2016年山东高考-南京理工大学研究生院

精品文档


Unit 3 – Section A
Language Focus – Words in Use

1. Ernest Hemingway's keen insight into his society, ardent love for people and perceptive
abilities helped him to form his own (peculiar) characteristic of writing.
2. The project is on the point of collapse, and unless something very (radical) is done to repair
the damage there will be no hope for the project.
3. It's not unusual for teenagers to go through a(n) (phase) when they feel ashamed of their
parents, afraid that they might not live up to their friends' standards.
4. It is (sensible) for every family to make earthquake emergency plans and know how to leave
the area during the chaos following an earthquake.
5. Economists are interested in all the factors that can help to (predict) the extent to which a
price change will affect supply and demand in the market.
6. Starting Monday, all foods (labeled)
the government decided to put into effect now.
7. There is more to a woman than her looks, so I (resent) the fact that after a woman grows old
and loses her looks people stop paying attention to her.
8. Apart from technological development, the 20th century (witnessed) an enormous worldwide
political, economic and cultural transformation.
9. Unlike the practice in China, if you're at a hotel restaurant in the United States, expect a
15-20 percent service charge or add the (equivalent) amount yourself.
10. The change in smoking habits (parallels) a change in the incidence of lung cancer. The more
people smoke, the more chances of occurrence for lung cancer.

 Word Building
1. chaos
2. drama
3. academic
4. depress
5. detect
6. erode
7. classify
8. confusion
9. cooperation
10. dictation
11. right
12. journalist
1. chaotic
2. dramatic
3. academy
4. depression
5. detection
6. erosion
7. classification
8. confuse
9. cooperate
10. dictate
11. rightist
12. journal
精品文档

精品文档


1. One thing that helps you to listen to your thoughts is to keep a(n) (journal) because it helps to
record various insights you gain when doing daily activities.
2. The country went through a(n) (chaotic) period of social and economic transformation: a
boom in banking, engineering, scientific research and political thinking.
3. After the disaster many people began to suggest that government offices that help with storm
preparations (cooperate) with offices that monitor wild animals.
4. Even though people didn't expect much, the president's speech did little to prevent the
(erosion) of people's confidence in the government.
5. New Zealand's economy has probably been going through a more (dramatic) revolution
recently than that of any other Western countries.
6. The language teacher gave the students a short list of words that are in common use in the
UK but would either (confuse) or even offend Americans.
7. My middle daughter received three scholarships to attend a summer military (academy) .
Later she became our city's first international foreign-exchange student.
8. Systematic sampling (系统抽样) of West German voters carried out in 1979-1980
indicated that 13 percent of all voters in the Federal Republic were (rightists) in their political
views.
9. People who spend more time on the Internet experienced more (depression) and loneliness
than those who spend less time on the Net.
10. Though he did not (dictate) his speech to the audience, he went at a pace slow enough for the
listeners to take down a lot of what he said.
11. Speaking of clone, most of the physical differences between originals and copies are so
minor that (detection) of them would require a sophisticated laboratory.
12. The up-to-date (classification) of books in the newly- built school library helps you to find the
books you want more quickly than before.


 Banked Cloze
There is a special life stage that our generation goes through. It is the (1) (transition) period,
during which we move from teenage to adolescence. We learn who we are and what we stand for
and what inspires us. Also, in this period we are (2) (saddled) with a lot of pressure from our
parents who want us to make something out of ourselves.

My parents have already expressed feelings of (3) (anxiety) over my future with academics and
life. When I expressed to them recently that I would not mind graduating in five years instead of
four in order to study abroad to (4) (acquaint)myself with the world, they seemed so shocked. That
idea sounded foreign and to them was (5) (equivalent) to lack of ambition.

Apart from that, my mother has (6) (expressed) to me that she is worried that I am not searching
for a boyfriend. I (7) (resent) this stupid idea of marrying out of college since it does not suit me
one bit. Women today can get what they want out of life without a man, even children, as it
becomes more (8) (acceptable) for women to adopt children.

I personally want to stay in school as long as I can to (9) (reinforce) my academic work, possibly
complete a law degree and start a career, and then after, and only after, begin to think about (10)
(shifting) to marriage. If my math is correct, that means I will be more or less
at the age of 29 or 30, the age when my mother had me.

 Language Focus – Expressions in Use

1. As the result of her divorce, she was obviously (saddled with) the double burden of playing
the role of both mother and father.
2. Do not be intimidated by people who think they are smarter than you, and don't (back off)
when facing competition; inner confidence is important.
精品文档

精品文档
3. As our sweet childhood (gives way to) adolescence's temptation of love, we begin to learn, as
adults, that most pleasures do not last forever.
4. In the economic recession, employers (resorted to) the reduction of costs, most particularly in
wages, in order to survive in the competitive world markets.
5. People from abroad can take part in the intensified language program because schools have to
(make allowances for) students whose English is not their first language.
6. Talking about negotiations, once an agreement is made, the Chinese sometimes (wonder at)
the slow pace in which Westerners implement the decision.
7. Earthquakes occur without warning; however, it is claimed that some animals can feel
earthquakes (prior to) occurrences because of their highly sensitive organs.
8. An allowance can be (based uponbased on) your child's age, your own financial resources,
the expenses it will cover and the goals you and your child wish to accomplish.

