2020届高考英语二轮复习 疯狂专练三 词性转化及词性变化单句填空 语法填空
教师党员个人总结-忘不了的笑声作文
疯狂专练三 词性转化及词性变化单句填空 语法填空
技巧点拨
当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时,就需要词类转化。我们可据
以下3条规则顺利解题:
(1)作主语或宾语用名词形式;(2)作定语、表语或补足语用形容词形
式;(3)修饰动
词、形容词或另一副词,作状语,用副词形式。具体解题技巧如下:
第一步
:分析结构,确定要填的词在句中充当哪种句子成分。在名词前作定语、在
系动词后作表语、作主语和宾
语的补足语,一般要用形容词;修饰动词、形
容词或副词,或修饰整个句子,作状语,用副词;作主语或
宾语用名词,或
者在冠词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格后,用名词。
第二步:根据构词法将括号中的词变成所需要的词类。
注意:
1.
有时不但要注意词性转换,而且还要考虑用表示相反意义的前缀或后缀,其逻辑
意义才通顺;
2. 当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时,无需改变词性,就可能是加只改
变词义但
不改变词性的前缀了。
常考考点
形容词→副词
形容词→形容词比较级最高级
形容词→名词
形容词→动词
动词→名词
wide→widely
wide→widerwidest
wide→width
wide→ widen
instruct →
instruction (s)
happy →happily, simple
→simply,
true →truly, arrange
特殊变性
→arrangement,
judge →judgment
小题狂练
1.【2020·全国 II卷】Her years of hard work
have _____(final)been
acknowledged after a
customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's
Woman Of The Year.
2【2020·全国卷I】It is
difficult to figure out a global population of
polar bears
as much of the range has been
_____ (poor) studied.
3.【2020·全国卷I改编】It leads
to a ______ (believe) that populations are
increasing
4.【2020·浙江卷】Other American
studies showed no _____ (connect) between
uniforms and school performance.
5.【2020·浙江卷】School uniforms are _____
(tradition) in Britain, but some
schools are
starting to get rid of them.
6.【2020·全国卷I
I】According to the World Bank, China accounts for
about 30
percent of total _____ (globe)
fertilizer consumption.
7.【2020·全国卷III】I'm a
_____ (science) who studies animals such as apes
and
monkeys.
8.【2020·全国卷I】Running is
cheap, easy and it’s always (energy).
9.【2020·全国卷I I】This development was only
possible with the _____
(introduce) of
electric-powered engines and lifts.
10.【2020·浙江卷改编】When the children are walking
to school on dark
mornings, car drivers can
______ (easy) see them.
11. She took the job
for ______(variety)reasons.
12. It(eventual)
became China’s primary faith, more widespread than
the
original Chinese religions of Confucianism
and Taoism.
they were free from work,they
invited us to local events and let us
know of
an interesting ________(compete) to watch,together
with the story
behind it.
14. The obvious
one is money; eating out once or twice a week may
be(afford) but doing this most days adds up.
15. He explained that he tried to
________ (simple) the show and ensured the
piglet is unforgettable.
_______
(produce) made his fortune thanks to the young
peppa pig.
that you are able to take up arms
and protect your motherland,we
are
all________(pride)of you.
18. I suggest we
should find new ways to protect the
______(endanger)
animals.
19. In the course
of ______(evolve),some birds have lost the power
of flight.
20. In order to protect the
environment people shouldn’t destroy
______
(nature)balance.
直击考题
主题
空气污染的影响
字数
215字
建议用时
9分钟
passage1
体裁
议论文
The silent killer
— air pollution causes seven million premature
(过早的)
___1___ (death) a year, not just in
___2___ (develop) countries but also in UK
and
the USA as well. In China,people are well aware of
the health problems
it brings.
I check
every part every day. If it has heavy air
pollution, I will prepare
masks for my family.
