不但而且造句-迟到检讨书

考研英语新题型解题思路例题讲解

1.


先看选项，了解每个选项的大致意思。

2.


再看空格处上下文语境，根据逻辑连贯性和具体的衔接词和内容据此推测
空格处的主要内容。（例如，b ecause句说原因，因此要找到相关的现象、
问题描述或衔接表述，如前面可能提到reasons 这样的字眼，并与because
句结合分析，推断上下文是否可以形成正确连贯的逻辑）

3.


在选项和空格上下重复出现的词汇、词组（包括变形和同义 替换）标注出
来，如上文提到machine，下文用such a device来复现。

4.


把指代性质的表述标注出来，如they, it, which, , what, that, those等，根据
上下文推测出具体指代对象，在这里设置题目的可能性很大。



这里以7选5题型为主进行讲解，排序题的思路是相似的，只是要从更宏观
的角度进 行掌握，把各段落的主要意思弄清楚，并根据段首段尾的关键信息进行
定位衔接。这里以2012
年考研英语真题的新题型
为例，把上述的思路和方法通
过直观的效果复现一下，大家自己多体 会思考，并尝试运用在自己的复习过程中。
（times new roman为文章部分，楷书为讲解部分）



Think of those fleeting moments when you look out of an aeroplane window and
realise that you are flying, higher than a bird. Now think of your laptop, thinner than
a brown-paper envelope, or your cellphone in the palm of your hand. Take a moment
or two to wonder at those marvels. You are the lucky inheritor of a dream come
true.(阐述当今世界科技发达的现状)

The second half of the 20th century

saw a collection of geniuses, warriors,
entrepreneurs and visionaries labour to create a fabulous machine that could function
as a typewriter and printing press, studio and theatre, paintbrush and gallery, piano
and radio, the mail as well as the mail carrier. (41) [C] Not only did they developsuch
a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed to embed it in a
worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day.



(第二段空格前描述有一群人创 造出了一种神话般无所不能的机器，接着在
第三段讲述了上段机器的其中一种——计算机，是第二段内容 的具体表现。同时
注意这两段中出现的时间信息。第二段The second half of the 20th century，
第三段the 21st century，而C选项中的the turn of the millennium（世纪
之交）符合上下文的时间顺序。)



同义替换与相关指代线索：

C选项句首的they对应a collection of geniuses, warriors, entrepreneurs
and visionaries labour。

such a device对应a fabulous machine，an amazing device，
machine

时间线索：The second half of the 20th century（20世纪下半叶）——the
turn of the millennium（世纪之交）——21st century's culture
machine（21世纪）



The networked computer is an amazing device, the first media machine that
serves as the mode of production, means of distribution, site of reception, and place of
praise and critique. The computer is the 21st century's culture machine.

But

for all the reasons there are to celebrate the computer, we must also act with
caution. (42) [D] This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret
warbetween downloading and uploading -- between passive consumption and active
creation -- whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin
to imagine. I call it a secret war for two reasons. First, most people do not realise that
there are strong commercial agendas at work to keep them
in passive consumptionmode. Second, the majority of people who use networked
computers to upload are not even aware of the significance of what they are doing.



(该段段首以bu t转折，提出与上段内容在逻辑上不顺接的观点，因此下文
需要对其作出解释。而在空格后出现了it指 代并说明it指的是secret war，
随后对其作出解释，说明在上文出现过这个名词。)



同义替换与相关指代线索：

D选项This指上一句我们需要谨慎面对计算机（act with caution）这一现象

because也是对这一现象的解释。

secret war即空格后的it和secret war。

uploading与末句的upload复现

passive consumption与倒数第二句的passive consumption复现



All animals download, but only a few upload. Beavers build dams and birds make
nests. Yet for the most part, the animal kingdom moves through the
world downloading. Humans are unique in their capacity to not only make tools but
then turn around and use them to create superfluous material goods -- paintings,
sculpture and architecture -- and superfluous experiences -- music, literature, religion
and philosophy. (43) [A] Of course, it is precisely these superfluous things that define
human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming
culture requires great skills, but failing to move beyond downloading is to strip
oneself of a defining constituent of humanity.

(空格段落前说到大部分动物消耗资料，而人类可以创造资源。“动物”这
一字眼在文章前都没有提及， 由此可知它不是文章的主题，此处出现的作用应该
是和人类的某种特性相比较，重点放在人类特性的身上 ，即“人类可以创造并利
用工作去……”。下一段首句for all（尽管）…still…含有转折 语气，因此
空格处的内容与下一段的逻辑关系不是顺接的。)



同义替换与相关指代线索：

A选项中的superfluous things对应上文的superfluous material goods和
superfluous experiences



两个downloading在上文和下段段首都有体现



For all

the possibilities of our new culture machines, most people are still stuck
in download mode. Even after the advent of widespread social media, a pyramid of
production remains, with a small number of people uploading material, a slightly
larger group commenting on or modifying that content, and a huge percentage
remaining content to just consume. (44) [F] One reason for the persistence of this
pyramid of production is that for the past half-century, much of the world's media
culture has been defined by a single medium -- television -- and television is defined
bydownloading.



（空格前在说很多人仍然停留 在下载模式，即生产的人少，下载的人多。下
一段只有独立的两句话，是对电视这一媒介的具体描述，没 有观点态度类的信息
出现，可见它是上一段内容的具体体现，因此空格处仍是对该段上述内容的进一步阐释。）



同义替换与相关指代线索：

F选项中的this pyramid of production指代上文中的a pyramid of
production，reason即对这一金字塔模式现象的解释。



两个television在下段段首有复现



television is defined by downloading中downloading与下段段首的
one-way tap是同义转述，通过逻辑推断可知。



Television

is a one-way tap flowing into our homes. The hardest task that
television asks of anyone is to turn the power off after he has turned it on.

(45) [G] The networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to reverse the
flow, to encourage thoughtful downloading and, even more importantly, meaningful
uploading.



（下段段首直接抛出一个全新的概念meaningful uploading，可推断上一段
有相关的描述。）

同义替换与相关指代线索：

G选项的meaningful uploading与下文meaningful uploading



What counts as meaningful uploading? My definition revolves around the
concept of