award, the 35
that the musician would be the one to break the Americans’ long dry period was regarded
as unlikely—especially because he made his career mainly on the stage, not the 36
page.
Yet few would argue Dylan has been anything but 37 , both in the U.S. and
beyond its borders. The productive singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist has
produced dozens of albums. Dylan, who was born Robert Allen Zimmerman in 1941, “has
the status of an idol (偶像),” the Swedish Academy wrote. “His influence on
contemporary music is significant, and he is the object of a steady stream of 38
literature.”
D. tracks
J. recognized
E. detailed
K. created
F. printed

In an interview following the announcement, Danius 39 the Swedish
Academy’s decision: “He is a great poet in the English-speaking tradition, and he is a
wonderful sampler—a very original sampler,” Danius explained. “For 54 years now he has
been at it and reinventing himself, constantly creating a new identity.”
And for his work, he has been 40 by critical community. Dylan has won
Grammys, an Academy Award, a Golden Globe and a Medal of Freedom, the highest
civilian honor in the U.S. Now, to the honors Dylan has added a Nobel.

【答案】31. G 32. K 33. A 34. B 35. H 36. F 37. I 38. C 39. E 40. J



A. branch B. department C. appropriate D. expansion E. withdrew F. dominated
G. licensed H. contract I. considerable J. brands K. breakthrough

Foreign Giants Target Chinese Milk Market
European dairy products giant Arla Foods has chosen a leading Chinese milk
manufacture as a business partner for its (31) in China – a clear sign that
overseas companies are starting to cultivate huge China’s dairy market by tying up with
local players.
Arla signed the cooperation (32) , which comes into effect this month, with
Mengniu Dairy at the end of August to set up a milk-powder joint venture in Hohhot,
capital of North China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The deal between Arle
Foods and Mengniu can be seen as a new (33) for Multinational’s re-entry into
the sector.
Many foreign giants have found it difficult to create (34) profits in domestic
milk market, especially the liquid-milk sector, which is followed closely by price wars and
dominated by local (35) ---companies like Danone, Kraft and Friesland Coberco
have quitted dairy production in China.
A few have been successful ---Nestle, Inter, Bristo-Myers Squibb and Wyeth have (36)
the high- end milk-formula market in China.
“We will watch the market closely and re-invest here in a(n) (37) time,” an
official of the Dutch firm Friesland said when it (38) its investment in its
Tianjin joint venture last year after eight years.
The company has (39) its Chinese partner to continue using its Dutch lady
brand and also sells its imported Friso infant foods, Dutch Lady milk powder and Dutch
lady Calcimex in the Chinese market through its (40) company in Hong Kong.

【答案】31. D 32. H 33. K 34. I 35. J 36. F 37. C 38. E 39. G 40. A



A. adapted B. harder C. alternatives D. features E. cooperation F.
questions
G. accuracy H. captured I. regardless J. opposite K. analyzing

Computer reads brain activity to find out the music each person is listening
to
In the experiment, six volunteers heard 40 pieces of classical music, rock, pop, jazz, and
others. The Neural（神经的）fingerprint of each song on participants’ brain was ___31___
by the Magnetic Resonance（MR）machine while a computer was learning to identify the
brain patterns drawn out by each musical piece. Musical ___32___ such as tone, volume,
rhythm and beat were taken in account by the computer.
After that, researchers expected that the computer would be able to do the ___33___
way: identify which song participants were listening to, based on their brain activity –a
technique known as brain decoding. When faced two options, the computer showed up to
85% ___34___ in identifying the correct song, which is a great performance, comparing
to previous studies.
Researchers then pushed the test even ___35___ by providing not two but 10 options
（e.g. one correct and nine wrong）to the computer. In this situation, the computer
correctly identified the song in 74% of the decisions.
In the future, studies on brain decoding and machine learning will create possibilities
of communication ___36___ any kind of written or spoken language.“Machines will be
able to translate our musical thoughts into songs,” says Sebastian Hoefle, researcher from
D’Or Institute and PhD student from Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The
study is a result of a ___37___ between Brazilian researchers and colleagues from
Germany, Finland and India.
According to Hoefle, brain decoding researches provide ___38___ to understand
neural functioning and interact with it using artificial intelligence. In the future, he
experts to find answers for ___39___ like“what musical characteristics make some
people love a song while others don’t? Is our brain ___40___ to prefer a specific kind of
music?”