I dislike ___3___ when the air is bad. Because bad
air
makes it difficult for me to
breathe and I think it does influence my ___4___
(perform) at work. A new research in China has
also found a link between air
quality and
levels of intelligence. In the study, 25,000
people living across
China __5___ (test) in
language and math skills last year. They found the
results of those ___6___ lived in more
polluted areas were ___7___ (negative)
impacted, especially in languages. It adds to
a growing body of evidence
that air pollution
has an effect not just on the lungs and heart
___8___ on the
brain.
This research shows
that the longer we are exposed to air pollution,
the
___9___ (many) problems we’re storing up
for later life. Campaigners hope
this study
will persuade the British government ___10___
(think) hard before
it publishes its clean air
strategy next year.
passage2
体裁
议论文
主题
手机与沟通
字数
200字
建议用时
9分钟
【晋冀鲁豫中原名校2020届高三第三次联考】Stand in line at any
grocery
store or sit in any hospital waiting
room, and you see people staring at their
phones, probably catching up on news or just
relieving their boredom. This
seems harmless
enough. But could being on our phones affect
our___1___(able) to connect with the people
around us?__2___new study
aimed to
answer that question.
Researcher Kostadin
Kushlev and his colleagues asked pairs of college
students,___3___were strangers to each
other___4___(come) into a small lab
waiting
room-either with orwithout their phones. They were
told that the
researchers were running a bit
late and theyneeded to wait. While waiting,
their faces were___5___(secret) videotaped.
Afterwards,
thestudents___6___(report) how
they felt and how much they interacted(互
动)with
the otherparticipants.
The researchers studied
videotapes of the faces of airs who
interacted,
___7___(measure) how often they
smiled. The___8___(result)?People with
phones
exhibited fewer smiles overall. They spent 30%
less of the time
smiling___9___people without
phones, signaling less interest in connecting
with others. What's more, thirty-two
participants with phones didn't interact
at
all in the waiting room. These findings show that
using phones in public
_____10_____(affect)
one's interaction with others. Consequently,cell
phones
should be used wisely.
passage3
体裁
说明文
主题
金庸的介绍
字数
173字
建议用时
8分钟
【江西省名校(临川一中、南昌二中)2020届高三5月联合考试】Louis Cha,
better known by his pen name Jin Yong,
was a Chinese wuxia novelist and
essayist,
___1___co-founded the Hong Kong daily newspaper
Ming Bao in
1959 and ___2___ (serve) as the
first editor-in-chief. He was Hong Kong’s
most
famous writer.
His wuxia novels have ___3___
widespread following in Chinese
communities
worldwide. His 15 works ___4___ (write) between
1955 and
1972 earned him a reputation as one
of the greatest and most popular
wuxia writers
ever. By the time of his ___5___ (die) he was the
best-selling
Chinese author, and over 100
million copies of his works have been sold
worldwide. His works have the unusual ability
___6___ (go) beyond
geographical and
ideological barriers separating Chinese
communities of
the world, achieving ___7___
(great) success than any other contemporary
writer.
Most of his works ____8____
(translate) into many languages so far,
including English, French, etc. Even the
asteroid (小行星) 10930 Jinyong
(1998 CR2) is
named ____9____ cannot thank him more for
____10____
he has done in novel literature.
