高考英语一轮复习 语法点专题讲解 名词性从句
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名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。其关联词有
连接词that，if，whether；疑问
代词who，what，which和疑问副词when
，where，how，why等。
1. 主语从句
主语从句在句中做主语。它可以放在主句谓语动词之前，但多数情况由it作形式主语，而把
主语从句放在
主句之后。例如：
Who did that is known to
all.
It is interesting that you should like
him.
2. 表语从句
表语从句在句中作表语，位于主句中的系动词之后。如：
The question is who can complete the
difficult task.
表语从句不能用if引导，但可用as if引导。例如：
He looked as if he was going to cry．
3. 同位语从句
同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该名词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的名词主要有 fact
，news，
promise，idea，truth等。连接词用that（不用which），及连
接副词how，when， where，why等。例如：
His delay is
due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway．
The news that our team has won the match is
true.
She asked the reason why there was a
delay．
4. 宾语从句
1. 宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。例如：
We can learn what we did not
know．
He will talk to us about what he saw in
the U.S.
如果主句的谓语动词是及物动词make，find，see，hear等，则把宾语从句置于宾语补足
语之后，用
it作为形式宾语。如：
We find it
necessary that we practise spoken-English every
day．
另外，某些作表语的形容词，如sure，happy，glad,
certain等之后也可带宾语从句。如：
I am sure that he
will succeed.
注意：
1)
关联词只能用whether不能用if表示“是否”的情况如下：
a)
在表语从句和同位语从句中。例如：
The question is
whether the film is worth seeing.
The news whether our team has won the match is
unknown.
Answer my question
whether you are coming.
b) 在主语从句中，只有用it作形式主语时，
whether和if都能引导主语从句，否则，也只能用
whether。例如：
Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn't been
decided yet.
It hasn't been decided
whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.
c)
在介词之后。（介词往往可以省略）例如：
It all
depends（on）whether they will support us．
d)
后面直接跟动词不定式时。例如：
He doesn't know whether
to stay or not.
e) 后面紧接or not时。例如：
We didn't know whether or not she was ready．
f) 引导让步状语从句，只能用whether。例如：
Whether
you like it or not， you must do it well.
g)
用if会引起歧义时。例如：
Please 1et me know if
you like it.
该句有两个意思：“请告诉我你是否喜欢”。或“如果你喜欢，请告诉我。
”用了whether就可
以避免。
2)
关联词if，whether均可使用的情况如下：
a) 引导宾语从句。例如：
I wonder if（whether）the news is true or not．
b) 在“be十形容词”之后。例如：
He was not
sure whether (if) it is right or wrong.
3)
关联词只能用whether 或 if，不能用that的情况如下：
若doubt一词作“怀疑”
解接宾语从句时，主句为肯定句用whether或if，主句为否定句或疑问句用
that。例如：
I doubt whether he will come soon.
I
do not doubt that he will come soon.
Do you
doubt that he will come soon？
注意：
下面这个例句中doubt的含义为“认为未必可能”。
I doubt that he
will come.
2. 直接引语和间接引语。
引述别人的原话叫直接引语，用自己的话
转述别人的话叫间接引语。这两种引语都是宾语从句，但直接引
语放在引号内，不用连词
连接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词连接于主句。
1)
陈述句变为以that引导的宾语从句。例如：
He said，“I'm very glad.”
He said that he
was very glad.
2)
一般疑问句变为if（whether）引导的宾语从句。例如：
He said，“Can you come this afternoon, John？”
He asked whether John could come that
afternoon.
3) 特殊疑问句变为由who，what,
when等疑问词引导的宾语从句。例：
He said，“Where
is Mr. Wang？”
He asked where
Mr. Wang was.
注意上述例句中时态，人称代词，时间状语的变化。主句谓语动词为过去
时，间接引语中的动词变化
如下：
一般现在时变为一般对去时；现在进行时变为过去进行时；
一股将来时变为过去将来时；现在完成时变为过去
完成时；一般过去时变为过去完成时；过去完成时仍为
过去
完成时。
如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一律不变。例如：
He says，”I cleaned the
f1oor.”
He says he cleaned the floor.
巩固训练
1. ________ the new plan can be carried out
will be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.
A.
Which B. What C. That D. Whether
2. You must
think of ________ you can do more for others.
A. that B. how C. what D. which
3. They
asked the captain if________ the destination
safely.
A. the ship can reach
the ship
reached
4. ________ that not all the books are
helpful to me.
A. It seems to me B. In my
opinion C. I think in my mind D. I seem
B. the
ship could reach C. did the ship reach D.
5.
There are a crowd of people there. What do you
suppose ________.