【答案】31. H 32. D 33. J 34. G 35. B 36. I 37. E 38. C 39. F 40. A



A .analyzing B. maintain C. designed D. covered E. capable F.
figures
G. recently H. weighing I. undoubtedly J. release K. posts

Robots Writing Newspapers
Whether it's robots working as hotel receptionists or artificial intelligence creating
poetry, it's becoming more and more common to read about technology doing the jobs of
humans. And now,it seems that software is even 31 of writing news stories-such
as the very one you're reading.
BBC News 32 reported that the Press Association (PA), a UK news service, has
created a computer program that's competent to create articles that are almost
impossible to tell apart from those written by human journalists. Called
journalism” by BBC News, such
software 33 thousands of news stories written by humans. The PA's
software is already so advanced that many UK newspapers and websites publish articles
created by it.
According to the Reuters Institute of Journalism,many publishers are using
robo- journalism to 34 interesting information quickly, from election results to official
35 on social example, US news organization The Washington Post
has its own robo-journalism software, Heliograf.
According to each website Digiday, Heliograf
well as hundreds of social media 36 . So what does this mean for regular journalists?
naturally cautious about any technology that could replace human beings.
Fredrick Kunkle,“Washington Post reporter, told Wired. this technology seems to
have taken over only some of the work that nobody else wants to do.
Indeed, it appears that robo-journalism software is 37 to help humans, rather
than take away their jobs.

are talking about, checking The Washington Post to see if that story is being 38 , and,
if not, alerting editors or just writing the piece itself, Wired reporter Joe Keoha wrote.
However, Joshua Benton at Harvard University's Nieman Journalism Lab believes
that while robo-journalism is 39 going to become more present in newsrooms,
nothing can replace traditional human creativity.
journalism is not just a matter of inputs and outputs, it is a craft that has

developed over decades,
really difficult part of what professional journalists do-carefully 40
information and presenting balanced, contextualized(全景式的)stories-will be very hard
for machines to master.
【答案】EGAJF KCDIH



A. dangerous B. measured C. continuous D. peaked E. explosion F. classified
G. confusion H. religious I. effort J. launched K. attached

Parents have been concerned about their kid’ use of technology since the dawn of
technology - or at least since the invention of the transistor radio in the 1950s. Today,
technology is everywhere, and kids are growing up __31__ to their smartphones, tablets
and laptops in ways that ’50s moms and dads could never have dreamed of. Parental
concern has grown along with tech __32__. But now, even those in the industry are
wondering if technology has taken a truly __33__ hold on all of us —and especially
children.
No less than Melinda Gates, wife of Microsoft founder Bill Gates, wrote an editorial
in the Washington Post last summer expressing regret for the Pandora’s Box, she and her
husband helped open. “ I spent my career in technology. I wasn’t prepared for its effect on
my kids,” she wrote. “Phones and apps aren’t good or bad by themselves, but for
adolescents who don’t yet have the emotional tools to deal with life’s complication and
__34__, they can add to the difficulties of growing up.”
A study, which came out this year, looked at yearly survey of 8th, 10th and 12th
graders in the U.S. between 1991-2016, and __35__ markers of psychological well-being,
such as self-esteem, life satisfaction and happiness. It found that such well-being
suddenly decreased after 2012—just at the time that the use of smartphone and social
media __36__. There was a direct correlation between the amount of time spent on
electronics and happiness. Happiness was highest among kids who participated in sports,
followed by in-person socializing and __37__ lowest? Online computer
games— the abuse of which has recently been __38__ a recognized mental health
disorder by the World Health Organization—and social media.
Early this year, big players formerly of tech companies such as Google and Facebook
created the Center for Humane Technology and, in partnership with the nonprofit
organization Common Sense Media, __39__ a full media and advertising attack on the
very industry they had a hand in building. Their initiative, the Truth about Tech, is

pouring millions of dollars into a(n)__40__ to warn parents, teachers and students that
the technology they use is in fact engineered to addict then.

【答案】31-35 KEAGB 36-40 DHFJI

31. attached 贴上，系，附上 v. ；与to连用构成词组 attached...to依附于，归属于，孩
子们的成长离不开智能手机，平板和笔记本电脑
32. explosion 爆炸n.；这里与tech连用构成词组tech explosion信息技术爆炸，家长的担
忧随着技术爆炸时代的来临而日益增加
33. dangerous 危险的 adj.；hold为名词，掌握，控制，需要用形容词来修饰。前文but now
这里有转折，根据原文意思选择dangerous
ion 混乱，困惑 n.；a nd做连接词表并列结构，前文是complication复杂，名词
形式，故此处并列也要选择名词 。根据文章意思选confusion，青少年还没有能力用恰当的
情感去解决生活中的复杂和困惑
ed测量，判断，引用 v.；段首出现了study据研究，另外后文出现了looked，
故此处也选择ed形式的动词，根据文章意思选择measured，对于研究的各个方面的一个
考量， 实测
达到巅峰 v.；前文 just at the time表明了一个时间节点，the use of...后面需要
一个动词，“在这个时间达到巅峰”，符合原文意思和逻辑
ous宗教的，虔诚的 adj.；这里又出现了and，表示并列结构，这里service是名词，
需要形容词来修饰与in-person socializing对应，剩下的词里只有religious符合原文意思
fied 分类为 v.；been done所以需要选择动词+ed的形式，根据原文意思选择
classified， 被世卫组织分类为一种心理健康紊乱
ed 发起v.；后文出现了attack，launched a attack固定搭配

