人教版高中英语必修3教学案：Unit 4 Section 3 (含答案)
上海市公积金网-雪作文
.
[语法初识]
原句感知
①What it was to become was uncertain until
between
4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the
dust settled
into a solid globe.
(1)以上各句皆为主从复合句，
自主探究
②The earth became so
violent that it was not clear
句中黑体部分为名词性从句作
whether the shape would last or
not. 主语，称之为主语从句。
③What is even more important
is that as the earth (2)what引导主语从句，what在
cooled
down, water began to appear on its surface.
从句中作表语(句①)，主语(句
④It was not immediately obvious
that water was to
③)，及宾语(句⑤)。
be
fundamental to the development of life.
(3)whether引导主语从句，意
⑤What many scientists
believe is that the continued 为：是否(句②⑥)。
presence of water allowed the earth to
dissolve (4)可用it作形式主语，真正的
harmful gases and
acids into the oceans and seas.
主语为名词性从句(句④由that
⑥So whether life will continue
on the earth for 引导主语从句)。
millions of years to
come will depend on whether this
problem can
be solved.
[语法剖析]
语法点一
在主从复合句中充当主语的从句即为主语从句。
What made her happy
was that she won the game in such an important
match.
令她高兴的是在这么重要的比赛中她获胜了。
It is decided
that the meeting has been put off till next
Monday.
已经定下来将会议推迟到下周一了。
语法点二
1.连接词that和whetherif
(1)that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，本身无任何意义，只起连接作用，但不可省略。
.
定义
主语从句的连接词及其句法功能
.
That we are invited to the concert this
evening is good news to us.
我们被邀请去参加今晚的音乐会，这对我们来说是个好消息。
(2)whetherif在从句中不充当任何句子成分，起连接作用，意为“是否”，不可省略。
Whether the plan will be carried out is still
unknown.
＝ It is still unknown ifwhether the
plan will be carried out.
这个计划是否会实施还不知道。
[点津] whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾，但if引导的主语从句
只能放在句尾，前面需用it作形式主语。
即时演练1
完成句子
①That_she_could_come_to_help_us made us very
happy.
她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴。
②Whether_he_can_finish_his_task_on_time is of
great importance.
他能否按时完成任务非常重要。
2．连接代词(who, whose, whom, what, which,
whichever, whoever, whomever,
whatever等)。连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
Who will go to the concert is unknown.
不知道谁会去听音乐会。
Whoever did this job must be
rewarded.
无论谁做了这项工作一定要得到酬谢。
What the
lecturer said is of great value.
演讲者所讲的非常有价值。
[点津] who 引导的主语从句表示一件“事情”，而whoever引导的主语从句指“人”。
3．连接副词(when, where, how,
why等)。连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。
When we will have a
meeting is an important question.
我们何时举行会议是个重要的问题。
How they will solve the
serious problem hasn't been decided.
他们将怎样解决这个严重的问题还没有决定。
[点津] 名词性从句引导词的确定步骤：
(1)分析句式结构，明确名词性从句在句中的功能；
(2)明确名词性从句所表达的意义；
(3)明确名词性从句中所需要的成分及意义；
(4)确定从句的引导词。
.
.
即时演练2
用连接代词或连接副词填空并写出它们在从句中所作的语法成分
①Why John was
late for the class has been unexplained.状语
②Which part of the country he will travel to
needs discussing.定语
③Where cars will be parked
in the future is a question.状语
④What we should
do next remains unknown.宾语
⑤Whoever is
interested in the activity can sign your names.主语
语法点三 主语从句中用it作形式主语的结构
＋be＋形容词(obvious, true, natural, strange,
etc.)＋主语从句
It is doubtful whether she will be
able to come to the party.
她是否能来参加聚会还很难说。
It is necessary that a college student
(should) master one or two foreign
languages.
大学生掌握一两门外语是必要的。
[点津] 在“It＋
be＋形容词＋主语从句”结构中，若形容词为
importantnecessary
strange等时，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。
2．It ＋
be＋名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a pity, ano
surprise, etc.)＋主
语从句
It's a pity that you
missed the film.
你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。
3．It
＋be＋过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected,
proved, etc.)＋主语
从句
It is reported that no
passengers were injured in the accident.
据报道在这起事故中没有乘客受伤。
[点津] 在“It ＋
be＋过去分词＋主语从句”结构中，过去分词若为
suggestedordered
requiredadvised等时，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。
4．It＋不及物动词(happen, seem, appear, etc.)＋主语从句
It happened that I was out that day.
碰巧那天我不在。
5．It ＋ 及物动词＋宾语＋主语从句
.
.
It surprised him why they came to
visit him suddenly.
让他吃惊的是他们为什么突然都来看他。
即时演练3
句型转换
①That he suddenly fell ill
last month surprised us.
→It surprised us that
he suddenly fell ill last month.
②Whether she
will come or not doesn't matter.
→It doesn't
matter whether she will come or not.
③That
light travels in straight lines is known to us
all.
→It is known to us all that light travels
in straight lines.
语法点四
1.从句要用陈述语序
How he succeeded is still a puzzle.