答案与解析
小题狂练
1.【答案】
finally
【
解析】
考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知,此处应用副词形式作状语,修饰
谓语动词hav
e been acknowledged,意为“最终得以认可”,故填finally。
2.【答案】
poorly
【解析】
考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可
知,此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动
词has been
studied,意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。
3.【答案】
belief 【解析】
考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知,空格处为名词形
式,故填
belief。
4.【答案】
connectionconnections 【解析】
考查名词。句意:其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。no
是形容
词,形容词修饰名词,位于名词前,名词可用复数也可用单数形式。connect
是动词,“联系”的
意思,因此,要用其名词形式。故填connectionconnections。
5.【答案】
traditional
【解析】
考查形容词。句意:穿校服
在英国是一个传统,但是一些学校开始允许学
生上学不用穿校服。are是系动词,其后常用形容词作表
语,tradition是名词,“传
统”的意思,因此,用其形容词形式。故填traditiona
l。
6.【答案】
global
【解析】
考查词性转换。句意:中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer
consumption是名词短语,故应该用形容词修饰。故填global。
7.【答案】
scientist
【解析】
考查名词。根据语境可知,我是一名科学家。scientist科学家。
8.【答案】
energetic
【解析】
考查词形变化。跑步总是让人充
满活力的。根据it’s可知,系动词后用形
容词作表语。故填energetic。
9.【答案】
introduction
【解析】
考查词性转换。空格前是
the,后面应该是名词,故填名词introduction。
10.【答案】
easily
【解析】
考查副词。分析句式可知,设空处所
给词是修饰动词see,修饰动词要用
副词,因此,用easy的副词
形式。故填easily。
11.【答案】
various
【解析】考查形容词。句意:她由于种种原因接受了这份工作。修饰复数名词reasons
应用形容词,故
填various。
12.【答案】
eventually
【解
析】
考查副词。修饰动词became,应用副词形式,故填eventually。
13.【答案】
competition
【解析】
考查名词。句意:当他们没有工作的时候,他们邀请我们参加当地的活动,
让我们知道一个有趣的比赛,
以及它背后的故事。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格
后的不定式to
watch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填competition。
14.【答案】
affordable
【解析】
考查形容词。此处表示一周
一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的,系动词be后
用形容词作表语,表示“负担得起的”,
故填affordable。
15.【答案】
simplify
【解析】
考查词性转化。try to do
sth.“尝试做某事”后跟动词原形,故填动词
simplify。
16.【答案】
producer
【解析】
考查词性转化。句意:这位制作
人靠年轻的小猪佩奇发了财。做主语,表
示“制作人”,故填producer。
17.【答案】
proud
【解析】
考查形容词。句意:现在你们
能够拿起武器保卫祖国了,我们都为你们感
到骄傲。固定短语be proud of=take
pride in以……为自豪。故填proud。
18.【答案】
endangered
【解析】
考查形容词。句意:我建议我们应该寻找新的方法保护濒危动物。修饰名
词a
nimals应用形容词形式。endanger(使遭危险)的形容词为endangered,
意为
“濒危的”,符合句意。故填endangered。
19.【答案】
evolution
【解析】
考查名词。句意:在进化的过程中,一些鸟丧失了飞行能力。空格前o
f
为介词,空格后没有其他形式的宾语,所以空格处应用名词形式。evolve(进化)
的名
词形式为evolution,故填evolution。
20.【答案】
natural
【解析】
考查形容词。句意:为了保护环境,人们不应该破坏自然平衡。修饰名词
应用
形容词形式。nature(自然界,大自然)的形容词形式为natural(自然的)。
故填nat
ural。
直击考题
passage1
【答案】
1. deaths
tested
6. who 7.
negatively 8. but
【解析】
1.考查名词复
数。句意:无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡,
不仅在发展中国家,在英国和美国也是
如此。此处death“死亡的人数”,是可数
名词,结合句意可知此处用复数形式,故答案为deat
hs。
2.考查词性转化。句意参照上题解析。由“but”可知,此处是“发展中的”,
是
形容词作定语修饰后面的名词,故答案为developing。
9. more 10.
to think
2. developing 3. it 4.
performance 5. were
3.考查it用法。句意:我不喜欢
空气不好的时候。此处it是形式主语,when
引导的从句是真正的主语,故答案为it。
4.考查词性转化。句意:我认为这确实会影响我的工作表现。此处my是形容
词性物主代词,修饰名词
,故答案为performance。
5.考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意:在这项研究中,去年
对中国各地的2.5
万人进行了语言和数学技能测试。此处句子主语people,集体名词,和谓语动
词
test之间是一种被动关系,再根据last
year可知是发生在过去,所以句子用一般过
去时态的被动语态,故答案为were tested。
6.考查定语从句。句意:他们发现,那些生活在污染更严重地区的人受到了负
面影响,尤其是
在语言方面。此处those是先行词,指人,在后面的定语从句中作
主语,故答案为who。
7.考查词性转换。句意参照上题解析。此处impacted是动词,由副词修饰,
故答案为neg
atively。
8.考查固定搭配。句意:越来越多的证据表明,空气污染不仅会影响肺部和心脏,还会影响大脑。固定搭配:not
justonly…but(also)“不但……而且……”。
故答案为but。
9.考查
比较级。句意:这项研究表明,我们接触空气污染的时间越长,我们为
以后的生活积累的问题就越多。固
定结构:the+比较级,the+比较级“越……,
越……。”故答案为more。
10.