A. had happened B. has
happened C. is happened D. happened
6.
________ one of my ld friends was on the flight to
New York.
A. It happened that B. It was
happened that
7. China is no longer ________.
C. That happened D. It happened to
A. she used to be B. that she used to
be
used to like
C. what she used to be D.
what she
8. The thought ________ he might be
put in prison worried him a lot.
A. when B.
which C. what D. that
9. ________ the 29th
Olympic Games will be hold in Beijing, China made
all the Chinese excited.
A. What B. When C.
That D. Whether
10. It is impossible ________
he forgot ________ he had said.
A. that; what
B. what; that C. what; that D. that; that
11.
The truth is ________ the taxi driver broke the
traffic rule.
A. why B. what C. that D. which
12. ________ we want to know is ________ the
accident happened.
A. That; when and what
C. That; which and where
13. I wonder how
much________.
A. does the computer cost
C.
the computer cost
B. did the computer cost
D. the computer costs
B. What; what and
when
D. What; when and where.
14. I have
all kinds of books there, you may take ________
you like most.
A. in which B. from which C.
whichever D. that
15. — Do you remember
________ he came?
— Yes, I do, he came by car.
A. how B. when C. that D. if
16. There can
be no doubt ________ he is qualified for the job.
A. if B. whether C. that D. which
17. I
have no information about ________ he will come or
not.
A. if B. either C. whether D. what
18. Now we have little idea ________ life they
were then living.
A. which B. that C. what D.
how
19. It’s widely believed ________ milk and
eggs are nutritious.
A. that B. what C. if D.
whether
20. It’s doubtful ________ we shall be
able to come.
A. that B. whether C. if D. when
21. The official asked me ________ to build
this plant.
A. how long it was taken B. how
long it had taken
C. how much time did
it take D. how much time it was taken
22. He
made a promise ________ he would help me.
A.
what B. when C. that D. which
23. This is
________ the Salt Lake City lies.
A. which B.
what C. where D. when
24. It looked ________
it was going to rain.
A. as if B. if C. as D.
whether
25. It depends on ________ he was
enough money.
A. if B. if or not C. whether or
not D. whether
26. ________ gets home first is
to cook the supper.
A. Who B. Whom C. Those
who D. Whoever
27. ________ Wang Feng looked
after the old woman a whole year moved us all.
A. That B. What C. When D. Why
28.
________ I can’t understand is ________ he doesn’t
want to go.
A. What; why B. That; that C.
Which; for D. Why; because
29. I don’t doubt
________ he will attend the meeting.
A. that
B. if C. what D. whether
30. It worried her a
bit ________ her hair was turning gray.
A.
while B. that C. if D. whether
31. The teacher
asked ________ with me.
A. what was the wrong
B. what the matter was C. what matter was
the
matter
32. ________ we do must be in the
interests of the people.
A. What that B.
Whichever C. No matter D. What ever
33. Tell
me ________ your brother looks like.
A. how B.
what C. all that D. that
34. Word came
________ the president would come to visit our
city.
A. whether B. that C. why D. which
35. The trouble is ________ we are short of
money.
A. what B. that C. how D. why
36.
No one can be sure________ in a million years.
A. What man will look like B. what will man
look like
C. man will look like what D. what
look will man like
D. what was
37.
–Hurry up, or we’ll be late for the meeting.
--There are still a few minutes left, I don’t’
think it ________ until 7:30.
A. will begin B.
is to begin C. is beginning D. was to begin
38. Are you suggesting that I ________ unfit
for the job?
A. am B. were C. shall be D. be
39. ________that the 70 years old man can pass
the college entrance examination this time?
A.
That is hoped B. It is hoped C. People are hoped
D. It hoped
40. We think ____ _ necessary
_____ a college student should master at least one
foreign language.
A. that; that B. that; that
C. it; that D. that; it
41. ________ do you
think is the best player on our national women
volleyball team?
A. Whom B. What C. Of whom D.
Who
42. ________ we can’t get seems better
than ________ we have.
A. what; what B. What;
that C. That; that D. That; what
43. I would
rather you ________ tomorrow than today.
A.
come B. will come C. came D. is coming
44. Who
do you imagine ________ at the meeting tomorrow?
A. to speak B. speaking C. spoken D. will
speak
45. — Do you believe Mary will come to
the party tonight?
— ________.
A. No, I
believe not so
C. No, I don’t believe so
B. No, I don’t believe
D. Of course
she won’t
KEY: 1—10. DBBAB ACDCA 11—20.
CDDCA CCCAB 21—30. BCCAD DAAAB 31—40. DDBBB
AAABC 41—45.
DACDC