 Translation

 英译汉
As an important part of the American culture value system,
American people. Americans view the family as a group whose primary purpose is to advance the
happiness of individual members. In contrast to many other cultures, the primary responsibility of
the American family member is not to advance the family as a group, either socially or
economically. What would be best for the family is not usually considered to be as important as
what would be best for the individual. With freedom comes the responsibility to care for oneself,
for it is the freedom of choice that carries with it the responsibility: to accept the consequences of
the choices. Many Americans give their children a lot of freedom because they want them to be
independent and self-reliant. Along with the American emphasis on individual freedom, the belief
in equality between parents and children also has had a strong effect on the family.

作为美国文化价值体系的一个重要组成部 分，个人主义受到大多数美国人的推崇。美国人
认为家庭作为一个群体，其主要目的是促进家庭各成员的 幸福。与许多其他文化相比，美国
家庭成员的主要职责，不是在社会上或经济上提高整个家庭的地位。人 们通常认为，什么是
对个人最好的要比什么是对家庭最好的更为重要。与自由相伴而来的是照顾自己的责 任，因
为所选择的自由承载了责任，即必须接受自己的选择所带来的后果。许多美国人给他们的孩
子很多的自由，因为他们希望孩子们能够独立和自力更生。在美国人强调个人自由的同时，
父母与孩子 间平等的信念也对美国家庭产生了巨大的影响。
 汉译英

孝道（filial piety）是中国古代社会的基本道德规范（code of ethics） 。中国人把孝视为人格
之本、家庭和睦之本、国家安康之本。由于孝道是儒家伦理思想的核心，它成了中 国社会千
百年来维系家庭关系的道德准则。它毫无疑问是中华民族的一种传统美德。孝道文化是一个复合概念，内容丰富，涉及面广。它既有文化理念，又有制度礼仪（institutional etiq uette）。
一般来说，它指社会要求子女对父母应尽的义务，包括尊敬、关爱、赡养老人等等。孝道 是
古老的东方文明之根本。

Filial piety is the basic code of ethics in ancient Chinese society. Chinese people consider filial
piety as the essence of a person's integrity, family harmony, and the nation's well-being. With filial
piety being the core of Confucian ethics, it has been the moral standard for the Chinese society to
maintain the family relationship for thousands of years. It's undoubtedly a traditional Chinese
virtue. The culture of filial piety is a complex concept, rich in content and wide in range. It
includes not only cultural ideas but also institutional etiquettes. Generally speaking, it refers to the
obligation of children to their parents required by the society, including respect, care, support for
the elderly and so forth. Filial piety is fundamental to the ancient

精品文档

精品文档
Unit 3 – Section B
 Language Focus – Words in Use

1. After his speech, the audience wondered if his good intentions would become realities or
whether they would be just (hollow) promises.
2. Although every child is different, it's common for children at this age to get a little
argumentative, (restless) and moody.
3. It is by participating in these activities that students can (demonstrate) their special talents,
their level of maturity and responsibility, and their leadership qualities.
4. According to what we heard, she was (exiled) from her country three years ago because of
her involvement in the plot against the government.
5. If you continue to feel lonely and (miserable) , you might consider coming to talk to someone
at the University Counseling Service.
6. Urban critics argue that people living in the cities really enjoy all the cultural, educational,
and (commercial) advantages that are available to them.
7. He was a reserved man, so he usually (hesitated) before he spoke, as if he were not sure how
his words would be received or remarked.
8. The miners' strike in July showed how quickly workers' discontent can (erupt) and how
efficiently they can take organized action.
9. His first-year learning experiences allowed him to reflect and (refine) his learning methods
and schedules and to go deeper in many ways.
10. It is not economically (feasible) to design buildings in Birstol to withstand a large earthquake
as the chances of an earthquake are very small there.


 Language Focus – Expressions in Use

1. Reasons for changing careers are different in nature, but many people move because they (are
tired of) their current jobs and just want a change.
2. Just as it is easier to go downhill than to climb uphill, it is always easy to (fall into) bad
habits unless people have a very strong will.
3. University students must (be strict with) themselves; otherwise, they will never complete
their studies and get a bachelor's degree within four years.
4. People used to think the development of electronics may (not amount to much) , but now
more and more letters and documents travel electronically.
5. He was sick and got a bad headache yesterday. It was only when he finally (drifted off) to
sleep that his headache eased a little bit.
6. With two impressive personal stories, one featuring the author as a son, the other as a father,
the author has well (bonded with) his readers.
7. The young man had to (resign himself to) the inevitable fact that he would not be able to
come back to his motherland again.
8. The news report revealed that 16 US and British citizens in Kuwait were ordered to
(surrender themselves to) the Iraqi authorities.



精品文档