考查动词。句意:活动家希望这项研究能说服英国政府在明年公布其清洁空
气战略之前多
斟酌。固定搭配:persuade sb. to do
sth.“劝说某人做某事”。故
答案为to think。
passage2
【答案】
y
ed
s
2. A
3. who come ly
ing s
【解析】
1.考查词性转化。句意:但是使用手机会影响我们与周围的人交流的能力么?作动
词affect的宾语用名词,故填ability。
2.考查冠词。句意:一项新研究旨在
回答这个问题。study意为“研究”,为可数
名词,此处是第一次提到,用不定冠词表泛指,故填A
。
3.考查定语从句。句意:研究员Kostadin Kushlev和他的同事让几组互不相识的
大
学生进入一间小实验室的等候室,他们可以带手机,也可以不带手机,分析句子结
构可知,该
空引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词是pairs of
college
students,故填关系代词who。
4.考查动词。句意参考上题析,ask sb. to
do sth表示“让某人做某事”,故填to
come。
5.考查词性转化。句意:在等
待时,他们的脸被秘密地录了下来。修饰动词
videotaped用副词,故填secretly。
6.考查时态。句意:之后,学生们报告了他们的感觉以及与其他参与者的互动有多少。事情发生在过去,应该用一般过去时,故填reported。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意:
研究人员研究了互动的学生的面部表情录像,测量他们
微笑的频率。 researchers与mea
sure之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,用
现在分词作状语,故填measuring。
8.考查名词。句意:结果呢?总的来说,带手机的学生微笑次数更少。result为可
数名词,根
据随后的介绍可知,此处不止一个结果,故此处用可数名词复数形式.,故
填results。
9.考查介词。句意:他们微笑的时间比没带手机的学生少30%。根据“less”可知
此处填介词
than。
10.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这些发现表明,在公共场合使用手机会影响与他人的互动。主句的谓语动词“show”表明此处用一般现在时,动名词短语using
phones in public作主语,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填affects。
passage3
【答案】
1. who 2. served
6. to go
what
【解析】
1.考查非限定性定语从句。句意:查良镛,笔名金庸,中国武侠小说家、散文家。
3. a
4. written 5. death
7. greater 8.
have been translated 9. after 10.
1959年,他与人共同创办了香港日报《明报》,并担任首任主编。此处为非限定性
定语从句,先行
词为Louis Cha,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,故填who。
2.考查时态。句意参考上题解析,根据时间状语“in
1959”可知,此处使用一般过
去时,故填served。
3.考查冠词。句意:他的武侠
小说在世界各地的华人社区有着广泛的追随者。
following作名词时是可数名词,此处用不定冠
词表泛指,故填a。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:他从1955年到1972年创作的15部武侠作品
使他被誉
为有史以来最伟大、最受欢迎的武侠作家之一。works
与write之间是逻辑上的动
宾关系,表示被动,用过去分词作后置定语,故填written。 <
br>5.考查名词。句意:去世时,他是中国最畅销的作家。作介词of的宾语用名词,故
填deat
h。
6.考查不定式。句意:他作品具有不同寻常的能力,超越了分离世界华人社区的
地理和
意识形态的障碍,取得了比任何当代作家都大的成功。ability后接不定式作
定语,表示“……的
能力”,故填to go。
7.考查形容词比较级。句意参考上题解析,“than”表明此处用比较
级形式,故填
greater。
8.考查时态语态。句意:到目前为止,他的大部分作品已经被翻译成多种语言。“so
far”表明用现在完成时,works 与
translate之间是被动关系,所以用现在完成时
的被动语态,故填have been
translated。
9.考查固定搭配。句意:甚至小行星10930 金庸 (1998
CR2)是以他的名字命名的。
的
name after表示“以……命