努力，成就 n.；pour sth into an effort，结构同put sth into an effort，表示实行，
生效


A. alarming B. properties C. revealed D. invasive E. rescue F. instrumental
G. households H. document I. concerned J. amateur K. initiatives

Before science became professionalized in the 19th century, __(31)__ naturalists
were collecting information and helping us understand the natural world. A 2009 study
found that nearly 50% of UK __(32)__ feed wild birds. The National Trust has more than
5 million members, and 60,000 active volunteers helping to protect the countryside as
well as historic __(33)__. Now, with our environment arguably under greater threat than
ever and species declining at a(n) __(34)__ rate, volunteers are once again at the
forefront of efforts to limit the damage.
Volunteers and enthusiasts can be powerful drivers for big changes. On the Isle of
Man, more than 8,000 people (nearly 10% of the population) are involved in regular
weekend beach cleans. At one recent event, 123 volunteers turned up and removed 183
bags of litter in just a couple of hours. Thanks to __(35)__ such as this, the island shares
Unesco biosphere reserve status with the Galápagos, Yellowstone in the US, Uluru in
Australia, and hundreds of other sites.
Recreational divers are making a real difference underwater too. They monitor the
spread of __(36)__ species, and record how native species respond. Divers also
__(37)__ levels of marine litter and other human impacts. Volunteer divers have played
an important role in collecting information about marine conservation zones. Volunteers
have also made a vital contribution to the conservation of basking sharks. The work of a
citizen science Basking Shark Project in the 1980s and 90s was __(38)__ in getting these
sharks on the protected species list in the UK, while satellite tagging __(39)__ the first
recorded transatlantic crossing by a basking shark.
Volunteers and enthusiasts can be powerful drivers for big changes. No one can
know better, or care more about, our most special places than the people who live in them
and give up their free time to look after them. As a group of divers and __(40)__
residents who lived on the shores of the bay, they took their campaign on to national and
international stages and continue to inspire people who might otherwise feel powerless
when faced with threats to the places that matter to them.


A. evidence B. significantly C. completely D. effective E. remove F. applicable

G. beneficial H. environment I. assess J. influence K. purify

Can Indoor Plants Really Purify the Air?
Plants are very important to human life. Through photosynthesis (光合作用), they
transform carbon dioxide into fresh oxygen. They are said to (31) ________ toxins from
the air we breathe—but is this true?
One famous NASA experiment, published in 1989, found that indoor plants can clean
the air by removing cancer-causing pollutants like formaldehyde (甲醛) and benzene (苯).
Later research has found that soil micro-organisms (微生物) in potted plants also play a
part in cleaning indoor air.
Based on this research, some scientists say house plants are (32) _________ air
purifiers, and the bigger and leafier the plant, the better. “The amount of leaf surface area
can (33) ________the rate of air purification,” says Bill Wolverton, a former NASA
research scientist who conducted that 1989 plant study.
Other experts, however, say the (34) ________that plants can effectively
accomplish this feat (功绩) is far from conclusive (毫无疑问的).
“There are no definitive studies to show that having indoor plants can (35)
________increase the air quality in your home,” says Luz Claudio, a professor of
environmental medicine and public health at the Icahn School of Medicine Sinai. There’s
no question that plants are capable of removing volatile (易挥发的) chemical toxins from
the air “under laboratory conditions”, according to Claudio. But in the real world—in your
home or in your office space—the notion that putting a few plants together can (36)
________ your air doesn’t have much hard science to back it up.
Most research efforts to date, including the NASA study, placed indoor plants in
small, scaled environments in order to (37) ________ how much air-purifying power
they have. But those studies aren’t really (38) ________ to what happen in a house, says
Stanley Kays, a professor of horticulture (园艺学) at the University of Georgia.
In many cases, the air in your home (39) ________ turns over—that is, exchanges
places with outdoor air—once every hour. “In most instances, air exchange with the
outside has a far greater effect on indoor air quality than plants,” Kays says.
Many people may be disappointed by what Kays said, but the professor also made it
clear that he believes house plants are (40) ________ —they are not only pleasant living
companions, but also provide a number of health benefits. Studies have shown plants can
knock out stress by claiming the sympathetic nervous system (交感神经系统), and can

also make people feel happier. More research shows spending time around nature has a
positive effect on person’s mood and energy levels.

【答案】31.E 32.D 33.J 34.A 35.B 36.K 37. I 38.F 39.C 40.G