他是如何成功的仍然是个谜。
2．主谓一致
(1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。
Where he will get
a job after graduation has puzzled him much.
毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很困惑。
[点津]
what引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。
What the
school needs most are books.
这所学校最需要的是书。
(
2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或
多个连接词引导
一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。
When they will start and
where they will go have not been decided yet.
他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。
When and where they
will hold the meeting is not clear.
他们何时何地召开会议还不清楚。
即时演练4
单句改错
①When will we set off is still under
discussion.
will_we→we_will
②What he
needs most are →is
.
主语从句中应注意的问题
.
③When and where the meeting will
be held have not been →has
④That the coal
workers are still alive are a wonder.
第二个are→is
[链接高考]
单句语法填空
1．(2016·江苏高考)It is often the case that
anything is possible for those who
hang on to
hope.
2．(2016·北京高考)Your support is important
to our work. Whatever you can do
helps.
3．(2015·江苏高考)Where Li Bai, a great Chinese
poet, was born is known to the
public, but
some won't accept it.
4．(2015·北京高考)How we
understand things has a lot to do with what we
feel.
5．(2014·大纲版全国卷)Exactly when the potato
was introduced into Europe is
uncertain, but
it was probably around 1565.
6．(2014·陕西高考)When
the delayed flight will take off depends much on
the
weather.
7．(2014·天津高考)I think what
impresses me about his painting is the colours
he uses.
8．(2014·北京高考)Some people believe
what has happened before or is happening
now
will repeat itself in the future.
9．(2013·北京高考)What makes the book so
extraordinary is the creative
imagination of
the writer.
10．(2013·四川高考)What you said at the
meeting describes a bright future for
the
company.
[针对演练]
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．He
couldn't understand that, as a teacher of Chinese,
he had been asked to
teach history.
→What
he couldn't understand was that, as a teacher of
Chinese, he had been
asked to teach history.
2．When and where to go on a business trip
hasn't been decided.
.
.
→It
hasn't been decided when and where to go on a
business trip.
3．We don't know who will take
the place of Mr Smith.
→Who will take the
place of Mr Smith isn't known to us.
4．My
uncle happened to be out when I visited him on
Sunday.
→It happened that my uncle was out
when I visited him on Sunday.
5．Whether the
old couple will like the trip abroad or not
remains to be seen.
→ It remains to be seen
whether the old couple will like the trip abroad
or
not.
6．It makes no difference how you
get there.
→How you get there makes no
difference.
7．Literary books, especially those
by famous writer, interests me most.
→What
interests me most is literary books, especially
those by famous writers.
8．Our desire is that
you should provide some money to fund our program,
as well
as offer us some practical
suggestions.
→It's our desire that you should
provide some money to fund our program, as
well as offer us some practical suggestions.
9．Everyone present was interested in how he
managed to survive in the forest.
→How he
managed to survive in the forest interested
everyone present.
10．To our excitement, he
will attend the meeting.
→That he will attend
the meeting has excited all of us.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．That_drought_affected_the_area_so_deeply has
made people worried.
干旱严重影响了这个地区，这让人担忧。
2．It is still unknown
ifwhether_the_film_will_be_released．
这个电影是否会上映还不知道。
3．It is ordered that the
construction of the sports ground
should_be_completed_next_week．
命令操场建设下周完成。
4．What_role_he_will_play_in_this_activity
hasn't been decided.
他在这次活动中将起什么作用还未定下来。
5．What_she_is_buying_now are some magazines.
现在她正在买的东西是一些杂志。
6．It is clear
that_somebody_came_to_visit_him_just_now．
很明显刚刚有人来拜访过他。
.
.
7．When_the_dispute_in_this_area_will_stop
puzzles many people.
这个地区的争执(dispute)何时结束让很多人困惑。
8．It is a pity
that_the_young_boy_has_to_drop_out_of_school_t
o_help_his_father to raise his
family.
遗憾的是小男孩为了帮父亲养家只好辍学。
9．Why_she_didn't_attend_the_wedding_party is
that she had a headache.
她没有出席婚礼宴会的原因是她头痛。
10．It is not important
who_should_attend_the_meeting instead of him.
谁将代替他出席会议并不重要。
Ⅲ.短文改错
A funny thing
happened my sister Tina last month. In Japan,
people usually don't
wear his outdoor shoes in
the house or at school, and a lot of buildings had
places
for shoes. Her school has a special
place for shoes, either. It's a shoe box. Tina
teaches English in the evening. One Friday,
she went to school and put her shoes
in the
shoe boxes as usual. After class she got ready to
leave. But to the surprise,
her shoes weren't
in the box. There were only one pair of shoes
there, and they weren't
her shoes! She had to
leave with a hurry, so she put on the shoes and
left off. On
Monday, in her next English
class, her shoes were in a shopping bag on her
desk.
There was a note saying, “I'm so sorry.
I take your shoes by mistake！”
答案：第一句：happened后加to
第二句：his→their;
had→have
第三句：either→too
第六句：boxes→box
第八句：第一个the→her
第九句：were→was
第十句：with→in; 去掉off
第十二句：take→took
.